International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1998 / Town & Country Resort Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / Optical trackers are often used at the Air Force Flight Test Center (AFFTC) and at other Department of Defense (DoD) ranges to collect video and trajectory data for real-time display and postflight processing. When optical trackers are used in remote areas, pointing data from radar is utilized to enable the trackers to initially acquire targets. To enable the trackers to use radar-pointing data, offsets to true north must first be known. This offset is taken into account given the current position of the optical tracker. During postflight processing, when determining the trajectory of the target, the offsets are also taken into account to produce an accurate trajectory solution. Current methods of determining offsets to true north are time consuming and involve a lot of guesswork. Typically, a map and a known landmark are used to determine the offsets to true north. Another method is to look for the North Star (Polaris) and input an estimated offset. This paper will describe an inexpensive, stand-alone system that utilizes the Global Positioning System (GPS) to determine these offsets. This device may be modified and integrated with other systems that may need to point accurately. For example, a gun barrel on a tank may need to point accurately to within a degree. This device may also be used to accurately position telemetry antennas.

Designingenjörsstudenterna Kajsa Phalén och Emelie Lövgren Berg på Högskolan i Skövde har under våren 2016 arbetat med ett produktutvecklingsprojekt i samverkan med leksaksföretaget Strawbees. Företaget vill börja sälja sina kreativa leksaker i butik och vill därför utveckla ett säljande displayställ som ska bära produkterna. En grundläggande förstudie har gjorts för att definiera en målgrupp som består av kunder och andra intressenter. Förstudien täcker också marknadsförings-strategier i butik och undersökningar som gjorts för att öka förståelsen för målgruppens behov. Marknadsanalyser över konkurrenter gav inspiration från redan befintliga lösningar på problemet och kollage över färgkoder och formspråk gav resultatet den känsla som företaget vill förmedla. Antalet produkter displaystället skulle bära hade stort fokus för starten av konceptgenereringen och kombinationer av hur produkterna kan placeras lade grunden för displayställets utformning. Genom analyser kring hur konkurrenter löst visuell design för displayställ skapades visuella teman. De framtagna utformningarna ihop med visuella teman och den känsla som företaget vill förmedla skapade sedan olika koncept. De vidareutvecklade koncepten analyserades efter hur de passade in i dess rätta miljö, en leksaksbutik. Utefter upptäckta brister kunde antalet koncept begränsas till enbart två stycken som senare blev prototyper. Dessa prototyper testades i verklig storlek ihop med de produkter som displaystället skulle rymma. Ett koncept kunde därefter bestämmas och vidareutvecklas i detaljform för att på bästa sätt nå upp till krav och önskemål. / During spring 2016, the engineering students Kajsa Phalén and Emelie Lövgren Berg, at the University of Skövde, developed a product in cooperation with the toy company Strawbees. The company wants to sell their creative toys in stores and therefore wants to develop a sales display stand that will carry the products. A basic feasibility study has been done to define a target group of customers and other stakeholders. The feasibility study also covers marketing strategies in shops and studies were carried out to increase understanding of the target group needs. Market analysis of competitors gave inspiration from existing solutions of the problem and a collage over color codes and idioms gave the result the feeling that the company wants to convey. The number of products that the display stand would wear was a major focus in the beginning of the concept generation. Combinations of how the products can be placed laid the foundation for the design of the display stand. Through analysis of how competitors solved the visual design for the display stand some visual themes were created. The developed designs together with visual themes and the feeling that the company wants to convey created various concepts. The new concepts were analyzed for how they would fit into its natural environment, a toy store. Because of some shortcomings the number of concept could be limited to only two, who later became prototypes. These prototypes were tested in real size together with the products that the display stand would accommodate. A concept could then be determined and developed in detail as to the best way to reach up to the demands and wishes of the company.

In 2012, the fatal shooting of Trayvon Martin brought national attention to Florida’s Stand Your Ground (SYG) law. As of 2012, more than 20 states have enacted SYG laws. Previous studies suggest that these laws increase homicide, particularly justifiable homicide. However, these studies ignore race and/or gender. This study seeks to fill this gap in the literature by examining the effect of SYG laws on the number of homicide and justifiable homicide victims and offenders of a given race or gender. Using data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Supplementary Homicide Reports between 2000 and 2012, we create a generalized least squares model with random and fixed effects and controls for time-varying state effects and year fixed effects to empirically examine this impact. We find that while SYG laws have no effect on the number of homicide victims or offenders of any race or gender, they significantly increase the number of black and male justifiable homicide victims by 32 percent and 26 percent respectively and the number of white and female justifiable homicide offenders by 34 and 25 percent respectively. These findings suggest that, in terms of justifiable homicide, SYG laws differentially affect racial and gender groups.

12 pp. / Pine Bark Beetles, THE PIÑON IPS BARK BEETLE, FIREWOOD AND BARK BEETLES IN THE SOUTHWEST, USING INSECTICIDES TO PREVENT BARK BEETLE ATTACKS ON CONIFERS, GUIDELINES FOR THINNING PONDEROSA PINE FOR IMPROVED FOREST HEALTH AND FIRE PREVENTION / Various techniques to reduce brood production of Ips and Dendroctonus spp. in ponderosa pine slash are discussed.

This thesis is a socio-cultural study of the development of female stand-up comedy in the first decade of the twenty-first century within a multi-racial and multi-cultural Britain. It also engages with the theory and practice of performance and asks the question: ‘In what ways can it be said that female stand-up comics perform the comic side of bodily abjection?’ This question is applied to three groups of female case-studies which include: those who came into stand-up comedy in the 1980s; second-generation transnationals who became established at the end of the twentieth century; and twenty-first century newcomers to stand-up comedy. This third group also includes the author of this thesis who uses her own embodied experience as research, and Lynne Parker whose Funny Women organization was set up in 2002 to facilitate female entry into stand-up comedy. Alongside these three groups the subject of females as audience of female stand-up comedy is also explored. The issue of bodily abjection is explored in relation to seminal works on abjection by Julia Kristeva (1982) and Mary Douglas (1966) and regarding theories of the grotesque as posited by Mikhail Bakhtin (1984) and Mary Russo (1995). These texts are used in this thesis to argue that abjection is a significant aspect of both the context and content of contemporary female stand-up comedy and that the orifices, surfaces and processes of the body are still pertinent to twenty-first century female stand-up comedy.

Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka hur stand up - komedi beskrivs, görs och förstås ur kvinnliga komikers perspektiv. Utifrån kulturantropologiska, kommunikationsteoretiska och genusteoretiska perspektiv söker uppsatsen ta reda på vad som kommuniceras med ett stand up- framträdande, om tankar kring hur det är att utöva stand up som kvinna och om det finns en egen ”kvinnlig humor”.

Evaluations of the Georgia Court Competency Test - Mississippi Version Revised (GCCT-MSH) and the Competency Screening Test (CST) have supported their use with pretrial defendants. The present study evaluated the efficacy of the measures with an inpatient population. Both measures were factor analyzed in an attempt to replicate; previously identified factor structures. Neither factor structure was replicated however, a distinct factor structure was identified for the GCCT-MSH. In addition, the relationship between sociodemographic variables, clinical variables, current symptomatology, and competency status were evaluated using discriminant functions analyses. The results suggest that the best predictors of incompetency in this sample are a diagnosis of a psychotic disorder or a non-psychotic affective disorder and a low measured IQ. Current symptomatology, as measured by the SCL-90-R, was not an effective predictor of competency status in this sample.

Propõe-se aqui uma metodologia de projeto aero-termo-estrutural de motores foguete a propelente sólido. O projeto de um motor foguete deve ser realizado com o objetivo de cumprir requisitos de uma missão. Para cada veículo espacial, com uma nova missão, um novo motor pode ser projetado, necessitando para isso de uma série de ferramentas robustas, capazes de compreender todas as combinações de esforços existentes no funcionamento de um motor, sob condições de altas pressões e temperaturas. A metodologia aqui proposta é testada e validada em bancada de ensaios desenvolvida para este fim. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a metodologia utilizada se aproxima bastante dos resultados teóricos e pode ser ajustada por coeficientes de eficiência com grande facilidade. / It is proposed here an aero-thermo-structural design methodology for solid propellant rocket motors. The design of a rocket motor must be carried out in order to fulfill requirements of a mission. For each new space vehicle, with a new mission, a new motor can be designed, requiring for it a variety of robust tools, able to comprise all combinations of load existing in the operation of a motor under high pressures and temperatures. The methodology proposed here is tested and validated in bank of tests developed for this purpose. The results show that the methodology is very close to the theoretical results and can be adjusted by coefficients of efficiency with great ease.

Remotely located and sparsely populated areas often do not have access to an efficient grid connection for electricity supply. However, plenty of biomass is normally available in such areas. Instead of employing island solutions such as small diesel generators or large battery stacks for power provision, a flexibly operating microscale biomass power plant using locally available and renewable feedstock is not only an efficient way of providing those areas with competitive and reliable electricity, but also a step towards energy self sufficiency for a large share of areas worldwide, and towards mitigating the looming high costs of grid infrastructure upgrading and extension. A novel power plant design combining thermo chemical and biochemical biomass treatment was developed in this research. This system consists of a small scale gasifier and an anaerobic digester unit, both coupled to a gas storage system and a micro turbine as the generation unit. This design is suitable to continuously provide reliable electricity and accommodate fluctuating residential power demand, and it can be scaled to a level of around 100kWe, which is a fitting size for a group of residential customers, such as in a remote village. The project covers a review of available technology; the choice of suitable technology for such a plant and the design of the system; the set up of a detailed plant model in chemical engineering software; extensive simulation studies on the basis of load profiles to evaluate and optimise operation; and feedstock sourcing, efficiency and economic analyses. It will be shown that such a system is a feasible and economic solution for remote power supply, and that it can overcome many of the current obstacles of electrifying rural regions.

One of the largest challenges humanity faces today is reducing CO₂-emissions to mitigate climate change. Part of the solution might be to increase the use of wood products. To do this, the efficiency of forestry has to be improved. In Sweden, a large obstacle for improving the efficiency of forestry is moose, or rather the damages its browsing causes on Scots pine. The aim of this study was to investigate how stand size and stand isolation affects the intensity of moose browsing damage on Scots pine. In addition, effects from tree density, stand age, and interactions between the different factors were investigated. This was done by using data from forest companies and field data collected from 29 Scots pine stands in central Sweden. The data were analysed in a multiple regression analysis, selecting the model that best explained variation in browsing damage. Results show that browsing damage was lower in more isolated stands. Stand size, however, did not have an effect on browsing damage. The factors stand age and Scots pine density had positive effects on the amount of browsing damage, but effects from stand age decreased with increasing pine density. In total, 77% of the variance in browsing damage was explained by the best model. In order to decrease browsing damage on Scots pine, I suggest that land owners take coordinated action to avoid creating large areas of young pine stands within the same area.