The problem set forth in this study is to determine the causes of delay in school progress in the Bowie, Texas, elementary schools, and in which grade or grades the delay occurs.

No / This paper studies the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on total factor productivity (TFP) for a cross sectional sample of Chinese industrial sectors. The possible determinants of TFP are sought with special focus on FDI. An endogeneity test is performed in order to avoid inconsistent results. Evidence indicates that foreign presence, the level of R&D and the firm size are the most important factors enhancing TFP in Chinese industries. The findings from this study support the argument that attracting FDI is an effective way of introducing advanced technology to host countries.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka om det strukturella stöd som Work Flow (ett event baserat på Pomodorometoden) erbjuder upplevs vara till nytta i en projektmedarbetares vardag. En kvalitativ undersökning belyser varför sju projektmedarbetare söker denna struktur i sin arbetsdag och vilken nytta erfarenheterna upplevs ge. En tematisk analys resulterade i sex teman. Resultatet beskriver hur projektmedarbetares tillgänglighet försvårar fokus på de egna arbetsuppgifterna och beskriver behovet av sammanhang och förståelse i en fri arbetsroll. Därefter beskrivs projektmedarbetares upplevelse av Work Flow. Här framhäver respondenterna den inre bekräftelse, kontroll och känsla av progress som metoden ger. Detta möjliggör prioriteringar både av arbetsuppgifter och aktiva pauser. Slutligen beskrivs arbetsmetodens nytta i vardagen. Administrativa sysslor upplevs passa bättre och upplevelsen av progress i dessa är positiv. Dock finns svårigheter att implementera rutinen i sin vardag. Respondenterna ser stora fördelar med att införa Work Flow i egna projektorganisationens arbetssätt för att skapa arbetsro, samarbeten och bättre resultat. En diskussion kopplad till the Progress Principle belyser resultaten ur motivationssynpunkt. Slutsatsen är att Work Flow har potential att förbättra projektledares och projektgruppers vardag genom att skapa en tydligare känsla av framåtrörelse, en bättre tidsmedvetenhet även i planeringsfasen samt en bättre insikt i övriga teammedlemmars uppgifter. Metoden kan skapa en positiv förbättring både för individen och projektorganisationen genom ökad motivation, arbetsglädje, kreativitet och produktivitet. / The aim of this study is to explore whether the structure provided by Work Flow (an event based on the Pomodoro-method) is perceived as beneficial in the work of a project member. A qualitative study sheds light on why seven project members seek this structure in their work and which benefits they found. A thematic analysis resulted in six themes. The result describes how the project members’ availability is an obstruction to find focus on their own tasks. It also describes the need of personal connections and sense of management understanding in a free role. Thereafter the project members’ experience of Work Flow is described. The interviewees discuss topics concerning self-affirmation, control and sense of progress which makes prioritization possible both concerning tasks and active pauses. Finally, we look into the use of Work Flow in everyday life. The method is considered more suitable for administrative duties and the sense of progress when performing these tasks is very positive. However, the respondents describe some resistance when trying to change their routines at work. In spite of this they predict great advantages if introducing Work Flow in their own project organization as they envision peace to work, improved collaborations and better results. The Progress Principle was used to analyze the results from a motivational point of view. The conclusion is that Work Flow shows potential to improve the everyday life of project managers and project teams by creating a sense of progress, an improved awareness of time, including project planning, and a better understanding of the struggles of other team members. The method may create a positive improvement for both the individual and the project organization through increased motivation, joy of work, creativity and productivity.

Projekt som arbetsform är vanligt för de flesta idag. Det är projektledaren som är ledaren av projektet och har som ansvar att se till att projektmålet uppnås, arbetsuppgifterna fördelas, skapa engagemang och motivera projektdeltagarna. En projektledare har oftast goda kunskaper om hur man på bästa sätt vägleder en projektgrupp genom olika projektfaser för att uppnå goda projektresultat och vilka framgångsfaktorer projektledare ska fokusera på. En framgångsfaktor som ofta inte prioriteras är hur motiverade projektmedlemmarna är. Vad är det som gör att individer gör sitt bästa och hur får man dem till det? Motiverade individer presterar bättre. En ledares beteende kan påverka en individs motivation och därmed även individens prestation. Syftet med studien är att bidra med kunskap om vad projektledare fokuserar på idag när det kommer till att skapa motiverade projektmedlemmar. Det kan vara en väg framåt i utformningen av utbildningar som berör hur ledare arbetar med motivation. För att svara på studiens forskningsfråga har vi intervjuat sex projektledare utifrån en intervjuguide för att ta reda på vad de anser motivera sina projektmedlemmar. Svaren från projektledarna har analyserat och sju handlingar som anses motivera har tagits fram och sedan analyserats utifrån Amabiles progressprincip (Amabile & Kramer 2011b). Progressprincipen visar att viktigast är att individer upplever progress för att känna sig motiverad. Våra resultat tyder på att de projektledare som ingått i studien inte har förstått det. Utifrån vår analys kan vi se att respondenterna fokuserar minst på att underlätta progress för projektmedlemmarna. Det bekräftar resultaten från en undersökning (Amabile & Kramer 2011b) där ledare fått rangordna effekterna av fem faktorer som kan inverka på de anställdas motivation och känslor under arbetet. Projektledarna som intervjuats i den här studien fokuserar mest på den psykosociala arbetsmiljön i arbetsteamet när de ska motivera sina projektmedlemmar.   Nyckelord: Motivation, Projektledning, Progress Principle, Inner Work Life. / Projects as a work form is common for most people today. The project manager is the leader of the project and has the responsibility to ensure achieving the goals of the project, to allocate the tasks, create engagement and motivate participants in the project. A project manager usually has good knowledge about the best way to guide a project team through different project phases to achieve sufficient project results. A success factor that is often not a priority is how motivated project members are. What makes people doing their best and how do you get them to it? Motivated people perform better. A leader's behavior can affect an individual's motivation, and thus also the individual's performance. The purpose of the study is to contribute knowledge about what project managers focus on today when it comes to creating motivated project members. It can be a way forward in the design of education that concerns how manager’s work with motivation. In order to answer the study's research question, we have interviewed six project managers based on an interview guide to find out what they consider to motivate their project members. We have analyzed the responses from the project managers and we developed seven actions, which were considered to enhance motivation. These were analyzed using The Progress Principle (Amabile & Kramer 2011b). The Progress Principle shows that the most important thing is that individuals experience progress to be motivated. Our results indicate that the project managers included in the study have not understood it. Based on our analysis, we can see that facilitating project members’ experience of progress, is the area least in focus. This confirms the results of a survey (Amabile & Kramer 2011b) where leaders have ranked the effects of five factors that can affect employee motivation and emotions during the work. The project leaders interviewed in this study focus mostly on the psychosocial work environment, when motivating their project members. Keywords: Motivation, Project Management, Progress Principle, Inner Work Life

No description available.

The purpose of this study will be to make an accurate descriptive account of past journalistic endeavors in Emery County with special emphasis placed on the characteristics of the publications. The study will attempt to illustrate the characteristics and tone of each editor's or publisher's product. Available biographical material and characteristics of publishers and editors will be listed where possible. Factors which led to launching and/or discontinuation of publication, economic factors, and special problems will be discussed where material is available to accurately do so. The study will also examine the significance of the newspapers in the change and growth of Emery County.

Alla organisationer förändras, antingen omedvetet eller som en del av en utarbetad plan. Planerade förändringar inom organisationen kan drivas som projekt och blir då ett internt förändringsprojekt som syftar till att skapa bättre förutsättningar för organisationens verksamhet. Ett internt förändringsprojekt kan drivas av en projektgrupp under ledning av en projektledare. För att resultatet av projektet ska bli lyckat är det viktigt att projektmedlemmarna känner sig motiverade och presterar för att nå målet. Att skapa motivation och arbetsprestation i projektet faller på projektledaren. Syftet med föreliggande studie är att bidra med kunskap om hur projektledare i interna förändringsprojekt kan arbeta för att motivera deltagare i projektgruppen. Studien har en kvalitativ forskningsmetod. För att besvara forskningsfrågan har en fallstudie genomförts genom att intervjua Lean-coacher som arbetar med att hjälpa företag inom lantbruksnäringen att införa Lean i sin verksamhet. Data har samlats in från respondenterna med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Materialet har analyserats med hjälp av en teoretisk bas utifrån Teresa Amabiles Progressprincip. Utifrån respondenternas berättelser om handlingar och arbetsätt och hur dessa kan påverka faktorer från Progressprincipen presenteras empiri och analys enligt sju teman. Analysen visar att coachernas arbetsätt och handlingar påverkar flera delar ur Progressprincipen och därför har möjlighet att påverka individers motivation och prestation positivt. Coachernas arbetsätt fokuserar tydligast på att möjliggöra Progress och att Tillåta självständighet/självstyre samt på att skapa Klara målsätningar. / All organization goes through change, either unintentional or as part of scheduled plan. Planned changes within the organization can be managed as projects and is then categorized as an internal change project aimed at creating better conditions for the organization's operations. An internal change project can be completed by a project team led by a project manager. If the outcome of the project is to be successful it is important that team members are motivated and high performing. To create motivation and work performance in the project is the responsibility of the project manager. The aim of this study is to contribute knowledge about how project managers who is responsible for internal change projects can work to motivate the project group. This study has been made using qualitative research. To answer the research question a case study has been conducted by interviewing Lean coaches who are working to help companies in the agricultural sector to implement Lean in their operations. Empirical data was collected from respondents using semi-structured interviews. The empirical data were analyzed using a theoretic framework based on Teresa Amabile and her work on The Progress Principle. Based on respondents' stories of their work and actions, and how these can affect The Progress Principle, the empirical data and analysis are presented as seven different themes. The analysis shows that the coaches' work and actions affect several parts of The Progress Principle and therefore have the ability to have a positive influence on individuals' motivation and performance. The coaches' work has a clear focus on enabling Progress and Allowing autonomy and Setting clear goals.

A partir da análise de 18 matérias veiculadas nos jornais impressos capixabas, a saber, AGazeta e A Tribuna a pesquisa buscou entender como tais jornais operam a construção do imaginário social do progresso no Espírito Santo. A partir do aporte teórico-metodológico da Análise do Discurso, a pesquisa busca encontrar nos textos os indícios que levam a uma formação discursiva, e, por conseguinte, a uma formação ideológica em que o progresso emerge como categoria fundante. Tais indícios, que tecem a trama do imaginário do progresso é o discurso, entendido como materialidade lingüística, lugar em que se articulam sujeito, língua e história. A premissa inicial é a de que o progresso, ainda que não apareça nos jornais como um enunciado concreto, constitui-se enquanto idéia e funda-se como vontade, ganhando assim aderência social. Logo, se por um lado, o progresso aparece como discurso forjado por determinados grupos, por outro, encontra aderência nessa vontade, constituindo-se enquanto imaginário coletivamente apropriado. O imaginário social seria, por seu turno, essa espécie de imagem que a sociedade cria de si. Uma forma de um grupo, uma comunidade, uma sociedade se enxergar; a base na qual cada sociedade elabora a imagem de si mesma e do universo em que vive. Enquanto uma imagem atua, portanto, como uma espécie de representação da realidade. É o espelho no qual se estrutura essa sociedade. Mas esse espelho, no entanto, não funciona com uma imagem refletida e sim com uma representação dessa realidade. A pesquisa conta com uma articulação teórica com o campo da história e também das ciências sociais, em especial, a sociologia das práticas sociais, sendo o conceito de habitus jornalístico um dos aportes teóricos da pesquisa. Articular a discussão acerca do habitus jornalístico, discutir como o jornalismo cria, a partir de sua prática e seu modo de operação, um lugar para si mesmo lugar de quem fala , é também um dos objetivos desta pesquisa. Para isso queremos entender como o jornalismo, ao mesmo tempo em que opera discursos outros, opera o discurso sobre si mesmo, construindo-se como lugar de legitimidade. Para as análises, fora realizada a constituição de um corpus selecionado de forma aleatória das edições do jornal, chegando a um total de 96 edições (48 de cada jornal) distribuídas entre os anos de 2003 e 2006. O período foi escolhido por ser tratar de momento ímpar em relação ao discurso do progresso no estado do Espírito Santo, em parte, pelas mudanças que ocorriam no cenário local, em parte, pelas mudanças que ocorriam no cenário nacional. As matérias ou colunas fazem parte dos cadernos de Economia de ambos os jornais. / From the analysis of 18 articles published in capixaba´s printed newspapers, wich are A Gazeta and A Tribuna, the research intended to understand how these newspapers operate the building of social imaginary of progress in Espírito Santo. With the theoretical and methodological stand of Discourse Analysis, it was possible to find in these texts the evidences that lead to a discursive formation and, consequently, to a ideological formation where progress emerges as a regnant category. These evidences, that weave the plot of progress, are contained in discourse as a linguistic materiality, place where subject, language and history are articulated. The results point that progress, even when does not appear in newspapers as a correct enunciation, constitutes itself as idea and is founded as will, thus gaining social adherence. On this way, if progress appears as a discourse forged by certain groups, on the other hand it finds adherence to this will, constituting an imaginary collectively taken. The social imaginary would be, on its turn, this kind of image that society creates of itself. A formation of a group, a community, a society way of seeing itself; the base on wich each society elaborates an image of itself and the universe where she lives. As an image it acts, therefore, as a kind of reality´s representation. It is the mirror where this society is structured. But this mirror, however, does not work reflecting an image, considering that is also refracts it. The research has a theoretical articulation with history´s extent and also with social sciences, especially sociology of social practices, since the concept of habitus as one of the contributions to this research. Articulating the argument about the journalistic, discussing how journalism creates, from its practice and its operation way, a place for itself - a place that talks was also one of this work´s objectives. To achieve that, the research intended to understand how journalism, at the same time that operates discourses about others, also operates a discourse about itself, constructing its place as a place of legitimacy. To the analysis, was made a constitution of a montage about a sampling selected in a random way over the newspaper editions, in a total of 96 editions (48 of each newspaper) distributed between the years of 2003 and 2006, in wich 18 constitutes the amount of the research. This period was chosen because it shows a special moment related to the discourse of progress in Espírito Santo´s state, somehow, by the changes that occurried in local scene, and also because of the changes in national stage. The articles or columns are part of Economical´s sections in both newspapers.

Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-28T21:26:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 31d.pdf: 633588 bytes, checksum: dff91cc45f52a20c19daf90382a0e673 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-28T21:26:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 31d.pdf: 633588 bytes, checksum: dff91cc45f52a20c19daf90382a0e673 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-13 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Em diversos países do mundo tem ocorrido uma busca por novos modelos de avaliação do progresso econômico e social. Apesar de o crescimento econômico ser importante, novas prioridades são necessárias para as sociedades atingirem níveis mais elevados de bem-estar. Este estudo insere-se neste contexto e objetiva propor uma medida de progresso multidimensional para ser utilizada na América do Sul, Costa Rica e México. Para isto, foram analisados 50 estudos de diferentes centros de pesquisa, que tinham objetivos similares em diferentes regiões, dos quais foram selecionados 14. Estes serviram de referência para a construção de um quadro referencial (framework), o qual forneceu uma abordagem conceitual e uma estrutura lógica com os domínios e dimensões necessários para avaliação o progresso. A partir deste framework foram elencados 50 indicadores, fornecidos por 12 bases de dados diferentes, os quais foram utilizados para uma avaliação abrangente do progresso e bem-estar ao longo do tempo, considerando por período de análise a primeira década do século XXI, e levando em conta fatores econômicos, sociais, ambientais, subjetivos, dentre outros. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se no método de escore-z, para tratamento dos dados, e no método estrutural-diferencial, para análise e ranking dos países. Os resultados encontrados apontaram que as dimensões Economia e Emprego são aquelas que mais contribuíram para o progresso dos países, enquanto Meio Ambiente é dimensão que causo maior regresso. Outrossim, foi estabelecido um ranking do progresso, o qual é encabeçado pelo Uruguai, seguido pelo Chile, Costa Rica, Argentina, Brasil, México, Venezuela, Colômbia, Paraguai, Peru, Equador e, em último lugar, a Bolívia. Em relação aos países que mais progrediram no período, verificou-se o Brasil em primeiro lugar e o México em último. / Worldwide, there is a search for new models to assess the societal progress. Economic growth has its value, but new priorities are needed if societies are to achieve higher levels of wellbeing. This paper aims to propose a multidimensional measure of progress to be used in South America, Costa Rica and Mexico. For this, it was analyzed 50 studies from different research centers that have similar objectives as this study and 14 were selected to be used as reference to construct a framework, that provides a conceptual approach and a logical structure with the domains and dimensions needed to evaluate progress. Through this framework, 50 indicators from 12 different databases were listed, which were used for a broad review of the progress and well-being, considering the period of analysis as the first decade of the XXI century, and that take into account economic, social, environmental, subjective, and other factors. The research methodology used was based on the z-scores method, to normalization of the data, and shift-share method, to analyze and rank the countries. The results indicate that Economy and Employment dimensions are those that contributed more to the countries' progress, while the Environment dimension caused the higher regress. Moreover, it was established a ranking of the progress, headed by Uruguay and followed by Chile, Costa Rica, Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Venezuela, Colombia, Paraguay, Peru, Ecuador and, in the last position, Bolivia. Finally, Brazil was the country that has most progressed over the period, and Mexico has less progressed.

The purpose of this study is to find the virtue ethics John Bunyan presents in Pilgrim´s Progress part 1, compared with the virtues Max Weber presents, and then try Weber´s theory on the empirical data, Pilgrim´s Progress. When I compare the virtues in Weber´s theory with the virtues in Pilgrim´s Progress, I interpret Weber´s theory as limited. From Weber´s theory emerges the puritan virtues: fulfillment of duty, struggle, self-control and live simply. He also mentions gratitude to God and helpfulness to other people, but this is shown through work in the society. These virtues can also be found in Pilgrim´s Progress. The fulfillment of duty in Weber´s theory is mainly focused on work-ethic, while I interpret the fulfillment of duty in Pilgrim´s Progress more focused on the struggle with the Belief in God. The virtues self-control and to live simply is clearly seen in both sources, which strengthens this part of Weber´s theory. The most interesting thing is that I found several virtues in Pilgrim´s Progress, which Weber did not attributed any significant. These are: forgiveness, help, spiritual communion, and gratitude to God.