O estudo teve como objetivo verificar a necessidade de maior atuação do Estado nas parcerias comerciais entre povos indígenas amazônicos e empresas para a comercialização de produtos florestais não madeireiros, como forma de garantir os direitos e interesses indígenas. No contexto de descentralização do Estado, fortalecimento de novos atores e articulação entre o setor público e privado, as parcerias têm sido estabelecidas na Amazônia com o objetivo de, ao mesmo tempo, promover o uso sustentável dos recursos e propiciar melhores condições de vida às comunidades florestais. Com a diminuição do Estado bem como argumentos que exaltam as vantagens dos mecanismos de mercado e auto-regulação, as parcerias comerciais em muitos países têm substituído o Estado em suas funções, acompanhadas de problemas. O estudo teve como objetivo investigar se é necessária maior atuação do Estado nas parcerias para evitar assimetria de poderes, garantindo os direitos e interesses indígenas. Para a pesquisa, foram coletados dados qualitativos em dois níveis: (i) dados secundários (dados publicados, relatórios e documentos) ou primários (entrevistas semi-estruturadas a atores-chave) relativos ao contexto geral das parcerias como um todo e (ii) análise do contexto específico de duas parcerias comerciais (análise documental e entrevistas semi-estruturadas): Baniwa - Tok & Stok (AM) e Yawanawá - Aveda (AC). Os resultados apontaram para a imprescindibilidade de nova atuação do Estado e da sociedade na definição de políticas e parâmetros legais claros para as questões das sociedades indígenas. Além de normas simplificadas e adaptadas aos moldes das sociedades indígenas, é fundamental propiciar maior participação destas na criação de políticas e projetos próprios. O estudo conclui que não se pode prescindir de um papel interventor responsável do Estado. A substituição total do Estado pelo setor privado em funções essenciais, por meio das parcerias, pode gerar problemas, conflitos internos, manutenção da situação de dependência, além de estímulo à diferenciação social. / The purpose of this study was to evaluate the necessity of a larger role of the State in the partnerships between Amazonian indigenous peoples and companies for the commercialization of non timber forest products, as a mean to guarantee indigenous rights. Within the context of decentralization of the State, empowerment of new actors and articulation between public and private sectors, partnerships have been established in Amazonia with the purpose of, at the same time, promoting the sustainable use of natural resources and providing better livelihoods to forest communities. As a result of a reduction in State\'s roles, as well as arguments exalting the advantages of market mechanisms and self-regulation, partnerships have been increasingly substituting the State in its functions in many countries, frequently accompanied by problems. This study had the purpose of investigating if a larger role of the State is necessary in the partnership context, in order to avoid power asymmetries and protecting indigenous rights. Qualitative data were gathered in two levels: (i) secondary data (publications, reports and documents) or primary data (semi-structured interviews to key-actors) related to the general context of the partnerships as a whole and (ii) analysis of the specific context of two partnerships (documental analysis and semi-structured interviews): Baniwa - Tok & Stok (AM) and Yawanawá - Aveda (AC). Results indicate the importance of an innovative role being played by the State and civil society organizations in the definition of policies and clear legal frameworks for indigenous peoples\' issues. Besides simplified rules, adjusted to indigenous societies\' concepts, it is essential to involve larger indigenous participation in the formulation of new policies and their own projects. The study concludes it is not possible to discard a responsible and interventionist role of the State. The total replacement of the State by the private sector in fundamental functions through partnerships may generate problems, internal conflicts, dependency maintenance and increase in social differentiation.

Na crescente produção acadêmica sobre negócios de impacto social no Brasil, é possível verificar uma lacuna: não se encontram em número significativo estudos que analisem as interações entre negócios de impacto social e o setor público, embora ao mesmo tempo seja possível observar, na prática recente, diversos casos em que essa interação tem se dado. Ao mesmo tempo, ao se analisar a literatura de parcerias intersetoriais, constata-se que são muitos os estudos que analisam parecerias envolvendo de um lado o setor público e de outro o setor privado e/ou ONGs, mas não encontramos estudos que se aprofundem em parcerias entre o setor público e negócios de impacto social. Partindo dessas constatações, esta pesquisa busca jogar luz sobre este fenômeno recente e ainda não profundamente estudado: as relações de parceria que têm surgido entre negócios de impacto social e o setor público no país. Adota-se como método um estudo de casos de tipo instrumental (STAKE, 2006), enfocando três ocorrências recentes desse tipo de interação. Retomando conceitos da literatura de parcerias intersetoriais, a análise destaca os processos de formação e implementação deste tipo específico de parcerias, seus principais resultados e desafios, e identifica temáticas a serem aprofundadas a partir das descobertas deste estudo / In the growing academic production on social impact businesses in Brazil, it is possible to verify a gap: there are not significant numbers of studies that analyze the interactions between social impact businesses and the public sector, although at the same time it is possible to observe, in recent practice, several cases in which this interaction has taken place. At the same time, when analyzing the literature on cross-sector partnerships, it is observed that many studies analyze partnerships involving both the public sector and the private sector and / or NGOs, but we do not find studies that go deeper into partnerships between the public sector and social impact businesses. Based on these findings, this research seeks to shed light on this recent and not yet deeply studied phenomenon: the partnership relationships that have arisen between social impact businesses and the public sector in the country. A case-study of instrumental type (STAKE, 2006) is adopted as a method, focusing on three recent occurrences of this type of interaction. The analysis highlights the processes of formation and implementation of this specific type of partnerships, their main results and challenges, and identifies themes to be explored from the findings of this study

[pt] As flexibilidades observadas em contratos de Parcerias Público-Privadas (PPPs) para projetos de infraestrutura rodoviária podem também ser compreendidas como opções contratuais. O modelo desenvolvido no presente estudo teve como principal foco o estabelecimento do nível ótimo de garantia governamental a ser ofertada à iniciativa privada em uma concessão de rodovia por PPP, utilizando a teoria de opções reais de forma integrada à métrica de performance Ômega, a qual obteve melhor resposta entre demais métricas VaR e CVaR propostas. Ainda de forma original, o modelo contemplou o apreçamento de garantias de receita mínima, como parte integrante do apreçamento de opções do tipo collar europeia (calls e puts) com caps, integrado ao apreçamento da opção americana de expansão (call) do projeto. O valor presente (VP) do projeto, considerando a opção de expandir a capacidade, foi calculado em 2,73 bilhões de Reais, que comparado ao valor esperado de 2,65 bilhões de Reais sem flexibilidade, representa um aumento de 73 milhões de Reais ao valor do projeto no caso base. O valor presente do projeto com a flexibilidade de expansão (call americana) e com garantia de receita mínima (put europeia) com cap 10 por cento do Capex permite atingir o valor de 3,33 para a medida Ômega, que é muito superior ao valor anterior de 0,996 obtido somente com a modelagem de opções tipo collar. / [en] The flexibilities observed in Public-Private Partnership (PPP) contracts for road infrastructure projects can also be taken as contractual options. The model developed in the present study had as main focus the establishments of the optimal level of government guarantee to be provided to private initiative in a PPP highway concession, using real option theory integrated with Omega measure, in which had a better response among other proposed VaR and CVaR metrics. Also in an original way, the model contribute to set a minimum revenue guarantees, as part of the european collar option (call and put), integrated to an expansion american call option. The project s present value (PV), considering an option for capacity expansion, was calculated at BRL 2.73 billion, which compared to the expected value of BRL 2.65 billion without flexibility, represents an increase of BRL 73 million to the value of the project in the base case scenario. The present value of the project with the flexibility of expansion (call) and with a minimum revenue guarantee with cap 10 percent of Capex, allows to reach the value of 3.33 for the Omega measure, which is much higher than the previous value of 0.996, obtained only with the european collar option.

Resumé : L’objet novateur de cette thèse est l’analyse des relations entre les FMN et les Collectivités Territoriales (CT) en Afrique subsaharienne. L’enjeu est la sortie des activités prédatrices des FMN et de la croissance sans développement qui gangrènent l’Afrique, et la construction d’une réponse qui permette d’engager les FMN extractives dans le développement des territoires qui les accueillent.Nous avons pour cela réalisé une radioscopie de trois CT au Libéria, au Niger et au Ghana, où l’on observe des Partenariats réussis avec Firestone, Areva et AngloGold. La méthode a consisté à obtenir des réponses complètes à partir de questionnaires : 37 pour les entreprises locales, 150 pour la population, 30 pour les autorités locales, 162 pour les employés locaux des FMN, 48 pour les employés expatriés des FMN, 90 sur le renforcement des capacités, 20 sur la perception de la coordination. La méthode est qualitative, mais la convergence et la divergence des réponses dans les trois Partenariats apportent de l’information.L’enquête de terrain a révélé une satisfaction globale de 85% des partenaires interrogés, FMN et territoires. L’objet de la thèse est de comprendre les raisons de ce résultat inhabituel pour l’Afrique. Le cadre d’analyse est celui de l’Investissement Territorialisé où un acteur, privé ou public, minimise son extériorité en s’intégrant durablement par le Partenariat dans le jeu d’acteurs du territoire. Il passe ici par un contrat formel de la FMN avec l’Etat pour le partage de la rente ricardienne, et un contrat informel et incomplet avec la CT: le Partenariat Décentralisé (PD)..Le PD est analysé avec les concepts de Williamson comme « alliance stratégique » qui est un hybride entre marché et organisation. La FMN avec ses actifs tres spécifiques subit un risque d’image élevé, que la CT, malgré sa faiblesse, a le pouvoir de sécuriser. En retour la FMN finance des infrastructures de transport, de santé, d’éducation et un soutien à l’économie locale. La réussite de ces PD tient à ce qu’ils sont des contrats implicites et incomplets, ils utilisent l’informel comme norme de gestion, ils adoptent les cultures locales comme référence, ils sont inclusifs au plus près des besoins des populations et ils intègrent les FMN dans les territoires. Cette stratégie d’intégration des FMN corrige l’asymétrie où la CT a le pouvoir de défaire l’image de la FMN et de réaliser selon le mot de Williamson un « hold-up » sur le partage des rentes et quasi-rentes.Les Partenariats Décentralisés, où le privé remplace l’Etat défaillant à créer les infrastructures en Afrique, sont une issue à la « trappe à développement » des PMA. Ils se révèlent capables d’amener l’argent là où on en a besoin, dans les territoires, et fournissent sans biais la capacité administrative et l’identification de projets de développement validés par les populations, ce que ni l’Aide Publique au Développement, ni les remittances tournées vers la consommation, ni les IDE classiques ne réussissent à faire. / Abstract: The innovative object of this thesis is the analysis of the relations between the MNCs and the Territorial Communities (TCs) in sub-Saharan Africa. The challenge is the end of the predatory activities of the MNCs and of the growth without development which gangrenes Africa, and the construction of a response which makes it possible to engage the extractive MNCs in the development of the territories which welcome them.We have done a radioscopy of three TCs in Liberia, Niger and Ghana where we can see successful partnerships with Firestone, Areva and AngloGold. The method consisted in obtaining complete answers from questionnaires: 37 for local businesses, 150 for the population, 30 for local authorities, 162 for local MNC employees, 48 for MNC expatriate employees, 90 on capacity building and 20 on the perception of coordination. The method is qualitative, but the convergence and the divergence of responses in the three Partnerships can provide information.The field survey revealed an overall satisfaction of 85% of the interviewed partners, MNC and territories. The purpose of the thesis is to understand the reasons for this unusual result for Africa. The framework of analysis is that of Territorialized Investment where a private or public player minimizes its exteriority by integrating itself durably by the Partnership in the game of players of the territory. It passes here a formal contract of the FMN with the State for the sharing of the ricardian rent, and an informal and incomplete contract with the TC: the Decentralized Partnership (DP).The DP is analyzed with Williamson's concepts as a "strategic alliance" which is a hybrid between market and organization. The MNC with its very specific assets suffers from high image risk which the TC, despite its weakness, has the power to secure. In return, the MNC finances transport, health and education infrastructure and support for the local economy. The success in Africa of these DPs is that they are implicit and incomplete contracts, they use the informal as a management standard, they adopt local cultures as a reference, they are inclusive to the needs of the people and they integrate the MNC into the territories. This integration strategy of the MNCs compensates the asymmetry where the TC has the power to spoil the image of the FMN and to realize according to Williamson word a "hold-up" on the sharing of rents and quasi-rents.Decentralized Partnerships, where the private sector replaces the failed state in creating infrastructure in Africa, is a way out of the LDC's "development trap". DP are able to bring the money where it is needed in the territories and to provide without bias the administrative capacity and the identification of development projects validated by the populations, what neither the Official Development Aid neither consumer-oriented remittances nor conventional FDI succeded in doing it.

No description available.

Literacy coaching is not new to education. Since the 2001 shift in the United States (U.S.) educational policy towards high-quality teacher training, accountability, and student achievement, literacy or reading coach positions have been a core part of the educational institution (U. S. Department of Education, 2003). However, with undefined coaching roles and inadequate coach training early in the initiative, minimal impact on effective teacher development and instructional shifts towards closing the achievement gap occurred (Dole, 2003; International Reading Association, 2004). In the past ten years, more understanding of literacy coaches’ roles and responsibilities has occurred with the publication of numerous manuals focused on coaching as well as education for coaches. For example, Toll (2014) defines literacy coaches as “partners with teachers for job-embedded professional learning that enhances teachers’ reflection on students, the curriculum and pedagogy…” (p. 10). Literacy coaches recognize an essential role of coaching is collaboration and partnerships with teachers. For these relationships to happen, coaches must build connections with teachers. Thus, coaches must know adult learning theory and have strong interpersonal skills (Toll, 2014). However, scant empirical evidence is available regarding how coaches must build collaborative relationships as well as navigate other professional identities (Rainville & Jones, 2008) and responsive/directive distinctions between administration, teachers, and district initiatives (Ippolito, 2010). This study adds to the extant literature using a narrative inquiry approach. I share a personal narrative of my lived experience as a new literacy coach along with two early-career English language arts (ELA) teachers as together; we navigated through their and my teacher practices of planning, teaching, collaboration, and building a professional learning community. As suggested by Clandinin (2013) regarding narrative inquiry, I did not devise A Priori questions to guide my study. Instead, following Clandinin’s idea about Wonderments, I sought to find answers guided by the following Wonderments: • In what ways do I, as a literacy coach, navigate my roles and responsibilities to build partnerships with two ELA teachers? • In what ways do I, as a literacy coach, establish collaboration among these two teachers to build a professional learning community? • In what ways do these two teachers’ beliefs influence my coaching, modeling, and relationship building? I grounded this narrative inquiry in the tenets of social constructivism (Ben & Kosnik, 2006), sociocultural theory (Bruner 1990; Vygotsky, 1978), constructivism (Dewey, 1916, 1933; Piaget, 1954; Vygotsky, 1978), and change theory (Fullan, 2001, 2006).

Academic and Clinical Partnerships have the potential to positively impact student learning and outcomes and are part of the recommendations from PTE21 study. As academic and clinical partnerships move forward to design and implement changes, preparing the next generation of physical therapists, both process and outcome evaluations must be incorporated in the planning. This interactive session will explore an example for working together in partnership between hospital and classroom. This example will focus on a joint collaboration with an academic and clinical partnership developing a clinical pathway at the hospital in conjunction with development of a specialty pediatrics course surrounding NICU and prematurity. A combination of lecture and small group discussion will be used for both entry-level and post-professional training and attendees will leave with concrete examples of how to implement in their communities.

Masters in Public Administration - MPA / In the dissertation entitled The Management of Public-Private Partnerships in restructuring the South African marine industry towards sustainable development the author explores the thematic study of sustainable development through Public-Private Partnerships. The setting of the research project is a southern Africa case study of the marine industry in South Africa. The study develops a conceptual framework of how the contemporary discourse of sustainable development, namely, Public-Private Partnerships, could be applied in creating an environment for human security by restructuring its marine resource institutional economics towards community development enterprises. The objective of the study is to develop a conceptual sustainable resource management model that proposes new institutional arrangements between social, economic, environmental and political actors and stakeholders in the marine industry through Public-Private Partnerships. The thesis concludes to demonstrate how this resource management model result in equitable outcomes within the new institutional arrangements between the different actors and stakeholder in a Public-Private co-management system. It hereby applies the development discourse of Public-Private Partnerships in restructuring South African marine resource management towards sustainable development.

Public private partnerships (PPPs) are procurement models used in the provision of public infrastructures and involving private, as opposed to public, finance. The PPP model differs from the traditional public procurement model in this sense and in the unprecedented degree to which the private sector is involved. All things being equal, the rationale for choosing a PPP instead of a traditional public procurement model is if it provides a better Value for Money. As a result, a crucial issue to address is to find the key drivers of Value for Money in PPP projects and most importantly, to analyze the relationships between those key drivers and the complex notion of Value for Money. This study is based on a large overview of the literature together with contributions of informal interviews and my own opinions. Emphasis is put on the importance of risk management from financiers’ perspective and its consequences on Value for Money. The findings highlight the current problems in the Value for Money assessment that make the analysis hardly reliable. Good and bad practices in Value for Money assessment are discussed and potential solutions and guidance toward more Value for Money are provided.

Governments at the bottom of the pyramid are putting an increasing amount of trust inthe private sector to help build infrastructure and alleviate poverty. Therefore, finding better ways to support local entrepreneurial initiatives is crucial. Corporations and organisations alike are starting BoP initiatives to help with these challenges, yet knowledge of how these challenges can best be solved remains underdeveloped. It is suggested that creating shared value through partnerships between corporations and the BoP can help alleviate poverty as well as benefit the corporation. In sharing knowledge and resources with the BoP, corporations can also help develop the entrepreneurial ecosystem in BoP regions. Research regarding entrepreneurial ecosystems in the BoP or the workings of partnerships within BoP markets such as the Sub-Saharan African BoP is scarce. Through a thematic study of perspectives on entrepreneurship and partnerships from three different stakeholder groups active in the Sub-Saharan African BoP market, this study seeks to add to the existing body of literature on entrepreneurial ecosystems and partnerships in BoP markets. Our findings suggest that partnerships between entrepreneurs and corporations could help mitigate some ofthe challenges entrepreneurs face, provided the stakeholders have shared goals and commitment to achieve impactful and mutually beneficial results. Currently, these goals appear to be slightly misaligned.