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Democracia e regulação da radiodifusão: dimensão normativa e análise das trajetórias dos EUA, Reino Unido, Argentina e BrasilCoelho, Júlio César 17 December 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-12-17 / A tese discorre sobre a regulação democrática da radiodifusão, abordando sua dimensão normativa e trajetória histórica. No primeiro caso, são cotejadas diversas formulações da teoria democrática, que assinalam as exigências de consentimento expresso no pacto que institui a ordem política, de garantia de expressão das diferentes alternativas e de definição de mecanismos que assegurem a correção de desigualdades em benefício de setores menos favorecidos, avaliando suas implicações para a regulação do sistema de radiodifusão. Em seguida, são consideradas as trajetórias do Reino Unido e dos Estados Unidos, tomados como paradigmas de duas abordagens regulatórias, respectivamente a que trata a radiodifusão como serviço público e a que a toma como utilidade pública. Por fim, são analisadas as trajetórias da Argentina e do Brasil, países nos quais se erigiu um sistema de comunicação social oligopolizado, não obstante mudanças recentes. A análise de tais trajetórias é efetuada considerando a existência de quatro grandes períodos à escala global no desenvolvimento da radiodifusão no decorrer do século XX e no início do século em curso: a) Formação e definição (1910-1945); b) Expansão, consolidação e acentuação da regulação pública (1946-1973); c) Advento e afirmação do neoliberalismo e impulso para desregulação (até o fim da década de 1990); d) Desafios regulatórios das novas mídias: um novo período em gestação? (2000...). São tomadas como variáveis analíticas, o contexto internacional, o desenvolvimento das tecnologias de comunicação, a participação da iniciativa privada no setor comunicacional e as características do sistema político, de modo a explicar os processos de definição das configurações institucionais de regulações existentes nos países focalizados. Sustenta-se que a regulação democrática dos meios de comunicação, especialmente da radiodifusão, é requisito fundamental para o direito à comunicação e condição para que se fortaleçam interações entre os cidadãos capazes de acentuar sua confiança recíproca e nas instituições, sustentando e conferindo eficácia à ordem democrática. / The thesis discusses broadcasting democratic regulations, addressing their normative dimension and historical trajectory. In the first case, it collates various formulations of democratic theory, highlighting the express consent required to define the political order, the importance of the expression of different alternatives in the political process and the need to define mechanisms to ensure the correction of inequalities for the benefit of disadvantaged sectors, assessing their implications in the broadcasting system regulations. Then, it analyzes the trajectories of the United Kingdom and the United States, taken as paradigms of two different regulatory approaches, respectively dealing broadcasting as a public service, and alternatively, as a public utility. Finally, it addresses the trajectories of Argentina and Brazil, countries where was erected oligopoly media systems, despite the recent changes. The analysis of such paths is performed considering four major periods on a global scale in the broadcasting development in the 20th century and at the beginning of the current century: a) Formation and definition (1910-1945); b) Expansion, consolidation and accentuation of public regulation (1946-1973); c) Advent and strengthening of neoliberalism and the push for deregulation (until the end of the 1990s); d) Regulatory challenges of news media: a new period in progress? (2000…). We considered as analytical variables the international context, the development of communication technologies, the participation of private companies in the communication sector and the characteristics of the political system, in order to explain the definition processes of the institutional settings in the existing regulation in the targeted countries. This thesis maintains that the democratic regulation of the media, especially broadcasting, is a fundamental requirement for the communication rights, and condition to strengthen interactions between citizens able to enhance their mutual trust and in institutions, supporting and giving effectiveness to the democratic order.
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Právní úprava rozhlasového a televizního vysílání v České republice / Legal Regulation of the Radio and Television Broadcast in the Czech RepublicŠebek, Marcel January 2012 (has links)
The thesis Legal Regulation of the Radio and Television Broadcast in the Czech Republic deals with an analysis and description of relevant legal regulations applicable in the area of broadcasting and television in the Czech Republic and with a closer insight in the main legal institutes and entities. A theoretically-juridical opening is followed by an introduction of the Czech Republic and European Union legal systems. The core of the thesis is the main topic, which is the legal regulation of the radio and television broadcasting in the Czech Republic. This part is opened by a short historical abstract followed by chapters dedicated to particular legal regulations. The Broadcasting Act, the Act on Czech Television, the Czech Television Code, the Act on Czech Radio, the Czech Radio Code and the Act on Audio Visual Media Services upon Request are described in individual chapters. The closing part is dedicated to some of the legal regulations and their provisions that are more remotely related to the subject. Individual chapters describe relevant legal institutes of the Act on Advertising Regulation, the Advertising Council Code of Ethics, the Consumer Protection Act, the Commercial Code and the Civil Code.
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