Sekundär traumatisk stress definieras som ett psykiskt tillstånd som uppstår när en individ berörs av en annan individs trauma. Syftet med föreliggande studie var attundersöka socialarbetares kunskap och erfarenheter av sekundär traumatisk stress bland familjehemsföräldrar. Därtill ämnade studien utforska vilken generell kunskap socialarbetare har om sekundär traumatisk stress, vilken förekomst av sekundär traumatisk stress som socialarbetare som arbetar med familjehem ansåg att det fannsbland familjehemsföräldrar samt vilka metoder och potentiella strategier socialarbetare har för att bemöta sekundär traumatisk stress bland familjehemsföräldrar. Studien har en kvantitativ ansats för att samla in data från socialarbetare i Värmlands och Örebro län. Studiens resultat visade att en majoritet av de tillfrågade socialarbetarna: (1) Var bekanta med termen sekundär traumatisk stress. (2) Ansåg att familjehemsföräldrar riskerade att drabbas av sekundär traumatisk stress. (3) Använde vissa strategier och metoder för att bemöta sekundär traumatisk stress hos familjehemsföräldrar, men att majoriteten saknade en empiriskt beprövad metod. / Secondary traumatic stress is defined as the emotional distress that occurs when an individual learns about another individual's trauma. The aim of this research was to investigate what knowledge and experiences social workers have about secondary traumatic stress among foster care parents. It also aims to explore what general knowledge social workers have about secondary traumatic stress, to what extent social workers perceive that secondary traumatic stress occurs among foster care parents and what methods and strategies social workers have for prevention and intervention. The research design uses a quantitative approach to collect data from social workers in the Swedish counties of Värmland and Örebro.The findings of the study were that most of the social workers in the study: (1) Were familiar with the term secondary traumatic stress. (2) Thought that foster care parents were at risk of being affected by secondary traumatic stress. (3) Used certain strategies and methods for prevention and intervention, but that the majority lacked an empirically tested and approved method.

The intent of this thesis was to examine compassion fatigue in nurses through analysis of research studies conducted within the past five years in an effort to identify predisposing factors to the experience of compassion fatigue. Individual and institutional factors were identified as well as current strategies to assist with management of compassion fatigue. Findings indicated that being new to practice, having a trait negative affect, being younger in age, having a history of exposure to trauma and working in high emotionally stressful units predisposed individuals to the experience of compassion fatigue. Institutional factors included a lack of managerial support, organizational commitment, group cohesion, work engagement and conflicting expectations of the nurse. Institutional interventions to assist in mitigating compassion fatigue include improving managerial support, developing group cohesion and communication and providing continuing education opportunities. Institutions can also assist by offering training in resiliency techniques such as negative thought pattern identification, meditation, peer-to-peer discussions, journaling about traumatic experiences, identification and maintenance of personal/professional boundaries and physical wellness through exercise and yoga. These proposed interventions address institutional accountability in health care worker wellness as defined by the quadruple aim. Such interventions also address use of Watson’s Caring Theory to emphasize the importance of nurse wellness as essential to creating caring nurse-patient relationships.

Paramedics are exposed to high levels of stress and trauma in their working environment. Research has its focus on the coping mechanisms and trauma incidents escalating into Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. This study examines the paramedics’ working environment in relation to the help available, and suggests a pastoral counselling method which may be utilized as an effective method of assisting in the coping process and prevention of PTSD. Emergency Medical Services as a helping profession is mainly concerned with the welfare of their patients. This study has its focus on helping the helper, with the main focus on assisting the paramedic to cope with his working environment. Implications of the research include kerugmatik counselling and narrative therapy, incorporated in a pastoral counselling method to assist the paramedic with the healing process. The main findings were that stress and coping of the paramedic in his working environment was a reality which was often overlooked, as these paramedics had their focus on caring for their patients. In most cases there is help available, but the paramedic is hesitant to seek it out. Paramedics are mostly self-reliant in their coping mechanisms as their understanding and relationship with God and with the church had been damaged. The researcher followed the four tasks of practical theology as theoretical framework, as explained by Osmer: Descriptive-empirical Task – Priestly listening Interpretive Task – Sagely wisdom Normative Task – Prophetic discernment Pragmatic Task – Servant Leadership / Thesis (MA (Pastoral Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Paramedics are exposed to high levels of stress and trauma in their working environment. Research has its focus on the coping mechanisms and trauma incidents escalating into Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. This study examines the paramedics’ working environment in relation to the help available, and suggests a pastoral counselling method which may be utilized as an effective method of assisting in the coping process and prevention of PTSD. Emergency Medical Services as a helping profession is mainly concerned with the welfare of their patients. This study has its focus on helping the helper, with the main focus on assisting the paramedic to cope with his working environment. Implications of the research include kerugmatik counselling and narrative therapy, incorporated in a pastoral counselling method to assist the paramedic with the healing process. The main findings were that stress and coping of the paramedic in his working environment was a reality which was often overlooked, as these paramedics had their focus on caring for their patients. In most cases there is help available, but the paramedic is hesitant to seek it out. Paramedics are mostly self-reliant in their coping mechanisms as their understanding and relationship with God and with the church had been damaged. The researcher followed the four tasks of practical theology as theoretical framework, as explained by Osmer: Descriptive-empirical Task – Priestly listening Interpretive Task – Sagely wisdom Normative Task – Prophetic discernment Pragmatic Task – Servant Leadership / Thesis (MA (Pastoral Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Inledning: Behovet av traumabehandling till flyktingar har ökat. Psykoterapeuten blir vittne till berättelser som handlar om lidande, rädsla och smärta. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur psykoterapeuter upplever sitt arbete med behandling av krigs- och tortyrskadade flyktingar. Frågeställningar: 1. Hur upplever psykoterapeuter arbetet med krigs- och tortyrskadade flyktingar? 2. Använder sig psykoterapeuter av bemästringsstrategier för att hantera sina upplevelser i arbetet med krigs- och tortyrskadade flyktingar? Om så är fallet, vilka? Metod: Kvalitativ metod med fenomenologisk, deskriptiv ansats valdes. Fem psykoterapeuter som arbetar med krigs- och tortyrskadade flyktingar intervjuades. Resultat: Studiens resultat har en manifest del och en latent del. ”Att pendla mellan vanmakt och skapande förändring” är ett tema som representerar det underliggande, latenta budskapet, d.v.s. det som sägs ”mellan raderna” och representerar den röda tråd som finns i samtliga intervjuer. Det manifesta resultatet visar att terapeuterna upplever sitt arbete som ett privilegium och som betungande. Terapeuterna använder medvetna bemästringsstrategier för att hantera känslomässig stress. Diskussion: Terapeuternas beskrivning av sitt arbete med krigs- och tortyrskadade stämmer väl överens med tidigare forskning. Terapeuternas upplevelse av sitt arbete kan förstås genom begreppen motöverföring, projektiv identifikation, vikarierande traumatisering, sekundär traumatisk stress och posttraumatic growth. / Introduction: The need for trauma treatment for refugees has increased. The psychotherapist testifies to stories that concern suffering, fear and pain. The purpose of this study is to investigate how psychotherapists experience their work in dealing with war and torture injured refugees. Research questions: How do psychotherapists experience the work of war and torture injured refugees? Are psychotherapists using coping strategies to handle their experiences in the work of war and torture-injured refugees? If so, which? Method: Qualitative method with phenomenological, descriptive approach was chosen. Five psychotherapists working with war and torture injured refugees were interviewed. Results: ”Oscillating between powerlessness and creative change" is a theme that represents the underlying latent message, what is said "between the lines" and represents the red thread found in all the interviews. The manifest results show that the therapists experience their work as a privilege and as burdensome. The therapists use conscious coping strategies to deal with emotional stress. Discussion: The therapists' description of their work on war and torture injured is in line with previous research. Therapists' experience of their work can be understood by the concepts of transference, projective identification, vicarious traumatization, secondary traumatic stress and posttraumatic growth.

Som yrkesverksam inom sociala arbeten möter professionella tragiska människoöden och traumatiska berättelser. Utifrån återkommande exponering för dessa berättelser kan den yrkesverksamma i längden själv riskera drabbas av traumasymptom. Detta kallas för sekundär traumatisering, vilket i sin tur kan leda till utbrändhet och sjukskrivning. Studien undersöker hur chefer inom sociala verksamheter i Sverige anser att deras organisation kan förebygga sekundär traumatisering bland deras medarbetare. Studien utgår ifrån en kvalitativ, induktiv ansats där sju chefer från olika kommuner intervjuats genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjupersonerna valdes utifrån ett målinriktat, bekvämlighets- och snöbollsurval. I genomförd innehållsanalys framkom tre kategorier gällande hur sekundär traumatisering kan förebyggas: genom kunskap, en planerad organisationsstruktur samt via en öppen organisationskultur. Resultatet har sedan diskuterats utifrån tidigare forskning samt ur ett chefsperspektiv på krav-kontroll-stödmodellen. Studien konkluderar att chefer kan förebygga sekundär traumatisering. För det första genom att skapa en planerad organisationsstruktur, vilken möjliggör kontroll och stöd för medarbetarna. För det andra genom att uppmuntra en god organisationskultur som bidrar till högt socialt stöd. För det tredje genom att öka kunskapen om sekundär traumatisering, vilket fungerar som ett skydd gentemot sekundär traumatisering. Dessutom dras slutsatsen att cheferna kan använda krav-kontroll-stödmodellen som ett verktyg i sitt förebyggande arbete mot sekundär traumatisering. / Professionals within social work encounter tragic human fates and traumatic stories. Due to recurring exposure of traumatic stories it is possible for professionals to risk suffering from trauma symptoms. This is called secondary traumatisation, which can result in burnout and sick leave. The thesis investigates how managers within the social sector in Sweden find that they can prevent secondary traumatisation among their employees. The study is based on a qualitative, inductive approach where interviews with seven managers from different municipalities where conducted. The interviewees were selected based on target sampling, convenience sampling, as well as snowball sampling. In the content analysis three categories regarding how secondary traumatisation can be prevented was discovered: through knowledge, a planned organisational structure and through an open organisational culture. The result has been discussed based on existing research as well as from a manager’s perspective on the demand-control-support model. The findings conclude that managers can prevent secondary traumatisation. Fist, by creating a planned organisational structure, which enable control and support for employees. Second, by encouraging a good organisational culture, which contribute to high social support. Third, employees receive a form of protection from secondary traumatisation by increasing knowledge about the subject. Furthermore, the findings also conclude that managers can use the demand-control-support model as a tool in preventing secondary traumatisation.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.