Quivers (directed graphs) and species (a generalization of quivers) as well as their representations play a key role in many areas of mathematics including combinatorics, geometry, and algebra. Their importance is especially apparent in their applications to the representation theory of associative algebras, Lie algebras, and quantum groups. In this thesis, we discuss the most important results in the representation theory of species, such as Dlab and Ringel’s extension of Gabriel’s theorem, which classifies all species of finite and tame representation type. We also explain the link between species and K-species (where K is a field). Namely, we show that the category of K-species can be viewed as a subcategory of the category of species. Furthermore, we prove two results about the structure of the tensor ring of a species containing no oriented cycles that do not appear in the literature. Specifically, we prove that two such species have isomorphic tensor rings if and only if they are isomorphic as “crushed” species, and we show that if K is a perfect field, then the tensor algebra of a K-species tensored with the algebraic closure of K is isomorphic to, or Morita equivalent to, the path algebra of a quiver.

Quivers (directed graphs) and species (a generalization of quivers) as well as their representations play a key role in many areas of mathematics including combinatorics, geometry, and algebra. Their importance is especially apparent in their applications to the representation theory of associative algebras, Lie algebras, and quantum groups. In this thesis, we discuss the most important results in the representation theory of species, such as Dlab and Ringel’s extension of Gabriel’s theorem, which classifies all species of finite and tame representation type. We also explain the link between species and K-species (where K is a field). Namely, we show that the category of K-species can be viewed as a subcategory of the category of species. Furthermore, we prove two results about the structure of the tensor ring of a species containing no oriented cycles that do not appear in the literature. Specifically, we prove that two such species have isomorphic tensor rings if and only if they are isomorphic as “crushed” species, and we show that if K is a perfect field, then the tensor algebra of a K-species tensored with the algebraic closure of K is isomorphic to, or Morita equivalent to, the path algebra of a quiver.

Quivers (directed graphs) and species (a generalization of quivers) as well as their representations play a key role in many areas of mathematics including combinatorics, geometry, and algebra. Their importance is especially apparent in their applications to the representation theory of associative algebras, Lie algebras, and quantum groups. In this thesis, we discuss the most important results in the representation theory of species, such as Dlab and Ringel’s extension of Gabriel’s theorem, which classifies all species of finite and tame representation type. We also explain the link between species and K-species (where K is a field). Namely, we show that the category of K-species can be viewed as a subcategory of the category of species. Furthermore, we prove two results about the structure of the tensor ring of a species containing no oriented cycles that do not appear in the literature. Specifically, we prove that two such species have isomorphic tensor rings if and only if they are isomorphic as “crushed” species, and we show that if K is a perfect field, then the tensor algebra of a K-species tensored with the algebraic closure of K is isomorphic to, or Morita equivalent to, the path algebra of a quiver.

This thesis concerns representation theory of the symmetric groups and related algebras. In recent years, the study of the “quiver Hecke algebras”, constructed independently by Khovanov and Lauda and by Rouquier, has become extremely popular. In this thesis, our motivation for studying these graded algebras largely stems from a result of Brundan and Kleshchev – they proved that (over a field) the KLR algebras have cyclotomic quotients which are isomorphic to the Ariki–Koike algebras, which generalise the Hecke algebras of type A, and thus the group algebras of the symmetric groups. This has allowed the study of the graded representation theory of these algebras. In particular, the Specht modules for the Ariki–Koike algebras can be graded; in this thesis we investigate graded Specht modules in the KLR setting. First, we conduct a lengthy investigation of the (graded) homomorphism spaces between Specht modules. We generalise the rowand column removal results of Lyle and Mathas, producing graded analogues which apply to KLR algebras of arbitrary level. These results are obtained by studying a class of homomorphisms we call dominated. Our study provides us with a new result regarding the indecomposability of Specht modules for the Ariki–Koike algebras. Next, we use homomorphisms to produce some decomposability results pertaining to the Hecke algebra of type A in quantum characteristic two. In the remainder of the thesis, we use homogeneous homomorphisms to study some graded decomposition numbers for the Hecke algebra of type A. We investigate graded decomposition numbers for Specht modules corresponding to two-part partitions. Our investigation also leads to the discovery of some exact sequences of homomorphisms between Specht modules.

The aim of this thesis is to generalise Reid's recipe as first defined by Reid for $G-\Hilb(\mathbb{C}^3)$ ($G$ a finite abelian subgroup of $\SL(3, \mathbb{C})$) to the setting of consistent dimer models. We study the $\theta$-stable representations of a quiver $Q$ with relations $\mathcal{R}$ dual to a consistent dimer model $\Gamma$ in order to introduce a well-defined recipe that marks interior lattice points and interior line segments of a cross-section of the toric fan $\Sigma$ of the moduli space $\mathcal{M}_A(\theta)$ with vertices of $Q$, where $A=\mathbb{C}Q/\langle \mathcal{R}\rangle$. After analysing the behaviour of 'meandering walks' on a consistent dimer model $\Gamma$ and assuming two technical conjectures, we introduce an algorithm - the arrow contraction algorithm - that allows us to produce new consistent dimer models from old. This algorithm could be used in the future to show that in doing combinatorial Reid's recipe, every vertex of $Q$ appears 'once' and that combinatorial Reid's recipe encodes the relations of the tautological line bundles of $\mathcal{M}_A(\theta)$ in $\Pic(\mathcal{M}_A(\theta))$.

Cette thèse intitulée « Studies of fractional D-branes in the gauge/gravity correspondence & Flavored Chern-Simons quivers for M2-branes » se place dans le cadre de la théorie des cordes, en physique théorique. Elle consiste en une introduction suivie de deux parties. Dans l'introduction sont résumés les différents outils de théorie des cordes qui seront utilisés. La première partie étudie des théories de type quiver en 3+1 dimensions et leur dual gravitationnel, qui découlent de la considération de D-branes fractionnaires vivant sur des espaces possédant des singularités en codimension complexe un. La thèse principale de cette partie est que la solution de supergravité de Bertolini et al. 2001 and Polchinski 2001 pour des branes de type N=2 a une interprétation dans la théorie des champs de type quiver duale comme un groupe de renormalisation de type cascade qui résulte d'un choix particulier sur la branche de Coulomb de la théorie. Cette compréhension nouvelle permet d'étudier des solutions de supergravité plus générales. Elle donne aussi une plus grande compréhension des branes N=2 dans des contextes avec seulement une supersymmétrie N=1. La second partie de la thèse étudie les quivers de type Chern-Simons, récemment apparus dans la littérature, décrivant des théories en dimension 2+1, qui sont conjecturé dual à des solutions de M-théorie. Il est montré que des théories plus générales que des quivers, possédant également des champs dans la représentation fondamentale des groupes de jauges, permettent la description de M2-branes sur des espaces possédant des singularités de dimension complexe deux, du moins du point de vue de la structure complexe, dans le cas où seules 4 supercharges sont préservées. La thèse principale est que la considération des operateurs monopoles diagonaux dans la théorie de champs N=2 supersymmétrique en 2+1 dimensions, plus une relation entre ces opérateurs proposée comme conjecture, permettent de reproduire l'espace des modules d'une M2-brane sur n'importe quelle géométrie torique ayant des singularités en codimension complexe deux.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第19393号 / 理博第4124号 / 新制||理||1593(附属図書館) / 32418 / 京都大学大学院理学研究科数学・数理解析専攻 / (主査)教授 中島 啓, 教授 小野 薫, 教授 望月 拓郎 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

The purpose of this thesis is to develop machinery for calculating Hochschild cohomology groups of certain finite dimensional algebras. So let A be a finite dimensional quotient of a path algebra. A method of modeling the enveloping algebra Ae of A on a computer is presented. Adding the extra hypothesis that A is a monomial algebra, we construct a minimal projective resolution of A over A e. The syzygies for this resolution exhibit an alternating behavior which is explained by the construction of a special sequence of paths from the quiver of A. Finally, a technique for calculating Hochschild cohomology groups from these resolutions is presented. An important application involving an invariant characterization for a certain class of monomial algebras is also included. / Ph. D.

On the category of representations of a given quiver we define a tensor product point-wise and arrow-wise. The corresponding Clebsch-Gordan problem of how the tensor product of indecomposable representations decomposes into a direct sum of indecomposable representations is the topic of this thesis. The choice of tensor product is motivated by an investigation of possible ways to modify the classical tensor product from group representation theory to the case of quiver representations. It turns out that all of them yield tensor products which essentially are the same as the point-wise tensor product. We solve the Clebsch-Gordan problem for all Dynkin quivers of type A, D and E6, and provide explicit descriptions of their respective representation rings. Furthermore, we investigate how the tensor product interacts with Galois coverings. The results obtained are used to solve the Clebsch-Gordan problem for all extended Dynkin quivers of type Ãn and the double loop quiver with relations βα=αβ=αn=βn=0.

<p>On the category of representations of a given quiver we define a tensor product point-wise and arrow-wise. The corresponding Clebsch-Gordan problem of how the tensor product of indecomposable representations decomposes into a direct sum of indecomposable representations is the topic of this thesis.</p><p>The choice of tensor product is motivated by an investigation of possible ways to modify the classical tensor product from group representation theory to the case of quiver representations. It turns out that all of them yield tensor products which essentially are the same as the point-wise tensor product.</p><p>We solve the Clebsch-Gordan problem for all Dynkin quivers of type A, D and E₆, and provide explicit descriptions of their respective representation rings. Furthermore, we investigate how the tensor product interacts with Galois coverings. The results obtained are used to solve the Clebsch-Gordan problem for all extended Dynkin quivers of type Ã_n and the double loop quiver with relations βα=αβ=αⁿ=βⁿ=0.</p>