The aim of this dissertation is to provide insight into some characteristics of collaborative partnerships in Hungarian teacher education, and to use this as evidence in pointing out the need for a change in current teacher education practices in the preparation of teachers/mentors. The Portfolio brings together accounts of two research projects upon perspectives of collaborative partnerships. Project 'A', Collaborative development of observation strategies in the context of mentor-based teacher education programmes in Hungary investigates the results of a collaborative partnership which originally developed from a successful initiative in ELT. Later, however, the findings proved capable of wider application, producing results at school improvement. Data were gathered mainly from participating mentors' research reports. With the help of qualitative research and analysis the potential benefits of this joint project are highlighted. From the analysis of data particular features of mixed mentor-based programmes emerge which have not been documented in the literature before. Project 'B', Impact Study of a Nation-wide Hungarian Mentor Project in ELT attempts to investigate how the reflective approach to teacher training (See Part I for definition) introduced at the beginning of the nineties changed mentoring in Hungary. Data were gathered from questionnaires. With the help of a survey method it is demonstrated how the Mentor Project affected all the people and institutions involved in the project. The research provides insights not only into the future of mentoring in Hungary, but into the wider implications for mentoring as a whole. Special attention is paid to evaluating the collaboration between participants of the project. The evidence from the data is used for pinpointing areas which require further improvement in the preparation of mentors. The research results of both projects show that work in collaborative partnerships encourages teachers to adopt a self-critical approach to their practice. Also, they clearly point to the need for collaborating with participants of mentor training at all levels. Both projects derived from empirical investigation and they were prompted by the Candidate's continued interest in mentoring and her long experience of working as a mentor/mentor co-ordinator in Hungarian teacher education. They are based on Hungarian experience but throughout all the study parallels are drawn with the international context. Special attention is paid to exploring the origins of Hungarian school-based partnership, as it is believed this is intrinsic to the understanding of the current controversies of university practice-school partnership. It is the Candidate 's conviction that besides preserving some universally valid elements of teacher education models, it is necessary to find ways which are in agreement with and catering for particular local needs. While there is a clear difference in the context and the processes which were necessary to setup the two projects, both of them explored ways for improvement. They were meant to encourage participants of partnerships to establish a basic agreed philosophy, which would create a common ground for working with mentees. Specifically, ways, which on the one hand remain faithful to the past model of the first school-based teacher training institution, and, at the same time, meet the challenges of the future.

This thesis deals with upbringing of children by homosexual couples and its analysis through the legal perspective, psychological perspective and through the perspective of Christian ethics. The aim of the thesis is with regard to researched literature on the possibilities of the upbringing of children by homosexual couples to analyse the above mentioned topic, and possibly to find an answer to if the existing approaches to homoparentality are justifiable or not. The presentation of the approach of Christian ethics to the respective topic will not be left out.

Esta tese teve como objetivo compreender a formação de parcerias sociais entre empresas e ONGs para a construção de projetos de desenvolvimento social de cooperativas e associações no setor da reciclagem. Para tanto, foram investigados dois casos de parcerias entre ONGs e Empresas que buscaram desenvolver projetos para a melhoria das condições de trabalho dos recicladores. Devido à natureza conflitante destes atores, a parceria social foi entendida é entendida como uma rede de atividades interconectadas, construídas coletivamente, em um espaço de tensão e contradição. Essa construção coletiva é compreendida como uma elaboração conjunta de um projeto de desenvolvimento social, em que os parceiros discutem, aprendem e negociam sentidos e significados visando a construção de um coletivo. Este entendimento remete a utilização de uma abordagem que possibilite a compreensão das tensões e contradições imersas nas atividades dos atores e, neste sentido, a teoria da atividade histórico cultural foi utilizada como lente teórico metodológica, principalmente em sua articulação com o campo de estudos negócios e sociedade. Diante deste contexto, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, por meio de dois estudos de caso. O primeiro caso refere-se ao projeto desenvolvido entre a ONG e a Gerdau, a partir do interesse da empresa em qualificar o seu fornecedor de sucata, bem como usar tal ação de qualificação como uma iniciativa de responsabilidade social em sua cadeia de suprimentos. Os principais mediadores deste processo foram o conhecimento da ONG, seus educadores sociais, o conhecimento gerencial da empresa, seus recursos financeiros, bem como artefatos de identificação. O segundo caso estudado relata o relacionamento ONG e Braskem. Este relacionamento emerge da necessidade da empresa em obter uma licença de operação na sociedade em que esta inserida. Assim a intenção da empresa é legitimar a sua presença e existência na sociedade e isto é realizado através do reforço da utilidade do seu produto. Os instrumentos que são utilizados na parceria buscam assim a melhoria da imagem do produto, bem como da sua imagem como uma empresa ―local‖: artefatos de identificação e discursivos. E tendo como norte esta necessidade latente, o diálogo entre empresa e ONGs se torna um dos principais mediadores do processo, bem como uma divisão do trabalho que reflita esta parceria e proximidade. Ainda, a fim de compreender a dinâmica subjacente ao processo de desenvolvimento destes projetos, este estudo lançou o olhar para os desafios de aprendizagem vivenciados pelos atores. No primeiro caso, foram evidenciados como desafios de aprendizagem (i) necessidade de mudança em direção a uma maior organização do trabalho (ii) ressignificação do trabalho e; (iii) necessidade de desenvolver um instrumento de trabalho que fosse condizente à realidade dos cooperados. Por outro lado, os desafios de aprendizagem relacionados ao segundo caso referem-se ao (i) relacionamento ONG-Empresa e na sua forma de operacionalização; (ii) escolha dos projetos devem ser apoiados, ou, em outras palavras, quais os stakeholders que irão ser considerados na comunidade. É importante notar que o fato dos desafios de aprendizagem e, consequentemente, das transformações obtidas mediante as consecução destes, terem residido, no Caso A, na cooperativa e, no Caso B, no relacionamento, reflete as características idiossincráticas destas organizações e o que ambas buscavam com a parceria. / How to construct fruitful relations with different stakeholders represents a challenge for organizations and a gap in the academic literature. One way to do this is through partnership establishment, especially in between companies and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO). Through partnerships, organizations could develop their own CSR‘s practices. On the other hand, NGOs could exercise their social role, in order to help community development. This study aims to understand how cross sectorial social partnerships for social development projects, whose purpose is to improve the working conditions and business structure of recycling warehouses, are constructed in the recycling sector, in the South Region of Brazil. In order to do so, two business-NGOs partnership cases were investigated. Given the actors contradictory nature, social partnerships were understood as a network of interconnected activity systems, in a social space of tension, contradiction and negotiation among actors in relation with each other and to the world, immersed in a historical and cultural context, from a culturally mediated relationship. The argument put forward is that the Cultural Historical Activity Theory can serve as a theoretical framework and provide a suitable model to analyse cross-sector social partnerships construction. Supported by the theoretical perspectives outlined above, we rely on a qualitative, descriptive research, by using a case study method. We carry on two case studies, in order to understand the projects development by a single NGO with two company leaders in each sector. The first case analyses Gerdau S.A. and its trajectory in the recycling sector. Gerdau S.A. seeks to engage with the NGO aiming to qualify recycling warehouses, as they are one of the suppliers, and to comply with their CSR agenda. The main artifacts used by the actors are NGO‘s knowledge and expertise, company managerial knowledge, and Identity Artifacts (company logo). The second case refers to NGO-Braskem relationship, which emerges from the company‘s need to get social license to operate in the region. So, the company intends to legitimate its existence in the society through gains in their product‘s image. Most of the artifacts are used by the actors to achieve this goal, such as Identity Artifacts (company and NGO logo), and Discursive Artifacts, in order to embody ―local identity‖ to the company. Given this context, the dialogue between Braskem and the NGO is one of these artifacts, as well as labor division, which reflects the relationship and proximity. In order to understand the dynamics that underlies the project construction, this study also investigated the learning challenges experienced by the NGO and the companies. The main learning challenges experienced by the partnership NGO-Gerdau are: (i) change through better work organization and structuration; (ii) work meaning ressignification; (iii) development of a work tool that fits to the warehouses reality. On the other hand, the learning challenges experienced by the partnership NGO-Braskem are: (i) the partnership between the actors and its operationalization; (ii) the choice between warehouses that will be supported, or, in other words, which stakeholders will be included in the community.

A crescente competição entre empresas tem levado à busca da excelência em diversas áreas dentro das organizações. Assim, como o relacionamento da empresa com seus clientes é importante para os resultados desta, o relacionamento com seus fornecedores também se mostra vital. As empresas têm buscado um melhor desempenho de seus fornecedores, para estar mais bem preparadas para competir em seus mercados. Este trabalho discute a importância de compras e, principalmente, do papel decisivo que os fornecedores estão exercendo nas organizações, através de um estudo de caso. Também se busca analisar os quesitos adotados por uma empresa (modelo estudado) para medir o desempenho dos fornecedores em compras, de forma a tornar-se um referencial na tomada de decisões da empresa, de modo que esta possa melhorar seus indicadores quanto à performance de seus fornecedores. / The increasing competition between companies has led to the search of the excellency in various areas inside the organizations. As well as the relationship of the company with its customers it is important, for the results of the first, the relationship with its suppliers that also reveals vital. The companies have searched for one better performance of its suppliers, to be well prepared to compete in its markets. This work mainly argues the importance of purchases and of the decisive paper that the suppliers are exerting in the organizations. Also it searchs here to analyze the questions adopted for a company (model studied here) to measure the performance of the suppliers in purchases, in way that it can be a referencial for the taking of decisions on the part of the company, in way that this can improve its pointers to contribute to the performance of its suppliers.

With the advent of a new constitutional dispensation in South Africa, intimate relationships that were not formally recognised, such as customary marriages, became fully recognised through designated legislation. Domestic partnerships are, however, afforded only limited recognition despite compelling reasons that lead people to domestic partnerships. Domestic partners are also discriminated against based on marital status despite a Constitution that forbids discrimination based on equality, human dignity and marital status. The object of this study is to investigate whether there are sufficient grounds to afford domestic partnerships full recognition similar to that granted to civil marriage. This study includes arguments in favour and against the recognition of domestic partnerships and a discussion of the reasons that lead people into domestic partnerships. There will also be an analysis of the draft Domestic Partnership Bill 36 of 2008 to determine the suitability of the draft Bill to regulate domestic partnerships. This investigation is conducted with reference to relevant draft Bills, legislation, and case law. / Private Law / LL. M.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Neste trabalho pretendemos identificar como as parcerias público-privadas entre Universidade e agentes empresariais no Brasil, contribuem para a ampliação das territorialidades mercantil-corporativas no interior do espaço público acadêmico, no que se refere aos seus sistemas de ações e de objetos. A adoção dessas parcerias por parte das Universidades Públicas é fundamentada pelo discurso neoliberal para que saiam da crise financeira e de gestão, aumentando sua produtividade e eficiência. Assim, observamos que além da mercantilização do conhecimento, é cada vez mais comum no interior das relações espaciais de tais instituições, a internalização de procedimentos de gestão empresarial. Consideramos que o processo histórico e dialético, não dissociado no tempo e no espaço, explica fundamentalmente os vínculos diretos e indiretos da Educação Superior Pública no Brasil com os setores empresariais, tendo como princípio a Reforma Universitária de 1968. Atualmente, para entender tais vínculos, a revolução técnico-científica-informacional, o processo de globalização econômica capitalista e o projeto neoliberal constituem-se em macro referências que inter-relacionadas possibilitam a compreensão das transformações em curso no que se refere ao Estado e a própria Universidade Pública. / Our aim here is to find out how the public and private partnership between university and corporate agents in Brazil contribute to the enlargement of the business-corporate territoriality within the academic public space, with respect to their systems of actions and objects. The adoption of these partnerships by public universities is based on neoliberal discourse which advocates that the partnership is the only way to get rid of the financial and management crises, improving the productivity and efficiency. In this way, we show that, beyond the mercantilization of knowledge, is very often the insertion of management procedures inside the spacial relations of the public universities. We consider that the historical and dialetical process, that is not dissociated in time and in space, can explain the direct and indirect ties between Higher Education and corporate sectors, and we take the university reform, that occurred in 1968, as the beginning. Nowadays, in order to understand those ties, the techno-scientific information revolution, the capitalist process of economic globalization and the neoliberal project are taked as macro references that, once related, make possible the understanding of the current transformations that take place in State and in public university itself.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O papel do Estado ao longo do Historia foi bem diversificado, ora com um caráter interventor, e ora com uma postura de regular o mínimo necessário. Esta última postura, proporcionou grandes déficit no setor de infraestrutura, desequilíbrios sociais, favelização, loteamentos irregulares e a não efetivação do direito à moradia. Deste modo, o Estado precisou ampliar a sua atuação na regularização do solo, visando uma regularização fundiária plena que incluiria desde a instalação da urbanização e infraestrutura adequada à concessão de títulos reconhecendo a posse e/ou propriedade do indivíduo. Suprir a carência de infraestrutura, urbanização e organização do solo que se acumularam nas últimas décadas, esbarra na falência fiscal do Estado Brasileiro, que precisa tomar para si a responsabilidade da regularização, mas, principalmente buscar parcerias com o setor privado. A atuação das organizações sociais, das organizações da sociedade civil de interesse público e as parcerias público-privadas precisam ser ampliadas na efetivação da regularização fundiária. Necessário se faz que o investimento não seja exclusivamente público, possibilitando conceder ao parceiro privado, através da utilização de certos instrumentos jurídicos do próprio Estatuto da Cidade como uma contraprestação interessante a este parceiro. Somente vivenciando uma interpretação e aplicação conjunta dos instrumentos jurídicos à disposição do Estado aliado a vontade política, que poderá ser garantido o desenvolvimento prometido à população brasileira e a efetivação do direito constitucional à moradia. / The role of the state throughout the history was very diverse, sometimes with an intervening trend, and sometimes with a will to regulate the minimum necessary. The latter approach, fedback huge deficits in the infrastructure sector, social imbalances, slums, subdivisions and non realization of housing rights. Thus, the state needed to expand its participation in the settlement of the soil to a full regularization since that would include the installation of urbanization and infrastructure appropriate to the granting of property papers recognizing the possession and / or the individual property. Addressing the lack of infrastructure, urbanization and organization of the soil that have accumulated in recent decades, is barred by the failure of the Brazilian tax, which must take upon itself the responsibility of the settlement, but mainly to seek partnerships with the private sector. The role of social organizations of civil society organizations in the public interest and public-private partnerships need to be broadened in the effectiveness of regularization. Investment shold not be only public, enabling grant to the private partner, through the use of certain legal instruments of the Statute of the City itself as a form of consideration to this interesting partner. Only experimenting a combined interpretation and application of legal instruments available to the State together with a political will, which may be secured to the Brazilian population the promised development and realization of the constitutional right to housing.

A presente dissertação tem como objetivo apresentar a importância que se deve dar ao aspecto afetivo no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Considerando cada fase de desenvolvimento da pessoa, compreende-se que cada criança seja diferente cognitiva e afetivamente. A pesquisa e o tema nasceram das inquietações vivenciadas no contexto escolar, através das práticas e ações articuladas no dia a dia. No primeiro capítulo, o tema abordado é a afetividade e a aprendizagem, definições, conceitos e os desafios encontrados na escola, a relação professor- aluno, aluno-aluno e a afetividade na sala de aula. No segundo capítulo, trata-se da afetividade e da prática pedagógica por meio de estudos e pesquisas das diversas práticas pedagógicas nas diferentes escolas: na tradicional, na escola nova e na tecnicista; o papel do educador como mediador e o desafio em estabelecer vínculos afetivos com o seu aluno. A sala de aula é um espaço de inclusão, de pessoas com diferentes valores e formas de viver, simbolizando as diferenças culturais na diversidade, é importante o professor saber expressar afetividade pelos alunos, através da sua prática pedagógica, já que ensinar é trabalhar e se relacionar com seres humanos, o que sugere um professor portador de equilíbrio emocional, que lhe assegure convivência tranquila com a diversidade existente na sala de aula. Toda ação pedagógica deve estar relacionada com os objetivos propostos pelo professor, pelo aluno e pela escola, pois desta relação vai depender o sucesso ou o fracasso do processo de ensino e aprendizagem, podendo gerar a evasão escolar ou, em outras palavras, a exclusão. No terceiro capítulo, o tema abordado enfatiza a escola afetiva, a escola com que todos sonham. Aquela cujo ambiente escolar proporciona um espaço alegre, espaço de conhecimento, de solidariedade e de afeto. É no espaço escolar, em que a convivência, a cooperação e a troca de afetos nos torna mais humanos. Esta é a escola que trabalha em conjunto, em parcerias e em diálogo. Uma escola comprometida com a educação, com uma educação compartilhada, solidária, na qual não há espaço para a exclusão. / This thesis aims to show the importance to be given to the affective aspect in the teaching and learning. Whereas each person's stage of development, it is understood that each child is different cognitively and affectively. The survey, and the theme, born of the troubles experienced in the school context, through the practices and actions articulated in everyday life. In the first chapter, the subject is the emotion and learning, definitions, concepts and challenges encountered in school, the teacher- student, student-student and affection in the classroom. In the second chapter, it is the affection and teaching practice through studies and research on education practices in different schools: traditional, new school and the technicalities, the educator's role as mediator and the challenge to establish emotional bonds with their students. The classroom is a space for inclusion of people with different values and ways of life, symbolizing the cultural diversity, is important for the teacher know how to express affection by students, through their teaching, since, teaching is work and relate to humans, which suggests a teacher carrying emotional balance, which guarantees peaceful coexistence with the diversity in living classroom. Every action must be related to educational goals proposed by the teacher, the student and school, this relationship will depend on the success or failure of the teaching and learning, which can generate truancy, or in other words, exclusion. The third chapter, the subject addressed emphasizes the affective school, the school that everyone dreams. One school whose environment provides a cheerful space, space of knowledge, of solidarity and affection. It's in the school space, in which the coexistence, cooperation and exchange of feelings makes us more human. This is the school working together in partnerships and dialogue. A school committed to education, with a shared education, solidary, in which there is no room for exclusion.

abstract: Fruit and vegetable consumption among school children falls short of current recommendations. The development of Public-Private Partnerships (PPP), which combine the resources of government entities with the resources of private entities, such as businesses or not-for-profit agencies, has been suggested as an effective approach to address a number of public health concerns, including inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption. The United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program (FFVP) provides fruits and vegetables as snacks at least twice per week in low-income elementary schools. In addition to increasing fruit and vegetable consumption behaviors at school, children participating in the FFVP have been found to make more requests for fruits and vegetables in grocery stores and at home, suggesting the impact of the program extends beyond school settings. The purpose of this multicase study was to describe key stakeholders' perceptions about creating PPPs between schools and nearby retailers to cross-promote fruits and vegetables in low-income communities, using the FFVP. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants from three cases groups: grocery store/produce managers (n=10), district FFVP personnel (n=5) and school FFVP personnel (n=12). Data were analyzed using a directed content analysis approach using constructs from the Health Belief Model, including benefits, barriers, strategies, and motivation. While findings varied by case group, key benefits of creating a PPP included the potential to increase store sales, to enhance public relations with the community, and to extend the impact of the FFVP to settings outside of schools. Barriers included offering expensive produce through the FFVP, time/labor-associated costs, and needing approval from authorities and supervisors. Strategies for developing a PPP included using seasonal produce and having clear instructions for teachers and staff. Stakeholders reported being motivated to create a PPP by the potential to improve health outcomes in children and by wanting to help the community. Both objective and subjective measures were suggested to measure the success of such a partnership. Finally, the educational component of the USDA's Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP-Ed) has the potential to serve as a catalyst for organizing a PPP between FFVP-participating schools and nearby grocery stores. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Nutrition 2017

Traça a interseção de dois temas que, embora estejam sempre em voga, nos últimos 20 anos têm sido alvo de acalorados debates: Estado e sociedade civil. O relacionamento entre o Estado e a sociedade civil é assunto em constante modificação, buscando-se sempre o seu equilíbrio em dado momento da vida social. Relação marcada pelo autoritarismo em sua origem, atualmente debate-se a legitimação da participação da sociedade civil na ação administrativa como instrumento de efetivação da cidadania e, assim, da Democracia. É o movimento da Nova Administração Pública, inserindo o discurso do consenso em seu relacionamento com a sociedade civil e propondo uma Administração Pública Consensual ou Paritária, em que o cidadão é considerado partícipe de decisões de interesse público desde a sua concepção até a sua execução e controle. A Administração Pública não mais se impõe sobre o cidadão somente , mas com ele se relaciona de modo a atingir o bem maior que é o interesse público. Neste contexto, paralelamente ganha forças um novo conceito de organização da sociedade civil, chamado Terceiro Setor. À medida que ganham volume as atividades desenvolvidas voluntariamente pela iniciativa privada, sem fins lucrativos, para fazer frente a direitos fundamentais ou em defesa do conteúdo constitucional, a relevância de sua atuação é cada dia mais considerada. Sobretudo diante da legitimação constitucional de atuação da iniciativa privada em ações de conteúdo social, deixando claro que neste tema não há monopólio estatal, fortalece-se o apelo pelo desenvolvimento de ferramentas consensuais de atuação compartida entre a Administração Pública e o Terceiro Setor. Insere-se o debate das parcerias entre a Administração Pública e o Terceiro Setor no contexto da Administração Pública Consensual ou Paritária, de modo a buscar a sua legitimação legislativa através da análise sistemática das ferramentas atualmente existentes para a formalização deste relacionamento e, sobretudo, da proposta de uma reformulação do atual regime jurídico com vistas à regulação das parcerias entre a Administração Pública e o Terceiro Setor. / It traces the intersection of two topics that have been the subject of heated debate in the last 20 years, although they are always in vogue: State and civil society. The relationship between State and civil society is in constant change, seeking always the equilibrium at a given moment of social life. Relationship marked by authoritarianism in its origin, nowadays the legitimacy of civil societys participation in the administrative action as a tool for effective citizenship and democracy is debated. It is the movement of New Public Management, introducing the consensus discourse in its relationship with civil society and proposing a Consensual or Joint Public Management, in which the citizen is considered a participant in the decisions of public interest since its conception to its implementation and control. The public administration no longer imposes your power on the citizen only but it relates with him in order to achieve the greater goal which is the public interest. In this context a new concept of civil society organization called Third Sector gain forces. While the private voluntary no profit actions grown up in order to respond to fundamental rights or in defense of the constitutional content, the relevance of its work is increasingly considered. Mainly because of the constitutional legitimacy of social private action, making it clear that this issue is not a State monopoly, the call for the development of tools for consensual activities shared between the public administration and the Third Sector is increased. Introduce the discussion of partnerships between public administration and Third Sector in the context of Consensual or Joint Public Management in order to seek its legislative legitimization through the systematic analysis of the currently existing tools to formalize this relationship and, especially, the actual legal regime reformulation proposal to regulate the partnerships between the public administration and the Third Sector.