Since the experience economy was introduced, many researchers and enterprises have been attempting to find new strategies for business development, thus adapting to this new economy. In this process, the innovative value proposition is discovered as a solution to deliver satisfactory service and experience to customers. As a result, people start to pay attention to how to create an innovative value proposition and use it to stage memorable experiences to customers, which is also the main task of conducting this paper. In this paper, the authors investigate the value propositions offered by two innovative hotels, Chiva-som and IceHotel in order to answer how to create value proposition by integrating operant and operand resources. And the study about customers’ perceptions on value propositions is used to reveal how customers perceive a good value proposition and use it create a memorable experience that they desire. At the end of this paper, the authors state a new frame of creating value propositions by presenting a model of resource integration methods (Figure 3), which includes resource-centric and co-creation centric aspects. Furthermore, the features of a good value proposition perceived by customers as well as the solutions to improve customer experiences with innovative value propositions are summarized respectively.

ABSTRACT According to the annual report of Gambro, there were about 1,153,080 ESRD ( End Stage Renal Disease ) in the world-wide market; meanwhile, there were 294,050 ESRD in US market, 244,450 in European market, 206,000 in Japanese market. From Brooke Hollis¡¦ research report ( 1998 ), it indicated about 34% of Dialysis Center belonging to Dialysis Provider in the US market, and it forecasted the percentage should be increased up to 71% until 2001. Actually, there is about 66% of Dialysis Center hold by Dialysis Provider in the US market in 2001. In the Taiwan market, there were 31,106 ESRD ( 1999 ), depending on the statistic from Taiwan Society of Nephrology. The total expense of the dialysis therapy was about 13.37 billion in 1998. It increased about 14% per year, therefore, it expanded to 15.22 billion in 1999, then up to 17.57 billion in 2000. Since the fast growth of the Dialysis market in Taiwan and its potential, some of famous global industries, such as Fresenius, Gambro, and Baxter has get involved in Taiwan market and has directly entered the competition in the management of channel. Originally, Dialysis Agent was prototypical style for the Multiple-national industry in the Dialysis Market to develop cross-aboard. But, the competition type has became to be Dialysis Provider. Enfield Medical Inc. is one of successful companies during the development. During the thesis, the writer is interested in the strategy changing and developing, and make the research to analyze and to conclude the changing and the developing strategy of dialysis Industry.

The contribution of the present thesis is describing and explaining how value is co-created by addressing customer-employee role constellations during service encounters. There is a specific focus on customers’ and employees’ resource integration when co-creating value. The thesis consists of five separate papers, one of which is a literature review and four are empirical papers. The empirical papers are based on data from the public employment service and the customs service inSweden. The thesis offers two main contributions; the first of which is to service research by expanding knowledge of resource integration and value co-creation using e-government as the empirical context for outlining customers’ and employees’ value co-creation. The second contribution concerns which roles customers and employees enact during resource integration when value is being co-created. It was found that the roles of the employees were; interactor; customer oriented party, co-creator, and empowered party, while a customer can have the role of information integrator, accessibility needer, dialogue keeper, and/or knowledge transferee. Based on these two contributions, the thesis outlines understandings regarding role constellations in value co-creation. The role constellations suggest that customers and employees enact roles that impact how their resources are integrated.  Finally, the thesis contributes towards building a theory of value co-creation by proposing that the ten foundational premises of S-D logic, together with the four theoretical propositions and the role constellations presented in this thesis, should be seen as an approach to building a theory of value co-creation. Together, these three building blocks offer the following explanation as to what occurs when a customer and an employee co-create value: (1) The ten foundational premises focus on resource integration and value co-creation. (2) The four theoretical propositions offer the explanation that resource integration occurs in the context of roles since a role decides how to use the knowledge and skills. (3) The role constellations give concrete examples of how customers and employees integrate their resources to co-create value.

It is widely acknowledged that value can be regarded as interactively formed by customers through the integration of a variety of resources. However, it is difficult to find service research that takes these concepts seriously in empirical studies. Consequently, the aim of this thesis is to present an empirically grounded understanding of how customer resource integration takes place in practice and how customers experience their resource integration. By collecting data of public transport customers through qualitative diaries, interviews, and video recordings of situated action in addition to a survey, the thesis draws on script and practice theory. The main contribution of the thesis is an empirically grounded model of customer experience of resource integration, which can be summarized in six propositions: (a) customers can acquire four different types of scripts: generic, incongruent, rigid, or transformative; (b) the script types are implicit parts of interactive value practices, which emerge as navigating and ticketing in the empirical context of public transport; (c) the interactive value practices are constellations of the resource integration activities of identifying, sense-making, and using, which customers focus on to varying extents, depending on their acquired script; (d) during or after interactive value formation customers potentially update their scripts; (e) customer processes, other customers, the physical environment, contact personnel, provider processes, and the wider environment all form the context of the service, but can also be resources that the customer integrates; and (f) the customer experience is a holistic evaluation of the interactive value formation and can be understood as consisting of three dimensions: a cognitive evaluation and two affective evaluations, positive activation and positive deactivation. As such, I reframe the notion of the servicescape in order for it to be more attuned to the perspective of interactive value formation and resource integration.

Abstract   Title: Strategies and tactics to stimulate Social enterprise business expansion-Swedish experience   Level: Final assignment for Master’s Degree in Business Administration   Author: GU Yanhao   Supervisor: Maria Fregidou-Malama   Examiner: Lars Ekstrand   Date: 2013-10-17   Aim: This study aims to identify elements which can affect social enterprise business expansion. Based on study, suggestions for social enterprises to achieve long term development are exhibited.   Method: This research is a qualitative research based on case study. Relay on previous knowledge about social enterprises, I formulate questions which serve my study’s aim. There are three companies be selected in my case company list. Those three companies are divided in two categories: one type is social enterprise consultant company whose mission is to aid regional social enterprise to make health business operation; another type is social enterprise. There are four interview used in the research to ensure that the research result contains different perspectives and opinions.   Result & Conclusions: This study depicts an overall view about social enterprise business expansion. Certain suggestions have been listed relay on the combination of previous literature result with case studies. In the study, various elements have been determined which have significant impacts on social enterprise business expansion operation. They are divided in two segments, internal and external. Internal aspects include human resource and social entrepreneur. External factors include third Part Company, non-profit charity groups and authority. Social enterprise who wants business expansion needs to integrate different resources from various social institutions. Meanwhile to enhance internal product capability as well as competitive advantage social enterprise needs to more emphasize on social entrepreneurs’ characteristics.   Suggestion for further research: Further study should emphasize on various sizes of social enterprises in multi-stakeholders co-operation model. This study mainly focuses on SMEs type of SE, but with the time passing by, due to SE can offer solutions to social crisis and economic crisis, SE will be popular, and this idea will spread quickly. Therefore, more and more large size SE will emerge which needs guide and help with business maintaining and expansion plans.   Contribution of the thesis: This study contributes to three aspects. First, this study analyses the present situation of social enterprise, exhibit internal and external factors which affect social enterprise to make business expansion. It offers social enterprise a path to implement business expansion, and help social enterprise to identify its potential capabilities which could help them achieve long term development. Secondly, during this work, author explains the ideology of social enterprise, what are its contributions to society as well as the reason why it exists. Since the results offer an explicitly structured conclusion, they are valuable information to society as well as local municipality to re-considerate the important role social enterprise can play. Last not the least, this research presents a new model of key elements for social enterprise business expansion. It is critical and crucial for further research in academic study.

Thesis (Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. / As the electric energy demand grows, there is a significant increase in the penetration of renewable generation (RG) in the existing electrical grid network. Interconnecting of renewable generation technologies to an existing distribution system has proven to provide various benefits such as meeting the growing load demand and its contribution to energy system decarbonisation, long-term energy security and expansion of energy access to new energy consumers in the developing urban and rural areas. However, the aim of this thesis is to conduct a study on the impacts of renewable generation on the power quality of electrical grid. Therefore, this work aims at assessing the potential effects of Distributed Generation (DG) on the operation of electric power system by modelling of harmonics and voltage distortion. With different types of renewable generation available at present, it is believed that some designs contribute significantly to electrical network’s Power Quality (PQ). After the analysis of harmonic currents (chapter 6 and 7 of this thesis) introduced by renewable generation technologies, their negative impact on the power quality of the grid is seen to be apparent at point of connection (POC) but only within controlled limits. Analytical method for modeling of harmonic interactions between the grid and aggregated distributed generation technologies are investigated using DIgSILENT Power Factory software and the results obtained are discussed.

In order to stay sustainably competitive and provide low cost, high quality products safely and on schedule, China Steel Group must depend on a highly automated and sophisticated electric control system for dynamic and optimized control. Therefore, the promotion of group synergy as well as integration and management of the resources of China Steel Group¡¦s electric control system become the main purpose of this study. This study is based on resource-based theory, Collis & Montgomery's strategy and the literatures on Group Company¡¦s management. Management system of Formosa Plastics Group, three Japanese and one Korean Steel Groups were also investigated as benchmarking practices. Following issues have been analyzed via 4 experts¡¦ interviews and 135 questionnaires: 1).Core electric control resources with sustainable competitive advantage of China Steel Group, 2).The electric control resources¡¦ integration and management system of China Steel Group, 3).The necessity and direction to establish China Steel Group¡¦s general management office. Findings and conclusions of this study are shown as follows: 1) . Core electric control resources with sustainable competitive advantage of China Steel Group: a. Expertise is the most important core resources of electric control system; process and operation domain knowledge, process control maintenance knowledge and basic engineering of electric control project are the most sustainable competitive advantage in daily business operation. b. Process domain knowledge in rolling mill is the most valuable and difficult electric core resource and need to be enhanced first. c. The most important factors to evaluate the performance of electric control business are: quality, time schedule, safety and environmental protection, technical ability, communication and coordination services. 2) . The electric control resources¡¦ integration and management of China Steel Group: a. Through resources, business and organization as well as by the coordination and monitoring system, the integration and management of the electric control resources of China Steel Group will become more effectively. b. In addition to the original electric control maintenance and engineering business, China Steel Group should strengthen the function of electric control professional staff to integrate the group¡¦s resources. c. The way to integrate electric control resources are: technology and information integration, material and logistics integration, process/organization and human resources integration. d. Project detail design and software maintenance for DCS and PLC should be subcontracted to subsidiary company, InfoChamp System Corp., to enhance its capability in addition to keep core capability inside China Steel Group. e. Maintain the existing district-based electric maintenance system; Integrate group-wide resources to set up group¡¦s electric control engineering company responsible for all group's electric control projects; Functions of companies¡¦ electric control department shall be transformed into group¡¦s professional staff. 3) . The necessity and direction to establish China Steel Group¡¦s general management office: a. The performance of resource integration in China Steel Group is very important. b. More than 85.2% of respondents considered Group¡¦s general management office should be established or expand the parent company (China Steel Corp.) existing organizations to integrate the resources of China Steel Group. Finally, the result of this study is not only meaningful for China Steel Group but also can be applied in other industry group companies and engineering companies.

M & A indeed is one of speedy growing methods for enterprise. But not every one enterprise can get its effectiveness as expectation after conducting merger. There is usually a huge organizational change is hidden behind M & A. The retained employees after the merger face the new company, seems like new employees that just inaugurated, filled with strange and a sense of uncertainty. In 1998, Watson Wyatt Company made a survey and found most of the merger failed to achieve the strategic target as expectation, M & A will ultimately lead to failure or poor performance, in addition to cultural differences, "people" issues can not be integrated effectively by the system is a major key factors, such as the leave of excellent talents, staff remaining in the low efficiency, So triggered the human resources issues discussed after M & A. The purpose of this study was to research successful key factor of human resources integration in the process of M & A which through an interview with qualitative, considering the time appropriateness and the difficulties of backtracking information validity to avoid making poor effectiveness. Especially to choose a case of retailer Taiwan in 2006 as example, French Carrefour merged with British Tesco to study. Also considering the impact of mergers and acquisitions on the acquired employees are greater than the acquiring ones, especially the employees under the middle management level, we selected the remained employees under the middle management level in the acquired corporation as the sample. This empirical study found that the unmet expectation of acquired employees not only from job regulations and benefit, but also from the person-organization fit of the acquiring corporation. The unmet expectation may both affect the psychological and behavioral stress of acquired employees. It also affects the organizational commitment of acquired employees to the acquiring corporation. The unmet expectation has a direct effect on the job stress and organization commitment. It also has an indirect effect on the performance positively through the perceived organizational support. The purpose of this study is to explore the human resources integration challenges under merger and acquisition of the pharmaceutical company A. The findings are from focused interview with employees of different backgrounds including acquired company employees, acquiring (A) company employees and top management team of the A company. The research results indicate that¡G 1.Under M&A, the internal integration team with outsider consulting firm¡¦s professional assistance will minimize the resistances. 2.Under M&A, the specific HR integration structure is needed. 3.Under M&A, the comprehensive communication plan is needed to erase the rumors and gossips. 4.Under M&A, the talent deployment must retain all the talents from both-side companies and eliminate the poor performers in the acquiring company. 5.Under M&A, for ensuring every colleague in the new company move forward to the same goals, the enterprise has to review the performance appraisal and management system.

For the past years more and more well-managed middle-size enterprises in Taiwan have tried to be more competitive and become multination-base enterprises through diversification. A lot of research indicates that the diversification can result in unique competitive advantages. However it also indicates that the degree of diversification is no more one of the important indexes of business performance. This study was conducted to investigate how to integrate resources within a diversified enterprise to create the management synergies and channel them back to subsidiaries for more growth. Based on various theories regarding resource-base view, diversification, resource building and resource leverage, this study empirically documented that the resource integration among subsidiaries is positively related to the existence of business groups and their growth within a mature industry. The results of this study indicate that: 1. Business profits can be generated through resource-integration strategy even during the period of a macro-economic recession. 2. Either related diversification and unrelated diversification could be achieved when enterprises are able to effectively use related techniques and resources. 3. The diversified enterprises can exploit resources to create new management synergy through resource building, resource leverage and resource integration. 4. Whether resource integration can be achieved hinges heavily on the subsidiaries willingness to cooperate. Key Words: Resource-Based View Theory, Diversification, Resource Leverage, Resource Building, Resource-Integration, And Business Performance

The purpose of this thesis is to describe how value propositions can be seen as an operant resource in a wireless environment, for service providers’ opportunity to co-create value with their customers. To see how a service provider offer service in a wireless environment interviews have been conducted at Westra Wermlands Sparbank with the focus on service offered through a smartphone application. The findings in the empirical study was that the service provider does not have the opportunity to actively instruct its customers in a wireless environment since the majority of the customers get the smartphone application on their own without processing from the service provider. What the service provider therefore can do is to integrate its instructions into the smartphone application so it is easy to understand and to show the customers what possibilities they have when using it. Thereby the offered value proposition can be seen as an operant resource in a wireless environment. Moreover, the service provider gets the opportunity to co-create value with its customers.