Objetivos: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a influência da presença do cimento endodôntico e agente cimentante na retenção de pinos de fibra. Metodologia: Cento e oitenta dentes extraídos foram divididos em dois grupos (n=90) de acordo com a forma de obturação: condensação lateral ou obturação apenas do terço apical. Cada um destes grupos foi subdividido em três grupos (n=10) de acordo com o cimento utilizado para a obturação (AH Plus, Endofil e MTAFillapex). Os cimentos foram manipulados e acrescidos de corante Rodamina B na proporção de 0,1% para possibilitar visualização através da microscopia confocal a laser. Quinze dias após a obturação, estes dentes foram preparados para a cimentação do pino de fibra (Reforpost Angelus) com os cimentos RelyX ARC (ARC), U200 e Gold Label Cement Lining (GL). Os dentes foram seccionados transversalmente para obtenção de fatias com 1mm de espessura e submetidos à microscopia confocal a laser para verificar a penetração do cimento endodôntico nos túbulos dentinários, posteriormente ao teste de push-out. O padrão de falha foi analisado em esteromicroscópio e imagens representativas foram feitas em microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os valores de resistência de união em MPa de acordo com a técnica de obturação foram analisados pelo teste de Mann-Whitney. Os valores de resistência de união dos grupos experimentais foram analisados pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis e post hoc de Dunn, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa entre as formas de obturação (P>0,05). O tipo de cimento obturador influenciou a resistência de união, e o cimento MTA-Fillapex apresentou valores de resistência de união significativamente inferiores ao AH Plus (P<0,05). Os grupos que utilizaram GL para cimentação dos pinos de fibra de vidro apresentaram valores para o teste de push-out superiores aos cimentos resinosos (P < 0,05). Não houve diferença significativa entre o ARC e o U200 (P > 0,05). Conclusões: Valores de resistência de união mais altos foram observados quando os pinos de fibra foram cimentados com cimento GL . Os padrões de falha mistas foram predominantes e ocorreram em todos os grupos experimentais. / Aim: Evaluate the influence of the endodontic sealer and luting cements on the fiber post bond strength. Methodology: One hundred and eighty extracted teeth were assigned to two groups, considering the root filling technique: lateral condensation or root filling of the apical portion only. Each group were divided into three groups (n=10) according the sealer applied (AH Plus, Endofill or MTA-Fillapex). Rhodamine B was mixed to the sealer in a ratio of 0,1% in order to provide adequate fluorescence assessed by confocal microscopy. Fifty days after root canal filling, post-space preparation were performed with luting cements: RelyX ARC (ARC), U200 and Gold Label Cement Lining (GL). One thick slices were produced and submitted to confocal miscroscopy to assessed sealer penetration into dentinal tubules, and than submitted to push-out test. The failure modes were analysed in stereomicroscope and representative images were obtained in a scanning electron microscope. Push-out strength values of the root filling technique were analyzed using Mann-Whitney test. Push-out strength values of experimental groups were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn´s post hoc test at significance level 5%. Results: No significant difference was observed (P>0.05) between the root filling technique. The type of endodontic sealer influenced the push-out bond strength, and MTA-Fillapex sealers presents lower bond strength values than AH Plus (P<0.05). Fiber posts cemented with GL presented higher push-out bond strength than resin cements (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between ARC and U200 (P>0.05). Conclusions: Fiber posts showed higher bond strength values when cemented with GL. Mixed failures were predominant and occurred in all the experimental groups.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o selamento apical em 7 e 30 dias de, obturações de canais radiculares com a técnica de cone único utilizando 4 cimentos endodônticos, AH Plus, MTA Fillapex, cimento Portland, e cimento experimental Sealepox, por meio do sistema de infiltração de fluidos FLODEC, e a qualidade de obturação, em microscopia confocal a laser, analisando o perímetro de penetração dos cimentos nos túbulos dentinários, e a porcentagem de fendas na interface cimento/dentina, e por meio de estereomicroscopia, a porcentagem de cimento, guta-percha e espaços vazios a 2,4 e 6mm do ápice radicular, dos cimentos. Sessenta e oito dentes unirradiculados, com canais únicos tiveram seus canais instrumentados e, então, obturados com os cimentos, previamente corados com Rodamina B. As amostras foram conservadas em meio úmido a 37º de temperatura. Após 7 dias, os dentes foram adaptados para os testes de infiltração de fluidos, fazendo-se as leituras durante 12 minutos constantes, para todos os espécimes. Trinta dias depois, as leituras foram realizadas novamente com os mesmos parâmetros anteriores. Todos os espécimes foram cortados em secções de 2mm de espessura nos níveis de 2,4 e 6mm do ápice radicular. Mediante estereomicroscopia, foram calculadas as porcentagens de cimento, guta-percha e espaços vazios, e em microscopia confocal, as porcentagens de fendas e o perímetro de penetração dos cimentos no interior dos túbulos dentinários, em todas as secções. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que, todos os cimentos permitiram a infiltração de fluidos em 7 dias, sendo que, o MTA Fillapex exibiu, significativamente, menor infiltração que os cimentos AH Plus e Portland. Em 30 dias não houve diferenças estatísticas entre os cimentos. Nas avaliações em microscopia confocal, observou-se a presença de fendas na interface dentina/cimento em todas as secções avaliadas. À estereomicroscopia observaram-se espaços vazios em todas as secções, bem como, variações nas porcentagens de cimento e guta-percha. / The aim of this study was to evaluate sealing-ability at 7 and 30 days of root canal obturations using a single cone obturation technique of 4 endodontic sealers, AH Plus, Mta Fillapex, Portland Cement and a experimental sealer Sealepox, using a fluid filtration recording device (FLODEC), to evaluate the obturation quality using confocal laser microscopy analyzing interfacial adaptation of sealer/dentin interface, perimeter of sealer penetration into dentinal tubules, and using stereomicroscopy, the percentage of sealer, guta-percha and voids at 2, 4 and 6mm from de apex. Sixtyeight single rooted teeth with one canal were instrumented and then, obturated, with the sealers, in which, Rodamine B was previously added. Samples were stored in 100% humidity and at 37º temperature. After 7 days, all the specimens were submitted to microleakage tests for a 12-minute period. Mta Fillapex showed the lowest leakage percentage when compared with AH Plus and Portland cement. 30 days after the first test, microleakage evaluations were repeated, and the results showed no statistical differences. Then, all samples were cut horizontally of 2mm of thickness at 2,4,6mm from the apex. Using estereomicrocopy, percentage of sealer, guta-percha and voids were measured, and using confocal laser microscopy percentages of interfacial adaptation and perimeter of sealer penetration into dentinal tubules were calculated. According to the results it was concluded that all sealers permitted fluid filtration at 7 and 30 days, being that, at 7 days, MTA Fillapex exhibited significantly, less fluid filtration than AH Plus and Portland Cement. At 30 days, no statistically differences were found. On confocal evaluations, it was observed the presence of gaps at the sealer/dentin interface in all evaluated sections. Stereomicroscopy assessments showed voids in all sections and as well variations on sealer and guta-percha percentages.

Objetivos: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a influência da presença do cimento endodôntico e agente cimentante na retenção de pinos de fibra. Metodologia: Cento e oitenta dentes extraídos foram divididos em dois grupos (n=90) de acordo com a forma de obturação: condensação lateral ou obturação apenas do terço apical. Cada um destes grupos foi subdividido em três grupos (n=10) de acordo com o cimento utilizado para a obturação (AH Plus, Endofil e MTAFillapex). Os cimentos foram manipulados e acrescidos de corante Rodamina B na proporção de 0,1% para possibilitar visualização através da microscopia confocal a laser. Quinze dias após a obturação, estes dentes foram preparados para a cimentação do pino de fibra (Reforpost Angelus) com os cimentos RelyX ARC (ARC), U200 e Gold Label Cement Lining (GL). Os dentes foram seccionados transversalmente para obtenção de fatias com 1mm de espessura e submetidos à microscopia confocal a laser para verificar a penetração do cimento endodôntico nos túbulos dentinários, posteriormente ao teste de push-out. O padrão de falha foi analisado em esteromicroscópio e imagens representativas foram feitas em microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os valores de resistência de união em MPa de acordo com a técnica de obturação foram analisados pelo teste de Mann-Whitney. Os valores de resistência de união dos grupos experimentais foram analisados pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis e post hoc de Dunn, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa entre as formas de obturação (P>0,05). O tipo de cimento obturador influenciou a resistência de união, e o cimento MTA-Fillapex apresentou valores de resistência de união significativamente inferiores ao AH Plus (P<0,05). Os grupos que utilizaram GL para cimentação dos pinos de fibra de vidro apresentaram valores para o teste de push-out superiores aos cimentos resinosos (P < 0,05). Não houve diferença significativa entre o ARC e o U200 (P > 0,05). Conclusões: Valores de resistência de união mais altos foram observados quando os pinos de fibra foram cimentados com cimento GL . Os padrões de falha mistas foram predominantes e ocorreram em todos os grupos experimentais. / Aim: Evaluate the influence of the endodontic sealer and luting cements on the fiber post bond strength. Methodology: One hundred and eighty extracted teeth were assigned to two groups, considering the root filling technique: lateral condensation or root filling of the apical portion only. Each group were divided into three groups (n=10) according the sealer applied (AH Plus, Endofill or MTA-Fillapex). Rhodamine B was mixed to the sealer in a ratio of 0,1% in order to provide adequate fluorescence assessed by confocal microscopy. Fifty days after root canal filling, post-space preparation were performed with luting cements: RelyX ARC (ARC), U200 and Gold Label Cement Lining (GL). One thick slices were produced and submitted to confocal miscroscopy to assessed sealer penetration into dentinal tubules, and than submitted to push-out test. The failure modes were analysed in stereomicroscope and representative images were obtained in a scanning electron microscope. Push-out strength values of the root filling technique were analyzed using Mann-Whitney test. Push-out strength values of experimental groups were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn´s post hoc test at significance level 5%. Results: No significant difference was observed (P>0.05) between the root filling technique. The type of endodontic sealer influenced the push-out bond strength, and MTA-Fillapex sealers presents lower bond strength values than AH Plus (P<0.05). Fiber posts cemented with GL presented higher push-out bond strength than resin cements (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between ARC and U200 (P>0.05). Conclusions: Fiber posts showed higher bond strength values when cemented with GL. Mixed failures were predominant and occurred in all the experimental groups.

O tratamento de canal ideal compreende a desinfecção e selamento do sistema de canais radiculares, de forma a impedir a reinfecção e permitir o reparo dos tecidos periapicais. Para isso é necessário o emprego de materiais que promovam um perfeito selamento, o que até o presente momento não foi completamente alcançado. O objetivo do presente estudo in vitro foi desenvolver um cimento endodôntico à base de resina de glicerol salicilato e α-fosfato tricálcico (αTCP), que apresente potencial de estimular a deposição mineral. Os cimentos foram formulados a partir de 70% em massa de uma resina de glicerol salicilato, obtida a partir da reação de transesterificação do salicilato de metila com o glicerol, e 30% em massa de carga inorgânica, composta de hidróxido de cálcio e αTCP, em diferentes proporções: 30% Ca(OH)2, 25% Ca(OH)2 + 5% αTCP, 20% Ca(OH)2 + 10% αTCP, 15% Ca(OH)2 + 15% αTCP. A resina sintetizada foi caracterizada por cromatografia de exclusão por tamanho, ressonância magnética de prótons e espectroscopia Raman. Os cimentos foram caracterizados quanto ao tempo de presa, degradação in vitro, potencial de alcalinização do meio, citotoxicidade e capacidade de estimular a deposição mineral. A resina de glicerol salicilato foi obtida por meio da reação de transesterificação, com 72% de rendimento. Os grupos avaliados apresentaram um tempo de presa de 240 min a 405 min e capacidade de alcalinizar o meio. Além disso, o aumento na concentração de αTCP diminuiu a degradação dos cimentos. A viabilidade celular após 48 h de contato direto com os cimentos experimentais não apresentou diferença quando comparada a um cimento obturador comercial (AH Plus) usado como referência. Os cimentos contendo 10% e 15% de αTCP exibiram a presença de uma camada superficial rica em fosfatos de cálcio após a imersão em água e simulated body fluid (SBF) por sete dias, verificada por espectroscopia Raman e MEV-EDS. Os resultados mostraram êxito no desenvolvimento do cimento endodôntico bioativo à base de resina de glicerol salicilato e α-fosfato tricálcico. / Dental root canal treatment comprises the disinfection and complete filling of root canals in order to prevent the reinfection and allows the healing of periapical tissues. The use of materials that promotes an effective sealing has no achieved at the moment. The aim of this in vitro study was to develop a root canal sealer based on a glycerol salicylate resin and α-tricalcium phosphate (αTCP) that presents potential to stimulate mineral deposition. Sealers were formulated based on 70wt% of a glycerol salicylate resin, obtained by transesterification of methyl salicylate and glycerol, and 30wt% of inorganic filler, composed by calcium hydroxide and αTCP, in different proportions: 30% Ca(OH)2, 25% Ca(OH)2 + 5% αTCP, 20% Ca(OH)2 + 10% αTCP, 15% Ca(OH)2 + 15% αTCP. Synthesized resin was characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography and Raman spectroscopy. Sealers were characterized based on setting time, in vitro degradation over time, pH, cytotoxicity and mineral deposition. The glycerol salicylate resin was obtained by transesterification reaction, with 72% yield. Sealers presented setting time ranging from 240 min to 405 min, and basic pH over 8.21 after 28 days. Higher αTCP concentration leads to sealers with low solubility. Cell viability after 48 h in direct contact with sealers was similar to a commercial sealer (AH Plus) used as reference. The 10% and 15% αTCP sealers exhibited a calcium-phosphate layer on its surface after immersion in water and simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7 days, verified by Raman spectroscopy and MEV-EDX. The bioactive root canal sealer based on glycerol salicylate resin containing αTCP was successfully developed.

Orientador: Juliane Maria Guerreiro Tanomaru / Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar o preparo com instrumentos de níquel-titânio tratados termicamente em movimento rotatório ou reciprocante e a associação com inserto ultrassônico e capacidade de preenchimento pelas técnicas híbrida de Tagger ou cone único empregando o cimento Bio-C Sealer em canais radiculares achatados. Metodologia: Canais distais achatados de molares inferiores com diâmetro vestíbulo-lingual igual ou maior que 4 vezes o diâmetro mésio-distal foram preparados (n=12) por Reciproc Blue (RB) R40 em movimento reciprocante ou ProDesign Logic (PDL) 40.01 e 40.05 em movimento rotatório. Etapa complementar de instrumentação foi realizada com inserto ultrassônico Flatsonic nos dois grupos. Os canais foram obturados (n=12) pela técnica híbrida de Tagger ou cone único com o cimento Bio-C Sealer. Escaneamentos em resolução de 8,74 µm foram realizados em microtomografia computadorizada (micro-CT) antes e após todas as etapas experimentais. Percentual de aumento volumétrico, debris e superfície não instrumentada foram analisados para as etapas de preparo e percentual de falhas para obturação. Testes estatísticos ANOVA e Tukey, teste t pareado e não pareado foram realizados com nível de significância de 5%. Publicação 1 – Resultados: O percentual de aumento volumétrico, debris e superfície não instrumentada foi semelhante entre RB e PDL na extensão total do canal (P>0,05). PDL promoveu menor percentual de debris no terço cervical e menor percentual de aumento volumétrico no terço apical ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Mestre

Orientador: Mario Tanomaru Filho / Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar o preparo empregando dois sistemas rotatórios de níquel-titânio tratados termicamente e efeito do novo inserto ultrassônico e instrumento de menor diâmetro e a capacidade de preenchimento dos cimentos Bio-C Sealer ou AH Plus pela técnica de cone único em canais radiculares achatados de segundos pré-molares superiores. Metodologia: Canais radiculares achatados de segundos pré-molares superiores humanos com diâmetro vestíbulo-lingual igual ou maior que 4 vezes o diâmetro mésio-distal foram preparados com sistemas rotatórios(n=16): ProDesign Logic (PDL) 30.01 e 30.05 ou HyFlex EDM (HEDM) 10.05 e 25.08. Etapa do preparo complementar foi realizada com inserto ultrassônico Flatsonic (terço cervical e médio) e PDL 25.03 (terço apical) (FPDL) em ambos os grupos. Os canais radiculares foram obturados (n=16) com o cimento Bio-C Sealer ou AH Plus pela técnica de cone único. Escaneamentos em resolução de 8,74 µm foram realizados em microtomografia computadorizada (micro-CT) antes e após as etapas experimentais. Percentual de aumento volumétrico, debris e superfície não instrumentada foram analisados para as etapas de preparo e percentual de falhas para obturação. Os testes estatísticos específicos para o preparo e obturação foram realizados com nível de significância de 5%. Publicação 1 – Resultados: Não houve diferença estatística entre PDL e HEDM para o aumento de volume, debris e superfície não instrumentada no canal como um todo (P>0,05). PDL obteve maior percentual... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate root canal preparation using two rotary nickel-titanium systems thermally treated and the effect of ultrasonic tip and small diameter instrument; and the filling capacity of sealers Bio-C Sealer and AH Plus by single cone technique in flattened root canals of maxillary second premolars. Methods: Flattened root canals of human maxillary second premolars with buccolingual diameter 4 or more times larger than the mesiodistal diameter were prepared with rotary systems (n=16): ProDesign Logic (PDL) 30.01 e 30.05 or HyFlex EDM (HEDM) 10.05 e 25.08. Complementary preparation step was performed with ultrasonic tip Flatsonic (cervical and middle thirds) and PDL 25.03 (apical third) (FPDL) in both groups. The root canals were filled (n=16) with Bio-C Sealer or AH Plus by single cone technique. Scanning in resolution of 8,74 µm were performed by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) before and after the experimental steps. Percentage of increase in volume, debris and uninstrumented surface were analysed for the preparation steps and percentage of voids for obturation. The statistical tests specific to preparation and obturation analyses were performed with a significance level of 5%. Publication 1 - Results: There was no statistically difference between PDL and HEDM for volume increase, debris and uninstrumented surface, in entire canal (P>0,05). PDL showed higher debris in the middle and apical thirds than HEDM (P<0,05). The FPDL protocol ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / INTRODUCTION: New sealers have been placed on the market to improve the property of a hermetic seal within the root canal and decrease the gap between the gutta-percha and dentin wall. Differences in the adhesive properties of endodontic sealers may be expected because their interaction with either dentin or gutta-percha may vary with their chemical composition. No specific interaction either with dentin or gutta-percha is expected from the setting reaction of calcium hydroxide based sealers and the epoxy-based sealers. The setting reaction of the zinc oxide-eugenol mixtures is a chelation reaction occurring with the zinc ion of the zinc oxide. Development and maintenance of the seal are essential to optimize the long-term success rate of root canal treatment. An ideal endodontic sealer should, in part, adhere firmly both to dentin and gutta-percha. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the sealing properties of EndoSequence BC sealer TM ,a bioceramic sealer, and Roth’s sealer using gutta-percha with warm vertical condensation and using the single cone technique with the EndoSequence BC sealer only. The goal is to see if there is a significant difference in microleakage between teeth sealed with the bioceramic sealer and teeth sealed with Roth’s sealer. MATERIALS & METHODS: Eighty-five single-rooted maxillary anterior teeth were used for this study. Endodontic cleaning and shaping of each root canal system was accomplished using K-type hand files and NiTi Rotary files. Group A consisted of twenty-seven anterior teeth, which were obturated using EndoSequence BC sealer and gutta-percha with System B and Obtura. Another twenty-seven anterior teeth, Group B, was obturated using Roth’s sealer and gutta-percha with System B and Obtura. A final group, Group C with 27 teeth was obturated using the single cone technique by means of a single gutta-percha point with Endosequence BC sealer. Two teeth were used as a positive control group, and two other teeth as a negative control group. A microbial leakage apparatus was constructed using a similar two-chamber method described by Torabinejad et al. E. faecalis ATCC 29212 was the test bacteria which was used in this study to determine microleakage The outcome of interest (bacterial turbidity) and time-to-leakage (in days), will be determined for each of the samples. Survival analysis will be used to compare the two groups, with a Kaplan-Meier plot to visualize the results and a nonparametric log-rank test for the group comparison RESULTS: No microleakage was observed in the negative control or group B. Microleakage was observed in all the positive control. Group A and C had a significantly higher proportion of samples with microleakage than group B (p<0.0001), but group A and C were not significantly different from each other (p=0.50). Time to microleakage was also significantly lower in group A and C than group B (p<0.0001), but group A and C were not significantly different from each other (p=0.37). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, using E. faecalis as our test bacteria, the microleakage of canals obturated with gutta percha and Roth's sealer was significantly less than canals obturated with gutta percha and EndoSequence BC sealer.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Root canal therapy is a recommended treatment for apical periodontitis. Root canal failure can occur as a result of microbial leakage. Resilon, a resin based root canal obturating cone material introduced in 2004 attempts to minimize leakage by a unique bonding method of the resin sealer to both the core material and to the dentin of the canal walls. Resilon has no bactericidal or antimicrobial effect15. Furthermore, it has been shown that Resilon is susceptible to alkaline and enzymatic hydrolysis as well as bacterial degradation.73, 184-186 It has been suggested that Resilon may be susceptible to degradation by microorganisms found in the infected root canal space. This work focuses on the susceptibility of root canal obturating materials to be degraded by endodontic pathogens seen in root canal treated teeth with apical periodontitis. The aim of this study was to determine if Resilon could be degraded by selected pathogenic bacteria found in the infected root canal system, and if this degradation is more severe than with gutta-percha, a conventional obturating material. P. intermedia, E. faecalis and P. aeruginosa, known endodontic pathogens were inoculated on discs of obturating material (Resilon or gutta-percha) mounted on a platform and placed in wells containing TSB incubated at 37°C under aerobic conditions. The discs were polished, examined by SEM, profilometry, and elemental analysis prior to inoculation to establish a baseline, and were then re-examined by these methods one month after inoculation. The overall results were inconclusive; and using these methods it cannot be determined that the selected bacteria can degrade Resilon. An ideal future study would utilize SEM with gold coated samples as well as atomic force microscopy to evaluate for changes in topographical features of these obturating materials. A notable finding was that Resilon turns black when exposed to bacteria, and the significance of this finding should be addressed in future studies.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Introduction: One of the challenges of non-surgical root canal treatment (NSRCT) is determining the working length of the canal which indicates the exact end point of root canal preparation and obturation. The development of the Electronic Apex Locator (EAL) has helped the clinician to determine the location of the apical foramen, and hence the working length, when performing NSRCT. Objective: The objective of this in vitro study was to determine the accuracy of a new EAL, the E-PEX (Changzhou Eighteeth Medical Technology Co., China), and compare it to a commonly used EAL, the Root ZX II (J. Morita Corp, Kyoto, Japan), for determining the location of the apical foramen. Materials and Methods: Twenty extracted single rooted teeth were used in this study. The crowns were removed and the distance from a coronal reference point to the apical foramen was measured utilizing a k-file and direct visualization under magnification. Teeth were then mounted in alginate and measurements for the apical foramen were made using the Root ZX II and the E-PEX. The difference between the actual canal length and the electronic length was then calculated and compared. Results: The mean true difference was -0.20, and -0.19 for the E-PEX and Root ZX II respectively. The mean absolute difference was 0.28, and 0.26 for the E-PEX and Root ZX II respectively. Paired t-tests done separately for true differences (p = 0.45) and absolute differences (p = 0.21) showed no significant difference among EALs. The percentage of measurements falling within 0.5 mm of the actual canal lengths for each EAL were 95% and 90% for the E-PEX and Root ZX II respectively. McNemar’s test was used to compare between the two test methods for the percentage within 0.5 mm and revealed no significant difference (p = 0.32). Conclusion: The Root ZX II had an average measurement that was slightly closer to the actual length of the canal when compared to the E-PEX, while the E-PEX had a higher percentage of measurement within 0.5 mm of the apical foramen. However, these differences were not statistically significant.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as propriedades físico-químicas e citotoxicidade quatro cimentos endodônticos, com diferentes bases químicas, utilizados na rotina clínica do Cirurgião-dentista. Foram utilizados os cimentos AH Plus®, BioRoot RCS®, Endomethasone N® e Sealapex®. Foram realizados os testes físico-químicos de tempo de endurecimento, radiopacidade e escoamento, segundo a especificação nº 57 da ANSI/ADA (2012). Para o teste de citotoxicidade, foram coletadas amostras sanguíneas de seis doadores voluntários adultos, com idade entre 18 e 35 anos, de ambos os gêneros. Foi realizada a cultura de células primárias de linfócitos do sangue periférico humano em contato com o eluato dos cimentos obturadores, e a viabilidade celular foi analisada por meio do ensaio de MTT. Cada teste foi realizado em triplicata, tanto para propriedades físico-químicas como para o ensaio do MTT, sendo os resultados analisados empregando o programa GraphPad Prism 5®, por meio do teste Oneway ANOVA e pós-teste de Tukey, com nível de significância de 5%. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, tanto o AH Plus® quanto o BioRoot RCS® apresentaram tempo de endurecimento de 1450 minutos e 255 minutos, respectivamente; Endomethasone N® não tem tempo de endurecimento citado pelo fabricante, e Sealapex® não tomou presa no período do estudo (168 horas). Para o teste de radiopacidade, todos os materiais avaliados apresentaram radiopacidade acima de 3 mm alumínio, como recomendado pela especificação nº 57 da ANSI/ADA (2012). Para o teste de escoamento, segundo a ISO 6876:2012, um cimento endodôntico não deve apresentar um diâmetro inferior a 17 mm. Observamos a maior média para AH Plus® (39,68 mm), seguido em ordem decrescente por Sealapex® (35,73 mm), Endomethasone N® (34,22 mm) e BioRoot RCS® (23,81 mm). Quanto à viabilidade celular, Endomethasone N® foi citotóxico sobre os linfócitos em todas as concentrações (p<0,05). Sealapex® apresentou menor viabilidade celular na diluição de 1:32 (3,125mg/mL) (p<0,05). AH Plus® e BioRoot® não demonstrou citotoxicidade em nenhuma das concentrações avaliadas (p>0,05). Podemos concluir que todos os materiais avaliados atenderam aos parâmetros estabelecidos pela ANSI/ADA para os testes físico-químicos realizados. Além disso, o Endomethasone N® apresentou citotoxicidade sobre os linfócitos humanos, e os demais materiais analisados apresentaram viabilidade celular em níveis aceitáveis / The present study had as objective to evaluate the physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity of four root canal sealers with different chemical bases, used in the clinical routine of the Dentistry. The AH Plus®, BioRoot RCS®, Endomethasone N® and Sealapex® cements were used. The physicochemical tests of setting time, radiopacity and flowability were performed according to ANSI/ADA specification (nº 57). For the cytotoxicity test, blood samples were collected from six adult voluntary donors, aged 18-35 years, of both genders. Primary human lymphocyte cell cultures were placed in contact with the eluate from the plug cements, and cell viability was analyzed by the MTT assay. Each test was performed in triplicate, both for physicochemical properties and for the MTT assay. The results were analyzed using the GraphPad Prism 5® program, using the Oneway ANOVA test and Tukey\'s post-test, with a significance level of 5%. According to the results obtained, both AH Plus® and BioRoot RCS® presented setting time of 1450 minutes and 255 minutes, respectively; Endomethasone N® does not have setting time quoted by the manufacturer, and Sealapex® did not set in the study period (168 hours). For the radiopacity test, all evaluated materials had radiopacity above 3 mm aluminum, as recommended by the ANSI/ADA specification (nº 57). For the flow test, according to ISO 6876:2012, an endodontic cement must not have a diameter of less than 17mm. We observed the highest mean for AH Plus® (39.68 mm), followed in descending order by Sealapex® (35.73 mm), Endomethasone N® (34.22 mm) and BioRoot RCS® (23.81 mm). Regarding cell viability, Endomethasone N® was cytotoxic on lymphocytes at all concentrations (p <0.05). Sealapex® presented lower cell viability at 1:32 dilution (3.125 mg / mL) (p <0.05). AH Plus® and BioRoot® showed no cytotoxicity at any of the concentrations evaluated (p> 0.05). We can conclude that all materials evaluated met the parameters established by ANSI/ADA for the physicochemical tests performed. In addition, Endomethasone N® showed cytotoxicity on human lymphocytes, and the other materials analyzed presented cell viability at acceptable levels