Orientador: Helena Jank / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T13:28:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barros_CassianodeAlmeida_D.pdf: 5341810 bytes, checksum: 99a81dac22a72cb50b776b11a769f334 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Este trabalho propõe a abordagem hermenêutica da teoria fraseológica de Heinrich Christoph Koch (1749-1816), considerada, desde o século XVIII, a mais clara e completa sistematização fraseológica de sua época. O objetivo é compreender historicamente como se manifesta a relação entre a gramática musical, a retórica e a estética nessa teoria, investigando as técnicas de invenção, concatenação e desenvolvimento do pensamento musical elaboradas para a persuasão, além da natureza das próprias unidades de pensamento musical, como a frase, o período, estrutura e forma. A fim de reconstituir o horizonte de sentido dessa teoria e compreender a relação entre suas partes constituintes, são examinados os tratados, ensaios e artigos de Koch e os estudos atuais relacionados. O estudo do pensamento musical setecentista e de seus mecanismos criativos conduz a uma compreensão particular do repertório neles fundamentado, na medida em que recupera parâmetros próprios dessa produção musical para os quais nossa percepção não é sensível. Isso se torna evidente na última parte do trabalho, na qual a teoria fraseológica de Koch é aplicada na análise do primeiro movimento do quarteto de cordas em sol maior, KV 387 de W. A. Mozart, obra recomendada por Koch como modelar de seu gênero / Abstract: This work proposes the hermeneutical approach of Heinrich Christoph Koch's (1749-1816) phraseological theory, considered the most clear and complete phraseological systematization of his time since eighteenth century. The objective consists in achieving a historical comprehension of how the relation among musical grammar, rhetoric and aesthetics manifests itself in this theory. It will be investigated the techniques of creation, concatenation and development of musical thought, the influence of persuasion in the application of these techniques and the nature of the units of musical thought, such as phrase, period, structure and form. In order to reconstruct the horizon of meaning of this theory and to comprehend the relation among its constituent parts, it will be examined Koch's treatises, essays and articles and the contemporary studies related to them. The study of the eighteenth century musical thought and its creative procedures conducts to a particular comprehension of the repertoire founded on them, in so far as this study recovers the own parameters of this musical production, to which our perception is not sensible. It becomes evident in the last part of this work, in which Koch's phraseological theory is applied in an analysis of the first movement of W. A. Mozart's string quartet in G major, KV 387, a piece that is recommended by Koch as being a model for its genre / Doutorado / Fundamentos Teoricos / Doutor em Música

The aim of this thesis is to introduce the linguistic situation in Gibraltar. Main attention will be paid to the special local speech, which is traditionally called llanito. To describe this phenomenon in all contexts, it must be set in the historical-cultural and linguistic context. The thesis is structured in order to clarify this context. The introductory chapter outlines the history of Gibraltar, including a comprehensive overview of the most influential ethnic groups who greatly contributed to the origin and development of the specific Gibraltarian speech with their distinct languages and cultures. Topic of the third chapter are the problems associated with the very concept of llanito. Attention is paid to the questions of terminology - alternative names for llanito are gradually analyzed, namely yanito or gibberish etc., and also hypotheses associated with these names. The fourth chapter describes the language layers in which we find the most specific features of llanito (syntax, phonetics, vocabulary and phraseology), and the nature of these features. The next chapter focuses on two Yanito dictionaries, both dictionaries containing Gibraltar terms and fixed expressions. These dictionaries are the only existing data base for llanito. The final chapter describes the current linguistic...

Dans le domaine biomédical, comme dans d’autres, la phraséologie et la terminologie sont des éléments indispensables à une communication optimale. Cependant, dans un domaine qui est caractérisé par la précision et l’objectivité, on observe une apparente contradiction : l’utilisation habituelle de la métaphore. Il ne s’agit pas, cependant, de la figure de rhétorique sous laquelle la métaphore est généralement envisagée. Il s’agit ici de la métaphore concep-tuelle, qui permet d’exprimer les modes de conceptualisation propres au domaine, tout par-ticulièrement grâce à la phraséologie. La métaphorisation conceptuelle étant liée étroite-ment aux langues-cultures, on peut se poser la question de savoir si des ouvrages traduits et des ouvrages rédigés directement dans une langue expriment des modes de conceptualisa-tion métaphorique distincts ou non. Notre étude se penche sur les modes de conceptualisation métaphorique (MCM) exprimés en espagnol dans le domaine de l’anatomie topographique. Elle s’inscrit dans un axe de re-cherche en traductologie qui s’intéresse aux modes de conceptualisation métaphorique dans le domaine biomédical. L’anatomie est un terrain d’exploration de la métaphore concep-tuelle particulièrement riche. Nous avons repéré et caractérisé les indices de conceptualisa-tion métaphorique (ICM) dans des textes extraits d’ ouvrages de référence ou d’enseignement en anatomie topographique, en nous concentrant sur les structures vascu-laires (artères et veines), les nerfs et certains muscles, avec pour objectif de comparer deux sous-corpus : l’un est composé de textes rédigés directement en espagnol et l’autre, de textes traduits dans cette langue. Nous avons caractérisé les MCM véhiculées par ces ICM et nous avons comparé les résultats obtenus dans les deux sous-corpus. Tout en tenant compte des limites de notre étude, nous montrons que le corpus rédigé en espagnol présente une plus grande variabilité de l’expression des métaphores conceptuelles que le corpus traduit. Nous espérons ainsi contribuer à une meilleure compréhension des processus de la rédaction et de la traduction spécialisées. / In biomedicine, as in other fields, phraseology and terminology are essential elements for optimal communication. Yet, in a field where precision and objectivity are highly important, there is an apparent contradiction: the usual use of metaphor. However, we are not dealing here with the rhetorical device under which metaphor is usually envisioned. What we are dealing with is the conceptual metaphor, which makes it possible to express the modes of conceptualization specific to the field, particularly through phraseology. Since conceptual metaphorisation is closely related to languages-cultures, the question arises whether trans-lated works and works written directly in a language express different modes of metaphori-cal conceptualisation or not. Our study examines the modes of metaphorical conceptualization (MMC) expressed in Span-ish in the field of topographical anatomy. It is part of a larger translation study research pro-gram, which focuses on MMCs in the biomedical field. Anatomy is a particularly rich area for the exploration of conceptual metaphor. We have identified and characterized metaphorical conceptualization indices (MCI) in in texts selected from reference books or teaching manu-als in the field of topographic anatomy, focusing on vascular structures (arteries and veins), nerves and some muscles, with the aim of comparing two sub-corpuses : one is composed of texts written directly in Spanish and the other, of texts translated into this language. We characterized the MCMs conveyed by these MCIs and compared the results obtained in the two sub-corpuses. Taking into account the limitations of our study, we show that the corpus written in Spanish presents a greater variability in the expression of conceptual metaphors than the translated corpus. We thus hope to contribute to a better understanding of the pro-cesses of specialized writing and translation.

In this thesis, we look into the level of knowledge of Czech phraseology of non-native speakers, namely Russian-speaking (Russophones). The objective is to investigate, using five case studies, what is the degree of knowledge of Czech phraseology, how the level of integration into the Czech society might influence their knowledge, or whether there may be any other relevant factors. By means of a semi-structured interview, these case studies describe respondents' language background which is later confronted with the research findings. In conclusion, results of the case studies are compared in order to identify tendencies and factors that might be significant for students when acquiring the idioms.

Dentro de las relaciones sociales, las identidades raciales no solo varían entre contextos, sino también entre interacciones específicas que influyen en el lenguaje. Este fenómeno se puede observar en los materiales audiovisuales como las películas, donde diversos personajes con motivaciones y trasfondos distintos interactúan entre sí. De este modo, un traductor debe considerar bajo qué circunstancias se usan ciertos elementos lingüísticos como términos o frases. Con esta premisa, la presente investigación propone analizar la terminología y fraseología étnico-racial de los doblajes al español latino y peninsular de la película BlacKkKlansman; esto por medio de un corpus de términos y frases étnico-raciales previamente seleccionados de la cinta. Por un lado, el análisis de contenido permite analizar cómo el uso de esta terminología y fraseología étnico-racial en contexto se agrupa de acuerdo con una situación en específico en la que transcurren los diálogos seleccionados. Por otro lado, el análisis textual contrastivo tiene la intención de analizar cómo se tradujeron los diálogos con términos y frases étnico-raciales de la versión latina y peninsular entre distintos personajes pertenecientes a un grupo étnico específico en contexto de la versión original en inglés. / Within social relationships, racial identities not only differ between contexts, but also on specific interactions which influence language. This phenomenon can be noticed in audiovisual materials such as movies, where various characters with different motivations and backgrounds interact with others. Thus, a translator must consider under which context certain linguistic elements such as terms or phrases are used. Therefore, this study focuses on the analysis of the translation of ethno-racial terminology and phraseology in the dubbing of BlacKkKlansman into Latin American and European Spanish, based on a corpus of ethnic-racial terms and phrases previously selected from the movie. On one hand, the content analysis will allow us to analyze how the use of this ethno-racial terminology and phraseology in context is grouped according to a specific situation in which the selected dialogues take place. On the other, the contrastive textual analysis has the intention of analyzing how the dialogues containing ethnic-racial terms and phrases from the Latin American and European versions were translated between different characters belonging to a specific group or ideology in context of the original English version. / Trabajo de investigación

L'objectif de ce travail de recherche est d’étudier la terminologie et la phraséologie multilingue (anglais, français, arabe) des textes de l’Organisation des Nations Unies sur le commerce électronique. Cette étude s’intéresse aux modes d’adaptation de la terminologie du commerce électronique dans la langue arabe. Dans la partie théorique, nous avons défini le domaine du commerce électronique, ses différents modèles et les différences et les liens qu’il a avec le business électronique et l’économie du savoir. L’objectif était d’établir l’arbre de domaine qui facilitera la compréhension de son système conceptuel. Par la suite, nous avons abordé les fondements et les théories de la terminologie et de la phraséologie, ainsi que les principes théoriques et pratiques de la linguistique de corpus. La finalité de cette étape était d’arriver à choisir la méthodologie d’analyse appliquée aux données recueillies du corpus de travail tiré du « Corpus Multilingue des Nations Unies ». Dans le volet pratique, nous avons analysé dans ce travail les problématiques suivantes: les modes de création lexicaux et sémantiques dont dispose la langue arabe pour adapter les nouveaux termes et les intégrer dans ses systèmes de nomination et de communication. Ensuite, nous avons procédé au traitement de la phraséologie et les différentes formes d’unités phraséologiques. À travers cette étude, nous avons attiré l’attention la question de la normalisation en terminologie. Dans une perspective d’enrichissement du contenu de la langue arabe sur le web, nous avons travaillé sur la localisation en arabe d’une ontologie d’une liste de termes du commerce électronique. / This research is a multilingual study (English, French and Arabic) of the terminology and phraseology of the texts of the United Nations on e-commerce. This research focuses on the modes of adaptation of e-commerce terminology and phraseology into Arabic. In the theoretical part, we have defined the field of electronic commerce, its various models and the links and differences it has with the electronic business and the knowledge economy. The goal was to establish the domain tree that will facilitate the understanding of its conceptual system. Subsequently, we addressed the fundamentals and the theories of terminology and phraseology. We have also presented the theory and the practice of corpus linguistics principles. The purpose of this step was to choose the analysis methodology applied to the data of the corpus of extracted from the "United Nations multilingual Corpora”. In the practical part, we analyzed the following issues: how the Arabic language applies its lexical and semantic resources to adapt the new terms and integrate them into its grammatical and syntactic systems. Then we proceeded to the treatment of the phraseology and the different forms of phraseological units. Through this study, we have drawn attention the issue of standardization in terminology. Aiming to enrich the content of the Arabic language on the web, we worked on the localization of an ontology into Arabic of a list of e-commerce terms.

In the dissertation the author presents the analysis of the use of phraseological units in modern political discourse in Russia and the Czech Republic. The author shows that phraseology can be a tool for increasing the expressiveness of a speech, for contacting and influencing the audience in the political discourse. The analysis of cognitive and pragmatic specifics of idioms and metalanguage commentaries in the speech of politicians in a comparative aspect is carried out. As a result the author showes the specifics of the use of phraseological units in describing the speech image of a politician. Key words: phraseology, phraseologism, discourse, political discourse, political linguistics, cognitive linguistics, image of a politician, speech portrait of a politician.

The thesis focuses on primary school pupils, specifically on the pupils of the second educational period, whose knowledge and understanding of folk phrasal idioms are examined. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to the definition of important terms in the field of phraseology, such as the definition and characteristics of a phrasal idiom, its function, possible ways of phrasal idoms classification and various variants and updates of phrasal idioms. Furthermore, the thesis explores the influence of the social background, from which a pupil comes, on the knowledge of phrasal idioms. The thesis also addresses possible ways how a primary school can influence pupil's knowledge of folk phrasal idioms and understanding them. The practical part of the thesis includes the main survey, where the research method is quantitative. The survey is conducted through open-ended questionnaires. The total number of respondents, who participated in the main survey, is 301. Respondents attend both municipal schools, which are in Prague as well as in other cities, and smaller schools in villages. Based on the analysis of textbooks, it is assumed that pupils have a greater opportunity to encounter folk phrasal idioms than cultural phrasal idioms. For this reason, the practical part of the thesis focuses only on...

The writing system used by the ancient Maya civilization has intrigued researchers and aficionados for centuries. Now that it has mostly been deciphered, the emphasis in the field of Mayan epigraphy has shifted to a study of the system of phonological, morphological, and grammatical rules that once governed the language that the hieroglyphs encode. One of the most important resources for linguistic study of this type is a comprehensive, electronic corpus of texts to investigate phraseology, frequency information, and collocations. Because Mayan linguistic epigraphy is in the early stages, a publicly available, editable corpus would be an invaluable resource in arriving at consensual readings. Unfortunately, no such corpus currently exists. The purpose of this project is to present MayanWiki as a relational database of hieroglyphic transcriptions and transliterations with a wiki frontend that includes advanced search functionality that meets the aforementioned criteria. The principle behind the wiki is to accelerate the convergence of readings to the "truth". Once the database is fully populated by users, it will become a valuable tool allowing them to manipulate data in ways that will facilitate scientific discovery of new and interesting linguistic patterns.

Master’s thesis is devoted to the complex description of the semantic-motivational field “Deceit” mainly on the material of Russian dialect lexis and phraseology. The work belongs to ethnolinguistics, that involves the reconstruction of a fragment of the Russian linguistic world picture, reflecting beliefs about deceit. The main methods by which the research is conducted are semantic, motivational and etymological analysis. In particular, the thesis includes defining the semantic components related to the concept of deceit (i.e. answering the questions “What do speakers mean by deceit?” and “What actions are represented in the language as deceptive?”), the field’s division on the semantic sectors, revealing links between the concept of deceit and other semantic areas (intelligence, speech, relations to work, etc.), founding narrow and cross-cutting motives of nominations, as well as basic nominative models used by the field; in addition, the etymological solutions are proposed for the number of motivationally “dark” items. / Магистерская диссертация посвящена комплексному описанию семантико-мотивационного поля «Обман» преимущественно на материале лексики и фразеологии русских народных говоров. Работа выполнена в русле этнолингвистики, что подразумевает реконструкцию фрагмента русской языковой картины мира, отражающего представления об обмане. Основные методы, с помощью которых проводится исследование – семантический, мотивационный и этимологический анализ. В частности, в рамках диссертации были определены смысловые компоненты, относящиеся к понятию обмана (то есть даны ответы на вопросы «Что носители языка понимают под обманом?» и «Какие действия “изображаются” в языке как обманные?»), произведено членение поля на семантические секторы, выявлены связи между сферой обмана и другими смысловыми сферами (интеллекта, речевых действий, отношений к труду и проч.), обнаружены частные и сквозные мотивы номинации, характерные для поля, а также основные номинативные модели, им используемые; кроме того, были предложены этимологические решения для ряда «темных» в мотивационном отношении лексем.