This dissertation is one of the earliest to systematically apply and empirically test the resource-based view (RBV) in the context of nascent social ventures in a large scale study. Social ventures are entrepreneurial ventures organized as nonprofit, for-profit, or hybrid organizations whose primary purpose is to address unmet social needs and create social value. Nascent social ventures face resource gaps and engage in partnerships or alliances as one means to access external resources. These partnerships with different sectors facilitate social venture innovative and earned income strategies, and assist in the development of adequate heterogeneous resource conditions that impact competitive advantage. Competitive advantage in the context of nascent social ventures is achieved through the creation of value and the achievement of venture development activities and launching. The relationships between partnerships, heterogeneous resource conditions, strategies, and competitive advantage are analyzed in the context of nascent social ventures that participated in business plan competitions. A content analysis of 179 social venture business plans and an exploratory follow-up survey of 72 of these ventures are used to analyze these relationships using regression, ANOVA, correlations, t-tests, and non-parametric statistics. The findings suggest a significant positive relationship between competitive advantage and partnership diversity, heterogeneous resource conditions, social innovation, and earned income. Social capital is the type of resource most significantly related to competitive advantage. Founder previous start-up experience, client location, and business plan completeness are also found to be significant in the relationship between partnership diversity and competitive advantage. Finally the findings suggest that hybrid social ventures create a greater competitive advantage than nonprofit or for-profit social ventures. Consequently, this dissertation not only provides academics further insight into the factors that impact nascent social value creation, venture development, and ability to launch, but also offers practitioners guidance on how best to organize certain processes to create a competitive advantage. As a result more insight is gained into the nascent social venture creation process and how these ventures can have a greater impact on society.

This Diploma Thesis deals with Public Private Partnerships (PPP) projects in transportation area in the conditions of the Czech Republic. Theoretical part of the Thesis describes basic rules of project finance, as an elementary part of each PPP project, as well as analyzes key economic, legal, tax and accounting aspects of the PPP projects within the Czech Republic. Practical part of the Thesis describes the development of PPP projects in the whole Europe. Current pilot PPP projects in the Czech Republic are also analyzed. Real PPP project, D3 highway, and its economic availability are being analyzed and evaluated in the final part of the Thesis.

Within its scope, the thesis theoretically underpins the concept of sustainable diplomacy, using an evolutionary approach to diplomacy, and introduces criteria that allow its application on exemplary Dutch foreign policy projects. Three Dutch sustainable diplomacy projects are analyzed using a unified framework to allow their comparison and evaluation based on the criteria from the theoretical part. In light of the findings of the analysis, the thesis also acknowledges limitations of sustainable diplomacy encountered during the research to provide foundations for future development of the concept.

The changeover of the South African government in 1994, brought along a need for transformation on all levels of society, including social welfare. As part of this transformation the South African government adopted the developmental approach to social welfare. Within this policy framework the government expects all social welfare services to be developmental. Existing services, including statutory social work services, should thus be reoriented to make them developmentally focused (White Paper for Social Welfare, 1997:7). The researcher has, however, identified a lack of clear guidelines for the transformation process of social welfare services and particularly of statutory social work. The goal of this study was therefore to investigate how statutory social work services can be rendered in a developmental manner, that is, in an empowering and upbuilding manner, and to formulate guidelines for social work practice in this regard. For this study, the researcher utilised the qualitative approach. The respondents included were seven social workers and six clients in the study as respondents, representing five welfare organisations in Tshwane. The key findings indicated that the developmental approach to statutory social work entails an emphasis on family preservation, which implies prevention and early intervention as well as reunification strategies. The findings also indicate that, although social workers are aware of what the developmental approach entails, this emphasis currently does not exist in practice due to various reasons, including the fact that social workers are overburdened and under-resourced. The recommendations of this study are captured in guidelines for developmental statutory social work and guidelines for creating an enabling environment for statutory social work services. The guidelines for developmental statutory social work include various strategies for prevention and early intervention, while the guidelines for creating an enabling environment especially emphasise creating working partnerships with the government and other professionals and organisations. / Dissertation (MSD)--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted

As parcerias público-privadas (PPPs) consistem em um arranjo, formado pelo setor público e privado para a provisão de serviços de infraestrutura, os quais eram previamente providos pelo governo. No ambiente desses contratos realizam-se três estudos, sendo que o desenvolve-se um modelo teórico de PPPs para hospitais. Neste sentido, o regime de bundling, em que as empresas são agregadas em um consórcio, mostra-se se superior ao que as empresas são contratadas separadamente. Isto se dá, porque no primeiro modelo, as firmas conseguem internalizar as externalidades advindas do processo produtivo. Já no segundo ensaio faz-se um modelo computacional de risco moral com loterias aplicado a essa modalidade contratual. As simulações realizadas neste exercício indicam que projetos de valor econômico mais elevado atraem firmas mais capacitadas e esse maior valor monetário provavelmente está correlacionado com a complexidade do empreendimento o que pode ser o motivo das empresas empenharem mais esforço. O terceiro trabalho pretende identificar os determinantes do investimento e do número de projetos de PPPs em economias emergentes. Os resultados indicam que o ambientes de negócios, macroeconômico, político e o sistema legal são os principais preponderantes na formulação destes contratos. Por fim, as PPPs demandam esforços governamentais para o desenho de contratos que coíbam o comportamento oportunista e consigam monitorar de forma adequada as empresas responsáveis pelo empreendimento. O compartilhamento de riscos de certa forma é um mecanismo de proteção para o parceiro privado, mas são necessários o desenvolvimento de contratos bem estruturados, que possam lidar com as possíveis contingências e evitar abusos por parte de ambos agentes. / The Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) consist of an arrangement formed by the public and private sectors for the supply of infrastructure services, which were previously provided by the government. In this contractual environment three studies have been performed. The first one develops a theoretical model for hospitals. In this sense, the bundling system, in which firms are aggregated into a consortium, is shown to be superior to when businesses are hired separately. This happens because in the first model, firms can internalize the externalities arising during the production process. The second essay makes a computational model of moral hazard, with lotteries applied to this type of contract. The simulations indicate that projects with a higher economic value attract more qualified firms and that greater monetary value is likely correlated with the project’s complexity, which may be why the companies pledge more effort. The third paper aims to identify the investment determinants and the number of PPP projects in emerging economies. The results indicate that the business, macroeconomic, political environments and legal system are the main preponderant in the formulation of these contracts. Finally, PPPs require government efforts to design contracts that restrain opportunistic behavior and are able to adequately monitor the companies responsible for the contracts. Risk sharing is a protection mechanism for the private partner, but there is a need to develop well-structured contracts which can deal with possible contingencies and prevent abuses by both agents.

Orientador: Vicente Rodriguez / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T09:19:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mizuki_Vitor_M.pdf: 1869274 bytes, checksum: 4a7482670cddc911a319322bba74a3c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Em fins do século XX a economia capitalista apresentou forte crise e os diagnósticos explicativos diferenciaram-se. Hegemonicamente foram adotadas explicações segundo as quais tal crise teria origem no modelo de gestão burocrático do Estado e, dessa forma, para sua superação seriam necessárias medidas de reformulação do modelo de gestão do Estado. No Brasil, tal movimento foi marcado pelo Plano Diretor de Reforma do Aparelho de Estado (PDRAE), lançado em 1995 que adotou um modelo de gestão estatal "gerencialista". Os direitos civis, políticos e sociais, destacadamente, o direito à educação, amplamente assegurados na Constituição Federal da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, sofreram diversos impactos na forma como o Estado passou a garantir-lhes. Desta combinação de fatores, o Estado vem realizando diversas parcerias público-privadas para a prestação do direito à educação, dentre elas, a compra de sistemas apostilados de ensino privados por municípios paulistas. Esta dissertação identificou e caracterizou a atuação do Ministério Público (MP) para fiscalizar e intervir nos contratos entre prefeituras paulistas e empresas educacionais, para aquisição de sistemas de ensino apostilado privados, entre os anos de 2003 a 2010. Para tanto, mapeou-se os municípios paulistas que tiveram atuação do MP, com aprofundamento em Barueri e Vinhedo, mediante entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os Promotores Públicos locais que atuaram no caso. O MP vem agindo sobre estas parcerias, destacadamente, sob a perspectiva da área do Patrimônio Público, já que há indícios de Improbidade Administrativa pelos gestores públicos quando destas parcerias. Entretanto, apesar de pouco explorada pelos promotores públicos, há indícios de que esta atuação possa ser feita mediante o Direito à Educação. A aquisição de sistemas apostilados de ensino pelas prefeituras paulistas desafia a atuação da instituição, seja pela novidade em si, seja pela formação dos promotores públicos. Nesse sentido, há movimentação interna ao MP paulista para estimular a atuação dos promotores, à luz do Direito à Educação, inclusive mediante cursos de formação e produção do Plano Geral de Atuação de 2012, especificando este tema / Abstract: The crisis of the capitalist economy identified at the end of the 20th century was hegemonic explained as a consequence of the management model adopted by the States. Therefore, many countries adopted new forms of State administration based on characteristics of the private companies. In Brazil, it was performed by the "Plano Diretor de Reforma do Aparelho de Estado (PDRAE)" published in 1995. The civil, political and social rights presented changes in the form how the Brazilian state granted them. As one of the consequences, the State perform some public-private partnerships like the municipality¿s purchase of "private educational systems" with consequences to the educational right. This thesis identified and characterized actions taken by the public prosecutors regarding the acquisitions of "private educational systems" by some mayor's offices in the São Paulo state, between the years 2003 and 2010. Therefore, the cities that had public prosecutors actions upon these acquisitions were mapped, and then the analysis was focused on the cities of Barueri, Vinhedo and Itirapina by using "semi-structured interviews" with the public prosecutors that were involved in the cases. The state's prosecutors of São Paulo are acting upon these acquisitions under the perspective of the laws that regulates the public properties and the service's that concerns the Public hiring. However, there are laws, that concerns to the Brazilians educational rights, that the public prosecutors aren't neither acting nor even looking at. These partnerships challenges the institution of the state because they are novelty, because the public prosecutors aren't well formed to act upon the 1988¿s Constitutionals educational rights and because they haven't enough personal or material that the quantity and quality of their job demands. The research reveals that the state is starting to look more at these acquisitions / Mestrado / Ciencias Sociais na Educação / Mestre em Educação

Submitted by Natalie Mendes (nataliermendes@gmail.com) on 2015-11-11T23:58:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O FINAL V?NIA - 20.06.2013.pdf: 1101732 bytes, checksum: d7700f97eb4585cc16f42880eb68f6ff (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-11T23:58:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O FINAL V?NIA - 20.06.2013.pdf: 1101732 bytes, checksum: d7700f97eb4585cc16f42880eb68f6ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-20 / This research discusses the involvement of the business community in educational policies undertaken in the municipal education Feira de Santana - BA, in the period 2001-2008. For this study elected as central research question: what are the guidelines for entrepreneurship education and how they materialize in educational policies for the municipal education Feira de Santana? The insertion of the business while educational policy makers, through their social organizations, dating back to the processes of administrative reform of the 1990s, and has as argument the alleged inability of the state to guarantee social rights, shifting this role for public non-state actors. Aim sought to analyze the concepts and actions of partnership programs between business and the municipal government of Feira de Santana. The research was based on qualitative content analysis, and sought to articulate the political analysis of educational policies proposed by the business and accepted by the city government, through partnership programs between 2001-2008, taking as main categories of analysis the concepts of State and Corporate Social Responsibility. The corpus of the study consisted of official documents, print and digital, which indicated guidelines of the educational policies of the municipal government of Feira de Santana; newspaper reports indicated that print and digital aspects of education and municipal; documents programs resulting from partnerships between the Municipal Education Feira de Santana and companies in the period 2001-2008. It was found that between the years 2001 to 2004, partnerships were characterized by actions more specific programs, intensifying their actions in the second administration of Mayor Jose Ronaldo de Carvalho, from 2005 to 2008, when the partnership strategies and interventions entrepreneurs took new shape, becoming more refined and enduring. The focus became the management and efficient educational programs focused on the environment and social inclusion have become more comprehensive. The study concluded that the interventions of entrepreneurship in education policy under the umbrella of corporate social responsibility (CSR), hereby becoming an important vector for the promotion of corporate image as promoters of social services, having as theme the implementation of a model efficient and standard productivity found in business management. / Esta pesquisa problematiza a interven??o do empresariado nas pol?ticas educacionais empreendidas na rede municipal de educa??o de Feira de Santana ? BA, no per?odo de 2001 a 2008. Para isso, o estudo elegeu como quest?o central de investiga??o: quais s?o as diretrizes do empresariado para a educa??o e como elas se materializam em pol?ticas educacionais para o sistema municipal de educa??o de Feira de Santana? A inser??o do empresariado enquanto formuladores de pol?ticas educacionais, atrav?s de suas organiza??es sociais, remonta aos processos de reforma administrativa da d?cada de 1990, e apresenta como argumento a suposta incapacidade do Estado em garantir os direitos sociais, deslocando este papel para as organiza??es p?blicas n?o-estatais. Como objetivo buscou-se analisar as concep??es e a??es dos programas de parcerias entre o empresariado e o governo municipal de Feira de Santana. A pesquisa baseou-se na an?lise de conte?do qualitativa, e procurou articular a an?lise pol?tica das pol?ticas educacionais proposta pelo empresariado e acolhidas pelo governo municipal, atrav?s de programas de parcerias, entre 2001 a 2008, tomando como principais categorias de an?lises os conceitos de Estado e Responsabilidade Social Empresarial. O corpus do estudo foi constitu?do de documentos oficiais, impressos e digitais, que indicaram diretrizes das pol?ticas educacionais do governo municipal de Feira de Santana; not?cias de jornais impressos e digitais que apontaram aspectos sobre a educa??o municipal e; documentos dos programas resultantes de parcerias entre a Secretaria Municipal de Educa??o de Feira de Santana e empresas, no per?odo de 2001 a 2008. Identificou-se que, entre os anos de 2001 a 2004, as parcerias se caracterizaram por a??es de programas mais pontuais, intensificando suas a??es na segunda gest?o do prefeito Jos? Ronaldo de Carvalho, entre 2005 a 2008, quando as estrat?gias de parcerias e interven??es do empresariado tomaram novos contornos, tornando-se mais refinadas e duradouras. O foco passou a ser a gest?o educacional eficiente e os programas voltados para o meio ambiente e inclus?o social, tornaram-se mais abrangentes. O estudo concluiu que as interven??es do empresariado nas pol?ticas educacionais, sob a ?gide da responsabilidade social empresarial (RSE), v?m se constituindo num importante vetor para a promo??o da imagem das empresas como promotores de servi?os sociais, tendo como mote a implanta??o de um modelo eficiente e um padr?o de produtividade, encontrado na gest?o empresarial.

The world is changing. With more complex products and services available, shortened life cycles, and shifts in customers behavior due to the increased availability of information, companies needs to explore new capabilities and organizational practices to effectively preserve a competitive advantage through new innovations. A competitive advantage is said to be difficult to create and sustain in today’s markets. Many startups and corporates, are therefore, changing their innovation processes from a traditional linear process to more of an open process. Many scholars have studied this phenomenon from a corporate perspective, leaving a gap in existing literature on how startups are contributing with their innovative and entrepreneurial mindset to the context of open innovation. It is visible that startups are possessing an extensive amount of exploration capabilities, while lacking capabilities related to exploitation. Finding a balance between exploration and exploitation capabilities is an issue for startups due to its limitations of resources. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to distinguish how an innovation hub enables startups with balancing exploration and exploitation capabilities. For this study, the innovation hub of our choosing is Ignite. Based on the literature review and the identified research gaps, the following research question has been formulated to investigate the phenomenon of balancing organizational capabilities from a startup perspective: RQ: How can an innovation hub help startups find a balance between exploration and exploitation capabilities? To properly answer the research question, the chosen research approach was selected as a qualitative research method. The empirical findings were gathered from 11 semi-structured interviews, where nine interviews have been with managers from startups active in Ignite and two interviews with team members from Ignite. In addition to the empirical findings, we developed a proposed framework that explains the whole process of startups being active in Ignite from pre-intervention, addressing challenges related to startups and the reasons why they should engage in being active in an innovation hub, to post-intervention, addressing the possible outcomes received by being active in Ignite. To conclude, this thesis contributes with an understanding on how startups may use a third party, such as Ignite, to get help with the balancing act of exploration and exploitation capabilities. The findings show that the third party is helping the startups with balancing their organizational capabilities in an indirect way. This is done through Ignite’s accurate matchmaking process and their deep understanding about which capabilities the big corporations are looking for, which Ignite gathers from a needs analysis together with the big corporation. From this thesis, startups as well as big corporations, will understand the importance of involving a third party for the purpose of creating and sustaining a competitive advantage by balancing their exploration and exploitation capabilities.

As a response to the ‘Grand Challenges’ of the 21st century such as climate change and social inequalities, the achievement of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), released by the United Nations in 2015, became a matter of urgency. The SDGs are a continuation of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) aiming to cover an even broader scope of social, environmental and economic challenges. To ensure that the 2030 Agenda, represented by 17 goals and 169 underlying targets, becomes a positive force for all available resources have to act in concert. Governments, NGOs, civil society and the private sector bear the responsibility to guide the way of transformation towards a more sustainable future. However, the most significant shift regarding the development of the SDGs has been the central role of the private sector that is considered to be a key player towards the accomplishment of the 2030 Agenda. In order examine the role and contribution of the private sector, the thesis aims to contribute to previous research within a five-step investigation: (1) analysis of which business opportunities or challenges emerge out of active involvement with the SDGs, (2) how partnerships or collaborations can contribute to a more effective implementation process, (3) whether goal prioritization is of relevance to advance the progress of SDG implementation, (4) how the SDG progress can be measured, reported and communicated and lastly (5) how effectively (Swedish) companies have currently managed to implement the Global Goals into their business operations. Based on the review of the literature and the identified research gaps, the following research question has been formulated to gain in-depth knowledge and investigate the phenomenon of the overall research purpose:   RQ: How do companies in the private sector implement the SDGs into their business operations and what are the determinants that drive the progress of the implementation? This study has been conducted through a qualitative research approach consisting of interviews with private sector representatives, governmental and non-governmental organizations. The framework for this study is based on three elements of theory: (1) Stakeholder Theory by Edward Freeman (1984), outlining how sustainable development can be approached with a stakeholder mindset, (2) the Triple-Bottom-Line approach by Elkington (1997) characterized by efforts to localize universal concepts of sustainability and (3) Sustainable Business Model Innovation represented by the Flourishing Business Model Canvas (Upward 2013, 2016) and the Triple Layered Business Model Canvas (Joyce and Paquin, 2016) supporting individuals and organizations seeking competitive sustainability-oriented change. The main conclusion of this research includes the requirement of a shift of how the Global Goals are approached by the private sector. SDG implementation or sustainable actions in general are not to be seen as an add on but need to be actively integrated into core business operations. However, to initiate fruitful change the expected role of the private sector needs to be clearly communicated. Identified actions to drive the progress of SDG implementation range from increased partnership engagement, the prioritization of goals up to the measurement and reporting on sustainable efforts taken. Finally, Credible Sustainability Standards turned out to be the most promising solution to eradicate many of the by our participants identified shortcomings of the Global Goals.

Social determinants of health (SDOH) are often used to discuss health inequities and systemic barriers experienced by minority populations. In the United States, the intersection of SDOH leaves these populations vulnerable to negative health outcomes. Missing from the SDOH discourse are the underlying historical causes for these disparities. Medical-Legal Partnerships (MLPs) have undertaken the role of educating the health and human services (HHS) workforce on interdisciplinary collaboration, cultural competence, and the skills to recognize experiences of negative SDOH. However, current research does not explore the foundational impact of historical trauma, more specifically Post Traumatic Slave Syndrome (PTSS), on experiences of negative SDOH. This ethnography primarily uses the personal accounts of black female HHS workforce members and participant observation from within a MLP to examine how historical trauma acts as a foundation for understanding the complex interactions of SDOH. The SDOH discourse does not challenge the medical and legal institutions that contribute to how minority populations experience negative SDOH. As currently structured, MLPs unintentionally reproduce a pedagogical narrative that erases the lived experiences of SDOH by only focusing on individual factors and not systems. Black female HHS workforce members agree that historical context is missing (e.g. PTSS) from the SDOH discourse and contemporary experiences of racism and discrimination. Historical context would change how HHS workforce members advocate for their patients as well as engage in system-challenging praxis within the medical and legal institutions. This suggests the need to examine how American institutions exclude particular histories and reinforces a white supremacist and patriarchal narrative.