Individuals who are highly identified with a sport team have a strong psychological connection with the team (Wann et al., 2001). Sport team identification can be beneficial to communities and individuals. It provides entertainment, helps form group affiliation, and improves self-esteem. Because team identification is important to people, they notice environmental cues related to the team. Individuals are more likely to attend to a stimulus that is liked or one that is familiar. When an individual has accessible attitudes toward an object, he or she is more likely to attend to and notice the object (Roskos-Ewoldsen & Fazio, 1992). The current study examined the relationship between sport team identification and attention. Participants (n = 31) were presented with 64 displays of college team logos, which were shown in sequential order. While viewing the displays, participants’ eye movements were monitored by the SR Research Eyelink II, an eye-tracking recording system. The participants then completed a questionnaire designed to determine their level of team identification with an indicated team. Higher scores on the questionnaire indicated a higher level of identification. The first hypothesis under study states that highly identified UK fans detect the UK logo faster than the UT logo when each logo appears without the other, whereas low identified UK fans detect both the UK and UT logos equally quickly when each logo appears without the other. A mixed-model ANOVA was conducted to examine the impact of set type on total time to identify the target. The ANOVA yielded no main effects or interactions. The second hypothesis under study states that highly identified UK fans detect the UT logo more slowly when the UK logo is present than the low identified UK fans. A mixed-model ANOVA was conducted to examine how distractible the UK logo was when detecting the UT logo. The ANOVA yielded no main effects or interactions.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-06-13Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:09:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro_ag_me_arafcf.pdf: 302009 bytes, checksum: c60147e9d132b7e3caf3c8f764b580c0 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / As leguminosas são consideradas uma das melhores fontes de proteína vegetal. O tremoço (Lupinus sp.), cultivado por cerca de 4000 anos, é uma leguminosa como a soja, feijão ou lentilha, que tem diversas espécies, sendo que as três mais plantadas são originárias da região do Mediterrâneo. Certas espécies de tremoço (Lupinus albus) apresentam cerca de 10% de energia dada pelo conteúdo de óleo e cerca de 40% de proteína, próximo aos valores encontrados na soja. A qualidade de vários alimentos pode ser aprimorada pela suplementação com leguminosas, onde o tremoço é um bom candidato para esta função incluindo melhor digestibilidade, maior conteúdo de fibras e bom rendimento em diferentes climas e solos. A realização de um trabalho utilizando tremoço doce (Lupinus albus) em forma de farinha para o desenvolvimento de um alimento tipo shake, que possui uma diversidade de trabalhos e pesquisas interessados no desenvolvimento de produtos nutritivos, versáteis e saborosos, estabelecendo as condições adequadas para sua formulação, torna-se interessante para ampliar as perspectivas de aproveitamento industrial do tremoço como suplemento alimentar (uma fonte protéica alternativa e de baixo custo) e promover uma inovação no mercado de alimentos. A formulação ainda contou com os ingredientes leite em pó integral e maltodextrina, cujas interações foram estudadas utilizando um delineamento experimental do tipo centroid simplex para modelagem de misturas. Os resultados da análise sensorial obtidos pela análise estatística da variância mostraram preferência (ordem crescente) pelas formulações que seguem: leite em pó integral e maltodextrina; leite em pó integral; maltodextrina; farinha decorticada e desengordurada de tremoço doce, leite em pó integral e maltodextrina... / Grain legumes are considered one of the best vegetable protein sources. Being cultivated for about 4000 years, lupin is a plant like soya, bean or lentil. There are several species of lupin; three of them most cultivated come from Mediterraneum. Some species of lupin (Lupinus albus) have about 10% of energy given by its oil content and about 40% of protein, similar to the values found in soya. The quality of several food products may be refined by vegetable supplementation being lupin a good candidate for this function. It includes a better digestibility, greater fiber content and good yield in both different climates and soils. An experiment using sweet lupin in form of flour in order to develop a kind of food called shake, which has a great variety of studies and researches interested in nutritional, versatile and tasteful products, establishing suitable conditions for their formulation, becomes interesting not only to enlarge the lupin industrial perspective use as food supplement (a low cost alternative protein source) but also to promote innovation in food market. Its formulation is still composed of whole milk powder and maltodextrin whose interactions were studied by utilizing experimental centroid simplex outlining for mixture modelling. Sensorial analysis results obtained by statistical analysis of variance showed preference (crescent order) to the following formulations: whole milk powder and maltodextrin; whole milk powder; maltodextrin; husky unfattened sweet lupin flour, whole milk powder and maltodextrin; husky unfattened sweet lupin flour and whole milk powder; husky unfattened sweet lupin flour and maltodextrin; husky unfattened sweet lupin flour.

The report deals with the experiences and results that arose during the development of the webapplication Bakkassen, a web shop where visitors can order pre-portioned ingredients to bread andpastries. The main objective of the report is to answer a question about how to design a usable andtrustworthy web application. A market plan and a survey was made to determine the target audienceand what features that should be implemented on the web application. The agile work methodologyScrum was used during the development and the work resulted in an easy understandable interfacewith colors chosen with care. The study shows an example of how a usable and trustworthy webapplication can be developed, but because of the limited scope of the study it is hard to draw anygeneral conclusions. / Rapporten behandlar de erfarenheter och resultat som uppkom under utvecklingen avwebbapplikationen Bakkassen, en e-butik där besökaren kan beställa hem portionsförpackadeingredienser till bröd och bakverk. Rapporten syftar till att besvara frågeställningen om hur enanvändbar och förtroendeingivande webbapplikation kan utformas. För att bestämma målgrupp ochvilka funktioner som skulle implementeras gjordes ett förarbete i form av marknadsplan ochenkätundersökning. Utvecklingen följde den agila utvecklingsmetodiken Scrum och resultatet var enwebbapplikationen vars struktur ämnade att underlätta för användaren genom ett lättöverskådligtgränssnitt och färger som valdes med omsorg. Studien visar ett exempel på hur en användbar ochförtroendeingivande webbapplikation kan utvecklas, men några generella slutsatser är svåra att drapå grund av studiens begränsade omfattning.

This research involves shake table testing of 1g scale models that mimic the coupled seismic response of a structure on a shallow mat foundation and foundation soil (known as soil-foundation-structural-interaction or SFSI). In previous research, SFSI effects have been quantified through analytical models, numerical analyses, and limited field data. This research works towards increasing the amount of empirical data through scale model shake table testing. A suite of earthquake time histories is considered in evaluating a nominal 10th scale soil-structure model using a flexible wall barrel on a 1-D shake table. San Francisco Young Bay Mud (YBM) is used as the prototype soil and long period narrow building as the prototype structure. Foundation embedment depth, fundamental mode of the structure, and seismic loading function are varied to generate a large database of SFSI results under controlled conditions. The foundation level response is compared to free-field responses to determine the magnitude of the SFSI. The results confirm the effects of foundation embedment on the peak ground motion and the spectral acceleration at the predominant period of the structure. The foundation level accelerations are deamplified compared to free-field results. Results also confirm the legitimacy of the testing platform and program by comparing the data to previous experimental study.

This thesis project was done at Öhlins Racing AB, one of the world leading manufacturers of suspension equipment for motorcycles and race cars. A big part of that development is to collect and analyse data from tests done on fitted motorcycles and cars. How that is usually done is that a motorcycle is fitted with sensors and sent with a test driver around a track. Some adjustments are done on the suspension and then it's sent out again. This can be a very time-consuming process and the rider habits, weather changes and other uncontrollable effects can have a disrupting effect on the results making the tests practically unrepeatable. To be able to place a motorcycle in a controlled environment is therefore desirable to complement the track tests. Öhlins want to be able to use the shake-rig they already have at their facility in Jönköping for motorcycles as well as cars. It was the goal of this thesis project to take the first steps towards that happening. This report describes the process of designing such a support fixture. The goal of the thesis was to find a way to put a complete motorcycle (with rider) on a two post test-rig. This will require a contraption that prevents the motorcycle from falling off it. A comparative study was made with a simulation model to figure out which one of the concepts drawn up would perform the best. The winning concept was a telescopic swing-arm designed to extend from a mounting point on the motorcycle backwards to a foundation standing on the floor behind the bike. Considerable attention was paid to design a good connection to the motorcycle to which various types and makes of bikes could be mounted. The result was a support fixture made of almost exclusively aluminium with telescopic swing arms and a robust connection module to connect to a motorcycle’s peg-mount. The connection module can account for misalignment issues between the peg-mounts and with the use of washers and spacers it is fully adaptable to almost all sorts of bikes. / Detta examensarbete har utförts på Öhlins Racing AB, en av de världsledande tillverkarna av stötdämpare och hjulupphängningar för motorcyklar och racebilar. En stor del av utvecklingen är uppsamling och analys av testdata. Det utförs genom att man bestyckar en motorcykel med sensorer och skickar ut på en testbana. Sen ändrar man inställningar och upprepar testen. Det kan vara en tidskrävande process samtidigt som förarens vana, väder och andra okontrollerade element har avsevärd effekt på resultaten. Detta gör att tester som dessa är svårt att upprepa i praktiken och därför är det önskvärt att placera motorcykeln i en kontrollerad miljö för att komplementera bantesten. Öhlins vill ha möjlighet att använda skakriggen de har i deras anläggning i Jönköping för motorcyklar såväl som för bilar. Det var utmaningen i det här exjobbet att ta de första stegen åt det målet. Rapporten beskriver konstruktionsprocessen för en sådan fixtur. Målet med detta examensarbete var således att hitta ett lämpligt sätt att fixera en motorcykel och dess förare på en skakrigg. Det kräver en apparat som håller motorcykeln upprätt och inte tillåter att den ramlar av. En komparativ studie utfördes för att utvärdera vilket av framtagna koncept som skulle ge bäst resultat. Det valdes att fortsätta med ett koncept där en teleskopisk arm skulle sträckas bakåt från en kontaktpunkt på motorcykeln till ett fundament monterat på golvet bakom motorcykeln. En stor del av arbetet gick ut på att konstruera ett bra inkopplingssystem till motorcykeln mot vilket många olika varianter av motorcyklar kunde kopplas mot. Resultatet blev en fixtur bestående nästan enbart av aluminium, med teleskopiska armar och ett robust inkopplingssystem, kopplade mot motorcykelns fotpinnfästen. Modulen kan övervinna inriktningsproblem mellan fästen och med avståndsbrickor kan den vara kopplad till nästan alla sorters motorcyklar.

Solubility is the amount of solute in the solvent system at phase equilibrium with certain temperature and pressure. Many of the new chemical entities are lipophilic molecules that require techniques to enhance solubility. Solubility enhancement can be achieved by either physical and/or chemical modification of the drug. Various techniques are available for solubility enhancement of poorly soluble drugs include particle size reduction, salt formation, solid dispersions, use of surfactants, prodrug, crystal modification, etc. In this study, the three model drugs belong to BCS class II and IV having low solubility with a certain range of physicochemical properties were studies in solubility enhancement using fusion method, co-precipitation, nano-milling and spray drying techniques. The two different polymers employed for solubility enhancement are PEG 8000 and PVP 40,000. Solubility was determined by Shake Flask method at the temperature of 37±0.1 °C. The objective is to investigate the enhancement of solubility of the three model drugs namely Glipizide, Carvedilol and Furosemide in 1:1, 1:5 and 1:10 drug-polymer ratios and are characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The Solubility of Glipizide was enhanced from 11.18 ± 1.78 µg/ml to 35.73 ± 0.04 µg/ml by 219 % increase with nano-milling technique at 1:5 ratio with PEG 8000 as carrier whereas with PVP 40000 as carrier, 286 % increase in solubility to 43.26 ± 7.87 µg/ml was observed at 1:1 ratio by fusion method. The solubility of Carvedilol was enhanced from 5.04 ± 0.55 µg/ml to 17.51 ± 0.94 µg/ml by 246 % at 1:5 ratio by fusion method with PEG8000 as carrier and 2924 % enhancement in solubility to 152.70 ± 9.09 µg/ml at 1:10 ratio by nano-milling with PVP40000 as the carrier. Furosemide showed an increase in solubility from 55.94 ± 2.48 µg/ml to 164.11 ± 9.18 µg/ml by 193 % at 1:10 ratio by nano-milling technique with PEG8000 as carrier whereas with PVP40000 as carrier, 444 % increase was observed at 1:1 ratio by nano-milling technique with solubility of 304.52 ± 23.11 µg/ml. The data showed that the decrease in percentage crystallinity and enthalpy of fusion of the model drugs upon implementing solubility enhancement techniques with the effect of particle size and the carrier used resulted in the increase of aqueous solubility of the model drugs.

Among the biggest challenges in the development of VR has been creating an overall sense of immersion and presence as well as finding methods to reduce cybersickness. These aspects have been major obstacles to the widespread adoption of virtual reality since its existence. Research has shown that various camera techniques have been investigated to reduce cybersickness and enhance the immersive experience in VR. Hence, camera settings are an important tool when it comes to reducing cybersickness as well as creating a sense of immersion in VR. This study aims to determine what effect that lock onboard camera to horizon setting can have on players of VR racing games in terms of the player's sense of immersion and potential for cybersickness. It relies on an experiment with the lock onboard camera setting enabled and disabled utilizing the VR racing game Assetto Corsa. The data collection involved a mix methodology of questionnaires as well as interviews and included a Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire (MSSQ) and Cybersickness VR Questionnaire (CSQ-VR). The research results do not provide the definitive information on which camera was better to use. However, the difference was relatively minimal, even though the locked camera had demonstrated better results in terms of cybersickness intensity. All of the results suggest that immersion is highly subjective and a matter of personal preference, as indicated by all of the findings.

Crystallizing RNA has been an imperative facet and a challenging task in the world of RNA research. Assistive methods such as Chaperone Assisted RNA Crystallography (CARC), employing monoclonal antibody fragments (Fabs) as crystallization chaperones have enabled us to obtain RNA crystal structures by increasing the crystal contacts and providing initial phasing information. Using this technology the crystal structure of [delta]C209 P4-P6 RNA (an independent folding domain of the self-splicing Tetrahymena group I intron) complexed to Fab2 (high affinity binding Fab) has been resolved to 1.95 Å (1). Although the complexed class I ligase ribozyme has also been crystallized using CARC (2), in practice, it has been found that the crystallization of, large RNA-Fab complex remains a confrontation. The possible reason for this difficulty is that Fabs have not been optimized for crystallization when complexed with RNA. Here we have used the Surface Entropy Reduction technique (SER) for the optimization process. Candidate residues for mutations were identified based on combining results from visual inspection of [delta]C209 P4-P6/Fab2 crystal structure complex using pyMOL software and a web-based SER software. The protruding lysine and glutamate residues were mutated to a set of alanine (Super Mutant Alanine SMA) and serine (Super Mutant Serine SMS) mutant clones. Filter binding assay studies confirmed that the mutant clones bind to [delta]C209 P4-P6 with similar binding affinities as that of the parent Fab2. Large scale expression of the mutants, parent clone and [delta]C209 P4-P6 RNA were optimised. Crystal trays for [delta]C209 P4-P6 complexed with Fab2, Fab2SMA and Fab2SMS were set-up side-by-side using Hampton crystal screen kits and ~600 conditions including temperature as a variable condition were screened. Crystal screening shows significantly higher crystal-forming ratios for the mutant complexes. As the chosen SER residues are far away from the CDR regions of the Fab, the same set of mutations can be potentially applied to other Fabs binding to a variety of ribozymes and riboswitches to improve the crystallizability of the Fab-RNA complex.

Real-time structural health monitoring is a well established tool for post-earthquake damage estimation. A key component in the monitoring campaign is the approach used for processing the data from the structural health monitoring system. There is a large body of literature on signal processing approaches aimed at identifying ground-motion induced damage in civil engineering structures. This dissertation expands on a specific subgroup of processing approaches dealing with the identification of damage induced high-frequency transients in the monitoring data. The underlying intuition guiding the current research can be formulated in the following hypothesis - the time difference between the occurrence of a high-frequency transient and the closest deformation extremum forward in time is proportional to the degree of damage. A mathematical deduction is provided in support of the above hypothesis followed by a set of shaking table tests. For the purposes of this research two shaking table tests of reinforced concrete bridge piers were performed. Data from a shaking table test performed by another research group was also analyzed. The cases in which the proposed procedure could find a practical application are examined along with the present limitations.

A 53 year-old male presented with a one-day history of a swollen arm and dull, aching pain in the right upper extremity. The patient reported commencing exercising daily over the prior week with a modified, oscillating dumbbell; commonly referred to as a Shake Weight. Imaging revealed an occlusive thrombus in the right axillary, proximal brachial and basilic veins. The patient was treated with a 24-hour tPA infusion followed by mechanical thrombectomy, balloon angioplasty, and stent placement for a residual thrombus and stenosis. The patient was discharged the following day on warfarin and aspirin. This is the first report of effort-induced thrombosis of the upper extremity following the use of a modified, oscillating dumbbell. Due to the growing popularity of modified dumbbells and the possible risk for axillary vein thrombosis, consideration should be made to caution consumers of this potential complication.