Pension fund investments have been under the spotlight lately, particularly on the back of the recent global financial and economic crisis that resulted in a significant reduction in pension fund assets across economies. Increased poverty levels and high financial indebtedness abound, as workers grapple with retrenchments, reduction in retirement benefits and reduced wages. This is causing a re-assessment of investment strategies of pension funds across the globe, and increasing support for the argument that, the traditional equity/government bond asset allocation is out - fashioned in a world of lower returns and wider choices. Pension funds by virtue of their size, can impact the society directly and/or indirectly through investments in companies that incorporate environmental, social and governance issues in their corporate behaviours, or in dedicated socially responsible investment funds or other forms of alternative investments. This study sought to provide a link between the investment patterns of pension funds and national economic development. An in-depth literature review was undertaken, and investments impacts were assessed by looking at published reports of select funds and corporations. Pension funds are an integral part of a nation‟s economy. This research work established the various dimensions in which pension fund investments can impact the socio economic development of a country, especially in developing countries, where there exists a huge infrastructural and economic gap among different sectors of the economy. Pension funds are workers capital, and therefore should be invested in a manner that will benefit workers, and these benefits cannot be restricted to mere financial benefits, it should be able to generate social, financial and environmental benefits, and in a sustainable way.

The aim of this study is to determine the quantitative impact of changes to the pension system in the Czech Republic valid from January 1, 2013 on public budgets. Changes include the introduction of a funded second-pillar pension scheme and the adjustment of pension schemes under the third pillar. The theoretical part describes the basis of social policy in the areas of pensions, and characterize and compare concepts of pension systems. Following practical part analyzes recent developments in the Czech Republic, the essence of changes to the pension system and the interest of the population to use them. The aim of the study is fulfiled by quantifying impact on public budget. Subsequent analysis shows that changes may help to stabilize it in the next decades, however, a departure from the PAYG system is not required. The introduced second pillar can be problematic in ceratin respects for participants. Additional pension savings in the third pillar is a useful supplement to old age security.

This thesis deals with problematics of pension schemes. First part contains characteristics of pensions schemes and short overview about deveplopment of this product in Czech Republic. In following parts, problems of pension schemes are described and characteristics of its successor pension packages are listed. In the final part, there is described life insurance as a main competitor to pension schemes and those two products are thoroughly compared.

The graduation theses is analyzing possibilities of pension reform in the Czech republic, proposals of political parties and financial group ING and then is considering situation in other europian countries and in the USA.

The purpose of this thesis is an analysis of the development of the pension system in the Czech Republic since 1989. The emphasis is placed on reform provisions and on their impact on public budgets. Future direction is discussed next. The demographic development raises concerns about the financial sustainability of pension systems. The changes in the structure of the system were made after several years of discussions and a number of parametric adjustments. The question of sustainability is not closed yet. Recent changes are canceled and the system returned to the previous state. The reason was a lack of political and general agreement about this type of reform. The theoretical part deals with the definition of public budgets with a focus on social security. The importance and the function of pension systems are characterized in the next section. Pension systems are classified by the operator, by the method of calculating pension benefits and by the type of funding. Each pension system is based on tradition and is influenced by the development of society in the political, economic and social fields. In the practical part is performed the analysis of the pension system structured according to the periods. The impact of the reform provisions is illustrated on the state of public budgets. The thesis concludes that the initial efforts to change the system fundamentally will be replaced by attempts to implement minor adjustments. In the case of structural reform in the future it could be considered the application of modern pension theory, which recommends Pan-European pension system.

1. In the theoretical part: theoretical determination of retirement (pension) systems, determination of the pillared system in Slovak retirement sphere. 2. In the practical part: analysis of demographic situation, and resulting solutions for the innitiated Slovak pension reform, analysis and evaluation, in main features, of Slovak pension reform that was begun in the past. 3. Slovak pension reform evaluation with determination of its possible application for the Czech republic.

My diploma thesis aims at legislation changes within pension scheme and employee benefits. The focus of my work is a detailed analysis of the present pension reform and consequently its effects on the attitude of companies. This matter is then analyzed based on my own practical research. At the same time my diploma thesis continues my bachelor's thesis dealing in detail the matter of Comparison of Motivation Efficiency of Pension Scheme and Life Insurance by Individual Providers.

The subject of diploma thesis is the pension system in the Czech Republic. We warn about the deficit increase in the future and suggest taking the number of children raised into consideration in the pension system construction. Pension system in the Czech Republic is described in detail. The first "pay-as-you-go" pillar represents the main part of the system. It could bring financial problems (if the retirement pension and pension income tax will stay at the same level as now) considering the expected trends in demography. Population projection was calculated using cohort component method (including migration). The threshold for the projection is year 2011, projection is calculated with 100-year horizon. There were also calculated revenues and expenses of the pension system for each projected year. If the expected parameters of the projection will be realized, the deficit of pension system in the hundred year period will reach 9.5 billion Kč (prices 2011). It represents the deficit 95.3 milliard Kč each year in the average. To reduce the deficit it is possible to increase the pension tax paid by productive people. But it could also bring the decline of fertility, because lower income could make people decide to reduce number of children. It would deepen the problems in the pay-as-you-go system. The financial problem of pension system could be solved by taking the number of children raised into consideration of the pension system construction. It would eliminate the situation that it is economically more favourable to be childless during the life. It could also bring the fertility increase. In the diploma thesis the value of the deficit is simulated for the various parameters of pension system and for the various demographic development in the future.

My diploma dissertation concerns the theoretical introduction of the retirement system, economic theories and the cause of the retirement reform in the first part. The second part represents the analysis of so-called small retirement reform and is focused on the retirement system since the beginning in 2013 with the accent to newly established retirement saving. The aim of my diploma dissertation is the evaluation of the existing functioning of the second pillar and the reasons of the low interest of the inhabitants. The comparison with the chosen states where the retirement saving already operates is a part of the second pillar analysis. Slovakia and Hungary are the European representatives with the similar schema of the retirement system and Chilean system is based on the fund financing. The opinion of the population was checked with the questioning. The pivotal part of my diploma dissertation and its main goal is the analysis of the second pillar accession availability from the age, income, family situation, investment strategy point of view and other criteria. The strategy with the low earning is suitable for the higher incomes only as resulted from the calculation. The more aggressive investment strategy with higher earning is convenient for the younger people with lower income and the older the more suitable access contingent on the higher income. As there is no interest in the second pillar participation the goal of my diploma dissertation is the proposal of alternative methods as investment or saving products of the bank institution for the old age security.

Thesis (LLM. (Labour Law)) -- University of Limpopo, 2015 / This mini-dissertation discusses the legal reform of the taxation of pension benefits under the South African law. This study also discusses how South African pension benefits are taxed in instances wherein the member exits the fund either as a result of resignation, death, dismissal, retrenchment, disability and retirement. It further discusses the comparative study between South Africa, Canada, Australia and United Kingdom