While he was composing his important orchestral tone poem Finlandia in 1899–1900, Jean Sibelius (1865–1957) made his own piano arrangement of it. The purpose of this study is to compare the piano arrangement and orchestral version and to see further the similarities with Sibelius's other piano compositions from the same time period (1899-1904). Through this study I have found compositional patterns, which are typical for the composer and defined his composition style for piano during his "Kalevala-Romantic" phase. Sibelius's piano style was characterized as unpianistic and bulky by some. However, through my research I can show that with an analysis of certain harmonic structures, subtle use of pedal and correct voicings, his piano texture is indeed very thoughtful and transparent with a clear focus on counterpoint while remaining pianistic and comfortable to play. In order to fully understand the idiosyncrasies of the two versions of Finlandia, a detailed comparative analysis of the piano and orchestral scores is necessary. For this purpose, I primarily used the printed scores of both the piano and orchestral versions. In addition, the manuscript of the piano version of Finlandia was consulted as an important resource. From the orchestra manuscript, only one page has been found. The analysis focuses on the comparison between the textures of both versions, the score and the piano arrangement. I also applied the results of the comparison to the other scores of Sibelius's piano compositions from that time period to show his consistency in his use of the described arrangement techniques. With using the orchestration possibilities of the piano Sibelius's writing allows the instrument to stand completely on its own using all the possibilities of the piano sound while maintaining a highly pianistic texture. The goal of my research is to provide insight to understanding Sibelius's early piano style, introduce some performance practice ideas appropriate to this period, and highlight his smaller-scale works such as the character pieces and songs of this period.

Orientadores: Maria Lucia Senna Machado Pascoal, Mauricy Matos Martin / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T13:37:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moreira_AdrianaLopesdaCunha_D.pdf: 12909119 bytes, checksum: c1054275001f99a287c35ac9a21a5138 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Este trabalho propõe uma associação de técnicas de análise musical desenvolvidas durante os séculos XX e XXI aos conceitos teóricos proferidos por Olivier Messiaen no livro Technique de mon langage musical (Messiaen 1944a e 1944b) e nos três primeiros volumes do Traité de Rythme, de Couleur, et d'Ornithologie (Messiaen 1994a, 1994b e 1994c). Para tanto, nos dois Capítulos que o compõem, inter-relaciona tais conceitos teóricos a técnicas de análise apresentadas por autores como Allen Forte (1973), Joel Lester (1989), Joseph Straus (2005), Christopher Hasty (1981), Stefan Kostka (2006), David Cope (1997), Wallace Berry (1987), Michael Friedmann (1987), Elizabeth West Marvin (1991) e Felix Salzer (1982); e demonstra a eficiência do procedimento, através da apresentação de cinco análises de peças para piano compostas por Olivier Messiaen, contextualizadas tanto por dados biográficos do compositor, como por artigos anteriormente escritos por pesquisadores teoricamente relevantes. O trabalho justifica-se por contribuir para a bibliografia sobre análise musical em língua portuguesa, bem como por constituir um trabalho de análise musical que amplia a vertente teórica do compositor. Nos cinco Anexos que completam o exemplar, destaca declarações inéditas na literatura mundial, proferidas pelo compositor Almeida Prado, a respeito de planos não concretizados para a composição de um segundo Catalogue d'oiseaux. Na Conclusão, foram traçadas vertentes, tanto em relação às técnicas de análise utilizadas, como à obra para piano de Olivier Messiaen como um todo. / Abstract: This work proposes an association between musical analysis techniques developed during the twentieth and the twenty-first centuries and the musical theory concepts presented by Olivier Messiaen in his Technique de mon langage musical (Messiaen 1944a and 1944b) and Traité de Rythme, de Couleur, et d'Ornithologie (Messiaen 1994a, 1994b and 1994c), first, second and third volumes. For this purpose, it relates Messiaen's theory concepts to analysis techniques presented by authors like Allen Forte (1973), Joel Lester (1989), Joseph Straus (2005), Christopher Hasty (1981), Stefan Kostka (2006), David Cope (1997), Wallace Berry (1987), Michael Friedmann (1987), Elizabeth West Marvin (1991) and Felix Salzer (1982). Trough the analysis of five piano pieces by Olivier Messiaen the efficiency of this process is demonstrated. The analyses are supported by the composer's biography, as well as by articles previously written by prestigious researchers. It adds to the musical analysis bibliography in Portuguese language and it contributes to broaden the theory concepts presented by the composer. The five Annexes that complement this work bring new revelations by Brazilian composer Almeida Prado, about an Olivier Messiaen's project, never made concrete, to compose a second Catalogue d'oiseaux. In the Conclusion we trace lines of conduct concerning the musical analysis techniques as well as Olivier Messiaen's piano work as a whole. / Doutorado / Doutor em Música

This dissertation is divided into six chapters. The first chapter explains the purpose and significance of the study. The second chapter presents an analysis about Wanderer Fantasy, D.760 composed by Schubert, employing Schenker analysis to elucidate important motives. Chapter 3 provides an analysis of Schubert-Liszt, Wanderer Fantasy for Piano and Orchestra, S. 366 and shows how Liszt transcribed the original to emphasize certain motives, and further, describes the development of the piano history. Chapter 4 delves into an analysis of Schubert-Liszt, Wanderer Fantasy for Two Pianos, S. 653a transcribed by Franz Liszt and further explains the historic development of piano, in particular Érard's grand piano. Chapter 5 explains the analysis of Schubert-Liszt, Wanderer Fantasy for Piano Solo, S.565a and expands upon Érard's grand piano. Finally, Chapter 6 leads to this paper's summary and conclusion.