O objeto de estudo desta pesquisa foi à bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão do Cipó, manancial do Município de Poços de Caldas em Minas Gerais, com os seguintes objetivos: (I) Caracterizar o atual uso e ocupação do solo da bacia hidrográfica; (II) Avaliar a Disposição a Pagar da população poços caldense pelos Serviços Ambientais providos pela bacia hidrográfica; (III) Estabelecer e simular cenários econômicos hipotéticos de Pagamento pelos Serviços Ambientais providos pela bacia hidrográfica; (IV) Avaliar a viabilidade econômica de implantar o Pagamento por Serviço Ambiental no município. A partir da organização, interpretação e manipulação em ambiente Sistema de Informação Geográfica de imagens do satélite Landsat P6 do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa Espacial – INPE referentes ao dia 01/09/2013, foi possível caracterizar e medir, em hectares, os principais usos e ocupação das terras da bacia em estudo. Através de uma amostragem estatística da população de 151.449 habitantes da cidade, selecionadas aleatoriamente nas sete áreas de ponderação estabelecidas pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE e utilizadas no Plano Diretor da cidade, 335 entrevistas diretas foram realizadas com a população tendo como base um questionário com 14 perguntas as quais abordaram características socioeconômicas, aspectos ambientais e a disposição a pagar pelos serviços ambientais. Cenários econômicos hipotéticos foram elaborados para que fosse possível confrontar os valores obtidos com pagamento pelo Serviço Ambiental pelo Custo de Oportunidade econômica dos proprietários, permitindo, assim uma avaliação de viabilidade econômica. Os resultados obtidos foram os seguintes: (I) dos 7.752 hectares de área da bacia hidrográfica, destaca-se: 30,2% mata nativa, 29,3% solo exposto, 23,8% cultivo de Eucalipto, 4,9% de água no reservatório e corpos d’água; (II) 54% da população esta disposta a pagar pelos serviços ambientais com uma disposição econômica média de R$ 6,43. (III) Os cenários econômicos (1) e (3) ficam abaixo do custo de oportunidade enquanto que os Cenários (2) e (4) apresentam uma atratividade por incorporarem o custo de oportunidade dos proprietários. (IV) Por fim, são apresentadas as conclusões sobre a viabilidade econômica de implantar o Pagamento por Serviço Ambiental na bacia do ribeirão do Cipó, com objetivo de internalizar as externalidades positivas dos Serviços Ambientais do manancial, para proteção e garantia da provisão de água para o município no médio e longo prazo. / The object of this research was the Cipo River watershed, strategic water source of Pocos de Caldas city in Minas Gerais state, with the following objectives: (I) characterize the current land use and occupation of the watershed; (II) Assess Willingness to Pay- WTP from the Pocos de Caldas’ population for Environmental Services- ES provided by the watershed; (III) Establishing and simulate hypothetical economic scenarios for Payment for Environmental Services; (IV) Evaluate the economic feasibility of deploying the PSE in the municipality. From the organization, interpretation and manipulation in Geographic Information System- GIS from images of Landsat satellite P6 of INPE - National Institute for Space Research regarding the day 09/01/2013, it was possible to characterize and measure in hectares the main uses and occupation of the lands for watershed. Through a statistical sample of the population of 151,449 inhabitants of the city, selected randomly in seven Weighting Areas-WA established by IBGE and based in the Master Plan for the city, 335 direct interviews were conducted with the population based on a questionnaire with 14 questions that addressed socioeconomic characteristics, environmental aspects and the WTP for ES. Thus, (4) four hypothetical economic scenarios were developed to confront the values ??obtained with the PSE face the Economic Opportunity Cost of the owners allowing an evaluation of economic viability. The results obtained were as follows: (I) of the 7,752 hectares of the watershed area, stands out: 30.2% native vegetation, exposed soil 29.3%, 23.8% cultivation of Eucalyptus, 4.9% of water in the reservoir and water bodies; (II) 54% of the population is willing to pay for ES with an average WTP of R$ 6.43. (III) The economic scenarios (1) and (3) are below the Opportunity Cost while the scenarios (2) and (4) present an appeal by incorporating the opportunity cost of the owners. (IV) Finally, conclusions about the economic feasibility of deploying PSE in Cipo River watershed basin in order to internalize the positive externalities of the ES from the water source for the protection and assurance of water supply for the city in the medium and long term.

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa) is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world. Second only to lung cancer, the key to its successful treatment is in its early detection. With the introduction of prostate-specific antigen in the early 1990s, a screening test involving measuring levels of this protein was developed to detect PCa in asymptomatic individuals. This test is also known as the PSA test. PCa-specific mortalities have been in decline since the test's introduction. Despite this decline, recent studies have called the efficacy of the PSA test into question. Two large randomized controlled trials conducted in the US and Europe reveal contradicting results as to PSA's accuracy and usefulness. Concerns of overdiagnosis and overtreatment as the result of using PSA screening has led to many national organizations recommending caution or even recommending against its use. Through a thorough review of a large collection of current PCa literature, this study reviews the flaws of using PSA to screen for PCa and investigates alternative approaches currently being pursued through active research to make PCa early detection more accurate. These approaches include improving the accuracy of the PSA screen using PSA-derived testing methods, using PCa-induced epigenetic modifications as a new target for PCa screening, and using urine biomarkers. All of these methods were compared using area under the curve (AUC) values obtained via receiver operating characteristic analysis. Each method has its own flaws but by comparing each of the different approaches, I was able to conclude that out of the currently available screening methods, screening for Engrailed-2 protein in urine is the most promising screening method with the highest AUC values compared to the other methods. Although this method has been introduced in the UK, it has not been introduced in the US yet. Epigenetic screening methods hold the most promise for accurate PCa screening in the future as it confers the highest accuracy in detecting PCa. However, as it hasn't been shown that epigenetic modifications can be easily obtained in the urine or blood serum for easy and accurate screening, I believe more work has to be done in order for it to be successful in being applied as a screening test. By determining the most promising screening type, we can focus resources and efforts towards finding a way to detect PCa early, allowing for successful treatment.

The main purpose of this research is to find an effective way to personalise information searching on the Internet using middleware search agents, namely, Personalised Search Agents (PSA). The PSA acts between users and search engines, and applies new and existing techniques to mine and exploit relevant and personalised information for users. Much research has already been done in developing personalising filters, as a middleware technique which can act between user and search engines to deliver more personalised results. These personalising filters, apply one or more of the popular techniques for search result personalisation, such as the category concept, learning from user actions and using metasearch engines. By developing the PSA, these techniques have been investigated and incorporated to create an effective middleware agent for web search personalisation. In this thesis, a conceptual model for the Personalised Search Agent is developed, implemented by developing a prototype and benchmarked the prototype against existing web search practices. System development methodology which has flexible and iterative procedures that switch between conceptual design and prototype development was adopted as the research methodology. In the conceptual model of the PSA, a multi-layer client server architecture is used by applying generalisation-specialisation features. The client and the server are structurally the same, but differ in the level of generalisation and interface. The client handles personalising information regarding one user whereas the server effectively combines the personalising information of all the clients (i.e. its users) to generate a global profile. Both client and server apply the category concept where user selected URLs are mapped against categories. The PSA learns the user relevant URLs both by requesting explicit feedback and by implicitly capturing user actions (for instance the active time spent by the user on a URL). The PSA also employs a keyword-generating algorithm, and tries different combinations of words in a user search string by effectively combining them with the relevant category values. The core functionalities of the conceptual model for the PSA, were implemented in a prototype, used to test the ideas in the real word. The result was benchmarked with the results from existing search engines to determine the efficiency of the PSA over conventional searching. A comparison of the test results revealed that the PSA is more effective and efficient in finding relevant and personalised results for individual users and possesses a unique user sense rather than the general user sense of traditional search engines. The PSA, is a novel architecture and contributes to the domain of knowledge web information searching, by delivering new ideas such as active time based user relevancy calculations, automatic generation of sensible search keyword combinations and the implementation of a multi-layer agent architecture. Moreover, the PSA has high potential for future extensions as well. Because it captures highly personalised data, data mining techniques which employ case-based reasoning make the PSA a more responsive, more accurate and more effective tool for personalised information searching.

Nous avons étudié les propriétés d'adhésion et de déformation de films de polymères adhésifs préparés à partir de particules de latex nanostructurées. Une méthodologie basée sur deux critères rhéologiques et applicable à tout type de PSA a été proposée pour optimiser les performances adhésives. Elle nous a permis d'identifier des stratégies permettant d'améliorer le compromis entre propriétés adhésives et cohésives dans le cas particulier de PSA préparés à partir de particules de latex ayant une morphologie cœur-écorce. Une stratégie intéressante est l'activation d'une réaction de réticulation interparticule pendant le séchage du latex. Nous avons fait varier l'hétérogénéité du réseau tout en gardant constante la composition en monomères. Nous avons montré l'effet remarquable de cette réaction de réticulation sur les propriétés en grandes déformations de nos matériaux. Ces propriétés sont assez bien décrites par un modèle non-linéaire combinant le modèle de Maxwell sur convecté et le modèle de Gent. Les meilleurs résultats d'adhésion sont obtenus pour des matériaux caractérisés par un net ramollissement à déformations intermédiaires suivi d'un rhéodurcissement. Ce comportement est notamment obtenu pour des PSA préparés à partir de particules de latex ayant une fine écorce assez réticulée et un cœur très mou. Dans un registre plus industriel, des performances adhésives prometteuses ont été obtenues avec des PSA préparés à partir de latex tackifiés in situ synthétisés par polymérisation en miniémulsion.

Familial aggregation of prostate cancer has been demonstrated in studies conducted in a number of countries prior to the widespread adoption of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing for prostate cancer detection. PSA testing leads to over-diagnosis of asymptomatic disease that may not have become clinically significant within a man’s normal lifetime. This increase in the number of asymptomatic men diagnosed might alter the magnitude of familial risk estimates and the importance of a prostate cancer family history. (For complete abstract open document)

History of peaceful use of nuclear energy, despite of all necessary emphasis on operation safety, is accompanied by a series of accidents, some of which left indelible trace in minds of wide public and so led to changes in the comprehension of nuclear safety and in the access to its preservation. Because the consequences of possible nuclear power plant accident have always serious social impacts, it is most desirable to define all possibly risks, to quantify probability of their formation and in this way to gain the possibility to prevent them effectively and efficiently. This work is dedicated to approve or to disapprove that the KARS method is practically applicable for evaluation of nuclear power station operation safety. The work objective is to evaluate events and risks associated with the operation of a particular nuclear facility by the KARS method and critically evaluate obtained results and the used method as such. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. Theoretical part includes basic information necessary for correct understanding of the chosen data processing procedure and subsequent interpretation of the gained results. A brief overview of basic concepts relating to the nuclear safety, the safety culture and the emergency preparedness, including their definitions is given in this section of the work. For the evaluation of obtained results it is useful to make familiar with basic concepts of the NPP safety evaluation, PSA and the stress tests. Obviously, it is necessary to describe the KARS method and to define the concept of quality of human performance with regard to the obtained results. The risk analysis by the KARS method was carried out in the four consecutive steps: 1. Data collection for the risk analysis. 2. Data processing by the use of the KARS method. 3. Interpretation of the obtained results. 4. Comparison of the obtained results with the available data. The particular risks for the construction of the risk correlation table were based on the analysis of activities of individual members of the emergency and technical support center on the basis of managing documentation for each function. In the emergency instructions these risks are either named or the action to manage them are determined. Subsequently these risks are further more specify according to the operational documentation used for solving abnormal and emergency conditions or solving of severe accidents. Determination of the risk correlation seems to be subjective and requires a considerable degree of professional insight into the analyzed issues. The risk analysis was processed according to the procedure that was laid down by Ing. Stefan Pacinda, Ph.D. Each risk taken into consideration in this analysis is briefly described within the interpretation of obtained results. The coefficients of activity with the biggest value were found for these risks: human error, earthquake, plane crash, terrorist threat, errors in operating and managing documentation and fire. The coefficients of passivity with the biggest value were found for these risks: human failure, serious damage to health, ecological disaster, components malfunctions, radiation accident, nuclear material integrity damage and control system malfunctions. Comparison of the risks that were postulated in the stress tests and the risks that were considered in this analysis indicate that the ETE NPP emergency response was prepared to be able to cope these risks. Results of this analysis showed that the essential element for the safe operation of nuclear power plants is qualified, well selected and systematically trained staff. In light of the experience acquired during elaboration of this work I have concluded that the KARS method can be used for nuclear safety evaluation only in a limited way.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-29T11:12:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_7442_Dissertação Final - Sandra Helena Gonçalves Rocha.pdf: 1922344 bytes, checksum: 6f0a0acd2a19adb433aa16e39f7335c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-18 / A presente dissertação aborda o tema do desenvolvimento sustentável, com ênfase nas recentes determinações legais e programas emanados do governo federal, para adoção de práticas sustentáveis pela administração pública. Nesse contexto, o trabalho objetivou identificar as principais ações de gestão ambiental da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, a partir de informações fornecidas pelas instâncias administrativas responsáveis por essa função, além de analisar possibilidades de desenvolvimento de mecanismos inspirados na abordagem de Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais - PSA, para incentivo a práticas sustentáveis na UFES utilizando sua matriz orçamentária. Quanto à metodologia, foi realizado um estudo de caso, com abordagem qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, empregandose, como procedimentos técnicos de coleta de dados, entrevistas semiestruturadas e análise documental. As informações examinadas revelaram a necessidade de aperfeiçoamento da gestão da sustentabilidade na UFES, alinhadas com as ações do governo federal e com o papel de referência das IES na promoção social do desenvolvimento sustentável. Para isso, formulou-se como plano de intervenção, a criação de um “Fator de Incentivo à Sustentabilidade – F.I.S.”, instrumento estratégico de gestão sustentável, inspirado no PSA, a ser utilizado no contexto da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo / This dissertation addresses the issue of sustainable development, with emphasis on recent legal determination and programs emanating from the federal government for adoption of sustainable practices by government. In this context, the study aimed to identify key actions for environmental management of the Federal University of Espírito Santo, from information provided by the administrative bodies responsible for this function, and to analyze possibilities of developing mechanisms inspired in the Environmental Services Payment - PSA approach to encouraging UFES using sustainable practices in their budget matrix. As for the methodology, a case study was carried out with a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory approach, using as technical procedures of data collection, semi-structured interviews and document analysis. The information analyzed revealed the need to improve the management of sustainability in UFES, according to the actions of the federal government and the reference role of higher education institutions in the social promotion of sustainable development. For this, was formulated as an intervention plan, "Factor Incentive Sustainability - FIS" strategic tool for sustainable management, inspired by the PSA, to be used in the context of the Federal University of Espirito Santo

Submitted by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-03-27T15:12:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação_Amaury O. Pio Junior.pdf: 2560693 bytes, checksum: d9d64d08efd20ddb4af66fdf8e8a3a23 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-03-27T15:12:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação_Amaury O. Pio Junior.pdf: 2560693 bytes, checksum: d9d64d08efd20ddb4af66fdf8e8a3a23 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-27T15:12:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação_Amaury O. Pio Junior.pdf: 2560693 bytes, checksum: d9d64d08efd20ddb4af66fdf8e8a3a23 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-15 / This thesis aims to analyze the process of Workforce Movement's emergence and elaboration in Amazonas in early 1930s. This period was characterized by the rise of Getulio Vargas as president of the provisional Government. Amazonas, in this context, lived the reordering of its political forces. The fading of the oligarchic system, gave oppotunity to the projection of a new regional political leadership of Vargas' projects. At the same time, we were living important changes in the relationship between governments and unions, indicated by the foundation of the Ministry of Labor, Industry and Commerce in late 1930. Since then, the union movement becomes better observed by some political leaders who, in Amazonas, came to align themselves with this segment, and in some cases, acted as agents of Vargas policy with workers' organizations. In this context, some leaders such as Álvaro Botelho Maia and Luís Tirelli begin to stand out in the local political context. The Partido Socialista Amazonense (PSA) and the Partido Trabalhista Amazonense (PTA) respectively, their performances were extremely important in aggregating the main political forces of that period in Amazonas. Their performances in the elections of 1933, 1934 and 1935 highlighted as political party agents, at first in antagonistic positions, and then, under one party - Partido Popular Amazonense - (PPA) - became allies of the Getulio Vargas' proposals. In this scenario, Tribuna Popular newspaper's foundation, first as the PTA disclosure institution and subsequently linked to the PPA, is revealed as an important information source in that period, and the aforementioned party leaders. Its periodicity between 1933 and 1936, not only allows to build the constitution of the political Amazonas profile, but also alert us to their other function, which was to offer itself as a place for the labor proposals draft their proposals, concerns and discussions about some of the people involved in the workforce and trade union world at that time. / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar o processo de surgimento e gestação do Movimento Trabalhista no Estado do Amazonas, por volta da primeira metade da década de 1930. Esse período seria caracterizado pelos desdobramentos, em todo país, da ascensão de Getúlio Vargas como presidente do então Governo Provisório. O Amazonas, sob tal contexto, assistiria ao reordenamento de suas forças políticas. O enfraquecimento do sistema oligárquico oportunizaria a projeção de novas lideranças políticas regionais que, naquele momento, colocavam-se à disposição dos projetos pretendidos por Vargas. Ao mesmo tempo, vivenciaríamos ali importantes transformações nas relações entre governos e sindicatos, indicadas pela criação do Ministério do Trabalho, Indústria e Comércio em fins de 1930. A partir de então, o movimento sindical passa a ser melhor observado por algumas lideranças políticas que, no caso do Amazonas, alinham-se com esse segmento, chegando, em alguns casos, a atuarem como agentes da política varguista junto às organizações de trabalhadores. Nesse contexto, algumas lideranças como Álvaro Botelho Maia e Luís Tirelli passam a destacar-se no quadro político local. À frente do Partido Socialista Amazonense (PSA) e do Partido Trabalhista Amazonense (PTA), respectivamente, suas atuações foram fundamentais em agregarem em torno de si as principais forças políticas daquele período no Estado. Seus desempenhos nos processos eleitorais de 1933, 1934 e 1935 destacaram-nos enquanto agentes político-partidários, num primeiro momento em posições antagônicas para, logo em seguida, sob uma única legenda – o Partido Popular Amazonense (PPA) - seguirem como aliados em torno das propostas de Getúlio Vargas. Em meio a esse cenário, a fundação do periódico Tribuna Popular, primeiro como órgão de divulgação do PTA e, posteriormente, vinculado ao PPA, revela-se como uma fonte primorosa sob o período e as lideranças partidárias acima mencionadas. Sua periodicidade entre os anos de 1933 e 1936, além de permitir traçar a constituição do perfil político do Amazonas, desperta-nos para sua outra função, que era oferecer-se enquanto espaço para que as propostas Trabalhistas pudessem, ao longo desses anos, esboçarem suas propostas, anseios e discussões sobre parte do mundo operário e sindical da época.

Submitted by Gabriele Rodrigues (gabriele_r.valentim@hotmail.com) on 2016-09-02T14:02:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Lílian Macedo Bastos.docm: 19811 bytes, checksum: 6a98ec84945cb73880c6232ba826979c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2016-09-12T18:32:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Lílian Macedo Bastos.docm: 19811 bytes, checksum: 6a98ec84945cb73880c6232ba826979c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2016-09-12T18:40:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Lílian Macedo Bastos.docm: 19811 bytes, checksum: 6a98ec84945cb73880c6232ba826979c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-12T18:40:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Lílian Macedo Bastos.docm: 19811 bytes, checksum: 6a98ec84945cb73880c6232ba826979c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-21 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Eugenia punicifolia is a species commonly known as pedra-ume-caá, widely used in the Amazon region, especially against glucose disorders, so it is essential the characterization for the establishment of parameters which are used for identification and determination of physico-chemical properties of raw material plant, as well as the development of an extractive solution with defined chemical and technological parameters. The objective of this study was to evaluate the technological feasibility of produce solid dosage form, containing high levels of spray dried extract product (PSA), prepared from an aqueous solution of Eugenia punicifolia. For this, the raw plant, consisting of leaves, was characterized using techniques described in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia and official codes. The extractive solution was obtained by the method of infusion with a ratio of drug:solvent 7.5% w/V, it was characterized by dry residue. The extractive solution was dried using spray drying technique, without and with pharmaceutical adjuvants in order to improve operational efficiency and technological characteristics of the products obtained. The tablets were produced with granules of PSA (GPSA) obtained by dry granulations with three different concentrations 30%, 50% and 70% of PSA and co-processed adjuvants (GRADJ) produced by wet granulation with filler/binder and disintegrant. The formulations were composed of GPSA (71.4%), GRADJ (28.1%) and lubricant (0.5%). Tablets were produced on instrumented rotary compressing machine. The formulations showed viability of production of tablets, considering its mechanical properties adequate, uniformity of content and rapid dissolution. / A Eugenia punicifolia é uma espécie popularmente conhecida como pedra-ume-caá, amplamente utilizada na região amazônica, principalmente contra distúrbios glicêmicos, sendo imprescindível a sua caracterização visando o estabelecimento de parâmetros que sirvam para identificação e determinação das propriedades físico-químicas das matérias-primas vegetais, assim como o desenvolvimento de uma solução extrativa com parâmetros tecnológicos e químicos definidos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade tecnológica de obtenção de forma farmacêutica sólida, contendo altos teores de produto seco por aspersão (PSA), obtido a partir de solução extrativa aquosa de Eugenia punicifolia. Para isso, a matéria-prima vegetal, constituída por folhas, foi caracterizada utilizando técnicas descritas na Farmacopeia Brasileira e nos códigos oficiais. A solução extrativa foi obtida por meio do método de infusão com uma relação droga:solvente de 7,5 % m/V e foi caracterizada através do resíduo seco. A solução extrativa foi seca através de técnica de secagem por aspersão, com e sem adjuvantes farmacêuticos, a fim de melhorar as características tecnológicas e o rendimento operacional dos produtos obtidos. Os comprimidos foram obtidos por granulação a partir de granulados de PSA (GPSA), produzidos por via seca contendo três concentrações diferentes de PSA (30, 50 e 70 %), e adjuvantes co-processados (GRADJ), produzidos por granulação via úmida com material de carga e enchimento e desintegrantes. As formulações foram constituídas de GPSA (71,4%), GRADJ (28,1%) e lubrificante (0,5%). Os comprimidos foram produzidos em máquina de comprimir rotativa instrumentalizada. As formulações mostraram viabilidade de produção de comprimidos em face às suas propriedades mecânicas, uniformidade de conteúdo e a rápida cedência.