This thesis analyses and describes the role of Augustin Antonín Machalka, the abbot of monastery in Nová Říše in the political trial Machalka a spol.

Political Trials in the 50's - Karel Vaš The main intention behind this master thesis was to provide a general overview over the historical phenomenon of political trails that took place in the era of early years of communist regime in Czechoslovakia and to put together a life story of the communist prosecutor and the judge Karel Vaš within this grim mosaic. The thesis encompasses the broader historical background and regional frame, the development of related legislation and the apparatus of the state and the communist party involved in political trials. There is also great concern in types and directions of judicial and other persecution, the theme of the rehabilitation of victims and the prosecution of persons involved in making these trials. The thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter gives a brief description of the situation in Czechoslovakia after the Second World War. It covers the most important events that led to communists taking over the absolute power in the state and carrying out political trials in the 50's as means for the stabilization of the society. The second chapter is dedicated directly to political trials themselves. This chapter is divided into four subchapters. The first subchapter is about the context, the definition of the term and historical origin of the political...

1 Resumé Title of thesis: Political Trials in 1950s The purpose of my thesis is to describe the political trials in continuities. It means the evolution of political situation, evolution of legal order, political trials themselves, rehabilitation and the present view of the phenomenon of political trials. The thesis comprises of six chapters. Chapter One deals with comprehensive view of the political trials, but not only on the political trials themselves. It mainly focuses on legal order, evolution of the judiciary, the background of the political trials, methods used in creating political trials, types of political trials and influence on society. The chapter is subdivided into seven subchapters. These subchapters describe legal order, persecution, political trials (in general), types of political trials, activity of Soviet advisors, methods and the judiciary. Chapter Two deals with the concept of punishment, its application and execution. The chapter consists of three subchapters. Subchapter One focuses on criminal offenses and the types of punishments. Subchapter Two focuses on the capital punishment and Subchapter Three explains execution of punishment (capital punishment and custodial sentence). Chapter Three deals with the trial with Karel Kutlvašr. I would like to present the mechanism of the trial...

TITLE: Life of Josef Urválek AUTHOR: Bc. Alžběta Vašáková DEPARTMENT: Social Sciences and Philosophy Department SUPERVISOR: Prof. PhDr. Jan Županič, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: The thesis chronologically describes the life and career of the communist prosecutor Josef Urválek from his birth in České Budějovice, through the university studies at the Faculty of Law of the Charles University in Prague, the work in the First Republic, post-war and communist judiciary to the politically motivated end of his career in the Czechoslovak judicature. The thesis focuses on his activities at the Exeptional people's court in České Budějovice and at the same time at the State court in Prague during the most well-known but also less-known political lawsuits in the fifties. The last chapter is about the reflection of this unlawfulness during the political releasing in the sixties and about his understanding of the personal and legal accountability in the position of the state attorney of the communist judicature. The bibliography consists of juridical and historical literature, archive materials and newspaper articles. KEYWORDS: Josef Urválek, prosecutor, political trials, communist regime

Thesis captures the life of doc. RNDR. J. P. Ondok, Th.D. since his childhood, troughout his studies, being in prison, working at the Botanical Institute and at the University of South Bohemia until the day of his death. It shows his wide activity in the world of science, in the spiritual world and in the purely human world.

Political Trials of 1950s in Czechoslovakia - Babice Case The goal of this thesis is to describe political trials in wider context and discuss in detail about one of the greatest trials- Babice trial. In the present thesis is mapped political- history development in postwar Czechoslovakia until the revolution in 1948, analysis of key legal norms adopted after the February based on which was possible to hold political trials, classification of political trials and detailed analysis of Babice trial. The thesis is systematically divided into three chapters. The first chapter splits into two subheads. In the first subheads is discussed the political situation in postwar Czechoslovakia, formation of the first postwar government and gradual take-over by Communist Party which culminated into coup d'état in February 1948. The second subhead is dedicated to major changes in legal order and justice where was the most important that norms which was the basis for holding of political trials. The second chapter contains the characteristic of political trials, description of generation mechanism, incl. authority which has crucial impact on their actions, followed by the division of political trials according to involved groups of people. The most extensive part of whole thesis is third chapter where is analysed...

Title of the thesis: Trial of general Heliodor Píka The object of this work is to analyze the process of General Heliodor Píka in the light of social and legislative changes in the 40s of the 20th century, through which the author tries to answer the question of in what ways the applicable laws and basic legal principles were violated in the criminal proceedings conducted against general Píka and what allowed these violations. The thesis contains an outline of the political and social history of Czechoslovakia since the end of World War II until the end of the 40s of the 20th century, analysis of legal changes and newly adopted legal rules on the basis of which the political processes were later held, description of patterns and classification of political processes, and in particular a detailed analysis of the process of General Píka. The work consists of six chapters, the first three contain the necessary theoretical framework of the issue, the disclosure of which is required for subsequent analysis and understanding of the very subject of the thesis. The first chapter describes historical and political development of our country since the World War II up until the takeover of power by the Communist Party. The second chapter is dedicated to legal changes that have taken place in this period and...

This Master's thesis will look at the Political trials in Czechoslovakia - The case of "Zpěvačka", it will focus on one of the many politically motivated processes that took place in Czechoslovakia during the communist regime, i.e. 1948-1989. The focus of this paper is to analyse the key archival sources, which is now an investigation by the State Security in the case of "Zpěvačka", now stored in the Archive of Security Forces. The trial of the anti-state oriented group of people around Radana Melicharová who were accused of collaborating with foreign intelligence services took place in the spring of 1957. This shows that even the so-called foundation period of the communist regime, the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia continued to implement political processes to control the opposition. This thesis brings the main characters of the process Radana Melicharová et al., describes their illegal activities and analyses the motives of each participants on illegal activities. And also discusses about the main trial itself at the Regional Court in Prague, subsequent appeal trials and the efforts to rehabilitate convicts. Contribution of the work lies in the fact that it complements many previously published scientific studies on the topic of the political process and less known and studied process with a...

This diploma thesis deals with one phase of Josef Smrkovský's life between 1945-1963. After WW II and his engagement in the Prague Uprising, he was an eminent communist politician who possessed considerable power in the agrarian policy. However, he was arrested in 1951, became a victim of political trials and was sentenced to jail. He was later released due to the order of a rehabilitation committee, but he was not fully rehabilitated. The thesis examines and compares primary sources on Smrkovský's trial, describing methods of the State Secret Police such as surveillance, interrogations and both physical and psychological violence. Reports of Smrkovský's cellmates are also commented on. The thesis concludes with the analysis of rehabilitation committees and the effort of Smrkovský to clear himself. He re-entered political life at the beginning of the sixties. KEYWORDS Josef Smrkovský, politics, persecution, the fifties, The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, State Secret Police, rehabilitation

The thesis deals with religious sects in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s. Firstly, it describes new religious movements, which occurred in Czechoslovakia in the first half of the 20th century, especially Jehovah's Witnesses, Adventism, Mormonism and the others. The key theme of this thesis is the phenomenon of religious sects. It explores a procedure of the government, Communist party of Czechoslovakia and State Security. The thesis deals also with the conscientious objection in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s. In conclusion the thesis tries to describe the image of religious sects in newspapers. It draws from various primary sources (National Archives of the Czech Republic, Security Services Archive, Military History Archive) and from various historiographical and sociological literature.