My thesis tells of the Cambodian refugee experience. It is based on the life stories of ten Cambodian refugees who presently live in Melbourne Australia. The stories that people told me were about their experiences of life before the Pol Pot regime, their survival of one of the twentieth century's totalitarian regimes, then their travel to and life in the Thai refugee camps and more recently their experiences of resettlement and life in Australia. My work explores the profound impact these life experiences had on Cambodian people and how they remembered and told stories about their past. Further, it considers how these experiences shaped the identities of survivors of the Pol Pot years. It is clear that the Cambodian refugee experience tells us that people can do the most terrible things to other people, but it is also clear that human beings can also survive almost any situation. In this regard my work shows that life is a most precious and fragile thing, but it also has an amazing strength and resilience.

Σε αυτή τη διπλωματική εργασία παρουσιάζονται μερικές μέθοδοι ομαλών διαταραχών και η εφαρμογή τους στις "διάσημες" μη γραμμικές συνήθεις διαφορικές εξισώσεις Duffing, Castor και van der Pol.Οι μέθοδοι διαταραχών μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν για να βρούμε προσεγγιστικές λύσεις σε διαφορικές εξισώσεις οι οποίες είναι μη γραμμικές και μια ακριβή λύση δεν μπορεί να βρεθεί. Η μέθοδος της θεωρίας διαταραχών γίνεται με σεβασμό ως προς μια μικρή παράμετρο ε, 0<ε<<1. Οι προσεγγιστικές αυτές μέθοδοι προυποθέτουν ότι γνωρίζουμε πλήρως τη λύση του προβλήματος για την τιμή ε=0 μιας παραμέτρου και επιχειρούμε να εκφράσουμε τη γενική λύση, για 0<ε<<1, υπό μορφή σειράς όρων του ε,ε^2,...κ.τ.λ. / In this thesis we present some regular perturbation methods and their applications to the famous non-linear ordinary differential equations of Duffing, Castor and van der Pol. The method of perturbations can be used to develop approximate solutions to differential equations, which have nonlinearities or variable coefficients so that an exact solution cannot be constructed. The method of perturbation expansion is carried out with respect to a small parameter ε,0<ε<<1. These approximate methods require that we know the solution of the problem for ε=0 and try to expess the general solution, for 0<ε<<1, as a series of terms ε,ε^2,...e.t.c.

Submitted by Gustavo Gomes (gustavolascasas@gmail.com) on 2014-06-05T14:22:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Programas de prote????o social e supera????o da pobreza.pdf: 1651603 bytes, checksum: 829b4d623348c8b766a137ff03246a19 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Roger Guedes (roger.guedes@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2014-06-05T20:04:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Programas de prote????o social e supera????o da pobreza.pdf: 1651603 bytes, checksum: 829b4d623348c8b766a137ff03246a19 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-05T20:04:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Programas de prote????o social e supera????o da pobreza.pdf: 1651603 bytes, checksum: 829b4d623348c8b766a137ff03246a19 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Funda????o Jo??o Pinheiro / Este trabalho identifica e situa as contribui????es da literatura sobre o tema das concep????es e mensura????o da pobreza, por um lado, e das pol??ticas de prote????o e supera????o da pobreza, por outro, para construir um quadro anal??tico com as categorias chave que articulem dois campos de tradi????es cient??ficas sobre pobreza. O trabalho sustenta-se em dois grandes pontos de apoio: a pobreza ?? tanto um problema para o conhecimento quanto um problema para as pol??ticas p??blicas. A id??ia b??sica ?? que diferentes concep????es levam a diferentes formas de mensura????o e tamb??m, ao mesmo tempo, a diferentes respostas quanto ??s pol??ticas e estrat??gias de interven????o. Cada concep????o revela uma vis??o do problema e ao mesmo tempo uma receita, um rem??dio para o mal da pobreza. A pergunta principal e que orienta o trabalho ?? a seguinte: ?? poss??vel delinear, sen??o um modelo de a????o, pelo menos um conjunto de quest??es relevantes a serem levadas em conta no desenho das estrat??gias de inclus??o, tendo como refer??ncia a literatura sobre o tema? Para respond??-la, tem-se a an??lise de parte da literatura sobre pobreza, por um lado, e sobre pol??ticas p??blicas e especificamente de prote????o social, por outro, para extrair algumas categorias anal??ticas centrais, conformando um quadro conceitual a partir do qual as experi??ncias locais de inclus??o social possam ser analisadas. Essas dimens??es ??? conhecimento e a????o ??? n??o s??o t??o independentes e freq??entemente encontram-se imbricadas: toda concep????o envolve formas e crit??rios de mensura????o e id??ias impl??citas (ou n??o) sobre as formas e alternativas de interven????o poss??veis. O ponto de partida consistiu na identifica????o de uma vis??o ampliada sobre o fen??meno da pobreza, estruturada a partir do exame dos enfoques: monet??rio, necessidades b??sicas insatisfeitas, capacidades, exclus??o social, vulnerabilidade e riscos. Uma an??lise dos diferentes enfoques sobre pobreza, com foco mais orientado para as abordagens da exclus??o e da vulnerabilidade, permite destilar alguns elementos que t??m implica????es para o desenho de pol??ticas locais de prote????o social. A partir da an??lise dos pressupostos e da operacionaliza????o das diferentes concep????es tem-se que estas se articulam com as categorias de multidimensionalidade, estrat??gias de interven????o com foco na autonomia, participa????o, empoderamento e em a????es e pol??ticas intersetoriais e mais integradas, inclusive no ??mbito do territ??rio. Na segunda parte do trabalho tem-se o foco na quest??o da pobreza como problema para a a????o, para as pol??ticas p??blicas, e nesse caso a an??lise volta-se para as caracter??sticas e tend??ncias das pol??ticas de prote????o social na Europa, Am??rica Latina e Brasil, considerando pressupostos e os desafios das alternativas em curso. Um aspecto central nessa discuss??o refere-se ??s transforma????es no plano da produ????o das pol??ticas de prote????o social e da gest??o p??blica, que configuram modelos e estrat??gias de interven????o que s??o aqui examinadas. A an??lise das estrat??gias de inclus??o ir?? considerar, de forma priorit??ria, o ??mbito de gest??o local. Nos novos modelos de prote????o social, o principal articulador das a????es de enfrentamento da exclus??o social ?? o ??mbito local, e embora n??o se desconhe??a a centralidade do n??vel nacional para a provis??o de bem e servi??os sociais, o foco de an??lise ser?? o n??vel local de gest??o. No modelo de a????o esbo??ado, as estrat??gias locais de inclus??o pautam-se pela perspectiva da autonomia individual e comunit??ria e pelo empoderamento, orientando-se por estrat??gias de gest??o pautadas pela integralidade das pol??ticas, pelo foco na demanda e na capacidade de ajustar interven????es ??s necessidades espec??ficas das popula????es e regi??es pobres, exclu??das ou segregadas. O trabalho identifica e organiza as dimens??es e categorias que emergem na literatura examinada na primeira e segunda parte do trabalho, e a partir do quadro assim constru??do, s??o examinadas duas estrat??gias locais desenvolvidas em contextos metropolitanos. Nesse caso importa identificar, no desenho dos programas desenvolvidos em Belo Horizonte e S??o Paulo, elementos do quadro anal??tico e do modelo de a????o aqui esbo??ado. / Governo e Pol??tica

?rea de concentra??o: Qu?mica Anal?tica. / Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-18T17:29:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 delton_martins_pimentel.pdf: 3429904 bytes, checksum: 0bdb59431143a44261723bfd797ed6b3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-18T17:56:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 delton_martins_pimentel.pdf: 3429904 bytes, checksum: 0bdb59431143a44261723bfd797ed6b3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2014-12-18T18:02:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 delton_martins_pimentel.pdf: 3429904 bytes, checksum: 0bdb59431143a44261723bfd797ed6b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-18T18:02:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 delton_martins_pimentel.pdf: 3429904 bytes, checksum: 0bdb59431143a44261723bfd797ed6b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / No presente trabalho fabricou-se um material comp?sito ? base de polianilina (PAni), grafeno(rGO) e Horseradish peroxidase (HRP), visando o desenvolvimento de uma nova plataforma para detec??o de per?xido de hidrog?nio (H2O2) com uma alta sensibilidade. O grafeno utilizado foi produzido a partir da redu??o do ?xido de grafite (GO) por redu??o em forno de micro-ondas, que por sua vez foi sintetizado pelo m?todo de Laura J. Cote et al. Posteriormente, o nanomaterial foi modificado quimicamente com O,O?-Bis(2-aminoetil)-polietilenoglicol, produzindo assim grafeno funcionalizado com grupo amino (rGO-PEG-NH2). Ap?s esta etapa, foi produzido o comp?sito PAni/rGO-PEG-NH2 por via potenciodin?mica e o mesmo foi utilizado como substrato para fabricar um sensor para H2O2 atrav?s da imobiliza??o da enzima HRP sobre o pol?mero produzindo-se assim um material comp?sito. Os experimentos eletroqu?micos foram realizados em uma cela eletroqu?mica com capacidade para 10 mL com tr?s eletrodos, sendo o eletrodo de refer?ncia Ag/AgCl, contra eletrodo de fio platina, e eletrodo de trabalho de Au (0,071 cm2). Estudos comparativos entre os processos redox da PAni e PAni/rGO-PEG-NH2 realizados por voltametria c?clica e imped?ncia eletroqu?mica deixaram evidente que o material comp?sito apresenta uma maior densidade de corrente bem como uma menor resist?ncia ? transfer?ncia de carga em altos e baixos potenciais. Por fim, com o prop?sito de avaliar o comportamento eletroqu?mico do sistema a duas dimens?es 2D, foram realizadas imagens eletroqu?micas da PAni bem como da PAni/rGO-PEG-NH2 por Microscopia Eletroquimica de Varredura (SECM, do ingl?s Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy) utilizando uma c?lula eletroqu?mica de 3 mL com quatro eletrodos. Conforme observado, a PAni/rGO-PEG-NH2 apresenta regi?es com alta densidade de corrente devido ao maior feedback positivo em compara??o ? PANI na aus?ncia do grafeno, al?m de proporcionar um transporte mais efetivo de pr?tons para dentro e para fora da matriz polim?rica; tornando assim o material bastante promissor para imobiliza??o de esp?cies com carga formal positiva. Ap?s a inser??o da HRP ao material comp?sito os estudos realizados com o biossensor resultou em uma sensibilidade de 44 ?A mM?1 e LOD de 0,31 ?M e LOQ de 0,94 ?M para a detec??o de H2O2, sendo estes valores muito superiores aos de outros trabalhos presentes na literatura e muito superior ao obtido pelo pol?mero condutor aplicado isoladamente com a enzima. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Qu?mica, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT In the present work a composite material based on polyaniline (PAni), graphene (rGO) and Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was fabricated, aiming the development of a new platform for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with high sensitivity. The graphene used in this work was produced from the reduction of graphite oxide, using a microwave oven. The graphite oxide was synthesized by the method of J. Laura Cote et al. Subsequently, the nanomaterial was chemically modified with O, O'-Bis (2 - aminoethyl) polyethylene glycol, thus producing graphene functionalized with amino groups (rGO / PEG). After this step, the composite PAni/rGO-PEG-NH2 was produced by potentiodynamic method and it was used as a substrate to fabricate a sensor for H2O2 by immobilizing the enzyme HRP over the polymer, thus producing a composite material. Electrochemical experiments were performed in an electrochemical cell for up to 10 mL, with three electrodes: Ag / AgCl was used as the reference electrode; platinum wire as the counter electrode and the working electrode was an Au electrode with an area of 0.071 cm2. Comparative studies of the redox processes of PAni and PAni/rGO-PEG-NH2, performed by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, made it clear that the composite material has a higher current density and a lower charge transfer resistance in high and low potentials. Finally, in order to evaluate the electrochemical behavior of the two dimensional (2D) system, electrochemical images were taken of PAni and PAni/rGO-PEG-NH2 by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) using an electrochemical cell with 3 mL and four electrodes. As noted, the PAni/rGO-PEG-NH2 presents regions with high current density due to the higher positive feedback compared to PAni in the absence of graphene, besides it promotes a proton transportation more effective, to the inside and the outside of the polymeric matrix. After insertion of the HRP enzyme to the composite material, the studies performed with the biosensor resulted in a sensitivity of 44 ?A mM-1, LOD 0.31 and LOQ 0.94 mM for the detection of H2O2, being these values much higher than other works found in the literature, and much higher than the one obtained with the conducting polymer used only with the enzyme.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-08T13:54:35Z No. of bitstreams: 2 ronan_cesar_godoy_costa.pdf: 465427 bytes, checksum: cebea1aefd04c8a5bcc04207e31a208c (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-08T13:56:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 ronan_cesar_godoy_costa.pdf: 465427 bytes, checksum: cebea1aefd04c8a5bcc04207e31a208c (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-08T13:55:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 ronan_cesar_godoy_costa.pdf: 465427 bytes, checksum: cebea1aefd04c8a5bcc04207e31a208c (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-08T13:56:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 ronan_cesar_godoy_costa.pdf: 465427 bytes, checksum: cebea1aefd04c8a5bcc04207e31a208c (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-08T13:56:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 ronan_cesar_godoy_costa.pdf: 465427 bytes, checksum: cebea1aefd04c8a5bcc04207e31a208c (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Objetivou-se com este trabalho refletir sobre as pol?ticas sociais no Brasil e as efetivas possibilidades de supera??o da pr?tica setorial visando a constru??o da intersetorialidade, o que, ap?s consolidado, pode promover o atendimento integral ?s demandas dos usu?rios dos servi?os p?blicos de corte social. Trata-se de uma abordagem n?o muito usual nas produ??es cient?ficas atuais sobre o tema, uma vez que o enfoque baseia-se na busca pela totalidade, rediscutindo as pol?ticas sociais e a intersetorialidade e as v?rias determina??es que incidem sobre elas ao mesmo tempo, ou seja, prop?e-se aqui um tratamento anal?tico, observando o movimento hist?rico, pol?tico, cultural e econ?mico que as conformam. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho bibliogr?fico, introduzida sob uma perspectiva cr?tico-dial?tica, onde se tornou poss?vel construir um conhecimento sobre o tema proposto inserindo-o na discuss?o sobre as formas atuais de acumula??o capitalista, a postura do Estado neoliberal e a correla??o de for?as por meio da luta de classes. Este recorte anal?tico da pesquisa proporcionou chegar ? conclus?o de que ? preciso inverter os rumos da luta de classe, a qual, mesmo considerando os avan?os conquistados pelos trabalhadores na esfera dos direitos civis, pol?ticos e sociais ao longo da hist?ria, vem se estabelecendo sob o predom?nio dos interesses burgueses. Tal embate entre as classes tamb?m envolve a estrutura??o de um sistema de prote??o social de qualidade e universal, que atenda, de fato, ?s necessidades da sociedade na sua integralidade, pois, as reflex?es realizadas, numa linha adversa, apontaram que o enfraquecimento das lutas pol?ticas impetradas pela classe trabalhadora nos ?ltimos anos acabou por estruturar pol?ticas sociais focalizadas que impossibilitam a a??o intersetorial. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Ensino em Sa?de, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT This paper aims to reflect about the social policies in Brazil and effective possibilities of overcoming of the practice sector for the construction of intersectoriality, wich, after consolidated, can promote the promotion of integral care to the demands of the users of public services of social burden. This approach is not very usual in the current scientific productions on the subject, since the approach is based on the idea of totality, revisiting the social policies and the intersectorality and the various determinations that overtake them at the same time, in other words, it is proposed here an analytical treatment observing a historical, political, cultural and economic movement that conforms them.This is a bibliographical-nature research, introduced under a critical-dialectical perspective, in which it has become possible to build a knowledge on the proposed theme inserting it into the discussion of current forms of capitalist accumulation, the posture of the new liberalism state and the correlation of forces by means of the class struggle.This analytical approach of research provided to conclude that we must reverse the course of the class struggle, which, even considering the advances made by workers in the sphere of civil, political and social changes throughout history, has been established under the dominance of bourgeois interests. This struggle also involves setting up a system of social protection and universal quality that meets, in fact, the needs of society as a whole, therefore, the considerations made in line adversely, the survey indicated that the weakening of the political struggles filed by the working class in recent years just for structuring social policies focused precluding intersectoral action.

Submitted by Raniere Barreto (raniere.barros@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-07T19:25:48Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) sandra_neres_santos.pdf: 2035812 bytes, checksum: d8607072d59b5a797fcc1096c55a4bdb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-14T14:31:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) sandra_neres_santos.pdf: 2035812 bytes, checksum: d8607072d59b5a797fcc1096c55a4bdb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-14T14:31:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) sandra_neres_santos.pdf: 2035812 bytes, checksum: d8607072d59b5a797fcc1096c55a4bdb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / O objetivo desta disserta??o ? analisar a pol?tica de sa?de, o Estado e o sistema capitalista e seu processo hist?rico. Esse processo ? resultado de lutas e conquistas realizadas pela classe trabalhadora e as contradi??es que s?o intensificadas em conson?ncia com os interesses capitalistas. Analisa-se antes e depois da institui??o da Pol?tica de Sa?de como direito por meio da Constitui??o Federal de 1988 e os reflexos atuais. Utilizou-se uma pesquisa bibliogr?fica descritiva qualitativa. As bibliografias mostram como as conquistas sociais se tornam letra morta diante do que preconiza e da efetividade desses servi?os, processo este marcado por intensas investidas neoliberais a partir da d?cada de 1990. ? reconhec?vel o avan?o legal de 1988 e outras leis que visam o aperfei?oamento. Em contrapartida, muitas s?o as ambiguidades vivenciadas, precariza??o do p?blico versus o crescente n?mero de setores privados. A sa?de ? universal, mas nem todos a acessam como lhe ? de direito, de maneira que se faz necess?ria a judicializa??o na luta pelo direito ? sa?de. Relacionar essa precariza??o dos servi?os p?blicos com a expans?o exacerbada do capitalismo indagamos para compreender o papel do Estado. O contexto da d?cada de 1990 com o processo de contrarreforma, tendencialmente fortalece essas rela??es de mercado capitalista. Eleva-se a mercantiliza??o da sa?de via planos de sa?de que s?o bem seletivos e a qualidade do acesso ? medida pelas condi??es de pagar. Nessa perspectiva, percebe-se que as contradi??es s?o inerentes e cont?nuas, a reprodu??o capitalista sempre ser? dependente do Estado burgu?s que potencializa os interesses privados em detrimento da precariza??o do p?blico, por meio de concess?es, isen??es fiscais; e parcela da popula??o que usa os servi?os privados depende dos servi?os p?blicos; ou seja, n?o h? aparta??o total dessas inst?ncias privados e p?blico. Nessa l?gica, as pol?ticas que comp?em a seguridade social s?o afetadas e se torna um arranjo. Para acessar a previd?ncia, se faz necess?ria a contribui??o estar vinculada ao mercado de trabalho, a sa?de ? universal, mas diante do discurso privado a qualidade ser? melhor se for paga e a assist?ncia social ? a pol?tica que ir? amparar e assistir ?queles que est?o fora do mercado de trabalho que, consequentemente, n?o poder? acessar a previd?ncia e essa sa?de privada, e, que, para a l?gica capitalista ? um grande aliado nesse processo de acumula??o capitalista. ? a parcela da sociedade que continuar? ? margem da cobertura dessas pol?ticas sociais, e, possivelmente, se submeter? aos ditames e condi??es desumanas na busca pela sobreviv?ncia, as quais s?o rela??es de depend?ncia criadas e mantidas pelo capitalismo. A pol?tica de sa?de tem sido uma ?rea de forte interesse para investimentos privados e os setores influentes econ?micos t?m investido em planos de sa?de, mas com aux?lio do Estado potencializador das a??es privadas, que s?o refor?adas pelos organismos internacionais, (FMI, BIRD, BM); enquanto no setor p?blico, fortalece interven??es pontuais e burocratizadas. Essa realidade se perpetua, pois, antes da institui??o legal do direito, o acesso era restrito aos que estivessem inseridos no mercado de trabalho, para algumas categorias profissionais. A historicidade dial?tica apresenta como as rela??es em sociedade est?o culturalmente impregnadas pela depend?ncia impositiva, e o sistema capitalista usa desse mecanismo para sua reprodu??o. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Tecnologia, Sa?de e Sociedade, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / The aim of this dissertation is to analyze health policy, the state and the capitalist system and its historical process. This process is the result of struggles and achievements carried out by the working class and as contradictions that are integrated in within capitalist interests. It is analyzed before and after the institution of the Health Policy as a right through the Federal Constitution of 1988 and the current reflexes. Qualitative descriptive bibliographic research was used. As bibliographies show how social achievements become irrelevant in front of what it advocates and the effectiveness of services, a process marked by intense neo-liberal efforts since 1990. It is recognized as legal progress of 1988 and other laws focus on improvement. In contrast, many are like experienced ambiguities, public precariousness versus the growing number of private sectors. Health is universal, but not everyone is approached as the right, in the way that a judicialization is necessary in the fight for the right to health. To relate this precariousness of public services with an exacerbated expansion of capitalism, we inquire into the paper document. The context of the 1990s with the process of counter-reform tends to strengthen these capitalist market relations. The commodification of health is raised through health plans that are very selective and a quality of access is measured by the conditions of payment. In this perspective, it is perceived that as contradictions are inherent and continuous, capitalist reproduction will always be dependent on the bourgeois state that potentialize private interests to the detriment of the precariousness of the public, through concessions, tax exemptions; And part of the population that uses private services depending on public services; That is, there is no total apportionment of private and public instances. In this logic, as policies that make up social security are affected and becomes an arrangement. To access social security, if a guarantee is needed for the labor market, a health and universal, but before the private speech, a better quality and better if to pay and social assistance is a policy that will support and watch what? Labor market that, consequently, we cannot access private pension and health, and that, for capitalist logic and a great ally in the process of capitalist accumulation. It is a part of society that continues with the margin of cover, is likely to submit to the dictates and inhuman conditions in the quest for survival, as are dependency relations created and maintained by capitalism. A health policy has a strong area of interest for private investors and the influential economic sectors that have invested in health plans, but with the aid of the State, which is reinforced by the international organizations (IMF, IBRD, WB); While in the public sector, it strengthens punctual and bureaucratic interventions. This reality is perpetuated, because before the legal institution of law, access was restricted to those who were included in the labor market, for some professional categories. A dialectical historicity shows how relations in society are culturally impregnated by tax dependence, and the capitalist system uses that mechanism for its reproduction.

Dans les cellules eucaryotes, la biogenèse des ribosomes débute par la transcription des unités répétées d'ADN ribosomique (ADNr) par l'ARN polymérase I (Pol I). Ce processus génère un transcrit primaire (pré-ARNr), qui contient les séquences correspondant aux ARNr matures 18S, 5.8S et 25S. Le quatrième ARNr (5S) est transcrit indépendamment par Pol III. Le pré-ARNr s'associe de manière co-transcriptionnelle avec des protéines ribosomiques et de nombreux facteurs de maturation pour former une grande particule pré-ribosomique précoce appelée " particule 90S ". Cette particule précoce subit des étapes complexes de maturation générant les particules pré-40S et pré-60S à l'origine des deux sous-unités ribosomiques matures. Une partie de mes travaux de thèse a consisté en l'étude de l'hétérodimère Rpf2-Rrs1 chez la levure. Cet hétérodimère est connu pour son rôle essentiel dans le recrutement au sein des pré-ribosomes de la RNP 5S, une particule contenant l'ARNr 5S associé aux protéines ribosomiques RpL5 et RpL11. Nous avons révélé que Rpf2 et Rrs1 interagissent avec la chromatine de l'ADNr par des expériences d'immunoprécipitation de chromatine (ChIP) et que cette interaction ne dépend pas de l'intégrité des particules pré-ribosomiques. De plus, Rpf2 et Rrs1 interagissent avec des sous-unités de la Pol I et avec plusieurs facteurs associés à la chromatine de l'ADNr in vivo. Ces données suggèrent que le complexe Rpf2-Rrs1 est impliqué dans la régulation de la transcription Pol I en plus de sa fonction dans l'assemblage des pré-ribosomes. Nous avons observé par des expériences d'étalements de Miller que la perte d'expression de Rpf2 et Rrs1 est corrélée avec de fortes perturbations dans l'organisation des unités d'ADNr. Grâce à des expériences de " run-on ", une technique permettant d'évaluer la présence de Pol I actives sur l'ADNr in vivo, j'ai pu montrer par ailleurs que la perte d'expression de Rpf2 et Rrs1 affecte fortement le niveau de transcription Pol I. Des expériences complémentaires suggèrent que le complexe Rpf2-Rrs1 semble être présent sur l'ADNr en absence de transcription Pol I et a la capacité d'interagir directement avec l'ARN Pol I purifiée in vitro. Ces résultats suggèrent que le complexe Rpf2-Rrs1 joue un rôle crucial dans la coordination fonctionnelle entre transcription de l'ADNr et assemblage des particules pré-ribosomiques chez la levure. Une autre partie de mes travaux de thèse a porté sur l'étude de l'hélicase Prp43p. Prp43p est une hélicase à boite DEAH impliquée à la fois dans la synthèse des ribosomes et dans l'épissage des pré-ARNm. Cette hélicase interagit avec des protéines à domaine G-patch qui stimulent son activité enzymatique in vitro par un mécanisme inconnu. Durant ma thèse, nous avons pu montrer que l'activation de Prp43 par des protéines à domaine G-patch semble être en lien avec le mode unique de liaison de l'ATP par cette famille d'hélicases. Des données structurales indiquent que la base purique de la molécule d'ATP est empilée entre l'arginine 159 (R159) du domaine RecA1 et la phénylalanine 357 (F357) du domaine RecA2 dans le site actif de Prp43. L'étude in vitro d'un mutant de Prp43 portant une substitution du résidu F357 en alanine (F357A), nous a permis de montrer que l'absence de l'empilement de la base de l'ATP avec le résidu F357 découple les activités ATPase et hélicase de Prp43. En revanche, la substitution du résidu R159 en alanine affecte à la fois les activités ATPase et hélicase de l'enzyme. Nous avons observé par ailleurs que le mutant R159A induit le même phénotype que celui résultant de l'absence de la protéine Gno1, un des partenaires à domaine G-patch de Prp43. Ce résultat suggère fortement que les défauts de maturation observés en l'absence de Gno1 résultent d'un défaut d'activation de l'activité hélicase de Prp43. Ainsi l'empilement de la base nucléotidique entre les résidus F357 et R159 parait important pour l'activité et la régulation de cette famille d'hélicases. / In eukaryotic cells, ribosome synthesis begins with the transcription of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) by RNA polymerase I (Pol I). This process generates a primary transcript (pre-rRNA), containing the sequences corresponding to the mature 18S, 5.8S and 25S rRNAs. The fourth rRNA (5S) is transcribed independently by RNA Pol III. The pre-rRNA associates co-transcriptionally with some ribosomal proteins and many maturation factors to generate a large initial pre-ribosomal particle called the 90S particle. This particle undergoes a complex maturation process generating the pre-40S and pre-60S particles that will generate the mature ribosomal subunits. The first part of my thesis work consisted in the study of the Rpf2-Rrs1 heterodimer in yeast. This heterodimer is known to be essential for the maturation of pre-60S particles through the recruitment of the 5S RNP, a module containing the 5S rRNA associated to ribosomal proteins RpL5 and RpL11. We showed that Rpf2 and Rrs1 interact with rDNA chromatin using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments and that this interaction does not depend on the integrity of the pre-ribosomal particles. Moreover, both Rpf2 and Rrs1 interact with Pol I subunits and with several rDNA chromatin-associated factors in vivo. These data suggest a function of the Rpf2-Rrs1 heterodimer in the regulation of Pol I transcription in addition to its role in the maturation of pre-60S particles. Interestingly, we observed using Miller spread experiments that loss of expression of Rpf2 or Rrs1 is correlated with strong perturbations in the organization of rDNA units. Using the "run-on" experiment, a technique allowing to determine the occupancy of active polymerases on the rDNA units, I further showed that loss of expression of Rpf2 or Rrs1 strongly affects Pol I transcription in yeast cells. Additional experiments suggest that the Rpf2-Rrs1 complex is present on rDNA units in absence of Pol I transcription in vivo and interacts with purified Pol I in vitro. These data strongly suggest that the Rpf2-Rrs1 heterodimer is a prime candidate to plays a crucial role in the functional coupling between rDNA transcription and pre-ribosome assembly in yeast cells. The second part of my thesis work focused on the study of the Prp43 helicase in yeast. Prp43 is a helicase from the DEAH/RHA family required for both the synthesis of ribosomes and the splicing of pre-mRNAs. Prp43 interacts with G-patch domain-containing proteins which activate its enzymatic activity in vitro by an unknown mechanism. During my thesis, we showed that the activation of Prp43 by G-patch proteins seems to be linked to the unique nucleotide binding mode of this helicase family. Previous structural data showed that the base of the ATP molecule is stacked between two residues, R159 of the RecA1 domain and F357 of the RecA2 domain in the active site of Prp43. The in vitro study of a Prp43 mutant bearing a substitution of F357 to an alanine (F357A) showed that the lack of stacking of the nucleotide base to the F357 residue uncouples the NTPase and helicase activities of Prp43 in vitro. In contrast the substitution of R159 to an alanine (R159A) reduced both the ATPase and helicase activities of the enzyme. We observed in addition that the Prp43 R159A mutation induces the same phenotype as the one resulting from the absence of Gno1, one of the G-patch domain-containing partners of Prp43. This result strongly suggests that the processing defects observed in the absence of Gno1 result from a failure to activate the Prp43 helicase. Overall we propose that the stacking of the ATP base between residues R159 and F357 is important for the activity and regulation of this helicase family.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineAMG.pdf: 269619 bytes, checksum: 320bd08aec4bf9b63b1c7c24ed004748 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-04-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The present study aims at making a theoretically reflection about the reconstruction process of democracy that can be observed in the country since the opening political process, which took place with the Geisel?s government in 1974, passing through the first civil president, in 1985, the Constitution process, in 1986, and finally the Constitution promulgation in 1988. It interests to this study analyses the premise that the 1988 Constitution inaugurates the moment in which democracy starts to be reconstructed in the country, and that this reconstruction is made in such a brand new way, once it included the possibility of participation of the civil society in the deliberation of the public politics, what became possible with the creation of new spaces of a gestion shared by the three executive powers: federal; states; municipalities, and with the civil society, in the councils created in those spheres. In this way, this work wishes to focus the opening process to the civil society participation, wich became possible with the creation of the city councils of public politics. It?s about investigating the form in wich the relations set up in these hibrid spaces could be considered democratic, inclusive and promoters of effective participation, checking up tendencies, giving emphasis to regularities and some specifities encountered in the forms of participation, which have been observed in those councils. In order to comprehend the democratic process in construction in the country, the analysis of the relations established by the civil society and the local executive power in the obligatory municipal councils is taken as object of study, passing by the tensions wich evolves institutions and political practices, permeated by the local political culture. It starts from a briefly review of works already made on the subject / O presente trabalho pretende refletir teoricamente a respeito do processo de reconstru??o da democracia que podemos observar no pa?s, a partir, inicialmente, do processo de abertura pol?tica que tem in?cio no governo Geisel em 1974, prolongando-se com o primeiro presidente civil em 1985, pela Constituinte de 1986 e pela promulga??o da Constitui??o de 1988. Interessa ao trabalho analisar que a Constitui??o de 1988 inaugura o momento em que a democracia come?a se reconstruir no pa?s, e esta reconstru??o se d? de modo inovador, ao prever a inser??o da sociedade civil na delibera??o das pol?ticas p?blicas, com a cria??o de espa?os de gest?o compartilhada entre os executivos federal, estadual e municipal, e ? sociedade civil, nos conselhos gestores federais, estaduais e municipais. Neste sentido, o trabalho tem como preocupa??o focalizar o processo de abertura ? participa??o da sociedade civil que ocorre com a cria??o dos conselhos gestores municipais de pol?ticas p?blicas. Trata-se de investigar o formato em que, na pr?tica, as rela??es estabelecidas nesses espa?os h?bridos possam ser consideradas, enquanto democr?ticas, inclusivas e promotoras de uma participa??o efetiva, analisando tend?ncias, dando ?nfase ?s regularidades e algumas das especificidades encontradas nos formatos de participa??o, que se tem observado nestes conselhos. A fim de realizar o exerc?cio de compreens?o a respeito da democracia que se coloca em constru??o no pa?s, toma-se como objeto de estudo, a an?lise das rela??es estabelecidas entre sociedade civil e executivo local, nos conselhos gestores municipais obrigat?rios, passando pelas tens?es que envolvem institui??es e pr?ticas pol?ticas, permeadas pela cultura pol?tica local. Parte-se de um breve balan?o de disserta??es produzidas a cerca do presente tema

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-09T23:53:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SandroEugenioTavaresDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 9198530 bytes, checksum: 4984d9bd91d9c6408e4725eebec651a1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-14T22:47:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SandroEugenioTavaresDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 9198530 bytes, checksum: 4984d9bd91d9c6408e4725eebec651a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-14T22:47:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SandroEugenioTavaresDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 9198530 bytes, checksum: 4984d9bd91d9c6408e4725eebec651a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-06 / A Igreja Evang?lica ? uma das institui??es que se apresenta como um grupo que se prop?e a ser mediador entre a sociedade, o Estado e o pr?prio pa?s. Entretanto a pr?tica pol?tica dentro das Igrejas tem sido de certa feita autorit?ria, manipuladora e intolerante e perceberemos esta realidade na an?lise deste trabalho. Mesmo compreendendo que a Igreja, como institui??o, tem formado uma opini?o sobre o que ? certo ou errado nas suas comunidades enquanto institui??o social, ? poss?vel observar na sociedade contempor?nea uma crescente ocupa??o religiosa da esfera p?blica e em todos os segmentos da sociedade brasileira a presen?a de evang?licos. Um dos desafios ? a discuss?o das pr?ticas crist?s evang?licas quando a apropria??o do mandato legitimado pelo voto acontece, qual ? a a??o real dos ?pol?ticos de crist?os?? Quais as contribui??es sociais para recuperar pessoas, lugares e cidades? Qual a compet?ncia em trabalhar em prol do outro promovendo conquistas na sa?de, emprego, seguran?a, educa??o? O prop?sito desta disserta??o ? contribuir para o questionamento da l?gica vigente e da constru??o prevalecente dos ide?rios crist?os na pol?tica. Desenvolver uma investiga??o tomando como refer?ncia a aus?ncia de um estudo sobre a atividade dos vereadores evang?licos de Natal durante o per?odo de 2004 -2008, para que se possa atribuir um julgamento de valor com base em informa??es das a??es dos vereadores evang?licos na C?mara Municipal de Natal. / The Evangelical Church is an institution that presents itself as a group that aims to be a mediator between society, the state and the country itself. However political practice within the churches have been somewhat taken authoritarian, manipulative, intolerant and realize this reality in the analysis of this work. While understanding that the Church as an institution has formed an opinion about what is right and wrong in their communities as a social institution can be seen in contemporary society growing religious occupation of the public sphere and in all segments of Brazilian society the presence of evangelicals. One of the challenges is the discussion of the practices of Christ when the ownership of the mandate legitimized by the vote happens, what real action is the "Christ policy"? What social contributions to retrieve people, places and cities? What is the competence to work towards promoting the other gains in health, employment, security, education? The purpose of this dissertation is to contribute to the questioning of the current logic and prevailing construction of Christian ideals in politics. Develop an investigation by reference to the absence of a study on the activity of the evangelical councilors Christmas during the period 2004 -2008, order to be able assign a value judgment based on information of projects that every evangelical councilor exercised during the 15th Legislature, occasion that the City Council received the highest representation of evangelical councilors in its history.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-06-02T19:56:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VanessaRafaelaCruzMouraBarbalho_DISSERT.pdf: 1247326 bytes, checksum: 7db15d8968d99a688df81e3095aa1c89 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-06-06T21:13:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 VanessaRafaelaCruzMouraBarbalho_DISSERT.pdf: 1247326 bytes, checksum: 7db15d8968d99a688df81e3095aa1c89 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-06T21:13:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VanessaRafaelaCruzMouraBarbalho_DISSERT.pdf: 1247326 bytes, checksum: 7db15d8968d99a688df81e3095aa1c89 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-02 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A atividade industrial vem aumentando os n?veis de metais pesados nos ecossistemas aqu?ticos naturais. Esses metais s?o provenientes de atividades como a minera??o, ind?strias de galvanoplastia, e do despejo de efluentes dom?sticos. Por?m, nos ?ltimos anos houve um aumento consider?vel no grau de conscientiza??o da sociedade quanto aos efeitos desastrosos dos descartes de efluentes industriais contaminados com metais pesados no meio ambiente, impulsionando as pesquisas para encontrar t?cnicas de descontamina??o para garantir a adequa??o ambiental dos despejos t?xicos. Dentro deste contexto, a presente disserta??o tem como objetivo avaliar a efici?ncia na utiliza??o de pol?meros ani?nicos a base de acrilamida para remo??o do Cd2+ de um efluente sint?tico, utilizando um m?todo de remo??o de metais por dissolubiliza??o seguida de flocula??o/filtra??o. Foram utilizados os pol?meros AN 977 SH, AN 934 SH e AN 905 SH, que apresentam anionicidades diferentes. Os par?metros temperatura do meio, pH da solu??o e concentra??o dos pol?meros foram avaliados. A solu??o do metal a 100 ppm foi adicionada ? solu??o do pol?mero a 1000 ppm, mantendo-se o volume da solu??o de c?tion met?lico constante e o volume da solu??o de pol?mero variando, com o objetivo de obter concentra??es diferentes em cada amostra. Ap?s o per?odo de 5 minutos sob agita??o, ocorreu a flocula??o e em seguida filtra??o do efluente. O filtrado foi analisado no espectrofot?metro de absor??o at?mica, permitindo avaliar a percentagem de remo??o dos ?ons c?dmio. A a??o da varia??o do pH do meio afeta diretamente o processo de adsor??o, enquanto que a temperatura tem resultados menos significativos. Os pol?meros usados mostraram-se eficientes na remo??o do c?dmio, por?m em decorr?ncia das cargas i?nicas diferentes levam a percentuais de remo??o variados, resultado da intera??o entre os ?ons met?licos e a cadeia polim?rica. Analisando o percentual de remo??o dos ?ons c?dmio quando se tem a temperatura variando, o pol?mero AN 905 SH foi o que apresentou melhores resultados, por?m quando se tem a varia??o dos valores de pH para as condi??es destes ensaios o maior benefici?rio foi o pol?mero AN 977 SH devido possuir maior carga i?nica, aliado a varia??o do pH que teve altos percentuais de remo??o sem qualquer adi??o dos pol?meros, devido ao efeito da precipita??o do metal na forma de hidr?xidos. Os resultados obtidos nesta disserta??o mostraram que ? poss?vel aplicar esses pol?meros no tratamento de efluentes contendo metais pesados. / Industrial activity has been increasing heavy metal levels in natural aquatic ecosystems. These metals come from activities such as mining, electroplating industries, and the disposal of domestic effluents. However, in recent years there has been a considerable increase in the society's awareness of the disastrous effects of discards of industrial effluents contaminated with heavy metals in the environment, impelling research to find decontamination techniques to ensure the environmental suitability of toxic waste. In this context, the present dissertation aims to evaluate the efficiency of the use of acrylamide based anionic polymers to remove Cd2+ from a synthetic effluent using a method of removal of metals by dissolubilization followed by flocculation / filtration. Polymer AN 977 SH, AN 934 SH and AN 905 SH, which presented different anionicities, were used. The parameters mean temperature, solution pH and polymer concentration were evaluated. The 100 ppm metal solution was added to the polymer solution at 1000 ppm, keeping the volume of the metal cation solution constant and the volume of the polymer solution varying, in order to obtain different concentrations in each sample. After the 5 minutes period under stirring, flocculation occurred and then filtration of the effluent. The filtrate was analyzed in the atomic absorption spectrophotometer, allowing to evaluate the percentage removal of cadmium ions. The action of pH variation on the medium directly affects the adsorption process, while the temperature has less significant results. The polymers used proved to be efficient in the removal of cadmium, but due to the different ionic charges, lead to varying percentages of removal, resulting from the interaction between the metal ions and the polymer chain. Analyzing the percentage of removal of the cadmium ions when the temperature has changed, the polymer AN 905 SH was the one that presented better results, however when the variation of the values of pH for the conditions of these tests the greater beneficiary was the polymer AN 977 SH due to having higher ionic charge, together with pH variation that had high removal percentages without any addition of the polymers due to the precipitation effect of the metal in the form of hydroxides. The results obtained in this dissertation showed that it is possible to apply these polymers in the treatment of effluents containing heavy metals.