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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Die rol van die Franse ministeriele cabinet : 'n vertolking

Auriacombe, Christelle Jeanette 06 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / In die politieke en administratiewe stelsel van Frankryk bestaan die ministeriele cabinet as 'n instelling eiesoortig aan Frankryk, met die doel om ministers individueel in stoat te stel om die politieke wil van die regering ten uitvoer te bring. Die gesag van die cabinets is kontroversieel en word enersyds geprys en andersyds gekritiseer. Die Franse ministeriele cabinet neem die plek in van 'n permanente departementshoof. en bestaan uit 'n groep persoonlike personeel wot aan elke minister verbonde is. Sy funksie is om horn te ondersteun en te adviseer sodat hy 'n ingeligte oordeel kan fel voordat hy besluite neem, en ook om te verseker dot sy beleid geformuleer, verduidelik en uitgevoer word. Die ministeriele cabinet was oorspronklik 'n politieke instelling wot in die algemeen uit politieke bondgenote van die minister bestaan het. In die Vyfde Republiek het dit egter ontwikkel tot 'n formele instelling. Dit het 'n onontbeerlike rol begin speel om die skakeling van die politieke stelsel met die administratiewe stelsel te bewerkstellig en ko6rdinering te verseker. Net soos die ministers, funksioneer die cabinets op daardie kruispunte waar verskeie politieke en administratiewe instellings met mekaar skakel. Hulle vervul gevolglik 'n sleutelrol om skakeling te fasiliteer en samewerking te bewerkstellig. Ministeriele cabinets verbind dus die politieke partye, die Parlement, belangegroepe en drukgroepe met ministeries (staatsdepartemente) as uiNoerende instellings. In hierdie proefskrif word die funksionering van die cabinets ontleed en hulle besondere rol in die Franse politieke en administratiewe stelsel vertolk. Die skrywer het bevind dot, waar cabinets effektief funksioneer, hulle doelmatige en doeltreffende meganismes is om die verhouding tussen die politieke en administratiewe stelsel in die bree te versterk tot voordeel van goele regering. Cabinets wot egter nie effektief funksioneer nie, lei tot 'n verswakking in die verhoudinge in en tussen ministeries met nadelige gevolge vir die regering. Voorts is bevind dot die cabinets 'n belangrike rol vervul om die kloof tussen die minister en die amptenare in sy ministerie te oorbrug. 'n Cabinet kan dus 'n minister se loopbaan bevorder of benadeel. / The French political and administrative system includes the ministerial cabinet, a uniquely French institution that exists with the purpose of enabling individual ministers to execute the political will of the government. The authority of the cabinets is either praised or criticised. The French ministerial cabinet substitutes for a permanent head of a deportment, and consists of a group of personal staff serving each minister. Its function is to support and advise him, in order to enable him to make informed judgements before taking decisions, and also to ensure that his policy is formulated. clarified and executed. In its original form the ministerial cabinet was a political institution, generally consisting of political allies of the minister. However. in the Fifth Republic it was transformed into a formal institution. It acquired an indispensable role in effecting liaison and co-ordination of the political system with the administrative system. The cabinets, like the ministers, function at the intersections of political and administrative institutions. Thus they play a key role in facilitating liaison. Hence. ministerial cabinets link the political parties, Parliament, interest groups and pressure groups, with the ministries (state deportments) as executive institutions. This thesis consists of an analysis of the functioning of cabinets, and interprets their particular role in the French political and administrative system. The author has found that where cabinets function as efficient and effective mechanisms, they strengthen the relationship of the political and administrative systems in general to the advantage of good governance. Ineffective cabinets, however. impair the relations within and among ministries to the disadvantage of the government. It has also been established that cabinets play an important role in bridging the gap between the minister and the officials in his ministry. A cabinet can thus improve or damage a minister's career. / Public Administration and Management / D. Litt. et Phil. (Publieke Administrasie)
32

Rozpuštění parlamentu v ústavách České republiky a Spolkové republiky Německo a jeho využití v ústavně-politické praxi / The Dissolution of Parliament in the Constitutions of the Czech Republic and Germany and its Usage in Constitutional and Political Praxis

Adamec, Matouš January 2018 (has links)
This master thesis aims the analysis of the constitutional Institute of dissolution of the Bundestag in the Basic law of Germany and the Chamber of Deputies in the Constitution of the Czech Republic and its usage in the constitutional and political praxis. It is a two-case-study with the goal to compare how the dissolution of parliament is defined in both constitutions, which restrictions are set for its usage, who is the decision maker and for which situations the dissolution of parliament is defined in those constitutions. At the very beginning, the basic theory of the dissolution and its types are presented followed by the two case studies that include the historical background of the actual valid constitutional modification the dissolution of parliament. The second part of each case study consists of the analysis of the actual modification and presentation of its specifics and relation to other articles of the constitution. The third part of both case studies covers the actual political and constitutional usage of the Institute of dissolution, its attempts and also the decisions of the constitutional courts in each country. The Czech case also covers the constitutional amendment that extended the possibility to dissolve the Czech Chamber of Deputies. In the German case also the so-called...
33

Le gouverneur civil au portugal / The Portuguese Civil Governor

Nabais Ramos, Manuel 23 November 2012 (has links)
Le gouverneur civil portugais ne cesse d’être, pour les juristes, les politistes et les historiens, une sourceconstante d’interrogations. Établi en 1832 par José Xavier MOUZINHO da SILVEIRA avec le titre de prefeito, puisen 1835 avec celui de gouverneur civil, en même temps que la création du district en tant que division administrativedu territoire, il a été, dès ses origines, fortement inspiré du préfet français. L’institution a été instaurée dans laperspective de créer une séparation entre les fonctions juridictionnelles et administratives, lesquelles relevaient descomarcas. De même, il s’agissait de doter le pouvoir royal d’une réelle structure politique à l’échelon local. Par lasuite, les Codes administratifs successifs, révisés ou adoptés quasiment à chaque alternance politique, avantl’avènement de l’État Nouveau et la Constitution Politique de 1933, n’ont pas bouleversé fondamentalement lesattributions de l’institution en tant que représentation locale du pouvoir central, et il a fallu attendre le Codeadministratif de 1940 pour faire du gouverneur civil un acteur essentiel de la vie administrative et politique locale.Après la transition démocratique, qui a fait suite à la Révolution des OEillets du 25 avril 1974, et l’adoption de laConstitution de la République Portugaise de 1976, le gouverneur civil, toujours nommé par le pouvoir central, a étémaintenu à titre transitoire… durant quatre décennies. Depuis l’échec du référendum du 8 novembre 1998, relatif à larégionalisation administrative du territoire, les relations complexes de la classe politique à l’égard de l’institutioncentrale du district se sont toujours inscrites entre perspectives de suppression, volonté de réformes et indécisions. Encela, elles sont révélatrices des atermoiements et des paradoxes de la classe politique qui souhaitait une réforme enprofondeur du gouverneur civil, mais qui maintenait l’institution dans une situation ambiguë. La loi organiquen° 1/2011 du 30 novembre 2011 a disposé que le gouverneur civil était supprimé. En l’absence d’un représentantlocal du pouvoir central on propose une réforme théorique dans laquelle le prefeito régional représenterait l’État dansles régions administratives lorsqu’elles auront été instaurées. / The role of the Portuguese Civil Governor remains a constant source of interrogation for lawyers, politicalscientists and historians. It was established in 1832 by José Xavier MOUZINHO da SILVEIRA, under the title ofPrefeito then in 1835 at the time of the creation of the district as an administrative division of the territory, the titlebecame the “Civil Governor”. It was initially inspired by the French Prefect. The institution was founded in anattempt to separate the jurisdictional and administrative functions within the districts. Similarly, the goal was toprovide the royal power with a real political structure at local level. Accordingly, before the advent of the New Stateand the Political Constitution of 1933, the revised and adopted administrative codes, resulting from any politicalchange, did not fundamentally alter the powers of the institution as a local representation of the central power. TheCivil Governor only became a key player in the administration and local politics following the Administrative Codeof 1940. After the democratic transition following the Carnation Revolution (April 25, 1974) and the adoption of theConstitution of the Portuguese Republic in 1976, the Civil Governor, who was always appointed by the centralgovernment, has remained in a transitory state for four decades, more than a third of a century. Since the referendumof November 8th 1998 relating to the administrative regionalization of the territory failed, the complex relationshipsbetween the political class and the central institution of the district have always wavered between the prospect ofsuppression, the desire for reform and indecisiveness. As such these relations revealed the prevarications andparadoxes of the political class which wanted an in depth reform of the Civil Governor’s role while maintaining theinstitution in an ambiguous situation. The organic law n° 1/2011 of November 30th 2011 states that the CivilGovernor is abolished. In the absence of the local representative of the central power, a theoretical reform is proposedwhere the regional Prefeito represents the State in the administrative regions once they are established.
34

L'autonomie organisationnelle du gouvernement : recherche sur le droit gouvernemental de la Vème République / Autonomy in government organisation : research on governmental law under the Fifth Republic

Caron, Matthieu 15 November 2014 (has links)
La doctrine constitutionnelle française a reconnu, à la suite des traités de Jules Poudra et d’Eugène Pierre, que le droit parlementaire représentait une réalité juridique positive qui méritait d’être conceptualisée et d’accéder au rang de discipline universitaire. Paradoxalement, aucune étude approfondie du Gouvernement n’a jamais été menée pour déterminer s’il existait un droit gouvernemental.En procédant au récolement et à l’analyse des règles relatives à l’ordonnancement intérieur du Gouvernement de la Ve République, cette thèse entend précisément démontrer que le Gouvernement régit de manière autonome sa propre organisation et son fonctionnement internes au même titre que le Parlement. D’une part, elle permet de soutenir que le Gouvernement dispose d’une autonomie de portée variable (résiduelle, partagée ou pleine) lorsqu’il élabore le droit régissant son organisation politique. D’autre part, elle établit qu’il jouit d’une pleine autonomie pour réglementer l’organisation de son administration gouvernementale (cabinets ministériels, administrations chargées de la coordination interministérielle et administrations centrales).Cette thèse ne prétend pas pour autant constituer une théorie générale du droit gouvernemental. Elle se veut une première recherche de droit constitutionnel destinée à susciter un débat doctrinal au sujet de l’existence juridique du droit gouvernemental et de son utilité pour la démocratie. / French constitutional doctrine, following the treaties of Jules Poudra and Eugène Pierre, acknowledged that Parliamentary Law represented a positive reality which deserved to be conceptualised and take its full place as a university discipline. It is paradoxical that no in-depth study has ever been carried out on Government to determine if Governmental law really existsBy collecting, gathering and analysing the rules concerning the internal organisation of the Government of the Fifth Republic, this thesis wishes to prove that the Government regulates its own organisation and internal operations in an autonomous manner in much the same way as the Parliament. On the one hand this thesis defends the fact that the Government has a variable scope of autonomy (Residual, shared or complete) when drawing up laws governing its own organisation policy. On the other hand, it points out that the Government exercises full autonomy to regulate the organisation of its administration (Ministries, Offices in charge of coordinating the different Ministries and the Central Administration).The intention of this thesis is not to put forward a general theory on Governmental Law. It is an initial research into constitutional law with a purpose of stimulating doctrinal debate on the existence of Governmental Law and its utility for Democracy.

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