O controle centralizado do tráfego tem como objetivo integrar e gerenciar informações, auxiliando na tomada de decisão em tempo real. Devido ao aumento da complexidade da malha viária, principalmente em grandes cidades, muitos estudos têm focado em sistemas de controle de tráfego, incluindo desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias e ferramentas. Para gerenciar essa complexidade, é necessário que as organizações públicas, onde estão inseridos os Centros de Controle de Tráfego (CCT), conheçam e melhorem seus processos, alinhando e integrando-os aos seus sistemas de informação, de maneira a possibilitar o atendimento das demandas de forma eficiente. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa baseia-se nos conceitos e práticas do Business Process Management (BPM) com objetivo de propor um modelo de estruturação dos processos para a gestão inteligente das informações no controle centralizado do tráfego. O trabalho, portanto, se desenvolve ao longo das fases e etapas do ciclo do BPM, contemplando desde o planejamento até a modelagem de processos e apresentando como resultado final uma proposta para um plano de otimização de processos. Assim, para atender ao objetivo principal da pesquisa, o trabalho foi desmembrado em três artigos com níveis crescentes de glanuralidade: (i) Inicialmente foi apresentada, baseada em estudo de caso, uma aplicação abrangente da metodologia, percorrendo da primeira à terceira fase do ciclo de BPM em que a empresa está apta para executar os processos e seguir para a quarta fase, Controle e Análise de Dados. (ii) O segundo artigo apresenta o detalhamento da segunda fase do ciclo de BPM, que consiste na modelagem e otimização dos processos. Os processos As Is foram, então, modelados e analisados para que pudesse ser proposta a melhoria na forma de um macroprocesso To Be. (iii) Para embasar a proposição do macroprocesso To Be, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura, na qual foram compiladas as melhores práticas no tema e verificadas para a realidade brasileira através de entrevista com especialistas. O resultado foi o Mapeamento de Melhores Práticas associado a um Modelo Referência para o Processo de Controle de Tráfego. Em complemento, foram determinadas diretrizes a serem seguidas para a gestão inteligente das informações no controle centralizado do tráfego. Esses resultados definem, portanto, um modelo de referência To Be dos processos de trabalho em CCTs. A principal contribuição teórica desta pesquisa é, então, a consolidação de melhores práticas associadas a um Modelo de Referência do Processo de Controle do Tráfego, ajustado para a realidade dos CCTs brasileiros. Do ponto de vista prático, a metodologia e os resultados apresentados incentivam a implantação de BPM não só em CCTs, mas em qualquer setor de uma organização pública. / The centralization of traffic control aims to integrate and manage information, aiding decision making in real time. Due to the increasing complexity of the road network, especially in large cities, many studies have focused on traffic control systems, including development of new technologies and tools. To manage this complexity, it is necessary that public organizations, where the Traffic Control Centers (TCC) are inserted, understand and improve their processes, aligning and integrating them into their information systems in order to enable the fulfillment of demands efficiently. In this sense, this research is based on the concepts and practices of Business Process Management (BPM) in order to propose a structuring model of processes for the intelligent management of information in centralized traffic control. The work, therefore, is developed through the phases and stages of the BPM cycle, covering from planning to process modeling and presenting as the final result a proposal for a process optimization plan. Thus, to meet the main goal of the research, the work was divided into three articles with increasing levels of detail: (i) initially it was presented, based on case study, a comprehensive application of the methodology, that cover from the first to the third phase of the BPM cycle in which the company is able to run the process and move on to the fourth phase, Control and Data Analysis. (ii) The second article presents the details of the application of second phase of the BPM cycle, which consists of modeling and optimization of processes. The processes "As Is" were modeled and analyzed in order to propose improvements trough a Macro process "To Be". (iii) To support the proposition of macroprocess “To Be”, a systematic review of the literature was applied in order to compile best practices on the subject that were checked for the Brazilian reality through interviews with experts. The result was a Map of Best Practices in association with a Reference Model for Traffic Control Process. In addition to the map, the paper presents guidelines to be followed for the intelligent management of information in centralized traffic control. These results define a reference model "To Be" of work processes in TCCs. From a practical standpoint, the methodology and results presented encourage the deployment of BPM not only in TCCs, but also in any department of a public organization.

Nas últimas décadas pôde-se constatar uma preocupação constante de gestores, tanto da iniciativa privada quanto da administração pública, com a evolução do conhecimento e a busca de soluções para os problemas relacionados às áreas de gestão de organizações e de tecnologia. O conceito de gerenciamento de processos, conhecido desde o início do século passado com o movimento da administração científica, tem ecoado com mais intensidade na consciência do mundo dos negócios nas duas últimas décadas. A busca pelo direcionamento das organizações aos processos de negócio motivou como o da gestão pela qualidade total (TQM), a reengenharia dos processos de negócio (BPR), o desenvolvimento de sistemas integrados de gestão empresarial (ERP) e, mais recentemente, o gerenciamento de processos de negócio ou BPM - Business Process Management. Contudo, existe na literatura acadêmica uma lacuna de relatos sobre mecanismos de medição de desempenho de BPMs que considerem o processo como um todo, de ponta a ponta, e que contribuam para o cumprimento das metas estratégicas das organizações. A existência de um significativo atraso tanto no aspecto tecnológico quanto no controle de processos de negócio na administração pública fazendária brasileira foi um dos motivos que provocaram a criação do PNAFE - Programa Nacional de Apoio aos Fiscos Estaduais no Brasil. Documentos do programa apontam a necessidade de que o gerenciamento de processos de negócio das organizações fazendárias seja mensurado considerando atributos gerenciais, segundo uma visão sistêmica, e não somente com o uso de indicadores de desempenho pontuais ou de caráter operacional. E mais ainda: acusam a falta de um modelo para a medição de desempenho de BPMs no programa. Baseado neste fato, este estudo visou identificar os atributos que devem fazer parte de uma proposta de modelo para medição e avaliação de desempenho de BPMs no PNAFE, bem como desenvolver e validar tal modelo. O construto foi baseado nos atributos dos sistemas de medição de desempenho organizacionais, conhecidos e validados pela literatura acadêmica da administração e da engenharia de produção, compilados em estudos científicos recentes, e no modelo arquitetônico para controle de processos de negócio RiverFish, oriundo da Engenharia de Software. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com dirigentes do programa no estado de São Paulo e, posteriormente, uma pesquisa quantitativa (e-survey) com coordenadores estaduais e líderes de projeto da maioria dos estados brasileiros no PNAFE a fim de se conhecerem os atributos e em que grau estiveram presentes nos principais macro-processos das áreas financeira, tributária e de organização e gestão do programa. Para a análise da relação entre gestores, atributos do modelo e processos de negócio foram empregadas técnicas estatísticas de análise uni, bi e multivariada, por meio das quais se buscou conhecer, por exemplo, quais atributos discriminaram o gerenciamento satisfatório do insatisfatório de BPMs, ou ainda, aqueles que mais contribuiram para o aperfeiçoamento do modelo proposto. Por fim, são apresentadas as principais conclusões do estudo, orientações aos gestores do programa e sugestões para pesquisas futuras, e a proposta de modelo final validado para o gerenciamento de processos de negócio no PNAFE - o SMD-BPM. / In the last two decades it has been noticed managers being constantly interested about the knowledge evolution and the search for solutions to problems related to the areas of organizations management and technology on the private enterprise and also on the public administration. The concept of process management, which has been known since the beginning of the last century with the scientific administration movement, has echoed more intensely in the business world in the last two decades. The organizations search towards the business processes has motivated movements such as the total quality management (TQM), the business processes reengineering (BPR), the enterprise resources planning (ERP), and more recently, the BPM ? Business Process Management. However, there is a gap in the academic literature when it comes to mechanisms for measuring the BPM performance considering the process end-to-end, which contribute for the organizations to reach their strategic goals. The PNAFE - Programa Nacional de Apoio aos Fiscos Estaduais no Brasil (National Programme to Support the State Treasury Department in Brazil) was created mostly in order to minimize the significant delay both in the use of technology and in the business process control within the Brazilian public treasury administration. Documents of the programme indicate that business processes management in the treasury organizations should be assessed for their management attributes in a systemic view, not only by punctual performance indicators or operational ones. Besides, the documents point the absence of a BPM performance measuring model in the programme. Taking this fact into consideration, this study aims at identifying the attributes that should be part of proposed model for measuring and evaluating BPM performance within PNAFE as well as to develop and validate such model. The construct has been based on the attributes of the organizational performance measuring systems, known and validated by the academic literature of administration and production engineering ? which have been recently compiled in scientific studies and in the architectural model of RiverFish, a software engineering tool for business process control. A qualitative research has been carried on involving directors of the programme in the state of São Paulo and later a quantitative research (e-survey) involving state coordinators and project leaders in most of the Brazilian states at PNAFE, in order to know which attributes and at which level were present in the main macro-processes of the financial, tax administration and organization management areas in the programme. To analyze the relationships between managers, model attributes and business processes, statistical techniques of uni- , bi- and multivariate analysis were applied. By doing so, it was expected to know, for example, which attributes discriminate between the suceeded management and the unsucceeded one in BPM, or even which attributes have contributed the most to the improvement of the proposed model. Finally, the most important conclusions of the study are shown, together with suggestions both to the programme managers and for further researches, and a proposal of a final validated model for the business process management at PNAFE ? the SMD-BPM.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-04-07T12:25:45Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO - IVERUSKA CARMEN JATOBA BASTOS ARTEIRO.pdf: 3328358 bytes, checksum: a19fe1c240d4ce34c820b12f89825c1b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-07T12:25:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO - IVERUSKA CARMEN JATOBA BASTOS ARTEIRO.pdf: 3328358 bytes, checksum: a19fe1c240d4ce34c820b12f89825c1b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-26 / Gestão de Processos de Negócio (BPM) tem se tornado uma poderosa abordagem para aumentar a eficiência e eficácia dos serviços prestados nas organizações públicas e privadas. Entretanto, existe uma crescente consciência que BPM requer uma visão holística da organização, onde a cultura organizacional é um fator crítico de sucesso para a implantação de uma iniciativa de BPM. Assim, o objetivo dessa pesquisa é analisar o quanto uma cultura organizacional suporta a implantação e evolução de uma iniciativa de Gestão de Processos de Negócio. Em particular, pretende-se identificar valores e aspectos culturais da organização que atuam como facilitadores ou barreiras ao desenvolvimento de uma Cultura de BPM na organização, do ponto de vista de diferentes stakeholders, tais como: patrocinadores, líderes de projetos, gerentes funcionais, analistas de processos, analistas de sistemas, clientes da iniciativa e consultores externos. Para entender este problema a partir de uma perspectiva prática, foi realizado um estudo de caso exploratório em uma organização do setor público que está conduzindo uma iniciativa de BPM. Foram realizadas entrevistas, observações e análise de documentos para coletar os dados, que foram analisados através de técnicas de análise temática. O estudo de caso exploratório possibilitou a identificação de valores e aspectos culturais que influenciam a implantação e consolidação de uma inciativa de BPM, atuando como facilitadores ou barreiras. Essas características culturais e suas relações foram representadas através de um modelo de diagnóstico no qual foram explicitadas as influências positivas e negativas que as características culturais exercem sobre a iniciativa de BPM na organização. Assim, a realização dessa pesquisa e os resultados encontrados contribuíram para o aumento do conhecimento sobre quais valores e aspectos culturais influenciam a evolução de BPM, possibilitando a mitigação dos possíveis impactos negativos e o desenvolvimento daqueles valores culturais que atuam como facilitadores para fortalecer uma cultura alinhada com os princípios de BPM. / Business Process Management (BPM) has become a powerful tool for increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of services provided in public and private organizations. However, there is growing awareness that BPM requires a holistic view of the organization where the organizational culture is a critical success factor for the deployment of a BPM initiative. The objective of this research is to analyze how an organizational culture supports the deployment and evolution of a Business Process Management initiative. In particular, we intend to identify values and cultural aspects of the organization who act as facilitators or barriers to the development of a BPM culture in the organization, from the point of view of different stakeholders, such as sponsors, project leaders, functional managers, analysts processes, systems analysts, customers of the initiative and external consultants. To understand this issue from a practical perspective, it performed an exploratory case study in a public sector organization that is leading a BPM initiative. Interviews were conducted, observations and document analysis to collect the data, which were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The exploratory case study enabled the identification of values and cultural aspects that influence the implementation and consolidation of a BPM initiative, acting as facilitators or barriers. These cultural characteristics and their relations were represented by a model in which they explained the positive and negative influences that cultural characteristics have on the BPM initiative in the organization. Thus, the realization of this research and the results obtained contributed to increased knowledge about what values and cultural aspects influence the evolution of BPM, allowing the mitigation of possible negative impacts and the development of those cultural values that act as facilitators to strengthen an aligned culture with the principles of BPM.

Offentlig verksamhet har historiskt legat i den digitala utvecklingens kölvatten. Delvis på grund av ett lägre intresse för effektivisering och lönsamhet, men också på grund av dess komplexitet i form av storlek, politiska förutsättningar och regulatoriska ramar. Denna utveckling har i olika grad börjat vända och offentlig verksamhet lägger allt större vikt vid intern utveckling och underhåll av digitala processer, vilket föranleder ett ökat intresse för hur metoder och verktyg som uppstått ur den privata sektorn, kan tillämpas inom offentlig verksamhet. Studien utgår från hur verktyg och metoder inom Business Process Management (BPM) tidigare använts i forskningssyfte för att förbättra processer inom offentlig sektor, också skulle kunna användas i ett fall av incidenthanteringsprocess i en medelstor svensk kommun. Denna fallstudie bygger på en kvalitativ metodansats för att få djupare insikt i processen och förstå sambandet mellan olika faktorer som påverkar möjligheten att nyttja simulationsbaserad processanalys enligt BPM. Resultatet visar på vilka förutsättningar som finns eller behövs för att använda simulationsbaserad processanalys, i syfte att förstå och vidare utveckla processen för incidenthantering i fallet. Det framgår av resultatet att en god grund finns för anammandet av verktyget, med potential att vidare utveckla processen i syfte att uppnå centrala nyckeltal. Resultatet visar också på relevanta nyckeltal att utgå från vid simulationer alternativt andra utvecklingssyften. Dock fanns processen ha vissa potentiella hinder, i form av begränsad loggning av de aktiviteter som utförs.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-06-06T13:04:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafael Tiburi Bettiol_.pdf: 3696012 bytes, checksum: 981a8a497c8c80c028d42c364106eda3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-06T13:04:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafael Tiburi Bettiol_.pdf: 3696012 bytes, checksum: 981a8a497c8c80c028d42c364106eda3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-27 / Nenhuma / A Gestão de Processos de Negócio (BPM) vem sendo adotada pelas organizações a fim de solucionar problemas latentes nas interações das atividades organizacionais, proporcionando assim, maior eficiência operacional e melhores níveis de serviço, os quais satisfarão e melhorarão a experiência dos clientes para com os produtos e serviços. Para essa adoção, os processos de negócio passam por projetos de BPM, os quais tem o objetivo de entender como uma determinada etapa da organização atua, eliminando desperdícios, e redesenhar o processo aderindo à melhores práticas e à novos conceitos. Após essas fases de projeto, são estabelecidas ações que irão transformar o processo de negócio do estado atual ao futuro. É neste contexto de pós projeto que este estudo de casos busca analisar o “por que” e o “como” os processos de negócio efetivamente transformaram. O “por que” está na análise das variáveis que influenciam a efetiva transformação, sendo que as variáveis estão baseadas em conceitos de Rotinização, Infusão e Mudança Cultural. E o “como” está baseado nos projetos de BPM, suas técnicas, métodos, ferramentas e entregáveis, estabelecendo padrões de condução. Na execução desta pesquisa, foram efetuadas pesquisas bibliográficas para estabelecer os principais conceitos, possibilitando definições claras das variáveis envolvidas. A pesquisa foi baseada em um estudo de múltiplos casos através das técnicas de coleta de dados entrevista e dados secundários. Foram efetuadas validações dos conceitos, das variáveis, das perguntas e do roteiro de entrevista junto a especialistas empregando Focus Group. Após a validação do instrumento de pesquisa, as entrevistas foram realizadas com organizações que haviam executado projetos de BPM e os respectivos processos estivessem em operação no instante da pesquisa. A coleta de dados, junto com os dados secundários, obteve informações suficientes para a segmentação, codificação e análise. Na análise, para medir a efetiva transformação, foram estabelecidos níveis de influência, negativo, neutro e positivo, para cada variável. Sendo assim, a efetiva transformação dos processos de negócio pôde ser analisada através da composição das influências das variáveis, uso prolongado, uso na integração, orçamento, equipe, capacitação, governança corporativa, fornecimento e manutenção, atitudes individuais para com a mudança e compartilhamento de conhecimento. O resultado do estudo demonstra que a variável uso prolongado foi a que mais influenciou negativamente a efetiva transformação dos casos analisados e, por outro lado, a variável governança corporativa foi a que mais influenciou positivamente. Na análise dos padrões de condução através das técnicas, métodos, ferramentas e entregáveis utilizados nos respectivos projetos de BPM, foi utilizada uma análise chamada de Densidade de Código. A partir dessa 5 densidade pôde-se verificar que Brainstorming, BPMN e Entrevistas são as mais utilizadas dentre as técnicas, métodos, ferramentas e entregáveis dos casos analisados. Portanto, essas análises geraram conteúdo para discussões que se estenderam desde os facilitadores e barreiras para a efetiva transformação, passando por um paralelo entre a efetiva transformação conceitual e a observada, até as técnicas, métodos, ferramentas e entregáveis que mais foram utilizadas. / The Business Process Management (BPM) has been adopted by organizations to solve potential problems in the interactions of organizational activities, thus providing greater operational efficiency and improved service levels, which meet and improve the customer experience toward products and services. For this adoption, business processes undergo BPM projects, which aims to understand how a certain stage of organization operates, eliminating waste, and redesigning the process adhering to best practices and new concepts. After these project phases, actions are established that will transform the business process from the current state to the future. It is in this context of post project that this study of cases aims to analyze the "why" and "how" business processes effectively transformed. The "why" is the analysis of the variables that influence the effective transformation, and the variables are based on concepts of Routinization, Infusion and Cultural Change. And the "how" is based on BPM projects, their techniques, methods, tools and deliverables, setting leading standards. In the execution of this research, literature searches were performed to establish the main concepts, enabling clear definitions of the variables involved. The research was based on a multiple case study through interview data collection techniques and secondary data. The concepts, variables, questions and interview guide were validated with experts using Focus Group. After validation of the research instrument, interviews were conducted with organizations that had implemented BPM projects and their processes were in operation at the instant of the research. The data collection, along with the secondary data, obtained enough information for segmentation, coding and analysis. In the analysis, to measure the effective transformation, were established levels of influence, negative, neutral and positive, for each variable. Thus, the effective transformation of business processes could be analyzed through the composition of the influences of variables, extended use, use in integration, budget, staff, training, corporate governance, supply and maintenance, individual attitudes towards change and sharing knowledge. The result of the study shows that extended use variable was the most negatively influenced the effective transformation of the cases and, on the other hand, the variable corporate governance was the most influenced positively. In the analysis of leading patterns through the techniques, methods, tools and deliverables used in their BPM projects, a analysis called code density was used. From this density could be seen that Brainstorming, BPMN and Interviews are the most used among the techniques, methods, tools and deliverables of the cases. Therefore, these analyzes generated content for discussions that extended from the facilitators and barriers to effective transformation, through a parallel 7 between the conceptual and observed effective transformation until the techniques, methods, tools and deliverables that more were used.

Det är allt vanligare att organisationer och dess processer genomgår en digital transformation föratt uppnå konkurrensfördelar. Organisationer letar ofta efter effektivare sätt att utföra processer.För att effektivisera processer kan digitala verktyg som Robotic Process Automation (RPA)användas. RPA har under de senaste fem åren blivit populärt bland organisationer då RPA oftastger en snabb return on investment (ROI). Vid ett strukturerat införande av RPA i organisationerkrävs ett förändringsarbete då det kan uppstå utmaningar som behöver hanteras. Befintliglitteratur inom RPA-området beskriver olika typer av metoder och utmaningar vid införande avRPA, men lite är känt om hur utmaningar och förändringar påverkar RPA-införandet och när deförekommer. Studiens syfte är därför att identifiera vilka utmaningar som uppkommit vidinförandet och när de förekommer. Studiens frågeställning lyder: Vilka utmaningar iförändringsarbetet finns det vid införande av RPA? Studien visar att utmaningar som uppkommer bör hanteras i tid för att inte påverka senareaktiviteter i RPA-införandet. Studiens slutsats är att det finns många olika typer av utmaningarsom en organisation ställs inför i förändringsarbetet när de för in RPA. Studiens resultat påidentifierade utmaningar är motstånd i organisationen, förändringsledning,processbeskrivningar, utveckling av RPA och övervakning av RPA. Det bidrag som studien tillförtill forskningsområdet är när utmaningar vid ett RPA-införande kan förekomma och hur derelaterar till varandra under RPA-införandet. / It’s common that organizations and their processes goes through a digital transformation toachieve competitive advantages. Organizations are often looking for more efficient ways ofexecuting their processes. To achieve efficiency in organizations, digital tools like RoboticProcess Automation (RPA) could be used. During the past five years RPA has become popularamong organizations due to a fast return on investments (ROI). When in a structured wayimplementing RPA in organizations, change management should be applied to handle potentialchallenges. Existing literature within the RPA field explains different types of models andholistic challenges when transitioning to RPA, however, little is known about how these changesare affecting the RPA-implementation and when they occur. Consequently, the purpose of thisstudy is to identify what challenges organizations have met during the implementation and whenthe challenges occurred. The question of the study is: What challenges in the change process isthere when implementing RPA? The study shows the importance of managing the challenges that arise initially to prevent futureissues in the RPA-project. The conclusion is that there are many different types of challenges thatan organization will encounter in change management when implementing RPA. The result of thestudy identified following challenges, organizational resistance, change management, processdescription, development of RPA and monitoring of RPA. The contribution of the study to theresearch area is when challenges during a RPA-implementation can occur and how challengesrelate to each other during the RPA-implementation.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-08-23T15:22:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Francis André Soso_.pdf: 1954091 bytes, checksum: e741d5f92fec36ade5c970df63f17086 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-23T15:22:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Francis André Soso_.pdf: 1954091 bytes, checksum: e741d5f92fec36ade5c970df63f17086 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-06 / Nenhuma / A adoção do Business Process Management (BPM) é um tema de interesse das organizações e também das pesquisas nas áreas de Gestão e Tecnologia da Informação (TI) pelo seu potencial de melhorar o desempenho organizacional. Entretanto, os fatores que caracterizam sua adoção não estão esclarecidos na literatura, pois as pesquisas existentes apresentam limitações relacionadas a contexto, público participante, abrangência de conceitos e setor de mercado onde foram realizadas. Portanto o objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar quais fatores caracterizam a adoção do BPM pelas organizações. Para isso identificou-se na literatura os fatores que caracterizam essa adoção e os fatores críticos de sucesso (FCS) relacionando-os com dez princípios propostos por Brocke et al. (2014a). A partir daí desenvolveu e validou-se um instrumento para medir a implantação e uso dos conceitos de BPM nas organizações. Por fim analisou-se as práticas organizacionais associadas a essa adoção. O método utilizado para atingir esses objetivos foi o de uma pesquisa do tipo survey aplicada em um público de profissionais ligados ao tema da pesquisa no período de 28/08/2015 a 16/11/2015. A amostra alcançou 352 respondentes e a coleta de dados deu-se por questionário distribuído via internet. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se como técnica a análise exploratória e a modelagem de equações estruturais (MEE) e como método a análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC). Após ajustes realizados no modelo o resultado da análise indicou a validade e confiabilidade do instrumento de pesquisa. Por fim, demonstra-se a contribuição dessa pesquisa ao indicar os dez fatores que caracterizam a adoção do BPM pelas organizações. São eles: características internas, modelagem de processos, sinergia entre áreas, clareza no nível estratégico, comprometimento, papéis e responsabilidades, cadeia de valor, priorização de processos, cultura de processos e implementação. / The adoption of Business Process Management (BPM) is an issue of interest organizations and also of research in Management and Information Technology (IT) for its potential to improve organizational performance. However, the factors which characterize its adoption are not clear in the literature because the existing research present limitations related to the context, participating public, scope of concepts and market sector where they were performed. Therefore the aim of this study was to analyze which factors characterize the adoption of BPM in organizations. For this purpose was identified in the literature the factors that characterize this adoption and the critical success factors (CSF) relating them with ten principles proposed by Brocke et al. (2014a). From then it developed and validated an instrument to measure the implementation and use of BPM concepts in organizations. Finally we analyzed the organizational practices associated with this adoption. The method used to achieve these goals was the survey type applied in a professional public related to the subject of research in the period from 08/28/2015 to 11/16/2015. The sample reached 352 respondents and data collection occurred by questionnaire distributed over the Internet. For data analysis was used as a technical exploratory analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) and as a method confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). After adjustments to the model analysis results indicated the validity and reliability of research instrument. Finally, bring forward the contribution of this research to indicate the ten factors that characterize the adoption of BPM by organizations. These are: internal characteristics, process modeling, synergy between departments, clearly at the strategic level, commitment, roles and responsibilities, value chain, prioritization process, process culture and implementation.

Ces dernières années, les progrès en sciences de la gestion et de l’information ont transformé la Gestion de Processus d’Affaires (Business Process Management, BPM) en un sujet important, tant du côté de l’industrie que de celui de la recherche. Le BPM utilise des processus métiers pour améliorer la performance opérationnelle des organisations. Les processus métiers établissent un lien entre les personnes, les systèmes, et les différentes organisations, dans le but de créer de la valeur pour les parties prenantes. La cible de notre travail est la famille des systèmes BPM. Un système BPM est un système logiciel générique guidé par des modèles explicites de processus métier avec pour objectif d’exécuter et de gérer des processus opérationnels. Malgré le vaste éventail de sujets traités par ce domaine de recherche, il reste encore quelques questions qui méritent une étude plus approfondie. Un problème particulier concerne la médiation entre les systèmes BPM et les humains. L’interaction homme-machine dans ces systèmes repose sur des interfaces standard basées sur des listes de taches et des formulaires, ce qui est très contraignant pour les utilisateurs.Ceux-ci ont non seulement des difficultés à exécuter leurs processus métier, mais aussi a trouver le processus métier le mieux adapté à leurs besoins. Il serait beaucoup plus efficace d’utiliser des dialogues en langage naturel. Malheureusement les langages de modélisation de processus ne permettent pas de capturer ni de modéliser un domaine de discours. Le travail présent propose une approche originale de gestion du dialogue basée sur des systèmes multi-agents pour l’exécution des processus métier. La motivation globale pour ce travail fut de concevoir un modèle de dialogue extensible à différents domaines. Ce modèle s’appuie sur les ontologies de domaine, nécessitant un minimum d’effort d’adaptation pour améliorer l’interaction. Les résultats montrent tout le potentiel de notre approche multi-agent pour réaliser une médiation automatiquement, sans qu’il soit nécessaire de reconstruire les modèles de processus métier. / Over the last few years, the advances in management science and information technology have transformed the business process management (BPM) discipline into an important topic for both industry and academy. BPM uses business processes as the means for improving the operational performance of organizations, and setting processes are at the heart of BPM allows linking together people, systems, and different organizations to deliver value to stakeholders. The target of our work is the family of BPM systems. A BPM system is a generic software system that is driven by explicit process designs to enact and manage operational business processes. Despite the wide range of topics addressed by the academy on business processes, there are still aspects not addressed by prior research. A particular problem in this regard is the mediation between BPM systems and humans. Human interaction in those systems follows a standard user interface based predominantly on work item lists and forms. Thus, there is little room for creativity for users. They have not only difficulties in enacting their processes but also for searching the most suitable one for their needs. It would be more efficient to let humans interact in natural language. However, process modeling languages are an insufficient means of capturing and representing the domain of discourse. The present thesis develops an original approach to agent dialog management for the problem of business process enactment. The overarching motivation for this work was to design a dialog model scalable to different domains. The model relies on domain and business process ontologies, and necessitates a minimum effort of adaptation on ontologies to improve the interaction. Results indicate the potential of our agent-based approach to generate natural language.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-04-07T13:12:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Fatores Críticos de Sucesso na Aderência de Processos de Negócio de ERP às Organizações do Setor Público - Julliane Mágero.pdf: 2612858 bytes, checksum: ac5ae5d0b64ccb5859bf1434a201a7f7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-07T13:12:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Fatores Críticos de Sucesso na Aderência de Processos de Negócio de ERP às Organizações do Setor Público - Julliane Mágero.pdf: 2612858 bytes, checksum: ac5ae5d0b64ccb5859bf1434a201a7f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-20 / A implantação de sistemas integrados de gestão (ERP) juntamente com a Gestão de Processos de Negócio (BPM) têm se tornado uma expressiva abordagem para aumentar a eficiência e eficácia dos serviços prestados pelas organizações, especialmente as instituições públicas. Contudo, a implantação de sistemas ERP é um processo complexo e de alto risco para as empresas, as quais tem o BPM como ferramenta essencial de apoio para identificar a aderência dos requisitos de negócios específicos da instituição em relação aos requisitos funcionais do ERP. Sendo assim, o objetivo dessa pesquisa é analisar os desafios envolvidos na aderência dos processos de negócio de um ERP administrativo no setor público, com a proposta de identificar os fatores que são críticos para o seu sucesso, sob a ótica dos patrocinadores, líderes, analistas de negócio e usuários. Para compreender este problema a partir de uma perspectiva prática, foi realizado um estudo de caso exploratório em uma instituição pública de ensino superior que está implantando um sistema ERP. Foram realizadas entrevistas, observações e análise documental para coletar os dados, que foram analisados posteriormente. O estudo de caso exploratório propiciou a identificação dos fatores críticos de sucesso que influenciam, como facilitadores ou barreiras, na implantação dos sistemas integrados de gestão. Assim, a realização desse estudo e os resultados encontrados colaboraram para o aumento do conhecimento sobre quais os fatores influenciam na fase de aderência durante a implantação de um ERP, possibilitando a mitigação dos possíveis impactos negativos. / The implementation of integrated management systems (ERP) together with the Business Process Management (BPM) has become an expressive approach to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of services provided by organizations, especially public institutions. However, the implementation of ERP systems is a complex and risky process for companies, which have the BPM as an essential support tool to identify adherence to the specific business requirements of the institution in relation to functional ERP requirements. Thus, the objective of this research is to analyze the challenges involved in adherence of the business processes of an administrative ERP in the public sector, with the purpose of identifying the factors that are critical to its success, from the perspective of sponsors, leaders, business analysts and users. To understand this issue from a practical perspective, an exploratory case study was conducted in a public institution of higher education that is implementing an ERP system. Interviews were conducted, as well as observations and documental analysis for data collection, which were analyzed later. The exploratory case study led to the identification of critical success factors that influence as facilitators or barriers in the implementation of integrated management systems. Thus, the realization of this study and the results obtained contributed to increase the knowledge about which factors influence the adherence phase when deploying an ERP, enabling the mitigation of possible negative impacts.

There is a growing need to study factors that affect user comprehension of Business Process Management (BPM) information portrayed by graphical process models (GPMs). For example, deployment of BPM Systems, unique types of enterprise-level information systems, has dramatically increased in recent years. This increase is primarily because BPM Systems give a variety of managers across an enterprise the ability to directly design, configure, enact, monitor, diagnose, and control business processes that other types of enterprise systems do not. This is possible because BPM Systems uniquely rely on GPMs derived from formal graph theory. Besides controlling the business processes, these GPMs, such as metagraphs and Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams, portray business process information (BPI) and prompt BPM managers to apply their training and expertise to deal with BPM situations. As a result, GPMs are the primary information artifacts for decision-making and communication among different, often geographically dispersed stakeholders. Therefore, user comprehension of these unique GPMs is critical to the efficient and effective development, deployment, and utilization of BPM Systems. User comprehension outcomes are jointly affected by the (1) BPM cognitive resources available to each manager (including the type of GPM, BPI, and user educational training and experience), and (2) cognitive differences between individual BPM managers (such as their mental workload, cognitive styles and cognitive abilities). Although research has studied GPMs in various contexts, there is apparently no empirical research investigating GPM user comprehension in the context of BPM Systems. This research makes an important contribution by addressing this gap in the literature. Statement of the Objective: The purpose of this research is to empirically study how BPM cognitive resources and cognitive differences between individuals affect outcomes of GPM user comprehension. This research centered on the following objectives: A. Investigate whether more positive user comprehension outcomes are produced by novice users if a single GPM technique is used to portray different types of BPI (e.g., as with metagraphs) or if different GPM techniques are used to portray different types of BPI (e.g., as with UML diagrams). B. Investigate whether one type of BPI is more easily comprehended and interpreted by novice users irrespective of the type of GPM or the type of educational training of the user. C. Investigate whether users with a specific type of user educational training can more easily comprehend and interpret BPM information irrespective of the type of GPM or the type of BPI. D. Evaluate influences of individual cognitive differences (i.e., mental workload, cognitive styles, and cognitive abilities) on outcomes of user comprehension. In order to accomplish these objectives, this study: (a) defined a theoretical framework conceptualizing user comprehension outcomes in terms of the interaction between cognitive resources external to the user and individual differences affecting how users cognitively process BPI, (b) empirically tested an operational research model of GPM user comprehension that is based on the theoretical framework, and (c) interpreted the experimental results in the context of related literatures. Description of Research Methods: This study empirically tested relationships between several variables representing BPM cognitive resources and individual cognitive differences hypothesized as influencing the outcomes of user comprehension. A laboratory experiment, involving 87 upper-level undergraduate students from two universities, analyzed relationships between participant comprehension of two types of GPMs (i.e., metagraphs and UML diagrams) used to portray three types of BPI (i.e., task-centric, resource-centric, and information-centric BPI) by novice GPM users possessing different educational training (i.e., industrial engineering, business management, and computer science training). Dependent variables included assessments of task accuracy, task timeliness, subjective mental workload, and self-efficacy. Covariate effects were also analyzed for two types of participant cognitive abilities (i.e., general cognitive ability (GCA) and attentional abilities) and two types of participant cognitive styles (extroversion-introversion and sensing-intuitive). Multivariate analysis techniques were used to analyze and interpret the data. Discussion of Results: The type of GPM and participants' GCA produced significant effects on the dependent variables in this study. For example, metagraph users produced significantly more desirable results than UML users across all dependent variables, contrary to what was hypothesized. However, if only the BPM cognitive resources (i.e., GPM Type, BPM Type, and the Type of Participant Education) were studied in relation to user comprehension outcomes, spurious conclusions would have been reached. When individual cognitive differences were included in the research model and analyses, results showed participants with higher GCA produced significantly more positive user comprehension outcomes compared to participants with lower GCAs. Also, many of the impacts of differences in the types of BPI and the types of UET were moderated by the differences in participants' GCA and attentional abilities. In addition, the relationship between subjective mental workload and task performance (i.e., accuracy and timeliness) suggest a possible GPM cognitive "profile" for user comprehension tasks in a BPM Systems context. These results have important implications for future research and practice in several bodies of knowledge, including GPM user comprehension in management systems engineering, BPM modeling, BPM Systems, HCI, and cognitive ergonomics literature. / Ph. D.