Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Univ., 2006. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph.D.)-- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Animal Sciences,1983. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 198-259).

Thesis--Auburn University, 2009. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1992. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 57-62). Also available via the Internet.

O fato de esteróides de plantas apresentarem tanto funções fisiológicas quanto ecológicas, talvez tenha sido fator limitante de seu uso em quimiossistemática. Até hoje, os trabalhos do nosso grupo têm se restringido a marcadores com apenas funções ecológicas. Neste trabalho, utilizamos esteróides como marcadores quimiossistemáticos, com o intuito de descobrir se eles poderiam ser analisados com a metodologia usual desenvolvida por nosso grupo. Devido à ampla distribuição dessas moléculas, limitamos o trabalho a angiospermas. Inicialmente, realizamos um levantamento bibliográfico no Chemical Abstracts (até dezembro de 1986) e, em uma segunda etapa, codificamos e armazenamos os dados em um microcomputador IBM-PC. A presença de alguns esteróis (campesterol, sitosterol, colesterol e estigmasterol) em praticamente todos organismos, levou-nos a eliminar deste trabalho esse grupo de substâncias, pois características imutáveis não têm valor quimiossistemático. Baseados em semelhanças estruturais, separamos os esteródes em oito tipos, a saber: esteróides, brassinolídeos, ecdisonas, sapogeninas, witanolídeos, pregnanos, cardenolídeos e bufodienolídeos. Esta classificação foi legitimada por análises estatísticas (testes não-paramétricos). Os índices de oxidação e especialização de esqueleto (metodologia do nosso grupo) não revelaram muitas diferenças dentro de cada tipo esteroidal. De um modo geral, estes tipos esteroidais apresentam-se predominantemente distribuídos em certos grupos de angiospermas. Este é, por exemplo, o caso das ecdisonas em Caryophyllales e Lamiales, dos witanolídeos em Solanales e, dos cardenolídeos e pregnanos em Gentianales. Por outro lado, enquanto superordens, como Magnoliiflorae, apresentam apenas esteróis (tipo menos oxidado e menos especializado), outras superordens, como Ranunculiflorae, Solaniflorae e Liliiflorae, apresentam uma fantástica diversidade de tipos. As monocotiledôneas se caracterizam pela presença de saponinas, e os outros tipos (exceto esteróis) aparecem com distribuição esparsa. Comparando nossos dados com os de pteridófitas gimnospermas (apenas esteróis e ecdisonas), podemos concluir que a diversidade dessa classe de micromoléculas em angiospermas coloca os esteróides na posição de uma característica evoluída de plantas. / Plant steroids perform not only ecological, but also physiological functions. Hence it was thought a priori that their use as chemosystematic markers should be of doubtful value. The present work aimed to evaluate the correctness of this concept. In view of the vast natural distribution of steroids we restricted our efforts to the angiosperms. Initially we undertook a literature survey in Chemical Abstracts (up to 1986) and then we codified and stored the data in a microcomputer IBM-PC. Some of the steroids (campesterol, colesterol, sitosterol and stigmasterol) occur practically in alI organisms. Since constant characters are of little systematic value, such compounds were omitted from our study. According to structural analogies we separated plant steroids in eight types: simple steroids, brassinolides, ecdysons, sapogenins, withanolides, pregnanes, cardenolides and bufodienolides. This classification was authenticated by statistical analyses (non parametric tests).The skeletal speciaIizations and the oxidation levels (according to methodology developed by our group) did not differ greatly wthin each steroidal group. However the general distribution of steroids in angiosperms is quite selective. This is the case e.g. for ecdysons in Caryophyllales and Lamiales. On the other hand, while superordens such as Magnoliiflorea are characterized only by steroids (the least specialized and oxygenated type), other superordens such as Ranunculiflorae, Solaniflorae and Liliiflorae are characterized by a very considerable number of types. The monocotyledons contain chiefly saponins, other types (except steroids) appearing more sparsly distributed. In contrast to angiosperms pteridophytes and gymnosperms posses only few steroidal types (simple steroids and ecdysons). Hence diversity of this micromolecular class is an indication of phylogenetic advance in the plant kingdom.

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In the case of Parkinson’s disease, a common neurodegenerative disorder, the loss of motor function results from the selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in the brain. Current treatments focus on pharmacological approaches that lose effectiveness over time and produce unwanted side effects. A more complete concept of rehabilitation to improve on current treatments requires the production of DNs to replace those that have been lost. Although pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are a promising candidate for the source of these replacement neurons, current protocols for the terminal differentiation of DNs require a complicated cocktail of factors. Recently, a naturally occurring steroid called guggulsterone has been shown to be an effective terminal differentiator of DNs and can simplify the method for the production of such neurons. I therefore investigated the potential of long-term guggulsterone release from drug delivery particles in order to provide a proof of concept for producing DNs in a more economical and effective way. Throughout my study I was able to successfully encapsulate guggulsterone in Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL)-based microspheres and I showed that the drug was capable of being released over 44 days in vitro. These guggulsterone-releasing microspheres were also successfully incorporated in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neural aggregates (NAs), providing the foundation to continue investigating their effectiveness in producing functional and mature DNs. Together, these data suggest that guggulsterone delivery from microspheres may be a promising approach for improving the production of implantable DNs from hiPSCs. / Graduate

No description available.

My diploma thesis deals with doping and is specially focused on anabolic steroids. It was written in response to § 288 Criminal code, which newly describes production and other handling with hormonal effect as a delict in order to reduce the number of users, both among proffesional and among recreational sportsmen. It shows that sport federations have enough instruments to be able to face doping and that the newly adopted legal ragulation has a negative impact on human health, which is inconsistent with the reasons for which it was adopted.