The widely accepted standards of Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) have changed the way many organisations conduct their everyday business. The significant popularity of mobile devices has seen a rapid increase in the rate of mobile technology enhancements, which have become widely used for communication, as well as conducting everyday tasks. An increased requirement in many businesses is for staff not to be tied down to the office. Consequently, mobile devices play an important role in achieving the mobility and information access that people desire. Due to the popularity and increasing use of SOA and mobile devices, Mobile Service-Oriented Architecture (Mobile SOA) has become a new industry catch-phrase. Many challenges, however, exist within the Mobile SOA environment. These issues include limitations on mobile devices, such as a reduced screen size, lack of processing power, insufficient processing memory, limited battery life, poor storage capacity, unreliable network connections, limited bandwidth available and high transfer costs. This research aimed to provide an elegant solution to the issues of a mobile device, which hinders the performance of Mobile SOA. The main objective of this research was to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of Mobile SOA. In order to achieve this goal, a framework was proposed, which supported intelligent compression of files used within a Web Service. The proposed framework provided a set of guidelines that facilitate the quick development of a system. A proof-of-concept prototype was developed, based on these guidelines and the framework design principles. The prototype provided practical evidence of the effectiveness of implementing a system based on the proposed framework. An analytical evaluation was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the prototype within the Mobile SOA environment. A performance evaluation was conducted to determine efficiency it provides. Additionally, the performance evaluation highlighted the decrease in file transfer time, as well as the significant reduction in transfer costs. The analytical and performance evaluations demonstrated that the prototype optimises the effectiveness and efficiency of Mobile SOA. The framework could, thus, be used to facilitate efficient file transfer between a Server and (Mobile) Client.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science and Agriculture in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Masters of Science in Computer Science in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2014 / In today‘s service-oriented business environments, the standard Publish-Find-Bind model as embodied by the Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) paradigm presents a new strong challenge in the consumption and applicability of services to its consumers. This is because services in SOA-based environments are not built and published for predefined consumers; rather they are advertised for potentially many unknown consumers. Thus, they could be (re) used by various anonymous consumers with varying requirements and business needs. Hence, to increase service applicability and efficiency in the consumption of services, as well as to stay relevant in today‘s global market economy, service providers are expected to provide services covering such a wide variety of demands. However, they are still faced and have to deal with a number of problems which need to be balanced. Consequently, this research work addresses the problem of how to deliver customizable software services, as a way to address and/or increase the applicability and efficiency in the consumption of software services. In particular, this research proposed a service customization framework called FreeCust, which exploits the feature modeling concepts or techniques from the Software Product Line Engineering (SPLE) discipline. The FreeCust framework as suggested in this research was constructed, validated, and evaluated through practical use case scenarios, proof-of-concept prototype implementations, experiments, and a comparative (static) analysis. This was to show its utility, technical feasibility, functional correctness, and business benefits. The evaluation and validation results demonstrated that the FreeCust approach has the potential or is appropriate for minimizing the complexities involved in consumers‘ service customization processes and increasing service applicability. / Telkom SA SOC Limited

Marketing management plays a very important and professional role in the enterprises. Therefore, marketing management is getting more and more popularity among the enterprises in recent years. Several aspects on marketing, such as technical documents, research and development plans, product quotations, are considered as core assets in one company. How to effectively realize marketing management has become a key for a company¡¦s survival. Up to date, several world-wide well known marketing management models such as Michael Porter flow diagram, ISO 9000 flow diagram, and Enterprises flow diagram all embrace the process-oriented approach which treats the system¡¦s structure view and behavior view separately. Separating structure view from behavior view during the planning phase may cause many difficulties, such as uneven distribution of resources, bad risk management and so on, when working on the later realization and verification phase of the marketing management system¡¦s construction. This research utilizes architecture-oriented modeling methodology so that structure view and behavior view are coalesced when decomposing the marketing management system to obtain structure elements and behaviors deriving from interactions among these structure elements. By adopting structure-behavior coalescence, abbreviated as SBC, which includes ¡§architecture hierarchy diagram", "structure element diagram", "structure element operation diagram", "structure element connection diagram", "structure-behavior coalescence diagram", and "interactive flow diagram", this research constructs a complete architecture-oriented marketing management model, abbreviated as AOMMM. This research is the first study using architecture-oriented approach to construct the marketing management system. Also, AOMMM solves many difficulties caused by the process-oriented approach when constructing marketing management systems. These are the contributions of this research.

The production and marketing management is the primary activities of the enterprise value chain; what is more, the performance of it has become the most important key point of enterprise management to create profit and competition. Hence, by controlling the enterprise total resources and tightly negotiation between production and marketing departments, to reinforce the mutual understanding and achieve the best performance from limited resource, it has formed the essential field criteria for manufacture companies to manage in the variable business circumstance. Thus, for the present production and marketing management activities, it is the necessary to describe more clearly in organization interfaces among the departments, and reveal full scope of total resource. For top management give a strong support to make the right decision. This Architecture-Oriented (AO) study uses structure-and-behavior-in-one-unity, building up an Architecture-Oriented Production/Marketing (AOPM) management model, and establish the model build-up rules to provide the build-up sequence to follow. By introducing practical Production/Marketing management examples in implementation of Architecture-Oriented to actual cases, through compare the conventional Process- Oriented Production/Marketing (POPM) with the research AOPM to obtain a another brand new model for enterprise management consideration. This research is divided into three parts (1) concept of the Architecture-Oriented (2) establish the model build-up rules to provide the build-up sequence to follow (3) build up an AOPM management model. The main contribution is that AOPM management model contains structure view, behavior view, resource view, organization view and the other point of views. To compare the AOPM management model with the conventional POPM management model through different views in organization function, interface and resource consolidation, show that the APOM management model is much better then conventional POPM management model to meet enterprise management demand. This model is net only easy to establish but also in controlling the build-up rules. So it is helpful for enterprise to introduce Architecture-Oriented management model as a useful tool.

Abstract The role of policing within western democratic countries has become increasingly clouded. This nebulous role of policing has been impacted upon by such issues as, the diversity and complexity of social change, the advances achieved within the technology field and the increasing amount of legislation that has been passed in an endeavour to accommodate such changes. Over the decades these developments have required policing organisations to shift their focus from the original crime prevention in conjunction with community collaboration to one which is predominantly incident driven and enforcement focused. Through the adoption of various strategies utilising technology, beginning with the motor vehicle, the police organisation has also progressively widened the gap between itself and the community being policed. With the widening of this gap such traits as trust, familiarity, co-operation and information exchange between the two parties has declined. This appears to have a domino effect on the fear of crime and social disorder within the community, thus impacting on the quality of life of community members. Within recent decades some of the traditional policing practices - including random preventive patrol, rapid response and the need for additional police because of increasing crime - have been questioned and researched. The findings of these research projects have not supported the effectiveness of such policing strategies. The role of policing, thus comes into question and a return to the historical role of policing espoused when Sir Robert Peel established the London Metropolitan Police and drafted the Principles of Policing, which was issued to each newly appointed constable, is being revisited. This has been promoted in the form of the 'community policing' concept. This community policing concept is stated as consisting of three core components - personalised policing through a police officer being stationed within a set geographic area; police-community partnership and problem-solving. However, in order to establish and maintain a viable partnership, both parties must participate and be aware of what the partnership entails. Similarly, with problem-solving both the community and police must identify and prioritise the local community problems. Both of these core components are bonded together through the appointment of a police officer within the community providing personalised policing. This shift in policing focus would necessitate changes both within the police organisation and the community itself. It must be remembered that the reactive, incident driven model of policing has been in existence for several decades and changing such a model will require some time. Thus, the effective implementation of community policing requires an agreement as to what community policing means and then a marketing and training program so that at the outset both parties are on an equal footing. As for the problem solving component of community policing, the parties to the partnership need to accommodate the differing foci of the opposite party. From the policing perspective, this requires accepting input from the community rather than maintaining a controlling demeanour. The police therefore, need to adopt an approach espoused by Wilson and Kelling (1982) in their article titled, 'Broken Windows: The Police and Neighbourhood Safety' which has been discussed in several literary works dealing with the community policing concept [Edwards 2001; Kenney (ed) 1989; Trojanowicz & Bucqueroux 1994]. The community also needs to be involved and this can be achieved initially, by maintaining support and enthusiasm for the community policing activities initiated. The success of implementing community policing relies on the adoption of the core components. The two community policing components, police-community partnership and problem-solving are impacted on by the third core component of personalised policing within a particular area. The personalised policing component is the need to have stable and reasonably enduring police personnel deployed to respective community locales. By adding this factor to the community policing components there is provided a degree of continuity and thus both parties develop a degree of familiarity which can lead to trust and confidence. The implementation of community policing to this extent needs to be holistically addressed through the police organisational dimensions, namely the philosophical, the strategic and the programmatic. Through these dimensions a comprehensive development of the community policing concept can be undertaken.

Because of an interest in object-oriented database systems, designers have created systems to store and manipulate specific sets of abstract data types that belong to the real world environment they represent. Unfortunately, the advantage of these systems is also a disadvantage since no single object-oriented database system can be used for all applications. This paper describes an object-oriented database management system called the Object-oriented Database Editor (ODE) which overcomes this disadvantage by allowing designers to create and execute an object-oriented database that represents any type of environment and then to store it and simulate that environment. As conditions within the environment change, the designer can use ODE to alter that environment without loss of data. ODE provides a flexible environment for the user; it is efficient; and it can run on a personal computer.

"The essence of software design is to construct well-defined, encapsulated modules that are composed together to build the desired software application. There are several design paradigms in use today, including traditional Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), Feature-Oriented Programming (FOP), Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) and Instance-Oriented Programming (IOP). FOP studies the modularity of features in product lines, where a feature is an increment in program functionality. AOP aims to separate and modularize aspects when an aspect is a crosscutting concern. IOP, as an extension to FOP, makes the layers work like object factories. While each is good at solving different types of problems, they are closely related. The composition of modules is complicated because modules have (often hidden) dependencies on other modules. This thesis aims to better understand the way dependencies are managed by each approach. Based on this, we focus on the precedence issue in AOP and FOP, that is, how designers are able to specify the order by which modules are composed together. Different precedence means different semantics, but the current tools can not guarantee the correct precedence is adopted. We first solve the precedence issue separately for AOP and FOP, then based on this, we come up with a unified model to solve the precedence issue by using source code annotations to specify the precedence. We evaluate our technique with use cases. "

The purpose of the study was to examine how teachers and children interpreted the project and understood its values. To this end, it was necessary to focus on four defining parameters which affect the investigation: structure of pre-school project work, content and delivery, the methods used by teachers during the project, which pedagogical documentation was used (and how), and how the project determined the approach, the curriculum goals and values. Using a qualitative approach, regular unsystematic observations were made over five days, during which three teachers, two pedagogues, two pre-school teachers, and one nanny from the same kindergarten were interviewed regarding children in three age groups: 1-2 years old, 3 years old, and 4-5 years old. The results of my investigation showed that the teachers were divided on how to apply the project as a working method. Children's active role in the pre-school project varied depending on the extent to which teachers adopted children perspective in everyday practice. The teachers used the documentation to evaluate, make visible processes of learning in children and reflect on the educational work of the projects. / Reggio Emilia

Thesis (M.S.) -- Worcester Polytechnic Institute. / Keywords: conflict; precedence; dependency; feature-oriented programming; object-oriented design; aspect-oriented programming. Includes bibliographical references (p.76-78).

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1998 / Town & Country Resort Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / Satellite tracking ground stations are under continuous pressure to automate. Autonomy is generally the desired goal, but if the ground stations are in a Commercial Ground Network(CGN) setup to support many missions simultaneously, remote control of such stations is of much more importance. The proliferation of Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) science, earth resources and eventually global communications satellites either in orbit or planned, requires a much lower cost methodology for ground support. A CGN of TCP/IP remotely controlled ground stations lowers much of the manpower that was historically required to operate such stations. This paper will cover the remote control aspects needed for a satellite ground tracking station and offer a unique remote control topology utilizing TCP/IP.