With origins in skateboard and surfing culture, snowboarding has grown to become a mainstream recreational and professional sport, officially recognized in the Olympic Games. This popularity can be attributed to several factors, including the sub-culture of rebellion and self-expression it embodies and the daring, dynamic aerial maneuvers and stunts often portrayed in the media. However, the sport also exposes participants to a well-documented injury pattern, with injuries rates typically twice as frequent as those seen in skiing. While a number of studies have shown existing snowboarding safety products reduce the risk of injury, these readily available products are not widely used among participants who view them as “uncool” and “unnecessary”. Exploring how affective features and attributes can improve the desirability of a forecast snowboarding personal protective equipment (PPE) product, this thesis proposes that a primary requirement for these products must be desirability - to make attractive, to create a positive impression, to strengthen ones identity and engender appreciation. Responding to these emotional needs, this thesis presents a proposal for a product designed to enhance user-experience, challenging the current philosophy of safety products and their ‘uncool’ perceptions.

Social and economical development of human society, in this case on the example of Czech republic, logicaly leads to improvement and invention of new individual protection instruments. Maximum protection in proportion to the lowest mobility limitation is the purpose. Diploma thesis explains, firstly, the basic concepts to make clear, what the issue concerns and getting better understanding for people.. It also deals with clothing comfort for firefighters. Clothing comfort can be divided into four groups and as the complex of essential for proper performance and convenience of trespassing firefighter. It is a condition where the optimal physiological functions of the body and neither clothing nor the environment does not create discomfort. Next section of diploma thesis describes the personal protective equipment to protect life and health trespassing firefighter and thereby increase its work in various special occurrences. Each unit of firefighters should be equipped with personal protection equipments, and instructed on how their use it, maintenance and periodic inspection. Another section of the theoretical part is devoted to the means of individual protection, which also protects the body of firefighter and his respiratory system. There are the types of breathing apparatus and a description of the knowledge that a firefighter must have to use the breathing apparatus to be optimized in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and do not endanger the life of the user. Term minute ventilation is there also explained. Each person has a unique minute ventilation, which is very individual and depends on the work performed. Next point is the kinds of chemical protection suits, which are used during interventions, where the environment is contaminated with hazardous substances. The work of firefighters affects also negative effects. This issue is discussed in the next chapter, which describes the negative effects caused by the occurrence itself and the negative effects caused by climatic conditions at the location. The particular hierarchy of the fire brigade described in the next section, that deals with the General Directorate of Fire Rescue, the Fire Corps Rescue of country and fire protection units and their categories. The types of hazardous substances under the Chemicals Act and in accordance with the Order of chemical services are the last point of the theoretical part. The experiment is described and evaluated in practical part of diploma thesis which was attended by seven firefighters from the firefighter station Petřiny. Firefighters had to gradually undergo a prescribed route, they passed each time using a different suit. In order to avoid skewing the results, the firefighters between attempts to allow sufficient time for stale and soothe the body. They were obtained evaluation parameters in this way that were in the part of result processed and evaluated for total and average air consumption. The values, that were obtained, were subsequently processed into tables and graphs and the results were solved by using comparison and statistical methods. Conclusion of the work is devoted to the evaluation of the optimal protection of the firefighters, proposing measures for improvement and verification of the hypothesis that the performance of member of Prague rescue service is limited by individual protective means in extreme climatic conditions and load performance.

Submitted by DIEGO LOBON JIMENEZ FILHO null (jfilho2015@gmail.com) on 2016-11-29T16:57:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Diego_Lobon_Jimenez_Filho.pdf: 3364578 bytes, checksum: 8e70ceb974949881166a72cb68d4f112 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-11-30T18:48:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 jimenezfilho_dl_dr_jabo.pdf: 3364578 bytes, checksum: 8e70ceb974949881166a72cb68d4f112 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-30T18:48:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 jimenezfilho_dl_dr_jabo.pdf: 3364578 bytes, checksum: 8e70ceb974949881166a72cb68d4f112 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-18 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O objetivo geral do estudo foi avaliar os riscos sanitários associados ao uso de fontes exógenas de hormônios sexuais nos programas de sincronização e indução de ovulação “Inseminação Artificial em Tempo Fixo (IATF)”, “Transferência de Embriões em Tempo Fixo (TETF)”, "Superestimulação ovariana (SOV)” sobre a saúde coletiva e meio ambiente. Para isto, o trabalho foi dividido em quatro capítulos. O primeiro capítulo apresenta as considerações gerais sobre legislação, período de carência, equipamentos de proteção individual, grupos de risco e resíduos sólidos de saúde. No segundo capítulo o objetivo foi avaliar o conhecimento e a percepção de risco dos criadores de bovinos e médicos veterinários na utilização de hormônios e determinar os possíveis riscos para a saúde coletiva. Neste experimento foram entrevistados 65 criadores e 40 médicos veterinários que utilizavam hormônios nos programas de reprodução assistida em bovinos (IATF, TETF, SOV). A análise de correspondência múltipla foi processada com os fatores socioeconômicos (escolaridade, tempo na atividade) e a percepção de risco no uso de hormônios reprodutivos. A totalidade dos criadores entrevistados afirmaram que “os estabelecimentos que comercializam produtos veterinários não exigiram prescrição veterinária para a venda dos hormônios”. Os “períodos de carências” na carne e no leite eram desconhecidos por 69,2% dos criadores e por 65% dos médicos veterinários. Dos profissionais que afirmaram conhecer a informação, apenas dois a citaram corretamente. O “uso de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI)” durante a manipulação dos hormônios foi declarado por 56,9% dos criadores e 92,5% dos médicos veterinários, sendo “as luvas de procedimentos” o EPI mais utilizado. Ao serem questionados sobre “o grupo de pessoas inaptas à manipulação hormonal”, 21,5% dos criadores e 62,5% dos médicos veterinários afirmaram conhecer o grupo de risco. Houve associação entre criadores com “ensino superior” e “tempo na atividade menor que 5 anos” com a variável “conhece o grupo de pessoas que não deve manipular hormônios” (p < 0,01). O fator socioeconômico dos médicos veterinários “mais de 11 anos na atividade” também apresentou associação com a variável “conhece o período de carência” (p < 0,05). O terceiro capítulo teve como objetivo avaliar o conhecimento dos criadores e médicos veterinários sobre o descarte dos resíduos sólidos de saúde (RSS) e avaliar a possível contaminação ambiental durante a lavagem dos dispositivos intravaginais de progesterona. Foram consideradas questões socioeconômicas e sobre o descarte dos RSS. Além das entrevistas, foram realizadas análises de progestinas na água utilizada na lavagem dos dispositivos intravaginais de progesterona. As progestinas foram extraídas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC) e analisadas por espectrometria de massas sequencial (MS/MS). Dos 65 criadores, 18,5% disseram ter “recebido orientação de como promover o descarte dos RSS”, entretanto, apenas um criador entrevistado promove o “correto descarte desse material”. A prática de queima dos RSS é realizada por 86% dos criadores. A quantidade de progesterona que sobrou no resíduo da água utilizada na lavagem dos dispositivos foi de não detectável a 515 µg/kg. O quarto capítulo traz orientações para manuseio dos hormônios reprodutivos e orientações para o descarte dos resíduos sólidos de saúde gerados durante os programas de reprodução assistida em bovinos. Por fim, conclui-se que existe falta de informação entre criadores e médicos veterinários sobre os períodos de carências dos hormônios, a importância do uso de EPI na sua manipulação, o grupo de pessoas que não deve manipular os hormônios, a exigência da prescrição veterinária para compra dos fármacos e o modo de descarte dos RSS gerados durante os protocolos hormonais. / The overall objective of this study was to investigate health risks associated to manipulation of exogenous sources of sex hormones for ovulation induction and synchronization, such as through “fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI)”, “fixed-time embryo transfer (FTET)”, "over-stimulation of the ovary (SOV)”; evaluating potential effects on public health and to the environment. For this purpose, we divided this study into four chapters. The first describes current legal considerations, withholding periods, personal protective equipment (PPE), risk groups and health solid wastes. In the second chapter, it was aimed to test the knowledge and perception of cattle raisers and veterinaries on the use of hormones, as well as determining potential risks against public health. In this part, hormone users, among 65 breeders and 40 vet doctors, from a bovine assisted-reproduction program were surveyed (using FTAI, FTET, and SOV methods). Multiple-correspondence analysis was performed on socioeconomic factors as education level and experience time, as well as on respondents’ perception of risk regarding manipulation of reproductive hormones. All of the surveyed farmers said that no requirement of prescriptions by vet facilities to the purchasing of hormones. Surprisingly, meat and milk withholding periods were unknown by 69.2% breeders and 65% veterinarians. Of the professionals who claimed to know the information, solely two of them specified it correctly. PPE use while handling hormones was stated by 56.9% raisers and 92.5% vets, among which surgical gloves was mostly used. When questioned about the inability of some people to manipulate hormones, 21.5% farmers and 62.5% doctors declared being aware of such risk group. Interestingly, one can note an association between higher-education breeders working less than 5 years in the activity to the variable "knowledge of the group risk for hormonal manipulation (p < 0.01). Veterinarians with more than 11 years in the activity were also associated to the variable "knowledge on withholding period" (p < 0.05). The third chapter aims at evaluating the knowledge of veterinarians and breeders on the disposal of health solid waste (HSW), as well as ascertaining potential environmental contamination during washing out of intravaginal progesterone devices. Furthermore, socioeconomic issues regarding the HSW disposal were also taken into consideration. In addition to the surveys, progestin analyses were made in water used in the washing of intravaginal progesterone devices. Progestin was extracted by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). From the 65 surveyed farmers, 18.5% declared they had "been oriented on how to dispose HSW"; however, only one performs it properly. Nearly 86% raisers perform the burning of HSW. Nonetheless, the amount of progesterone left in wastewater from washings was of an undetectable level (515 µg/kg). The fourth chapter come out with guidelines on HSW disposal during reproductive-hormone manipulation in bovine assisted-breeding programs. Finally, we may conclude that there is a lack of information among breeders and veterinarians on withholding periods for hormones, PPE use importance during manipulation, group of people unable to manipulate hormones, veterinarian prescription requirement for drug purchasing and disposal manner of HSWs generated during hormone protocols. / CNPq: 142282/2013-8

Abstrakt Inledning: Nya coronavirus har under de senaste årtionden uppstått och bidragit till allvarliga luftvägssjukdomar. SARS-CoV-2 är det senaste coronaviruset och har brutit ut globalt som en pandemi. Sjukdomen har fått namnet COVID-19 och har orsakat ett högt antal dödsfall i många länder. Röntgensjuksköterskan är en av de första som träffar patienter med misstänkt eller bekräftad COVID-19 då röntgen är en viktig del i sjukdomens utredning. Striktare åtgärder måste vidtas för att förhindra smittspridning samt minska risken att fler människor insjuknar och dör. Syfte: Att kartlägga och sammanställa vilka förutsättningar som möjliggör röntgensjuksköterskans arbete med att förhindra smittspridningen av coronavirus på röntgenavdelningen. Metod: Examensarbetet genomfördes som en litteraturöversikt baserad på 13 vetenskapliga artiklar som söktes i Cinahl och PubMed. Resultat: Röntgensjuksköterskans åtgärder presenteras under tre teman: organisatoriska åtgärder, kompetensåtgärder för röntgensjuksköterskan och skyddsåtgärder mot viruset. Slutsats: Röntgensjuksköterskan riskerar att bli smittad och därmed föra smittan vidare till övriga samhället, så därför är det viktigt att korrekta skyddsåtgärder vidtas. För att minska smittspridning måste strikt införande av handhygien tillämpas och personlig skyddsutrustning som visir eller skyddsglasögon, ett N95 eller högre andningsskydd, skyddshandskar och långärmat förkläde användas. Coronaviruset utgör ett stort globalt hot mot folkhälsan och beslutsfattare måste förstå allvaret och påskynda striktare insatser, så att röntgensjuksköterskan kan hantera den pågående pandemin. / Abstract Introduction: Novel coronaviruses have emerged in recent decades and contributed to serious respiratory diseases. SARS-CoV-2 is the latest coronavirus and has spread around the world as a pandemic. The disease has been named COVID-19 and has caused a high number of deaths in many countries. The X-ray nurse is one of the first to see patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 as the X-ray examination is an important part of the disease investigation. Stricter measures must be taken to prevent the spread of infection and to reduce the risk of more people becoming ill and dying. Aim: To map and compile measures that the X-ray nurse can take to prevent the spread of coronavirus in the radiology department. Method: The degree project was conducted as a literature review based on 13 scientific articles searched in Cinahl and PubMed. Results: The X-ray nurse's measures are presented under three themes: organizational measures, competence measures for the X-ray nurse and protective measures against the virus. Conclusion: The X-ray nurse risks becoming infected and thus passing the infection on to the rest of society, therefore it is important that correct protective measures are taken. To reduce the spread of infection, strict hand hygiene requirements must be applied and personal protective equipment such as visors or goggles, an N95 or higher respiratory protection, protective gloves and a long-sleeved apron must be used. The coronavirus poses a major global threat to public health and policy makers need to understand the seriousness and accelerate stricter efforts so that the X-ray nurse can deal with the ongoing pandemic.

No description available.

Background. The amount of waste generated each year is increased, research indicates that 79 % of plastic waste is dumped in landfills, 12% to incinerated and 9% of the plastics are recycled. At the beginning of the year 2020, an increase in personal protective equipment (PPE) was noted as a direct result of the Covid-19 pandemic that spread around the world. As a foundation to the waste problem in society, VolvoGroup presented its zero mission goals. The zero missions goals were to be captured in a problem space provided by Volvo. A problem space that students at Blekinge Institute of Technology and Stanford University were set out to find a solution to. Objectives. The objectives of this thesis were through the Design Thinking strategy to find solutions that are circular and applied as a PSS. The goal is to apply a circular system of which Volvo Group can apply in their line of work, also to transition this solution into other areas, e.g. healthcare. Methods. For research measures, the Design Research Methodology was used to frame the research and Design Thinking to frame the design process. Results. The result presented is a machine that can provide Volvo Group or healthcare with circular single-use gloves. The circular aspects are enabled by a certain material, allowing the created system to be circular. The system is applied as a product-service system, enhancing the availability of gloves in either healthcare or inside Volvo Group. Conclusions. The circular system applied as a PSS satisfies the goals by Volvo Group by reducing waste generated, increasing availability of protective equipment, thus increasing the safety of users in need of PPE. The created circular system has the potential to be applied in other areas than waste management and healthcare, which can be proved through future research. / Bakgrund. Mängden sopor som slängs ökar för vart år som går. Forskning visar att79% av all plast som slängs går till deponi, 12% går till förbränning och resterandemängd plast (9%) återvinns. Under år 2020 har förbrukningen av skyddsartiklar av engångstyp ökat på grund av den Covid-19-pandemi som bröt ut i början av året. Den ökade förbrukningen har sin tur medfört nedskräpning av skyddsartiklar i naturen i en ökad omfattning. Till följd av detta har Volvo Group utformat ett uppdrag i syfte att få hjälp med att nå sin nollvision. Visionen innebär att utsläpp, olyckor och produktionsstopp ska upphöra helt och hållet. Uppdraget tilldelades en gruppstudenter på Blekinge Tekniska Högskola och Stanford University. Studenterna fick i uppgift att angripa problemet och komma med en lösning som uppfyller företagets nollvision. Syfte. Syftet med denna rapport är att genom design thinking- strategin finna en lösning som kan skapa ett cirkulärt system och appliceras som ett produkt-servicesystem (PSS). Målet är att kunna applicera detta system inom Volvo koncernen, men att även kunna presentera möjligheten att göra systemet tillämpningsbart inom sjukvården. Metod. I rent forskningssyfte användes Design Research Methodology för att rama in forskningen som skedde parallellt med utvecklingsprocessen. Utvecklingsprocessen följde ramarna för Design Thinking som presenterar olika typer av verktyg för design och utveckling av en produkt. Resultat. Det resultat som presenteras i denna rapport är ett cirkulärt system applicerat i en form av en PSS. Det som möjliggör detta system är ett material som tillåter reproduktion av engångshandskar som går att applicera inom sophanteringsindustrin. Detta indikerar även på att ett likande system kan medföra att sjukvården kan bli självständig i sitt användande av skyddsutrustning. Slutsatser. Ett cirkulärt system som uppfyller Volvos nollvision genom att skydda deras arbetare sluter ett kretslopp för en typ av skyddsutrustning. Det leder även tillökad tillgänglighet av utrusning. Detta system har potentialen att appliceras inom sjukvården i form av ett centraliserat system på sjukhus som tillför mindre enheter med tillverkade handskar.

In der heutigen Gesellschaft verzeichnet die Nutzung persönlicher Schutzausrüstung (PSA) als Vorbeugung gegen Übergriffe einen stetig wachsenden Trend. Dieser beschränkt sich nicht mehr nur auf Polizeikräfte, sondern erstreckt sich zunehmend auf weitere Berufsgruppen, einschließlich Feuerwehr- und Rettungsdienstpersonal, Mitarbeiter im öffentlichen Dienst sowie im privaten Sektor. Der Schwerpunkt dieser Forschungsarbeit liegt auf der innovativen Entwicklung additiv gefertigter Stichschutzwesten, basierend auf bioinspirierten und skalierbaren Schutzelementen. Das Ziel ist, einen hohen Schutz gegen Messerstiche gemäß der deutschen VPAM-KDIW 2004 K1 Prüfrichtlinie mit sehr gutem Tragekomfort zu kombinieren. Im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Westen, die oft große, starre Platten verwenden, kann diese Neuentwicklung die Akzeptanz von Schutzwesten bei Sicherheitskräften und anderen Zielgruppen erhöhen, da sie neben Schutz auch Komfort in verschiedenen Anwendungsszenarien bietet. 3-D-Körperscans dienten als Grundlage für die Erstellung der Schnittmuster der Schutzwesten und die individuelle Anpassung der Schutzstrukturen an die Körperkonturen und -krümmungen. Für die Bestimmung der Körperkrümmung wurde eine neuartige, automatisierte Methode entwickelt, die auch die Analyse und Berechnung von Körperkrümmungen in dynamischen Bewegungsszenarien ermöglicht. Verschiedene bioinspirierte Schutzstrukturen wurden mittels Fused Layer Modeling (FLM) und dem Continuous Filament Fabrication (CFF)-Verfahren gefertigt und in Anlehnung gemäß der deutschen VPAM-KDIW-Richtlinie getestet. Die Forschung konzentriert sich auf die Optimierung der Additive-Manufacturing-Prozessparameter, einschließlich der Materialauswahl, der Schichtanzahl, des Faservolumengehalts und der Faserorientierung. Die finale Materialkombination besteht aus einer Hochleistungspolymermatrix und Endlosfaserverstärkungen. Das Ergebnis ist eine stichhemmende Weste mit einem individuell gefertigten Schutzpaneel für einen Anwender. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass individueller Schutz durch den Einsatz des CFF-Verfahrens realisierbar ist. / In today's society, the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) as a prevention against assaults is experiencing a steadily growing trend. This is no longer limited to police forces, but is increasingly extending to other occupational groups, including fire and rescue service personnel, public service employees and the private sector. The focus of this research is on the innovative development of additively manufactured stab-proof vests, based on bio-inspired and scalable protective structures. The aim is to combine a high level of protection according to the German VPAM-KDIW 2004 K1 guideline with very good wearing comfort. Compared to traditional vests, which often use large, rigid panels, this new development can increase the acceptance of protective waistcoats among security forces and other target groups, as it offers not only protection but also comfort in various application scenarios. 3-D body scans served as the basis for creating the pattern for the protective vests and individual adaptation of the protective structures to the body contours and curvatures. A new, automated method was developed for determining body curvature, which also allows for the analysis and calculation of body curvatures in dynamic movement scenarios. Various bio-inspired protective structures have been manufactured using Fused Layer Modeling (FLM) and Continuous Filament Fabrication (CFF) processes and tested according to the German VPAM-KDIW guidelines. The research focuses on optimizing the Additive Manufacturing process parameters, including material selection, number of layers, fiber volume content, and fiber orientation. The final material combination consisted of a high-performance polymer matrix and continuous fibre reinforcements. The result is a stab protection vest with a customised protective panel. The results show that customised protection can be realised using the CFF process.

The purpose of this study was to find out problems encountered by Foskor Mine workers in Phalaborwa with the use of personal protective equipment and also to find out how these problems can be prevented or solved. A quantitative research study was done using a questionnaire as a data gathering tool on workers who are exposed to occupational injuries and illnesses and who use personal protective equipment for their protection. The findings revealed that even though workers were using personal protective equipment they still got occupational injuries and illnesses. They also had problems with their protective equipment like incompatible types of personal protective equipment, such as weight where heavy personal protective equipment like boots were issued and very hot or cold personal protective equipment incompatible with the temperature of the environment. Some personal protective equipment like gloves were of a wrong size and caused allergy. In some instances unavailability of or unsuitable personal protective equipment posed challenges to these workers. / Health Studies / M. A. (Health Studies)

The purpose of this study was to find out problems encountered by Foskor Mine workers in Phalaborwa with the use of personal protective equipment and also to find out how these problems can be prevented or solved. A quantitative research study was done using a questionnaire as a data gathering tool on workers who are exposed to occupational injuries and illnesses and who use personal protective equipment for their protection. The findings revealed that even though workers were using personal protective equipment they still got occupational injuries and illnesses. They also had problems with their protective equipment like incompatible types of personal protective equipment, such as weight where heavy personal protective equipment like boots were issued and very hot or cold personal protective equipment incompatible with the temperature of the environment. Some personal protective equipment like gloves were of a wrong size and caused allergy. In some instances unavailability of or unsuitable personal protective equipment posed challenges to these workers. / Health Studies / M. A. (Health Studies)

The thesis, entitled "Analysis of safety in transport and servicing of transport facilities for the selected companies" deals with safety and work-related injuries in transportation and servicing of transport facilities. Occupational injury is caused by a set of several interacting factors. These factors are known as the main source and cause of work-related accidents, which affect the formation of accidents. The most important element in the protection of health and safety is prevention. To evaluate the risks is one of the fundamental principles of the concept of occupational health and safety policy that is enforced in all countries espousing the principles of safe enterprise. The need to protect the health of the individual is already firmly established even in the most basic legal document such as the Constitution of the Czech Republic. The aim of this work is to analyze the factors that are involved in causing accidents at work and on the basis of the analysis, to provide rules and recommendations for farms so that they serve as an aid in the elimination of induced injuries.