No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Tears are formed by a group of glands and ocular epithelia collectively named the lacnmal gland system. The lacrimal glands are paired orbital structures which in the rat consist of an intraorbital and exorbital component. The exorbital gland is responsible for secreting the aqueous components of the tear film, consisting of water, electrolytes and proteins which are responsible for keeping the cornea buffered, lubricated, nourished and protected. Ageing has been associated with lacrimal gland dysfunction, resulting in reduced aqueous tear production, which is associated with dry eye conditions. However, very little is known about ageing effects on the lacrimal gland and in particular the lacrimal gland acinar cells. This study employed light and electron microscopy, immunohistochemical, radiobiological and physiological techniques to investigate ageing changes in the morphology and function of the lacrimal gland and acinar cells. In all experiments animals of 3-5 months were considered normal, control. The light microscopical studies revealed that with ageing to 28 months the gland underwent progressive morphological changes, including; thickening and deposition of the interlobular connective tissue, inflammatory cell infiltration, inflammation, necrosis, enlargement of ducts, patchy destruction of acinar, vascular and ductal tissues and luminal swelling of the acini. These changes were most apparent at 20, 24 and 28 months, only changes to the interlobular connective tissue was observed at 12 months and very little was observed at 9 months. However, in all age groups there was a change in the type and distribution of the acinar cell. Three distinct types of acinar cells were observed in the lacrimal glands; serous, seromucous and mucous (Draper et aL, 1998; 1999).

No description available.

No description available.

<p>The associations between religiosity, popularity, problem behavior, and adolescent romantic involvement were examined with both concurrent regressions and longitudinal cross-lagged models in this three-year longitudinal study of 869 high-school Indonesian Muslim adolescents. A problem behavior construct was formed from three variables (i.e., self-reported tobacco use, self-reported alcohol use, and self-reported deviancy). Religiosity, problem behavior, and adolescent romance were self-reported, and popularity was peer-reported. Indonesian adolescents reported high percentages of romantic involvement across three grades, and their romantic involvement increased with age. In the concurrent analyses, both problem behavior and popularity were positively associated with romance at tenth grade, but the main effect of popularity was significant for girls only. Religiosity was negatively associated with romance for girls at tenth grade. In the cross-lagged models, tenth-grade popularity was positively associated with changes in adolescent romance from tenth to eleventh grade. Bidirectional associations emerged between problem behavior and adolescent romance across three grades. No gender difference emerged in the longitudinal analyses. These patterns of association showed both similarities and differences to those found in the US. This study provides evidence that adolescent romance is intertwined with other aspects of adolescent development in Indonesia, and highlights the importance of exploring the influences of culture on adolescent romance in future studies.</p>

No description available.

No description available.