Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:37:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Goldenstein.pdf: 419720 bytes, checksum: f5e2cdb1bed51504885c6b81f7885255 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-10 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / As medicine has become increasingly scientific and technology-driven, medical care costs have increased and physicians had to specialize more and more, while working conditions have deteriorated for most of them. Because of the country s health policies, a vast majority of physicians took jobs in public hospitals where they do day and night duty shifts. Although salaries are low in the public sector, their tenure and labor rights are assured. In order to earn enough to meet their needs, a large part of these physicians work long hours, in day and night shifts, often times with no possibility of resting or engaging in leisure activities in their free time. This research focuses on physicians leisure. It was designed to understand how a group of physicians working in a public high-tech children s hospital in the city of São Paulo use their free time for leisure, and especially what their understanding of leisure is. Those physicians were asked to fill out a questionnaire and mark the number of working hours and the number of hours dedicated to other activities such as sleeping, resting, being with their families, and especially leisure considering two situations: a typical week and an atypical week. With this data in hand the author contacted seven physicians and long interviews were conducted to discuss the topic, i.e. leisure and physicians. Six of these seven physicians are pediatricians who passed an open competition and work duty shifts at the hospital s emergency room. One is a female plastic surgeon at the hospital where she also works as a volunteer. To analyze the interviews a specific methodology for qualitative research was used which is based on Heidegger s hermeneutic ontology. Based on the quantitative research the author concluded that although physicians believed they had leisure time this was not borne out by the facts. The data obtained in the qualitative research in turn allowed the author to conclude that for the group interviewed enjoying leisure time or not was directly related with the history or background of each one of them. For many of them leisure was yet another form of work, that is, it followed the same type of capitalistic logic, the logic of the perpetuum mobile of production. Leisure was also dependent on their availability to engage in a certain type of activity that could be considered as leisure or not. It also became apparent in the interviews that the physicians of this group had no difficulty in thinking about their leisure, although they were surprised with the topic at first. One last conclusion was that for this group of physicians leisure was not always equated with quality of life, or with pleasure or relaxation / Na medida em que a medicina atual foi se tornando mais e mais científica e tecnológica, seus custos foram se elevando, os médicos obrigados a cada vez mais se especializarem e as condições de trabalho para a grande maioria destes médicos se deteriorando. Por conta das políticas de saúde vigentes a maioria dos médicos do país passaram a trabalhar em hospitais ligados a rede pública em regime de plantões diurnos e noturnos, já que nesse setor, apesar de baixos salários, eles têm garantido estabilidade de emprego e direitos trabalhistas. Para poder fazer frente às suas necessidades financeiras, uma grande parte desses médicos trabalham muitas horas, diurnas e noturnas, muitas vezes sem possibilidade de descansar e ocupar seu tempo livre com atividades de lazer. O foco dessa pesquisa é o lazer dos médicos. O interesse é poder entender a forma como um grupo de médicos lotados em um hospital público infantil de alta tecnologia da cidade de São Paulo disponibilizam seu tempo livre para o lazer e, especialmente, a compreensão que eles têm desse lazer. Para tanto, inicialmente solicitamos aos médicos lotados na instituição que preenchessem um questionário onde se pedia que assinalassem tanto o número de horas voltadas para o trabalho quanto o número de horas voltadas para outras atividades como dormir, descansar, estar com a família e especialmente ao lazer, considerando-se duas situações diferentes: uma semana atípica e uma semana atípica. Com esses dados em mãos foram contatados sete médicos com os quais foram feitas entrevistas de longa duração a respeito do tema proposto, o lazer entre os médicos. Para a análise destas entrevistas adotou-se uma metodologia específica de pesquisa qualitativa referenciadas pela ontologia hermenêutica de Heidegger. A partir da pesquisa quantitativa pudemos concluir que apesar dos médicos pesquisados considerarem dispor sempre de tempo para o lazer isto não se confirmava na prática. Já os dados obtidos com a pesquisa qualitativa nos permitiram concluir que, para este grupo de médicos entrevistados a vivência ou não do lazer estava diretamente relacionada à história e experiência de vida de cada um deles; que para muitos o lazer se constituía numa outra forma de trabalho, ou seja, seguia a mesma lógica capitalista do moto contínuo de produção; e ainda que o lazer dependia da disponibilidade de cada um para um certo tipo de atividade que poderia ou não ser considerado lazer. Também ficou patente com a entrevista que os médicos desse grupo não tinham, apesar da surpresa inicial para com o tema, qualquer dificuldade de pensar no seu lazer. Por último, foi possível concluir que para este grupo de médicos nem sempre o lazer significava uma boa qualidade de vida, nem sempre se confundia com prazer ou relaxamento

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:32:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Liana Arrais Serodio.pdf: 933599 bytes, checksum: 09b3bd945c9515359c0ebbf3a7a57a0f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-12 / Research about the use of the narrative on the musical educator formation. It is based on the conviction that the verbal argumentation is relevant for the dialog about the music teaching and that this potentially leads to the democratization of the comprehension of its wide and specialized knowledge field. The researcher is implicated on this thematic in triplicate, namely, as a student, as a teacher and as a teacher's educator, and this amplifies the narrative power as content and research style, besides working with narrative data as so. The text created by students of Musical Education at Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) S?o Paulo as part of a didactic contract, they are pedagogical narratives taken as research data, and result in concepts such as talent, the ability to learn to' other, languages intertwining - verbal and musical -, while they narrate their own histories. / Pesquisa sobre o uso da narrativa na forma??o do educador musical. ? baseada na convic??o de que a argumenta??o verbal importa para o di?logo sobre o ensino de m?sica e que este potencialmente leva ? democratiza??o da compreens?o de seu vasto e especializado campo de conhecimento. A pesquisadora ? triplamente implicada na tem?tica, como aluna, professora e formadora, o que amplia a pot?ncia da narrativa como conte?do e forma da pesquisa, al?m de trabalhar com dados igualmente narrativos. Os textos produzidos pelos estudantes de Licenciatura em Educa??o Musical na Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) -S?o Paulo como parte do contrato did?tico, s?o narrativas pedag?gicas tomadas como dados da pesquisa, e d?o a ver conceitos como o talento, o aprender 'para' outro, o entrela?amento de linguagens - verbal e musical - , enquanto narram as pr?prias hist?rias.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Peggy Coelho Carvalho.pdf: 501518 bytes, checksum: 6149c62f1458e0b29d66c0c53c49c3ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-19 / This work aims to investigate some functions of silence on the psychoanalytic pratice. In his psychoanalytic space, where the core of the work is talking, dialoguing, the silent experiences can upset the analyst s capacity of observation and apprehension of the psychic reality, since some observable elements become unavailable. The adopted method is my own poetic style and, through the poetic bond established with the reader, I propose to expand the knowledge, reflections and comprehension of silent situations. I make an analogy with the musical technique of counterpoint using trhee principal and simultaneous events, or voices: Beethoven s, John Milton s and my own, interrelated around the theme of silence during all the narrative. My hypothesis is that it is possible that the being/not being can reveal and/or hide itself through silence, pregnant of mental pain. In this trajectory, I did not come across the silence by itself, but with the process of silence and, at the end, I found the silence as mental pain and pleasure / O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar algumas funções do silenciar na clínica psicanalítica. Neste espaço psicanalítico, no qual o cerne do trabalho é o conversar, o dialogar, as experiências silenciosas podem dificultar a capacidade de observação e apreensão da realidade psíquica por parte do analista, uma vez que alguns elementos observáveis ficam indisponíveis. O método adotado é o meu próprio estilo poético e, através do vínculo poético estabelecido com o leitor, proponho expandir nossos conhecimentos, nossas reflexões e compreensão sobre as situações silenciosas. Faço analogia com a técnica contrapontística musical no sentido de que utilizo três principais acontecimentos simultâneos, ou, vozes: de Beethoven, de John Milton e a minha própria voz que se inter-relacionam em torno do tema do silenciar durante toda a narrativa. Minha hipótese é a de que seja possível que o ser/não ser possa revelar-se e/ou ocultar-se através do silêncio, pregnante de dor mental. Nesta trajetória, fui deparando não com o silêncio, coisa-em-si, mas com o processo de silenciar e, ao final, encontrei o silenciar como dor e prazer mentais

O trabalho como atividade humana intencional de transformação da natureza e da sociedade e a criação de valor tem um significado inegável na definição da condição humana. Esta é uma variável multideterminada, subordinada pelos fatores econômicos, ideológicos e tecnológicos, entre outros; multideterminante enquanto cumpre várias funções psicossociais. Assim, é evidente a centralidade social e subjetiva do trabalho para os seres humanos em relação à sua luta pela conquista da dignidade e da felicidade pessoal e social. Isso torna o trabalho reconhecido em várias das suas funções: econômicas, sociais e psicológicas. Porém, o trabalho também tem a condição dialética de ser tanto potencialmente uma fonte de realização pessoal e de emancipação quanto uma fonte de mal-estar social e alienação, isto é, o trabalho pode ser uma força de integração ou de desintegração no nível social e subjetivo. No entanto, no contexto do trabalho atual, caracterizado por um conjunto de reestruturações contínuas orientadas a assegurar o máximo ganho econômico das empresas, impõe-se um sistema de flexibilidade e constante reestruturação que envolve uma maior heterogeneidade, complexidade, forte individualização e desregulamentação das relações de trabalho, resultando na fragmentação significativa do trabalho: tarefas, horários, equipes, trajetórias de indivíduos e mercados de trabalho. Este contexto por sua vez, define um novo cenário sociolaboral que pode estar impactando de modo diferente o papel psicossocial reconhecido do trabalho e tornando-se um elemento essencial para uma experiência, mais ou menos generalizada, mas não absoluta, de mal-estar subjetivo no trabalho. O objetivo deste trabalho de pesquisa teórica é descrever e analisar como a anatomia atual de fragmentação sociolaboral pode tornar-se numa condição de possibilidade para a experiência de sofrimento subjetivo no trabalho, uma tendência mais ou menos geral. Compreende-se que embora existam situações de sofrimento no campo do trabalho, não poderia ser considerado que são elas apenas que se manifestam como parte da experiência subjetiva no trabalho. Certamente, no mundo do trabalho, há pessoas que recebem os ganhos sublimatórios de articular seu desejo à atividade, embora alguns podem vivenciar a tensão difusa e desgastante que pode ser identificado como mal-estar subjetivo; mas nem todo mundo experimenta no trabalho uma tensão psíquica desgastante, intolerável e sem possibilidade de ser simbolizado pelo inconsciente, que pode ser descrito como sofrimento no trabalho. Para alcançar este objetivo, esta tese começa com uma descrição do estado da arte das pesquisas relacionadas com o prazer e o sofrimento no trabalho, destacando as já feitas no Brasil. Posteriormente reconstrói-se a identidade da avaliação subjetiva do trabalho mostrando a evolução das tendências funcionalistas, e sua ênfase na satisfação, às tendências psicodinâmicas e sua ênfase sobre o prazer / sofrimento. Na sequência é feita uma discussão sobre o mal-estar, o sofrimento e o sintoma no mundo do trabalho seguido da descrição da anatomia da fragmentação sociolaboral e seus resultados no mal-estar no trabalho, descrevendo logo depois as condições que propiciam sua aparição. É discutido o valor do significado do trabalho como uma variável moderadora da significação do mal-estar no trabalho. Tomando como referência a teoria da luta pelo reconhecimento de Honneth e os conceitos da psicodinâmica do reconhecimento trabalhados pelo Dejours, é feita uma discussão sobre o reconhecimento não feito e seus efeitos de mal-estar subjetivo no trabalho. A discussão culmina com uma reflexão sobre as possíveis contribuições da clínica do Lacan para a escuta do mal-estar e o sofrimento no trabalho / Work is an intentional human activity the aim of whih is the transformation of nature, of society and the value creation. It has undeniable weight in the disclosure of the human condition. The latter is a multidetermined variable subjected to economic, ideological and technological factors among many others and as such fulfills several psychological functions. These conditions open to light the social and subjective centrality of jobs to the human struggle to dignity, personal and social happiness. That power reveals the economic, psychological and social functions of work. Work exposes a dialectical condition as a source of personal fulfillment and emancipation and the cause of discontentment and alienation, i.e., an integrative as well as a disintegrative force on subjectivity. Within the current organizational context, characterized by continuous restructuration, flexibility and heterogeneity, complexity and constant deregulation in view of the optimization of economic outcomes, work ends up fragmented concerning its tasks, shifts, equipment and trajectories. These conditions create a new socio-occupational setting the outcome of which is the proneness to distress and suffering. The purpose of this thesis is a theoretical analysis of the current anatomy of socio-occupational fragmentation of work as a condition of the general subjective distress stemming from work engagement. The aim here is the understanding the manifestations of suffering and some of the range of consequences of the present day working conditions. Certainly, there are people enabled to sublimate their desires in their tasks but others unable to do so gain exhaustion and distress. In order to achieve its aim, this work starts with the description of the issue of work pleasure and suffering from research accomplished in Brazil. Thence it goes on reconstruction the identity of he subjective evaluation of work the within functionalism and psychodynamics. Then the discomfort, suffering and symptoms are discussed followed by an explanation of the anatomy of the social and labor impacts of the work fragmentation, its triggering factors and the resulting sensation of upsetting. Those considerations are followed by the discussion of the meaning of work a moderating factor. Drawing on both Honneth`s theory of the struggle for recognition and Dejours`theory of psychodynamic of the recognition, another discussion of spared recognition and the effects of subjective distress are carried out. The thesis is closed with an analysis of the possible contributions of the Lacanian clinic related to the listening of the discomfort and suffering in today`s working context

悅讀是指讀者自己挑選有趣的書籍，自發性地廣泛閱讀。本研究是要探討悅讀對國中生的閱讀動機，閱讀能力，和寫作能力的影響。本實驗邀請台北市某所國中61位的八年級生參加，分為實驗組(悅讀組)和對照組(傳統閱讀組)。本實驗共為期23週，在學生的英文閱讀課進行，每週一次，每次45分鐘。實驗期間， 實驗組在上閱讀課時只專心於閱讀自己所選的圖畫故事書，而對照組則繼續原來由老師所主導的傳統閱讀課程。實驗進行前後二組學生都接受全民英檢的閱讀和寫作能力測驗及閱讀動機評量。這些測驗資料由電腦進行量化處理與分析，個別訪談結果則用來輔助說明結果與討論。 結果顯示，經過悅讀的實驗，學生的整體閱讀動機提升了。此外，多面向的動機顯示，參與者的閱讀自信和閱讀成就與目地深受悅讀課程所影響，尤其是參與者從悅讀中產生很強的愉悅感，也增強了自信心。此結果證明了悅讀的最大功能—增進愉悅感。但是此研究並未發現悅讀能有效地改進參與者的閱讀和寫作能力。 因為小樣本及有限的資料，本實驗結果只能提供建議性而非決地性的結果，不過本實驗還是能提供一些教育性的建議。如悅讀能納入學校課程當作正規英文課的輔助。學校每天的早自習是讓學生悅讀的最佳時間。另外，賦予不同程度的學生不同的閱讀目標與配合適當的閱讀活動能增進他們的英語能力。爲了更深刻了解悅讀對國中生的效益，最好從校內全體的七年級生開始進行為期三年的悅讀課程，最後以高中入學的基本學力測驗英文科成績來檢驗其成效。期待面對繁重課業壓力的國中生能透過悅讀快樂地並有效地學習英文。 / Pleasure reading refers to any reading in which self-motivated readers pick up books they are interested in and engage themselves in those books. Pleasure reading has long been recognized as a powerful tool for fostering reading interest and enhancing literacy development. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of pleasure reading on EFL junior high school students’ reading motivation, reading comprehension, and writing ability. Sixty-one eighth graders in a junior high school in Taipei were divided into the experimental group (pleasure reading group) and the control group (traditional reading group). This program was carried out during the English Reading class, once a week with 45 minutes for each period. During the 23-week reading program, the experimental group only focused on reading self-selected picture books without any instructions while the control group still received the skill-based reading approach. Before and after the program, their reading and writing ability were examined by the reading and writing tests of General English Proficiency Test (GEPT) and their reading motivation was measured by the Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ). The data collected were analyzed quantitatively and the interview data were utilized to interpret and support the findings. The results revealed that the experimental group participants’ overall reading motivation was enhanced significantly after the program. As for the multifaceted motivation, the results showed that the participants’ “reading self-efficacy” and “reading achievement values and goals” were influenced strongly by pleasure reading. Among the 12 reading dimensions, “enjoyment” was the most significant factor. All the findings confirmed the main value of pleasure reading-- reading for enjoyment, and such enjoyment promoted students’ reading motivation very positively. With respect to the participants’ reading and writing ability, the results did not show significant improvement. Pleasure reading did not influence the participants’ language proficiency positively. However, both groups made some progress in the posttest in the gain score. Therefore, pleasure reading appeared to be at least as effective as the traditional reading approach. Pleasure reading was more interesting and enjoyable for junior high students. Although the results may not be taken as conclusive because of limited data and small samples, this study still provides some pedagogical implications and suggestions. Pleasure reading can be implemented into school curriculum as a counterpart of regular English class, a kind of skill-based English class. The school’s morning session is a good time for students to read self-chosen materials. Moderate tasks should be set for students with different language levels to conquer. Appropriate reading activities can be integrated to help stimulate students’ reading. To get a clear picture of its effect on junior high level students, it is necessary to conduct the program for a longer duration and with larger samples. Therefore, it is suggested that further study can start with all the seventh graders in junior high schools and the study should last for three years. The entrance exam of senior high school, the Basic Competence Test can be adopted as the measurement of language proficiency. It is expected that junior high students under academic pressure can learn English happily and effectively.

Desde al menos Aristóteles, los filósofos han intentado explicar la vida pasional de los seres humanos. El propósito de esta tesis es mostrar la teoría de las pasiones de Hume. Este autor analiza las pasiones como parte de la ciencia del hombre en el Libro II del Tratado de la naturaleza humana y en la posterior Disertación de las pasiones. Hume distingue entre pasiones “serenas” y “violentas”. Él identifica los sentimientos estéticos y morales como ejemplos de pasiones “serenas”, mientras que caracteriza como “violentas” sentimientos tales como “el amor y el odio, la alegría y la tristeza, el orgullo y la humildad”. A continuación, Hume divide las pasiones en “directas”, que surgen inmediatamente del placer o dolor, e “indirectas”, que proceden de los mismos principios, pero en conjunción con otras cualidades. El análisis de las pasiones “indirectas” es original de Hume. Por otro lado, al igual que las teorías epistemológica y moral, la explicación de las pasiones en Hume constituye una teoría crítica. / From at least Aristotle on, philosophers have attempted to explain the pasional life of human beings. The purpose of this paper is to show Hume´s theory of the passions. Hume analyzes passions as part of his science of man in Book 2 of A Treatise of Human Nature and subsequent Dissertation on the Passions. Hume distinguishes between “calm” and “violent” passions. He identifies the aesthetic and moral sentiments as examples of “calm” passions, while characterizing as “violent” sentiments such as “love and hatred, grief and joy, pride and humility”. Next, passions are divided by Hume into “direct”, which arise immediately from pain or pleasure and “indirect”, which proceed from the same principles, but by the conjunction of other qualities. The analysis of “indirect” passions is original. On the other hand, like epistemological and ethical theories, Hume´s account of passions is also a critical theory.

La présente étude concerne le rôle de l’aménagement intérieur dans les centres de santé, dans une perspective thérapeutique. Il s’agit d’une recherche théorique exploratoire. Le cadre théorique à l’intérieur duquel elle s’effectue comprend la Biopolitique de Michel Foucault, du Sens de cohérence d’Aaron Antonovsky, ainsi que de La théorie des environnements reconstituants de Kaplan & Kaplan. Chacune de ces approches vise à mieux saisir le problème de la thérapeutique dans son rapport avec la santé, ainsi qu’à dégager des éléments permettant d’enrichir et d’apporter un regard autre sur le thème à l’étude, à savoir, celui des environnements thérapeutiques. C’est ainsi que nous proposons six concepts que sont l’exclusion/l’isolement, le pouvoir, les interactions sociales, le soutien social, le plaisir et la réflexion. Une étude de cas effectuée au Centre de réadaptation Estrie vise à vérifier leur validité. Cet établissement, qui fait partie du Réseau de la santé et des services sociaux du Québec, est également un membre désigné du Réseau Planetree, dont la mission est vouée au développement de pratiques gestionnaires respectueuses de la dimension humaine dans les centres de santé. La qualité de l’environnement physique étant l’une des dix composantes du modèle promu par cette organisation, l’analyse, en vue de la validation ou du rejet des concepts issus du cadre théorique, concerne leur articulation dans le concret. Nous retenons des quatre concepts que sont les interactions sociales, le soutien social, le plaisir et la réflexion, qu’ils sont valides, et rejetons l’exclusion/isolement et le pouvoir. Des propositions de remplacement pour ces deux derniers sont soumises, soit, les limites/l’’intimité et l’emprise. La principale piste de sujet de recherches futures est le développement de la notion « d’accueil », où l’aménagement intérieur joue, à ce titre, un rôle dans les milieux de santé. / The present study considers the role of interior design in health centers in a therapeutic way. It is a theoretical exploratory research. The framework within which it is performed comprises the Biopolitics of Michel Foucault, the Sense of Coherence of Aaron Antonovsky, and the Restorative Environments from Kaplan & Kaplan. Each of these approaches is to provide a better understanding of the therapeutic question in its relation to health, and to identify elements to further enrich and to give another view on the thematic issue – that is, Healing Environments. We suggest six concepts: exclusion/isolation, power, social interactions, social support, pleasure and reflection. A case study aimed at examining their validity is carried out in the Centre de réadaptation Estrie. This facility, part of the Réseau de la santé et des services sociaux du Québec, is also a designated member of Planetree, whose mission is devoted to the development of management practices respectful of the human dimension in the health care environment. The quality of the physical environment being one of the ten key components of the model promoted by this organisation, the analysis, in view of the validation or the rejection of the concepts drawn from the theoretical framework, concerns the concrete forms given to these concepts. Hence, we retain: social interactions, social support, pleasure and reflection, and reject exclusion/isolation and power. Alternative proposals for these last two concepts are submitted: limits/privacy and empowerment. The principal suggestion for future research is the development of the notion of “welcome”, where interior design plays, as such, a role in health care environments.

The happiness of managers is an important research theme for several reasons. Managers spend most of their working day with people, are constantly interacting with various social systems and are role models for happiness in organisations. Furthermore, happiness (in terms of feeling and functioning well) is associated with mental health and positive organisational outcomes. The prevalence of positive mental health is relatively low, with less than a third of the population experiencing high mental health. Research about happiness is necessary given that gains in mental health predict declines in mental illness. Two conceptualisations of happiness, namely authentic happiness (Seligman, 2002), and flourishing (Keyes, 2005) include dimensions of feeling and functioning well. No studies have been conducted regarding the happiness of managers in South Africa. Therefore, research is necessary to investigate the factors associated with happiness, as well as the pathways to managers’ happiness. Psychological need satisfaction is an important pathway through which social-contextual variables impact happiness of people. The aim of this research was to investigate the state of, antecedents and outcomes of happiness of managers in the agricultural sector in South Africa. A cross-sectional design with managers in the South African agricultural sector (N = 507) was used. The Orientations to Happiness Questionnaire, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Job Satisfaction Scale, Organisational Citizenship Behaviour Scale, Organisational Commitment Scale, Antecedents Scale, Work-related Basic Need Satisfaction Scale, Work Engagement Scale, Mental Health Continuum Short Form, Questionnaire for Eudaimonic Well-being, Work-role Fit Scale, Work-Life Questionnaire and Turnover Intention Scale were utilised. Cronbach alpha coefficients, exploratory factor analysis, Pearson correlations, multiple regression analysis, descriptive statistics and mediational analysis (Omnibus procedure) were applied. Structural equation modelling was used to test a structural model of orientations to happiness and its relation to various organisational outcomes. The results of study 1 showed that orientations to happiness (i.e. pleasure, meaning and engagement) had strong direct effects on subjective well-being, job satisfaction and organisational citizenship behaviour. Orientations to happiness impacted job satisfaction indirectly through subjective well-being. Subjective well-being had a strong direct and positive effect on job satisfaction. Orientations to happiness and subjective well-being affected organisational commitment indirectly through their effects on job satisfaction. Concerning happiness as flourishing at work, the results of study 2 showed that 3% of the managers were languishing, 48.5% were moderately flourishing, while 48.5% were flourishing. Task characteristics, supervisor relations, availability of resources impacted job satisfaction, emotional and psychological well-being of managers. Remuneration was associated with job satisfaction, emotional and social well-being. Task characteristics, supervisor relations, personal resources and remuneration satisfied the psychological needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness, which impacted job satisfaction, work engagement and flourishing of managers positively. The results of study 3 showed that factors contributing to meaningful work (work role fit, good co-worker relations, meaningful tasks and work beliefs) had direct effects on psychological need satisfaction, purpose and meaning in life, organisational citizenship behaviour and turnover intention. Work role fit, co-worker relations, task characteristics and career orientation (as a work belief) impacted meaning and purpose in life indirectly through competence satisfaction. Purpose in life impacted turnover intention negatively via psychological need satisfaction, while meaning in life impacted organisational citizenship behaviour and turnover intention via competence and relatedness satisfaction. Recommendations for future research were made. / PhD, Industrial Psychology, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2012

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Miami University, Dept. of English, 2004. / Title from second page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 94-98).

Les âges du Bronze final et du premier Fer constituent, pour la Champagne, une phase d'expansion des installations humaines. C'est également au Bronze final que se généralise, à l'échelle européenne, l'adoption de nouvelles plantes cultivées, les millets, l'épeautre, l'ers, la féverole et la caméline. L'étude carpologique de 21 sites localisés dans la Plaine de Troyes, le Pays remois et la Bassée, livre des informations sur l'agriculture qui accompagne cette expansion, et sur la façon dont elle intègre les changements observés à l'échelle européenne. Dès le début du Bronze final, une agriculture diversifiée est en place. Elle inclue les nouvelles plantes, qui prennent une part importante aux productions régionales basées sur l'orge vêtue, le millet commun, et les blés vêtus, dont l'épeautre et le «new» glume wheat, blé jusqu'alors inconnu en France. La lentille, l'ers et la caméline jouent un rôle notable, complémentaire à celui des céréales. L'agriculture est stable pendant les 9 siècles étudiés. Les parcelles sont cultivées de manière permanente et plutôt intensive, sans baisse de la fertilité des sols. Une expansion des espaces pâturés est probable au cours du premier âge du Fer, peut-être sous forme de jachères. Les systèmes de culture semblent capables de répondre aux besoins de subsistance et de se perpétuer. Des pratiques sociales de repas collectifs sont attestées. Les différences qui existent entre les productions végétales, selon les secteurs géographiques, peuvent être liées aux contraintes du milieu, ou à certaines affinités culturelles. / Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age are for the Champagne area an expansion phase of human facilities. It is also during Late Bronze age that generalizes, at European level, adoption of new crops, millets, spelt, bitter vetch, field bean and gold of pleasure.The archaeobotanical study of 21 sites located in the plain of Troyes, the area of Reims and the Upper Seine Valley provides information on agriculture, which accompanies this expansion, and how it incorporates the changes observed in Europe. From the beginning of Late Bronze Age, diversified agriculture is in place. It includes the new plants, which take an important part in regional productions based on hulled barley, broomcorn millet, hulled wheats, including spelt and the "new" glume wheat, previously unknown in France. Lens, bitter vetch and go Id of pleasure play a significant role, complementary to that of cereals. Agriculture is stable during the 9 centuries investigated. Plots are cultivated permanently and rather intensively, without loss of soil fertility. An expansion of pasture areas is likely during early Iron Age, perhaps as fallows. Ability to produce surpluses seems low, but production systems are able to meet subsistence needs, and perpetuate. Mobilizing surplus in social practices of collective feasting is also likely. Crops show differences between geographical areas, in part related to the characteristics of the environment, but perhaps also due to some cultural affinities.