The present study applies Driver and Gottman’s (2004a) Turning System to observations of the therapeutic relationship in a quasi-experimental between and within groups design. A sample of 63 full counseling sessions (21 first sessions with clients who return for four sessions, 21 first sessions for clients who terminate therapy prior to four sessions, and 21 fourth sessions) were collected from a university counseling center in South Florida. Clients and clinicians also completed self report evaluations of the therapeutic relationship that were also included in this study (Working Alliance Inventory – Short Form, and the Real Relationship Inventory). A series of multivariate analysis of the variance (MANOVA) tests were performed to assess for significant differences in Turning System behavior between return and dropout groups in the first sessions of therapy, as well as for significant differences between return groups’ first and fourth sessions. Correlation analyses were run for client and therapist self report data and Turning System codes. Overall, the Turning System codes did not predict attrition from therapy; however, significant effects were found for specific behaviors in the return versus dropout comparisons, including client’s uses of negative bids, high level questions, and preoccupied away responses. The Turning System also did not predict clear differences between behaviors in ongoing therapy, though significant effects were again found for individual behaviors enacted by both clients and therapists. Significant negative correlations were also found for return group clients between specific behaviors and ratings of the therapeutic alliance, such as high level questions and preoccupied away responses. Individual behaviors in the therapist return group, such as high level questions, negative bids, and interruptions, correlated negatively with ratings of the therapeutic alliance. The results of this study are presented in an effort to synthesize the data into a narrative for developing effective therapeutic relationships and guidance for future research. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2016. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [353]-358) and endnotes (p. [357]-383).

Thesis (M.S.W.)--Smith College School for Social Work, Northampton, Mass., 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 78-84).

Thesis (M.S.W.)--Smith College School for Social Work, Northampton, Mass., 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-47).

The effects of cultural mistrust level and race of counselor on the willingness of Mexican-American adolescents to seek psychological help were examined in this experiment. A total of 79 Mexican-American adolescents consisting of 50 females and 29 males completed a Background Information Inventory, a modified version of the Cultural Mistrust Inventory, and the Help Seeking Attitude Scale. Five regression analyses were performed resulting in a significant interaction between cultural mistrust level and willingness to seek help. Mexican-American adolescents with high levels of mistrust were less willing to seek psychological treatment than those with a low level of mistrust. Results also indicated that females as well as individuals with higher levels of education were more willing to seek help than males and those with lower levels of education. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Inledning: Psykoterapeuter har genom lång utbildning och kliniskt arbete övat upp en analytisk förmåga. Den förmågan består av dels förmågan till uppmärksamhet och iakttagelse, dels förmågan av analys av det som uppmärksammats. Detta är själva navet i det kliniska arbetet att kunna fånga upp både medvetna och omedvetna processer hos patienten för att terapi ska kunna bedrivas. Förmågan till iakttagelse och analys innefattar även den egna personen. Det innebär att terapeuten i arbetet inte bara är medveten om den andres inre processer utan även de egna inre procceserna. Frågeställningar: Denna studie syftar till att uppmärksamma hur terapeuten upplever den analytiska förmågan i sitt personliga liv för att undersöka om utbildning och arbete faktiskt har en djupare inverkan på privatlivet. Hur upplever terapeuterna att det är att leva med den kunskap och den medvetenhet som den psykoterapeutiska utbildningen och det fortsatt kliniska arbetet bidragit till? Vilka möjligheter och svårigheter bidrar det till? Kommer den analytiska förmågan att få konsekvenser även i terapeutens personliga liv och relationer? Hur hanteras dessa konsekvenser? Metod: Studien bygger på en kvalitativ metod med fenomenologisk och deskriptiv ansats. Fem legitimerade psykoterapeuter har intervjuats med kvalitativa intervjuer om de upplever att deras analytiska förmåga påverkar deras personliga liv. Intervjuerna transkriberades och analyserades med den kvalitativ metoden innehållsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet visar att den analytiska förmågan upplevdes i hög grad påverka terapeutens personliga liv. Detta resultat presenteras i form av fem kategorier och 14 underkategorier. De fyra kategorierna omfattar 1. hur fungerar den analytiska förmågan, 2. hur upplevs den, 3. hur används den, 4. hur kopplar psykoterapeuterna av från den och 5. hur påverkas identiteten. Ett övergripande tema som framträddeoch som fanns som en röd tråd genom alla intervjuer var att den analytiska förmågan upplevdes både som en gåva och en förbannelse. Diskussion: Det som framkommer i denna studie av hur psykoterapeuter upplever den analytiska förmågan i sina personliga liv överensstämmer med den tidigare forskning som gått att få fram. Terapeuterna upplever att deras yrkesfärdighet i allra högsta grad påverkar deras personliga liv, men upplever det framför allt som något positivt. Nackdelar framgår men fördelarna överväger.

Much research has studied cohesiveness within client groups in terms of making therapeutic gains. These studies have defined cohesiveness in terms of a) attraction of the group as perceived by a group member, b) how clearly each member sees his/her role within the group, and c) the effectiveness of one's skills in attaining group goals. Little research has dealt with the role of staff cohesiveness in developing an effective treatment program. Effectiveness, in this study, is defined as the degree to which clients are willing to disclose personal information to the staff. The results show a positive correlation between staff's perceived effectiveness with clients and the clients' willingness to self-disclose. On-hand experience with clients seems important in involving clients in therapy.

Inledning: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka likheter och olikheter mellan psykodynamisk psykoterapi och andlig vägledning utifrån upplevelsen hos de som har erfarenhet av att möta människor i både psykoterapi och andlig vägledning. Förhoppningen är att studien kan bidra till ökad förståelse för såväl likheter som olikheter de olika samtalsmetoderna, med psykologiskt perspektiv och med andligt perspektiv, emellan.Frågeställningar: Hur upplevs likheter och olikheter mellan psykoterapi och andlig vägledning, hur upplevs mötet med den hjälpsökande i psykoterapi och andlig vägledning, av dem som är utbildade till och erbjuder både psykodynamisk psykoterapi och andlig vägledning?Hur upplevs eventuella fördelar och svårigheter med de dubbla yrkesrollerna, som psykoterapeut och andlig vägledare?Metod: Fem kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes. Intervjuerna analyserades med hjälp av tematisk analys med induktiv ansats i kodning, tematisering och analys av insamlat data.Resultat: Deltagarna beskrev att båda metoderna är samtalskurer, att kvalitén i mötet är viktig och att den hjälpsökande kommer till insikter om sig själv. Deltagarnas svar visade att gränsdragningen mellan psykoterapi och andlig vägledning ibland är enkel, ibland inte. Möjligheten att helt skilja andlig vägledning och psykoterapi åt beskrevs av deltagare ligga i synen på andlighet och gudstro. En önskan om dialog mellan professionella med såväl psykologiskt som andligt perspektiv, framkom.Diskussion: Deltagarna gav inte entydiga svar angående likhet och olikhet mellan psykoterapi och andlig vägledning. Deltagarnas syn på människan som bärare av både psykologiska och andliga erfarenheter kan medföra att de med dubbel kompetens befinner sig i ett gränsland mellan sekulär psykoterapi och konfessionell andlig vägledning. Medmänsklighet och empati framträder tydligt som de viktigaste komponenterna i samtalet med den hjälpsökande. / Introduction: The purpose of this study is to investigate the similarities and differences between psychodynamic psychotherapy and spiritual direction based on the experience of those who meet people both in psychotherapy and in spiritual direction, and to increase the understanding of both similarities and differences between the methods.Questions: How are similarities and differences between psychotherapy and spiritual direction experienced, how is the encounter with those seeking psychotherapy and spiritual direction experienced by those educated for and offering psychodynamic psychotherapy and spiritual direction?How are possible benefits and difficulties experienced with the dual roles, as psychotherapist and spiritual director?Method: Five qualitative interviews were conducted. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis with inductive approach in coding, thematization and analysis of collected data.Results: Study participants described that both methods are talking cures, that the quality of the interpersonal meeting is important and that the applicant seeks to gain insight about himself. Study participants described that the distinction between psychotherapy and spiritual direction was not always easy. The ability to differentiate spiritual direction and psychotherapy was described by participants lay in the view of spirituality. Study participants talked about the importance of dialogue between professionals with psychological and spiritual perspective.Discussion: Study participants did not provide unambiguous answers regarding similarity and dissimilarity between psychotherapy and spiritual direction. As the study participants hold the view of human beings as carrying both psychological and spiritual needs they risk ending up in a no man’s land between secular psychotherapy and confessional spiritual direction. Interpersonal warmth and empathy was described as the most important components of the meeting with the help seeking applicant.

This dissertation explores the experiences of a psychotherapist in training. Psychotherapeutic training can be described as taxing, because personal change often results from the process, and change can be difficult. This study is an action research enquiry that focused on a living theory methodology. A living theory enquiry strives to find answers to the question of how to improve the practice (in this dissertation, the practice of sychotherapy). In order to find answers to this question, the researcher embarks on a journey of reflective awareness, which highlights whether he or she is able to practise in accordance with his or her personal values. An explicit awareness of both personal and professional values is essential in a living theory enquiry. A living contradiction occurs when a person is unable to consolidate his or her personal and professional values. A living contradiction has a negative impact on a practitioner’s well-being, which may in turn influence how that person practises psychotherapy. This dissertation explores such a living contradiction which the researcher experienced during her training as a psychotherapist. A subtext of the dissertation can be described as the Narrative of a psychotherapist (in training) dealing with personal trauma. Copyright / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Psychology / unrestricted

This study explores the possible use of digital media as an effective psychotherapeutic aid in art psychotherapy, specifically in addressing the effects of trauma experienced by adolescents. A literature review provides evidence on what exactly can be understood under the concepts 'art psychotherapy' and 'digital media'. The literature study further investigates trauma, its treatment and how art psychotherapy can be used as a psychotherapeutic tool with adolescents who have been exposed to trauma. An empirical study including six participants, chosen through a specific sampling process, and whose background information regulates the appropriate methods of intervention demonstrates the practicality of digital media in art psychotherapy. Data gathered from pre-assessment activities, art psychotherapy sessions and post-assessment activities are analysed, interpreted, and reduced through a systematic process. The empirical findings are then presented in a detailed, concise manner From the empirical investigation, it is determined that digital media can be used as a successful tool in art psychotherapy, specifically with adolescents who have experienced trauma. The researcher gained experience in the implementation of digital media in art psychotherapy and was able to provide valuable information about this practice, specifically for professionals interested in the field of art psychotherapy. The researcher was also able to identify limitations and further areas for research in this field. / Psychology of Education / M. A. (Guidance and Counselling)--University of South Africa --2013