O estudo consiste na análise das mudanças da relação espacial do edifício multifuncional, caracterizado pelo Plano Massa, com o ambiente urbano marcado pelo Eixo Estrutural Sul em Curitiba, entre 1966 e 2008.O Plano Massa consisteemuma configuração arquitetônica e urbanística que atende a orientações legais específicas de ocupação nos Eixos Estruturais. Estes são resultantes de uma das propostas do Plano Preliminar de Urbanismo, de 1965, e caracterizam-se como setores em faixa submetidos a diretrizes de ocupação e uso do solo, fundamentadas no crescimento e adensamento, e condutores da expansão da cidade em vias tangenciais ao centro desta. A relação espacial edifício/entorno imediato incide na transição entre espaço público, presente nas galerias cobertas, e semipúblico, no interior dos edifícios, cujo processo de transformação urbana se sustenta no processo de migração deformada. A migração constitui a transição, em diferentes graus de dimensão física, social e funcional, dos espaços públicos para o interior dos edifícios. Atribui-se a deformação à mudança do caráter de uso e apropriação e, conseqüentemente, do significado: de espaço público para semipúblico. Assim, a hipótese principal é que, com a tensão entre as forças das regras do planejamento urbano, as exigências do mercado imobiliário e as mudanças sociais, econômicas e culturais, houve uma tendência de redução na utilização dos espaços públicos por pedestres, aliada à migração deformada desses espaços para o interior dos edifícios multifuncionais no trecho e período descritos. O objetivo do trabalho consiste em avançar na reflexão histórica e teórica sobre esses edifícios e sua inter-relação com o espaço urbano, a fim de fornecer subsídios para o ensino da arquitetura e urbanismo e desenvolver projetos nessa área em contextos similares. A partir da análise conjuntural de cenários, identificam-se três momentos em que ocorreram tais transformações urbanas. O primeiro (1966-1971) se refere aos Eixos Estruturais como concepção, com o anseio de planejar conforme o pensamento modernista, cujo Plano Diretor atendia à legislação específica. O segundo (1971-1983) compreende o Plano Massa perante o planejamento, com redefinição do pensamento moderno quanto à implantação e ocupação dos edifícios. O terceiro (1983-2008) inclui a adaptação dessas regras aos interesses políticos e imobiliários e às transformações ocorridas na produção do espaço urbano, cujo resultado tendeu à migração mencionada. Para atingir o objetivo proposto e comprovar a hipótese levantada, os procedimentos metodológicos consistem no levantamento de obras construídas, seguido pela identificação das tipologias conforme seu ano de implantação, e pela análise da migração deformada dos espaços quanto à permanência e aparecimento ou desaparecimento das tipologias identificadas, usando como parâmetro a permeabilidade espacial. Os períodos históricos buscam explicar as mudanças entre a teoria moderna e a prática pós-moderna. Assim, a análise pretende esclarecer alguns princípios da Pós-Modernidade que podem ser observados no trecho estudado determinados pelo advento do consumismo, aperfeiçoamento do lar para socialização, encapsulamento das trocas comerciais nos corredores protegidos das galerias e necessidade de segurança física, entre outros responsáveis pelo amadurecimento de uma cultura urbana, e forjados por vários atores sociais. / The study is the analysis of spatial changes of the multifunctional building, characterized by the Plano Massa with the urban environment marked by the Southern Strutural Axis in Curitiba, between 1966 and 2008. The Plano Massa consists in an architectural and urbanistic configuration built according the guidelines of specific legal occupation in the structural axis, which were first defined on the \"Preliminary Master Plan\" in 1965. Their definition characterized the city´s growth as linear, following specific land use, transportation and road system guidelines. The linear corridors conduct the city expansion, tangential to the city center. The building/neighborhood spatial relation affects the transition between public spaces as the covered galleries, and semi-public, as inside the buildings in which the process of urban transformation is found on the deformed migration process. Migration is the transition, with a variety of physical, social and functional degrees, from public spaces into the interior of the buildings. Deformation corresponds to the changes of use, caused by the ownership and consequently the change of the building´s meaning from a public space to a semi-public space. Therefore, the main hypothesis is, with the tension among the forces of urban planning rules, the requirements of the property market and social changes, economic and cultural, there was a trend in reducing the use of public spaces for pedestrians, added to the deformed migration to inside the multifunctional buildings, in the Southern Strutural Axis in Curitiba during the period of analisys. The objective is to advance the historical and theoretical reflection on these buildings and their inter-relationship with the urban space in order to provide support for teaching architecture and urban design and developing projects in this area in similar contexts. From the analysis of economic scenarios, there are identified three moments that these urban transformations have occurred. The first one (1966-1971) refers to the Structural Axis as a design concept, inspired on the modernist mind set when the Master Plan met the specific legislation. The second period (1971-1983) includes the Plano Massa to the planning, with redefinition of the modern thought by the establishment of the buildings occupation. The third period (1983-2008) includes the adaptation of these rules to the political and property market and the changes in the production of urban space as the result of the migration mentioned. To achieve the proposed objective and to prove the hypothesis, the methodological procedures are: the organization of the data from the buildings constructed, followed by the identification of the buildings´ typology by the year of their development, and the analysis of deformed migration spaces by the appearance or disappearance of the types identified, using the spacial permeability as a parameter. The historical periods seek to explain the changes between modern theory and postmodern practice. Thus, the analysis seeks to clarify certain principles of post-modernity that can be observed in the studied cases, determined by the advent of consumerism, the home improvement for socialization, the commerce encapsulation inside the corridors and protected galleries, as a physical security, and some other responsible features as the urban culture enrichment, developed by various social actors.

Liu, Kit Ying. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-138). / Abstracts in English and Chinese; some text in Chinese. / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background of Ningbo --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Trading and Development --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- "Characters as ""semi-treaty port""" --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Shifting Idea of Public of Ningbo --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2 --- Literature Review --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Study of physical public space in Chinese cities --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Ningbo --- p.13 / Chapter 1.5 --- Framework of the study --- p.21 / Chapter 2 --- The Idea of Gong --- p.23 / Chapter 2.1 --- The idea of gong and collective identity --- p.24 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Social structure of Chinese society --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2 --- The Case of Ling Bridge --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Patronage and management --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3 --- The idea of gong in Ningbo --- p.33 / Chapter 3 --- Perception of City --- p.37 / Chapter 3.1 --- Imperial City --- p.38 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Social structure --- p.38 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Environment integrity and landmarks --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2 --- City in 1910s-20s --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Communal Associations --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Municipal Concept- public health --- p.53 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Municipal Concept- Infrastructure construction --- p.54 / Chapter 3.3 --- The KMT city --- p.61 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Practical city --- p.64 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Ideology of good city form --- p.71 / Chapter 3.4 --- Summary --- p.81 / Chapter 4 --- Physical Space --- p.84 / Chapter 4.1 --- City Layout --- p.85 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Imperial city --- p.85 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- After 1910s --- p.93 / Chapter 4.2 --- Public buildings and constructions --- p.98 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Gongshu in Qing --- p.99 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Public constructions in KMT period --- p.101 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Communal temples and communal associations --- p.105 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Charities and communal services --- p.107 / Chapter 4.3 --- Regulated Street and Neighborhood --- p.109 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Ceremonies and festivals --- p.109 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Street as public facilities --- p.113 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Changing neighborhood --- p.126 / Chapter 4.4 --- Summary --- p.126 / Chapter 5 --- Conclusion --- p.128 / Bibliography --- p.131

Lo Kam Wing, Jim. / Subtitle on added t.p.: Designing a housing project with public programs. / "Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 2009-2010, design report." / "May 2010." / Includes bibliographical references.

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

Physical inactivity is a leading cause of death worldwide and contributes significantly to the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Physical inactivity has become a global pandemic with the highest prevalence in the region of the Americas. There is strong evidence on the effectiveness of community-based PA interventions, including behavioral and social interventions, campaigns and informational approaches, and policy and environmental modifications to increase physical activity at the population level. The purpose of this dissertation was to examine the impact of two types of community-based interventions to promote leisure-time physical activity using public spaces and their applicability and transferability from the Latin American to the US context. Specifically, three programs were examined: (1) Atlanta Streets Alive (ASA) (the Open Streets initiative inspired by the Bogota Ciclovia, hosted in the city of Atlanta, Georgia, US); (2) the Bogota Recreovia (free PA classes in community settings in the city of Bogota, Colombia); and, (3) Academia Fit (the PA-classes in community settings program adapted from the Brazilian ACP for Latino Communities in San Diego, California, US). This dissertation shows different assessment approaches including a descriptive study, a pre-post natural experiment with multiple control groups, and a translation and implementation study using an evidence-based approach such as the RE-AIM framework. Some of the overall findings include: community-based interventions implemented in public spaces such as Open Streets and PA-classes are promising for increasing moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) on leisure-time within the communities where they are implemented. Besides, these interventions are effective to reach vulnerable populations including low income, women and ethnic minorities such as Hispanics in the US. Finally, the implementation of an Open Streets initiative and a free PA-classes program was feasible (applicable) in Atlanta, GA, in the US and San Diego, CA, respectively.

published_or_final_version / Urban Planning / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning

published_or_final_version / abstract / Urban Design / Master / Master of Urban Design

Nowadays, the impact of technological growth‏ ‏on people’s life and our society is remarkable, ‎inevitable and also worrying. The excessive influence of technology in ‎individuals’ lives has caused our community to change towards more privatisation and ‎secluded life. At this point, the role of urban public spaces in social life has become more ‎prominent and significant. Issues of social life in public spaces and the relations with creating a ‎vibrant and dynamic city has not been given too much attention in urban planning and design. ‎This thesis raises the question of considering public spaces and how urban public spaces ‎‎(especially squares) can encourage/persuade citizens ‎to increase social interaction‎. Initially, it describes a clear definition of public spaces and urban squares. Thereafter, the study addresses ‎effectual factors from the human perspective which can help to achieve the successful design of an ‎urban public square. The aim of the work is to comprehend how it might be possible to improve ‎social life and behaviour in public spaces (squares) and consequently to attain a framework in ‎order to design. Ultimately, a design is proposed for Fisktorget (Fish Square), which is one of most important public places in the Karlskrona city in Sweden. The proposed design is based on studies and analyses that have been done throughout this thesis.

Möten i stadsrummet är ett examensarbete i informationsdesign med inriktning mot rumslig gestaltning. Syftet med arbetet är att undersöka hur det går att bidra till att en outnyttjad plats i stadsrummet kommer till användning, samt vilka kriterier som bör eftersträvas för att möjliggöra en trevlig vistelse på platsen. Mina studier utgår från Stockholms stadsbiblioteks terrasser som på grund av dess utformning och avsaknad av funktion ofta står tomma och outnyttjade. Arbetet syftar till att generera ett designförslag som understödjer ett ökat flöde av människor till terrasserna samt får besökarna att vilja stanna. Målet är att fler besökare ska få ett större utbyte av stadsbibliotekets terrasser och att platsen ska komma till större användning. Genom rumsanalys, observationer, notationer av rörelsemönster, intervju och samtal har det framkommit att terrasserna är outnyttjade på grund av dess avsaknad av funktioner samt dess utformning. Genom teoretiska studier inom bland annat rumslighet, formelement, offentliga platser i stadsrummet och kognitionspsykologi framkom att val av formelement och placering av rumsliga element kan bidra till att människor väljer att vistas på terrasserna. Det i sin tur kan skapa förutsättning för ett ändrat rörelsemönster och ett ökat flöde till platsen. Ett gestaltningsförslag har tagits fram utifrån teori och empiri. Det syftar till att genom rundade och svängda former, ett tydligare och mer enhetligt formspråk, samt genom tydligare funktioner väcka besökarnas uppmärksamhet och bidra till ett ökat flöde till terrasserna. / Meetings in urban spaces is a thesis in information design with emphasis on spatial design. The aim of this thesis is to is to examine how poorly utilised spaces in urban environments can become more useful, as well as which criteria are required to enable a pleasant stay in these locations. The object of the study is the terrace outside Stockholm Public Library which, due to its current appearance and lack of function, most of the time is unused and deserted. The study’s aim is to generate a design proposal that encourages an increase in the flow of people to the terraces and that makes people want to spend more of their time there. The goal is to get more visitors to appreciate the terraces and utilise the space better. From the results of collected empirical data through spatial analysis, observations, notations of movement, interviews and discussions it has become clear that the reason for the terraces being unused is a lack of functionality and the spaces appearance. The conclusion of the theoretical and practical studies about spatiality, shape, urban public spaces and cognitive psychology etc., show that the choice of shape and placement of spatial elements can contribute to people choosing to linger on the library terraces. In its turn, this knowledge can create the right conditions for a changed pattern of movement and a greater flow of people to the location. A design proposal was created, based on theories and empirical data presented in the study. The aim design proposal is to show how it may be possible to draw visitors’ attention to the terraces and create a more natural flow there. This may be achieved by adding round shapes and curved lines, more variety in shape and proportion and by creating more obvious functions that meet visitors’ needs of activity and aesthetics. While this study is focused on the terraces of Stockholm Public Library it is my hope that these conclusions may also be applicable to similar environments in other location.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.