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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Mortalidade por homic?dios no Brasil: diferenciais segundo a ra?a/cor da pele entre 2005 a 2014

Fernandes, Alessandra Rabelo Gon?alves 31 May 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2018-07-12T22:28:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O MESTRADO HOMICIDIOS ALESSANDRA - VERS?O FINAL 1.pdf: 1953856 bytes, checksum: 7b1762cbe6f88af54296096c58e16491 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-12T22:28:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O MESTRADO HOMICIDIOS ALESSANDRA - VERS?O FINAL 1.pdf: 1953856 bytes, checksum: 7b1762cbe6f88af54296096c58e16491 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-31 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / Homicide mortality is a relevant public health problem, this type of violent death is a complex phenomenon of the modern world. Likewise, it also reflects the social, political and economic condition of a society, product of social disorganization due to the intense population increase and the deficiency of the supply of goods and services. Objective: To analyze spatially-temporal homicide deaths and their determinants by considering differences by race / color of skin in Brazil, from 2005 to 2014. Material and Methods: The first article is a time-series study in which it was calculated the homicide rates by sex, age and race / skin color in the Brazilian states from 2005 to 2014. The second is an ecological analytical study that had the analysis of the 27 states in Brazil, the Panel Data with Negative Binomial Regression method and fixed effects model were used. Results: In the first article, blacks accounted for 72.2% of the homicides, especially young people, both sexes, low schooling, between 20 and 29 years of age. Homicide rates have trended upward for black males and declining for white males. Women showed increasing trends regardless of race / color of the skin. The greatest variation of the annual average rates occurred in young people aged 15 to 19 years. These results were statistically significant at the 5% level. In the second article, black male overmortality was found in most Brazilian states. The areas with the highest proportion of the black male population aged 15-49 had a higher risk of death due to homicide, and even when adjusted for the other covariables present in the model did not lose strength of association and statistical significance. The HDI and unemployment rate were directly related to the homicides, while the Gini index, illiteracy rate and urbanization rate were inversely related. The results indicated a risk of death by male homicide in Brazilian states of 47.24%, whose proportion of the black population is greater than 75.0% (adjusted RR = 1.47, p = 0.01, 95% CI = 1, 18-1, 83). Conclusions: The data produced showed that the black male population aged 15 to 49 years are at higher risk of dying from homicide than white. The greater proportion of the black male population per state per se is not enough to explain homicide deaths, since homicide is a complex, multifaceted social phenomenon that still needs to be better clarified, but this is a factor that must be considered in existing public policies or in those to be implemented. / A mortalidade por homic?dio ? um relevante problema de sa?de p?blica, esse tipo de morte violenta ? um fen?meno complexo do mundo moderno. De igual modo, reflete tamb?m a condi??o social, pol?tica e econ?mica de uma sociedade, produto da desorganiza??o social decorrente do aumento populacional intenso e da defici?ncia da oferta de bens e servi?os. Objetivo: Analisar espa?o-temporalmente as mortes por homic?dios e seus fatores determinantes considerando diferenciais por ra?a/cor da pele, no Brasil, no per?odo de 2005 a 2014. Material e M?todos: O primeiro artigo ? um estudo de s?rie temporal no qual se calculou as taxas de homic?dios segundo sexo, faixa et?ria e ra?a/cor da pele nos estados brasileiros no per?odo de 2005 a 2014. O segundo se constitui em um estudo ecol?gico anal?tico que teve como unidade de an?lise os 27 estados brasileiros, e para an?lise utilizou-se o m?todo de Dados em Painel com Regress?o Binomial Negativa e modelo de efeitos fixos. Resultados: No primeiro artigo os dados apontaram que os negros representaram 72,2% dos homic?dios, especialmente jovens, ambos os sexos, baixa escolaridade, faixa de 20 a 29 anos. As taxas de homic?dios tiveram tend?ncia crescente para os homens negros e decrescente para os homens brancos. As mulheres apresentaram tend?ncias crescentes independente da ra?a/cor da pele. A maior varia??o das taxas m?dias anuais ocorreu em jovens de 15 a 19 anos. Estes resultados foram estatisticamente significantes em n?vel de 5%. No segundo artigo evidenciou-se uma sobremortalidade masculina negra na maior parte dos estados brasileiros. As ?reas com maior propor??o da popula??o masculina negra de 15 a 49 anos, apresentaram maiores riscos de morte por homic?dio, e ainda quando ajustada para as outras co-var?aveis presentes no modelo n?o perdeu a for?a da associa??o e signific?ncia estat?stica. O IDH e taxa de desemprego apresentaram rela??o direta com os homic?dios, enquanto que ?ndice de Gini, taxa de analfabetismo, taxa de urbaniza??o apresentaram rela??o inversa. Os resultados indicaram um risco de morte por homic?dio masculino em estados brasileiros de 47,24%, cuja propor??o da popula??o negra ? maior que 75,0% (RR ajustado =1,47; p=0,01; IC95%= 1,18-1,83). Conclus?es: Os dados produzidos evidenciaram que a popula??o masculina negra na faixa et?ria de 15 a 49 anos apresentam maior risco de morrer por homic?dios do que a branca. A maior propor??o da popula??o masculina negra por estado per se n?o ? suficiente para explicar as mortes por homic?dio, uma vez que, o homic?dio ? um fen?meno social complexo, multifacetado, e que ainda necessita ser melhor esclarecido, mas esse ? um fator que deve ser considerado nas pol?ticas p?blicas existentes ou naquelas a serem implementadas.

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