Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) are exploited for their ability to interact with organic compounds and to increase significantly the fluorescence intensity and the photostability of many fluorescent dye molecules. Metal enhanced fluorescence (MEF) is therefore widely investigated for biosensing applications. When used in immunoassays, silver island films (SIFs) could augment the fluorescence intensity of fluorescein by a factor of seventeen; SIFs were also able to double or triple the emission intensity of cyanine dyes which are commonly used in (deoxyribonucleic acid) DNA microarrays. The emission intensity of indocyanine green — widely used as a contrast agent in medical imaging — was about twenty times higher in the proximity of SIFs. This enhancement phenomenon — due to the surface plasmon polaritons associated with the metallic NPs — can be explained by energy transfer from the metal NPs to the fluorescent dye molecules or by a modified local electromagnetic field experienced by the fluorophores in the vicinity of metal surfaces. Our research focused on the optical characterization of colloidal gold-silver alloy NPs containing different ratios of gold and silver (Au_1.00-Ag_0.00, Au_0.75-Ag_0.25, Au_0.50-Ag_0.50, and Au_0.25-Ag_0.75), as well as their interaction with three fluorophores: rose bengal, rhodamine B, and fluorescein sodium. Depending upon the dye quantum yield and its concentration in solution, enhancement or quenching of fluorescence was obtained. Thus, a three to five times increase in fluorescence intensity was observed in a 2.0 mM solution of rose bengal with all nanoalloys, a slight enhancement of fluorescence (1.2 – 1.6 times) was noticed in a 0.13 mM solution of rhodamine B with all four types of NPs, and fluorescence quenching occurred in all the fluorescein-NP solutions regardless of the dye concentration. / Master of Science

Polarizers and polarization devices are important components in fiber optic communication and sensor systems. There is a growing need for efficient low loss components that are compatible with optical fibers. An all fiber in-line polarizer is a more desirable alternative that could be placed at appropriate intervals along communication links. An in-line fiber polarizer was fabricated and tested. The in-line fiber polarizer operates by coupling optical energy propagating in the fiber to a surface plasmon on a metallic film, which has been deposited onto the surface of the fiber. The device was constructed by polishing a short section of the lateral surface of the cladding to within the evanescent field present around the fiber core. Several thin films including a metal film are applied to the polished section of the fiber. Ionic self-assembled monolayer method was used to coat the polished fiber with thin film. / Master of Science

Nanopartículas de prata foram preparadas pela redução química de íons prata (AgNO3) por borohidreto de sódio (NaBH4) na presença de poli-(N)-vinil-2-pirrolidona em solução de álcoois de cadeia curta. As nanopartículas de prata apresentaram maior estabilidade em 2- propanol, e o diâmetro aproximado das nanopartículas Ag0 obtidas neste solvente é de aproximadamente 6 nm. As propriedades fotofísicas dos corantes coumarinas e derivados de acridina, em 2-propanol, são afetados pela presença das nanopartículas de prata. A interação das nanopartículas de prata com os derivados de acridina leva a uma mudança espectral da banda de absorção de transferência de carga intramolecular ´ICT - intramolecular charge transfer´. Para dois dos derivados de acridina, há um aumento significativo de emissão com a adição inicial de nanopartículas de Ag0. Mas em altas concentrações de nanopartículas de prata, ocorre supressão estática de fluorescência, com uma progressiva diminuição da eficiência de fluorescência. A intensidade de fluorescência das amino coumarinas é somente suprimida pela presença de nanopartículas de prata em solução. / Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction of silver ions by sodium borohydride in the presence of poly-(N)-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone in solution of short chain alcohols. The nanoparticles are stable in 2-propanol, and the average diameter of the Ag colloid obtained in this solvent is about 6 nm. The photophysical properties of acridinium and coumarin dyes in 2-propanol are affected by the presence of silver nanoparticles. The interaction of silver nanoparticles with acridinium derivative leads to a spectral change of its intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) absorption band. The dye emission increases suddenly with the initial addition of the Ag metal nanoparticles, but at a high concentration of the colloid, static fluorescence quenching occurs with a progressive decrease of the fluorescence efficiency. Amino coumarin fluorescence is only quenched by the silver nanoparticles in solution in the concentration range used.

[pt] Neste trabalho é apresentado um estudo sobre nanopartículas metálicas, passando brevemente pela Teoria de Maxwell-Garnett do meio efetivo além de ter sido feita uma pequena pesquisa acerca dos trabalhos já existentes nessa área. É apresentada ainda uma proposta de um sensor à fibra óptica baseado no fenômeno da Ressonância Plasmonica de Superfície Localizada, que utiliza essas nanopartículas cujas propriedades ópticas são sensíveis às mudanças das características do meio onde estão imersas. Esse tipo de sensor é uma ferramenta simples e muito eficiente, além de ser de baixo custo financeiro. A descrição deste sensor mostra ainda três processos distintos de fabricação dessas nanopartículas, as configurações utilizadas para a aquisição dos dados experimentais, e a análise dos mesmos, incluindo a simulação computacional feita para o melhor entendimento dos resultados obtidos. / [en] In this work a study about metallic nanoparticles is presented. A brief revision of the Maxwell-Garnett Theory for the effective medium is made, in addition to a bibliographical research concerning the existing works on the topic. A proposal of a fiber optic sensor based in the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance phenomena using these metallic nanoparticles, whose optic properties are sensible to changes in the medium in which they are immersed, is also made. This kind of sensor is a simple and efficient tool, in addition to also having low financial cost. Three distinct processes for fabrication of these nanoparticles are discussed. The setups used for the acquisition of the experimental data and the analysis of this data, including the computational simulation made to improve the understanding of the obtained results, are also discussed.

Le travail de thèse est consacré aux interactions spatio-, temporo- et spectro- résolue de laser avec des tissus biologiques. L'objectif de cette thèse était d'étudier l'influence des nanoparticules colloïdales embarqués dans les tissus biologiques multicouches sur leurs propriétés optiques afin de fournir plus profond et / ou plus précise de sondage. Pour ce faire, les paramètres spectroscopiques intégrales et durée de vie de fluorophore dans les environs de nanoparticules métalliques ont été analysées théoriquement et expérimentalement. L’autre partie de l'étude était de proposer de nouvelles solutions algorithmiques pour l'amélioration de la performance du processus d'estimation des valeurs des propriétés optiques de la résolution spatiale des mesures spectroscopiques. La dernière partie de la thèse est la modélisation expérimentale et théorique de la cinétique de fluorophores en présence des nanoparticules d'or colloïdales. La composante ultra-courte pico-seconde (environ 100 ps) a été résolue et a été corrélée à champ dipolaire forte des nanoparticules qui compense le dipôle de la molécule / The thesis work is devoted to spatially-, temporally- and spectrally- resolved laser and biological tissue interactions. The aim of the present thesis was to investigate the influence of colloidal nanoparticles embedded into multilayered biological tissues on their optical properties in order to provide deeper and/or more precise probing. To do so, the integral spectroscopic parameters and lifetime of fluorophore in vicinity of metal nanoparticles were analyzed theoretically and experimentally. Another part of the study was to propose new algorithmic solutions for improving the performance of the estimation process of the optical properties values from spatially resolved spectroscopic measurements. The last part of the thesis was the experimental and theoretical modelling of fluorophore’s kinetics in presence of colloidal gold nanoparticles. The ultra-short pico-second component (around 100 ps) was resolved and correlated to strong nanoparticles dipole field which is compensating the molecule’s dipole

O confinamento da luz em escala nanométrica, em especial para estruturas metálicas, é conferido graças à ação coletiva dos elétrons livres desses materiais que ao entrarem em ressonância com a frequência da radiação incidente geram campos intensos o suficiente para permitir que uma parcela da luz atravesse as cavidades que formam as estruturas, desafiando os limites clássicos da óptica impostos pela teoria escalar da difração. Designa-se a tal ação coletiva dos elétrons na literatura como plasmons polaritons de superfície, ou SPP da sigla em inglês para Surface Plasmon Polariton, conceito há muito estudado em Física do Estado Sólido. Porém, somente a algumas décadas com o domínio sobre a fabricação de estruturas em escala nanométrica, tornou-se possível a análise experimental e a contribuição de SPP na observação de fenômenos em nano-óptica. A ressonância de plasmons em nanoestruturas confere considerável sensibilidade ao índice de refração dos meios próximos a elas, o que abre mais um canal para estudos no campo da interação entre radiação-matéria. Dentre eles há interação de plasmons com íons de terras-raras (ITR). Estes últimos por apresentarem bandas de absorção estreitas e bem definidas, são excelentes opções como elementos na análise da interação destes com os SPPs gerados nas nanoestruturas. Uma maneira de estabelecer o contato direto entre o campo plasmônico e os ITRs é incorpora-los ao substrato no qual o filme metálico onde as nanoestruturas são fabricadas é depositado. Vidros óxidos à base de Telúrio e Germânio reúnem condições favoráveis para esse propósito, por terem alta solubilidade às terras-raras, janela de transparência relativamente larga (0,4 - 5μm) podendo ser analisados desde o visível até o infravermelho e baixa energia de fônon. O presente trabalho consistiu no esforço de criar uma plataforma para estudo direto de interações SPP com o ITR a partir da nano fabricação via técnica de feixe de íons e medir a luz emitida por processo de conversão ascendente do Érbio diretamente pela nanoestrutura devido ao decaimento do íon em SPP e na consequente remissão através da transmissão óptica extraordinária (TOE). A partir de tais medidas há fortes evidências de que a radiação emitida pelo Érbio apresenta a mesma polarização do campo plasmônico originado nas nanoestruturas. / The confinement of light at the nanoscale, especially for metallic structures is achieved due the collective action of free electrons from the material that resonate with the frequency of the incident radiation, generating enhanced fields enough to allow a portion of the light to cross the cavities that form such structures, challenging the classical limits of optics imposed by the scalar diffraction theory. Such collective action of the electrons is known in the literature as surface plasmon polariton (SPP), a concept which has already been studied in Solid State Physics, but only a few decades ago, with the development of fabrication of nanoscale structures has enabled the experimental analysis and the contribution due SPP on the observation of nanoptics phenomena. The plasmon resonance from nanostructures offers considerable sensitivity to the refractive index from the media that surround them, which opens another topic in matter-radiation interaction. There are interactions of plasmons with rare earth ions (REI). The latter class of emitters, presents narrow and well-defined absorption bands, which make them excellent options as probes to the analysis of interaction with the SPPs generated in the nanostructures. To establish direct contact between the plasmonic field and the REIs consists in embedding them into the substrate for the metallic thin film where the structures are assembled. Tellurium and Germanium oxide based glasses gather the conditions for this purpose, because they present high solubility to rare earths, a relatively wide transparency window (0.4 - 5 μm), which enables spectral analysis from visible to infrared, and low phonon energy. The present work consisted in the effort to create a direct platform to study the SPP interactions with the REI from the milling of the samples by ion beam technique; to measure the light emitted from the Erbium\'s upconversion process directly through the nanostructure due the ion decay to SPP and in the consequent remission by extraordinary optical transmission (EOT). From such measurements there are strong evidences that the radiation emitted by Erbium ions presents the same polarization from the plasmonic field originated in nanostructures.

A Espectroscopia Raman Intensificada pela Superfície (SERS) é um efeito de intensificação da intensidade Raman de uma molécula adsorvida numa superfície metálica nanoestruturada. Esta característica permite a utilização do SERS na caracterização vibracional de sistemas como junções moleculares (JM) (JM são sistemas constituídos de fios moleculares sintetizados em junções do tipo metal|fiomolecular|metal) e, no entendimento de quais características morfológicas de agregados metálicos mais influenciariam no sinal SERS obtido. Portanto, esta tese apresenta os seguintes objetivos: (a) síntese e caracterização de substratos SERS ativos, nanoesferas (AuNE) e nanobastões (AuNB) de ouro e eletrodo de ouro ativado eletroquimicamente; (b) síntese e caracterização SERS de fios moleculares em JM; (c) estudo do acoplamento plasmônico entre as superfícies metálicas em JM; (d) correlação entre SERS - morfologia de agregados individuais de AuNB. Os fios moleculares estudados foram os da família das oligofeniliminas (OPI) e, no melhor do nosso entendimento, esta foi a primeira vez que fios moleculares desta família foram caracterizados por Raman e SERS. As JM apresentaram um comportamento SERS não esperado. Enquanto para o modo vibracional, v(CS), a intensidade da banda se apresentou constante com o aumento do espaçamento entre as nanoestruturas metálicas (para distâncias de até 5 nm), o modo vibracional, β(CH), teve a intensidade de sua banda aumentada. Este comportamento foi explicado considerando a diferente natureza da interação dos plasmons nas JM, sendo estas interações do tipo, ressonância de plasmon de superfície (LSPR) - dipolo imagem, para ambos os modos. No entanto, para o modo β(CH) existe também uma intensificação extra devido ao aumento da polarizabilidade dos fios moleculares com o aumento do número de unidades. A correlação SERS - morfologia dos agregados de AuNB indicam que, para agregados onde predominam interações ponta a ponta, os espectros SERS apresentavam uma maior intensidade quando comparados com aqueles em que interações lado a lado predominavam. No entanto, este comportamento não foi observado para agregados contendo mais do que cinco nanopartículas onde estes dois tipos de interações ocorrem indicando que deve existir um acoplamento dos plasmons destes dois tipos de interações contribuindo para maiores valores de intensidade SERS. / Surface enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is a Raman enhancing effect of molecules adsorbed on nanostructured metal surfaces. This characteristic allows the use of SERS in the vibrational study of Molecular Junction systems (MJ) (MJ is a system formed by Molecular Wires (pi-conjugated molecules) synthesized in metal junctions like metal|molecular-wire|metal). In addition, we can also use SERS to understand the influence of morphological characteristic of gold nanostructures. This thesis aims: (a) synthesis and characterization of gold nanospheres (AuNS), nanorods (AuNR) and gold electrode (electrochemically activated); (b) synthesis and vibrational studies of molecular wires in JM; (c) plasmon coupling studies between flat surface and gold nanorods; (d) correlation SERS - AuNR morphology of individual aggregates. For the best of our knowledge, this was the first time that oligophenilenelimine (OPI) as molecular wire was characterized by Raman and SERS. The MJ showed an unusual behavior such that the v(CS) vibrational mode remained constant in intensity with the increasing of the gap spacing (within 5 nm) while the β(CH) increased with the increase of the gap. This behaviour was related to the different nature of the interaction between plasmons resonances in JM (surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) - dipole image) for the first case and due to chemical contributions by the molecular wires for the second vibrational mode. The results for SERS - morphology AuNR aggregates correlation showed (for small aggregates) that when in the aggregate predominated end-by-end interaction SERS spectra showed a higher intensity when compared to those in which interactions side-by-side predominated. Although, this behavior was not observed for aggregates containing more than five nanoparticles indicating that there is not a preferential interaction between the nanorods for such aggregates and that a mixture of both will be preferable for large SERS intensities.

Dans ce travail de these, nous étudions comment des nano-structures métalliques modifient le processus d'émission spontannée d'objets fluorescents et jouent ainsi un rôle d'antenne. Ces structures supportent des modes optiques confinés aux interfaces metal-diélectrique: ce sont des modes plasmoniques.De par leur fort confinement, ces modes modifient la densité locale d'états optiques et permettent notamment d'accélérer le processus d'émission spontannée (facteur de Purcell). Nous étudions le cas d'une structure planaire metal-isolant-métal de type patch couplée à un ensemble de nanocristaux colloïdaux fluorescents. Nos mesures, soutenues par des calculs numériques, montrent une acceleration de l'émission fluorescente d'un facteur 80 ainsi qu'une augmentation de la directivité de l'émission. Nous décrivons ensuite le procedé de fabrication d'une structure patch metal-semiconducteur-métal pour laquelle la source fluorescente est un puits quantique émettant dans le proche infra-rouge. Nous montrons que l'antenne permet d'augmenter l'extraction fluorescente d'un facteur 8. Enfin, nous considérons le cas d'une structure sphérique composée d'un unique nanocristal fluorescent au centre d'une bille de silice entourée par une fine coquille métallique. Cette structure plasmonique accélère l'émission d'une facteur 10 et permet de supprimer le scintillement caractéristique de l'émission des nanocristaux. La coquille métallique permet également d'isoler chimiquement le nanocristal de l'environnement, assurant ainsi une grande photostabilité et une toxicité réduite. L'émetteur ainsi obtenu est donc un candidat prometteur pour des applications de marquage de fluorescence in-vivo. / The present work focuses on the modification of spontaneous emission of fluorescent emitters using metallic nano-structures. These structures support confined plasmonic modes that strongly increase the local density of optical states. Consequently, the plasmonic structure enhances the spontaneous decay rate of the emitter. We use both numerical simulations and experimental results to demonstrate the potential of plasmonic antennas as tools to control spontaneous emission. First, we study a metal-dielectric-metal planar structure called patch antenna. This structure is coupled to an ensemble of quantumdots emitting visible light. We show that, in the presence of the patch antenna, the fluorescent emission is accelerated by a factor 80 and that its directivity is increased. Then, we use a similar plasmonic structure coupled to a quantum well emitting in the near infrared. Using an ad hoc hyperspectral imaging setup, we show that the antenna increases the extracted light by a factor 8. Finally, we study a spherical geometry composed of a single fluorescent quantum dot at the center of a silica bead coated with a thin gold shell. This plasmonic structure

[pt] Os aminoglicosídeos (AMG) pertencem a uma classe de antibióticos eficazes no tratamento de infecções provocadas por micro-organismos Gram-negativos e Gram-positivos. Ototoxidade, nefrotoxidade e alterações musculares são efeitos colaterais provocados pelo uso dessas substâncias, implicando na importância do controle das medicações com uso de métodos analíticos práticos para a rotina, sensíveis e seletivos. As estruturas dos AMG não possuem grupos cromóforos que habilitem a medição de atividade óptica direta, dessa maneira, os métodos descritos na literatura para determinação dos mesmos, normalmente, fazem uso da derivatização química implicando em alta morosidade, elevados custos e toxicidade (dados os reagentes utilizados) em tais métodos. No presente trabalho, propõe-se a utilização de nanopartículas de ouro (AuNPs) como sondas analíticas para a determinação espectrofotométrica de AMG, tirando-se proveito do efeito de ressonância plasmônica na superfície de AuNPs. Investigou-se o potencial analítico do uso de dispersões aquosas de AuNPs como sondas para a determinação de tobramicina (TBR), neomina (NEO), gentamicina (GENTA), canamicina (CANA), estreptomicina (EST) e amicacina (AMIC), observando-se resultados promissores para todos os AMG citados, excerto para a EST. No caso da TBR, foi desenvolvido um método analítico para a sua determinação em soluções oftálmicas. As curvas analíticas foram construídas a partir do monitoramento da luz transmitida em 529 nm ou 681 nm. O monitoramento do sinal analítico em 529 nm apresentou uma faixa linear entre 6,5 x 10-9 mol L-1 a 1,6 x 10-7 mol L-1 com boa linearidade (R2=0,9943) e limite de detecção (LD) igual a 6,2 x 10-9 mol L-1. O monitoramento do sinal analítico em 681 nm apresentou uma faixa linear entre 4,4 x 10-9 mol L-1 a 1,6 x 10-7 mol L-1 com boa linearidade (R2=0,9949) e valor de LD igual a 3,8 x 10-9 mol L-1. O método mostrou-se robusto em uma faixa de pH entre 2,6 e 4,5, durante 120 min. O método apresentou precisão satisfatória e demonstrou seletividade com relação a outro AMG, STP, e com relação aos excipientes presentes nas amostras analisadas. Obtiveram-se percentuais de recuperação para as amostras (simuladas e reais de soluções oftálmicas) de 104,0 a 123,1 por cento e de 101,1 a 123,6 por cento, para o monitoramento do sinal analítico em 529 nm e 681 nm, respectivamente. Utilizando-se um método comparativo para validar esses resultados, verificou-se através do teste t-student que os percentuais de recuperação encontrados através das sondas de AuNPs e através do método comparativo foram estatisticamente iguais. Estudos com saliva de pacientes em tratamento com TBR indicam o potencial da sonda para a análise de fluidos biológicos. / [en] Aminoglycosides (AMG) belong to a class of antibiotics effective for the treatment of infections caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive micro-organisms. Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity and muscle disorders are side effects of using these substances, implying the importance of controlling the use of pharmaceutical formulations based on AMG with practical analytical methods for routine, sensitive and selective. The molecular structures of the AMG does not present any relevant chromophores groups that enable direct measurement of their optical activity, thus, the methods described in the literature for determining it normally to use of chemical derivatization implying high delays, high costs and toxicity (dice reagents used) in such methods. The studies present in this dissertation, it is proposed to use of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as analytical probes for spectrophotometric determination of AMG, by exploration of the resonance Plasmon effect on the surface of AuNPs. Was investigated the analytical potential of aqueous dispersions of AuNPs as probes for the determination of tobramycin (TBR) neomina (NEO), gentamicin (GENTA), kanamycin (CANA), streptomycin (EST) and amikacin (AMIC). Promising results were found for all AMG cited excerpt EST. In the case of TBR, an analytical method for its determination in ophthalmic solutions was proposed. The analytical curves were constructed by monitoring the transmitted light at 529 nm or 681 nm. The monitoring of the analytic signal in 529 nm yielding a linear range from 6.5 x 10-9 mol L-1 to 1.6 x 10-7 mol L-1 with good linearity (R2= 0.9943) and the limit of detection (LOD) equal to 6.2 x 10-9 mol L-1. The monitoring of the analytic signal in 681 nm yielding a linear range from 4.4 x 10-9 mol L-1 to 1.6 x 10-7 mol L-1 with good linearity (R2= 0.9949) and the LOD equal to 3.8 x 10-9 mol L-1. The method showed to be robust in a pH range between 2.6 and 4.5, for 120 min. The method showed satisfactory accuracy and demonstrated selectivity with respect to other AMG, EST, and with respect to excipients present in the samples analyzed. Yielded percentage recoveries for samples (simulated and real ophthalmic solutions) from 104.0 to 123.1 percent and from 101.1 to 123.6 percent, for the monitoring of the analytical signal at 529 nm and 681 nm, respectively. Using a comparative method to validate these results, it was found through the t-student test that the percentage recovery found through the AuNPs probes and the comparative method were statistically equal. Studies in saliva from patients under TBR treatment indicated the potential of the probe for the analysis of biological fluids.

Ce travail de thèse présente une étude théorique, numérique et expérimentale de l’intégration sur un guide d’onde diélectrique de chaînes de nanoparticules d’or supportant des résonances « plasmon de surface localisé ». Les guides d’onde à plasmon de surface localisé procurent un confinement sub-longueur d’onde de la lumière, ce qui permet d’envisager la réalisation de composants optiques ultra-compacts. Cependant, leurs pertes optiques élevées restreignent leur application à de courtes distances de propagation, contrairement aux guides d’onde diélectriques. Une combinaison judicieuse des deux types de guide doit donc permettre de bénéficier de leurs avantages respectifs. Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié théoriquement les propriétés des chaînes des nanoparticules grâce à un modèle analytique basé sur l’approximation de dipôles ponctuels couplés, que nous avons développé. Cette étude a permis de déterminer la forme et les dimensions des nanoparticules qui ont ensuite été introduites dans un logiciel de FDTD pour simuler le couplage entre la chaîne de nanoparticules et le guide diélectrique (SOI ou en Si3N4). De cette étude numérique, nous avons déduit les géométries des structures à fabriquer. Les structures réalisées ont été caractérisées à l’aide d’un banc de transmission résolue spectralement, mis en place pendant cette thèse, et d’un système de mesures en champ proche optique en collaboration avec le LNIO (Troyes). Pour la première fois, nous avons montré expérimentalement les propriétés d’une chaîne courte de nanoparticules intégrée sur un guide SOI, ainsi que le phénomène de guides couplés entre une chaîne longue de nanoparticules et un guide SOI. Une valeur record de la constante de couplage a été obtenue, et ce, aux longueurs d’onde des télécoms (proche infrarouge). L’énergie lumineuse transportée par le mode TE du guide SOI peut ainsi être entièrement transférée au guide plasmonique en 4 ou 5 nanoparticules, soit une distance de propagation de moins de 600 nm. Nous avons également étudié les propriétés de réseaux de Bragg à base de plasmon de surface localisé en confrontant les résultats de mesures de transmission résolue spectralement aux résultats théoriques d’un modèle analytique basé à la fois sur l’approximation de dipôle ponctuel en régime quasi-statique et la théorie des modes couplés. Ces travaux ouvrent la voie à des applications de pinces optiques, de capteurs ou de spaser, qui bénéficieront de l’intégration de nanoparticules métalliques dans les circuits photoniques. / This PhD work presents a theoretical, numerical and experimental study of the integration of a gold nanoparticle chain supporting "localized surface plasmon resonances" on a dielectric waveguide. The localized surface plasmon allows a sub-wavelength confinement of light which could lead to the achievement of ultra-compact optical components. However, the high level of optical losses restricts their application to short propagating distances unlike dielectric waveguides. A judicious combination of both types of guides should therefore allow taking profit of their respective advantages. Firstly, we have theoretically studied the properties of nanoparticles chains using an analytical model that we have developed following the coupled dipoles approximation. This has helped us to determine the shape and size of nanoparticles, which have been further used in a FDTD software, to simulate the coupling between the chain and the dielectric waveguide (SOI or Si3N4). Using this numerical study, we have deduced the geometries of structures to be fabricated. The realized structures have been characterized using a spectrally resolved transmission set-up, built during this thesis, and an optical near field measurement set-up (collaboration LNIO Troyes). For the first time, we have experimentally shown the properties of short nanoparticle chains integrated on a SOI waveguide as well as the existence of a coupled waveguide phenomenon between long nanoparticle chains and SOI waveguides. A record value has been obtained for the coupling constant at telecom wavelengths (near infrared). The light energy carried by the TE mode of the SOI waveguide can be completely transferred into the plasmonic waveguide via the first 4 or 5 nanoparticles of the chain, which means a distance of less than 600 nm. We have also studied the properties of Bragg gratings based on localized surface plasmon. Experimental results from spectrally resolved transmission measurements have been compared to theoretical results obtained from an analytical model based on the point dipole approximation in quasi-static regime, on one hand, and using the coupled mode theory, on the other hand. This work opens the way for applications to optical tweezers, sensors or spasers, which will benefit from the integration of metal nanoparticles in photonic circuits.