This study examines how segregation affects the Andersberg area in Gävle municipality,  while also examining the socio-economic conditions of people living in the area. Questions  answered in this study are the following: What does segregation look like in Andersberg?  How does segregation in Andersberg affect socio-economic conditions? The topic is  interesting to read because it informs about how segregation can affect the vulnerable areas,  and how the segregation affects the socio-economic conditions in the area is investigated. The target groups that the work focuses on were people living in the area aged 18. The report is based on responses from the survey we conducted, which was both voluntary and  anonymous. In the survey, we gave the respondents the option to answer freely and get  several questions instead of having specific answer alternatives. The report also discusses  several aspects that are relevant to segregation, such as income, origin, class, and form of  housing, we also compiled the results and discussed them in collaboration with various  theories. One of the conclusions we have reached is that Andersberg is greatly affected by segregation. An example of this is that a large part of the area's inhabitants earn less than the rest of the municipality's average income. In addition, we have concluded that only groups with a foreign background choose to settle in the area, which leads to a more segregated area with residents with weak resources. The second conclusion is that the socio-economic conditions for the residents living in Andersberg are affected by segregation in the area, for example, a large proportion of residents live on benefits and a lot earn between SEK 0–8000.

Cette thèse porte sur l’étude des phénomènes de ségrégation urbaine, c’est à dire l’isolement à la fois social et spatial de certains groupes d’individus au sein des villes. Également, afin de caractériser les groupes d’individus et mesurer leur degré d’intégration sociale, cette thèse s’intéresse à la définition et à la mesure de l’identité, définie comme le sentiment que l’on a de soi. Dans un premier chapitre nous nous intéressons à une mesure de la ségrégation urbaine, en proposant une analyse théorique et empirique d’un indice de ségrégation économique sur une variable continue (les revenus) en France. Nous nous intéressons ensuite dans un second chapitre à l’intégration sociale des immigrés et enfants d’immigrés en France où l’identité ethnique des individus est une expression de cette intégration. Ce chapitre introduit un indice qui permet une mesure continue de l’identité ethnique et permet de capturer une certaine distance identitaire. Nous comparons cet indice à d’autres mesures usuelles de la littérature et étudions les déterminants socio-économiques de l’identité ethnique. Enfin, dans un troisième chapitre, nous nous intéressons aux effets de la ségrégation urbaine sur le degré de coopération et de confiance des individus. Il s’agit dans ce chapitre d’étudier l’impact que peut avoir le quartier de résidence d’un individu sur sa confiance aux autres. Pour cela, nous réalisons une étude expérimentale dans différents quartiers rennais auprès de collégiens de 3ème. / This thesis focuses on the study of urban segregation, ie the isolation both social and spatial of certain groups of individuals within cities. Also, to characterize groups of individuals and measure their degree of social integration, this thesis focuses on the definition and measurement of identity, defined as a person' sense of self. In the first chapter we focus on a measure of urban segregation, proposing a theoretical and empirical analysis of an index of Economic segregation on a continuous variable (the income) in France. We then are interested in a second chapter by the social integration of immigrants and children of immigrants in France where the ethnic identity of individuals is an expression of this integration. This chapter introduces an index that allows continuous measurement of ethnic identity and captures a certain distance in identity. We compare this index with other usual measures in the literature and study the socio-economic determinants of ethnic identity. Finally, in the third chapter, we focus on the effects of urban segregation in the degree of cooperation and trust of individuals. We study the potential impact of the neighborhood residency of a person on his trust . For this, we perform an experimental study in different schools in Rennes among teenagers.

"This thesis will deal with the problems of the development of segregation from the legal standpoint. It, therefore, will center around the development of legal means of controlling the Negro through separation of the races. Whenever possible a correlation between the methods used in Florida and the other southern states will be attempted. The main purpose of this correlation is to discover if Florida was in the van of the movement for the adoption of segregation laws"--Introduction. / Typescript. / "August, 1960." / "Submitted to the Graduate School of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts." / Advisor: Maurice M. Vance, Professor Directing Thesis. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-120).

"The Negro's Place" examines the relationship between public education and urban development in twentieth-century New Orleans, arguing that the expansion of segregated public schooling eroded two centuries of residential integration and contributed to the disparate development of white and black neighborhoods. The study challenges the popular concept of "white flight" as an explanation for metropolitan change by demonstrating that school segregation, as well as reaction to desegregation, divided urban and suburban space along racial lines. It also inverts prevailing scholarly interpretations of this transformation, which emphasize that public and private manipulation of the housing market created the racially distinct communities that promoted and sustained segregated schools. Additionally, the dissertation's examination of schools, race, and space underscores the extent to which Jim Crow continued to evolve through a dynamic, oftentimes improvisational process during the twentieth century. Finally, it demonstrates that, even as public schools became the sites of courtroom and neighborhood battles over desegregation, they continued to tighten racial inequality in ways that contemporary activists and observers did not always recognize. Most significantly, in the decades before and after World War II, segregated schools created structural inequalities in housing that impeded desegregation's capacity to promote racial justice. / acase@tulane.edu

This dissertation historicizes the formation of the school-prison nexus and its impact within the nation’s broader carceral landscape in the decades following the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown. It uses Boston as a case study to examine the fusion of law enforcement and educational policy during the postwar period. Through the legal contest over Boston Public School’s Code of Discipline in the early years of court-ordered desegregation, the project analyzes how these policies and the statistical discourses they perpetuated about Black criminality furthered the expansion of law enforcement, promoted punitive education reforms, diminished the democratic functions of schools, and facilitated untold numbers of students into under- and unemployment as well as the criminal justice system. In doing so, the work makes explicit the role of schools in spurring mass incarceration by implementing policies that unjustly targeted and punished Black youth.

The mass displacement of people is a global phenomenon, inherent in human nature and the needfor survival. Over the last 30 years, Greece became a destination country for differentpopulations. Although the last wave of displacement people, starting from 2015, found Greece inan unstable economic situation due to the economic crisis. Since 2015, Greece has been facingthe two types of crises: economic and refugee. The refugee crisis found Greece, like many otherEU countries, unprepared for the number of people that they received. As well, for Greece therefugee crisis can be viewed as a crisis of legitimacy and strategies.During the last five years, Greece made significant steps in the regulation of the refugeesituation, especially after the EU-Turkey agreement in March 2016, when Greece officiallybecame a country of destination from a transit country. However, the laws and ministerialdecisions instead of decreasing the residential segregation led to an increase of socialsegregation. This paradox can be observed in the case of the Athenian municipality.This paradox defined the starting point of this thesis and aimed for the investigation of spatialand social segregation in the center of Athens. To study this theme qualitative data werecollected for analysis, including, semi-structured interviews, analysis of official documents, andobservation.The funding of this thesis illustrates that Greece never lost its status as a transit country. And thatthe biggest challenge that Athenian municipality is facing is the integration of refugees in Greeksociety. The undeveloped integration section shows significant distancing between Greeks andrefugees.

For many observers - both inside and outside the country - South Africa’s bloodless transition from the minority white domination of the apartheid era to democracy represented a political miracle of no mean significance. An important difference between the period before 1994 and the subsequent period is that the old divisions into which society was compartmentalised - Whites, Blacks, Indians and Coloureds - have disappeared. In their place there is a more integrated society, albeit with multiple diversities. Theoretically, therefore, the contours and racially-based dividing lines which were artificially created by apartheid have ceased to exist. Practically, however, such divisions still persist - both at societal and at school levels. The reason for this is that the deep-seated distrust of the ‘other’ could not be wiped out overnight - nor could integration take place without deliberate state intervention. Thus, using an ethnographic case study research design, this thesis - Experiences of diversity in a South African Public School - contributes to the contemporary debate on desegregation, racial integration and cultural diversification of the learning environment. It traces the progress of a former Whites-only Afrikaans medium high school to determine the success or failure of the education department’s declared goal of ensuring racial integration at school level. The study concludes that contrary to the findings of other recent research projects on desegregation in South Africa, school integration and the social cohesion of learners are possible if a proper enabling environment is created. Undertaken at a specific school, the study does not claim that the findings are a trend in other schools as well, although that cannot be totally ruled out in schools similar to the one studied. Most learners at this school have, reasonably, crossed the racial divide and have realised that they cannot exist independently from one another anymore - even when this seems to contradict the expectations of their parents. / Thesis (PhD (Education Management, Law and Policy))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the work against segregation in preschool on a national and a local level. The method used is a content analysis of selected documents from the various discourses, at the national level letters from the Riksdag and the government which deal with segregation in society at large and in preschool. At the local level, various preschools' plans against discrimination and abusive treatment have been studied. The result is that there are strategies for avoiding and reducing segregation in preschool in the documents of both levels. The strategies from the national level are of a more comprehensive nature and also more general, while the plans at the local level describe the work for the individual preschools. The conclusions are that segregation exists to a very high degree in our society and risks increase if early efforts are not made and give results that reverse the segregation. Children are the biggest losers in segregation, so it is of the utmost importance to start working preventively against against segregation already in preschool. This is another challenge for educators to plan for, implement and evaluate. To be able to do this in the best way requires a good knowledge of what segregation is and what consequences it has in preschool and in society. This knowledge is achieved through further training for educators to increase their competence, but the most important of all is the open conversation, to dare to talk about segregation and what it entails for the impact on preschool and society and what we should do together to reduce it. / Sammanfattning Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka arbetet mot segregation i förskolan på ett nationellt och ett lokalt plan. Metoden som använts är en innehållsanalys på utvalda dokument från de olika nivåerna, på det nationella planet skrivelser från riksdag och regering vilka behandlar segregation i samhället i stort och i förskolan i synnerhet. På den lokala nivån har olika förskolors planer mot diskriminering och kränkande behandling studerats. Resultatet är att det finns strategier för att undvika och minska segregation i förskolan i de båda nivåernas dokument. Strategierna från det nationella planet är av mer omfattande karaktär och även mer generella, medan planerna på lokal nivå beskriver arbetet för de enskilda förskolorna. Segregation är ett problem i samhället och slutsatserna av min studie blir bland annat att det är barnen som är de största förlorarna i segregationen så därför är det av högsta vikt att börja arbeta förebyggande mot segregation redan i förskolan. Detta resulterar i implikationer för förskolan i form av det krävs gedigen kompetens hos pedagogerna samt god kunskap om vad segregation är och vilka konsekvenser det får i förskolan och i samhället. Resultaten i denna undersökning och den tidigare forskningen i ämnet stöder detta.

Denna studie hade till syfte att med en narrativ analysmetod studera interaktionen mellan hiphop-rapparen Petter och Stockholm City. De specifika frågorna som vi ville ha svar på i den här studien var hur Petter beskriver Stockholm som plats och som social struktur, hur hans inställning är till staden, hur detta påverkar individens livsstil och identitet, hur Petter beskriver sin relation till staden och hur detta kan förklaras genom tidigare forskning, vilka konsekvenser som Petter ser Stockholm har för honom och för andra som bor i den staden när det gäller etnicitet och sociospatiala faktorer. Metoden som användes i denna studie var en narrativ analys av 5 raptexter av Petter. Texterna analyserades och indelades i teman i enlighet med det som kallas tematisk analys, som är en form av narrativ analys. Resultaten visar att Petter beskriver Stockholm som en plats han älskar men också kritiserar hårt. Stadens sociala struktur beskrivs ur ett marxistiskt perspektiv. Denna studie visar också att Petter beskriver Stockholm som en plats som har sina fula och vackra sidor. Hans inställning till staden är ett slags hat-kärleksförhållande. Petter identifierar sig mycket med staden och detta sätt att identifiera sig med den lokala storstaden man bor i förklaras i teorin om urbanism, så resultaten backas upp av tidigare forskning. Resultaten visar också att Petter ser Stockholm som en plats som får människor att bete sig på vissa sätt, till exempel att göra människor materialistiska. Resultaten kopplades till teorin om urbanism och diskuterades. En intressant notering är att Petter inte till hundra procent faller i linje med förklaringen av urbanismteorin genom att han inte lägger någon större vikt, om alls, vid etnicitet eller sociospatiala faktorer. Han har mer av ett marxistiskt klassperspektiv, åtminstone i dessa 5 raptextlåtar som analyserades i denna studie. / This study had the purpose of studying, with a narrative analysis method, the interaction between the hiphop-rapper artist Petter and Stockholm City. The specific questions that we wanted answered in this study was how Petter describes Stockholm as a place and as a social structure, how his attitude is towards the city, how this effects the individual`s lifestyle and identity, how Petter describes his relationship with the city and how this can be explained through earlier research, what consequences Petter sees Stockholm has for him and for others who live in that city when it comes to ethnicity and sociospatial factors. The method used in this study was a narrative analysis of 5 rap texts of Petter. The texts were analyzed and divided into themes in accordance with what is called thematic analysis, which is a form of narrative analysis. The results show that Petter describes Stockholm as a place he loves but also heavily criticize. The social structure of the city is described from a Marxist perspective. This study also shows that Petter describes Stockholm as place that has it´s ugly and beautiful sides. His attitude towards the city is a kind of a love-hate relationship. Petter very much identifies with the city and this way of identifying with the local big city you live in is explained in the theory of urbanism, so the results are backed by earlier research. The results also show that Petter sees Stockholm as a place that makes people behave in certain ways, for example making people materialistic. The results were linked to the theory of urbanism and discussed. An interesting note is that Petter don´t onehundred percent fall in line with the explanation provided by the theory of urbanismin that he doesn’t put much emphasis, if at all, on etnicity or sociospatial factors. He has more of a Marxist class perspective, at least in these 5 rap text songs that were analyzed in this study.

One of the most present challenges within today's society is the growing residential segregation and how it can be mitigated and prevented. Increased residential segregation implicates social differences between individuals and unequal accessibility to resources and opportunities. Citizens are in many cases divided into geographical areas based on their socioeconomic level, and in a Swedish context the million housing program that emerged during the 1960s, have had a big effect on society in terms of segregation. This study has an approach based on Susan S. Fainstein's theory of the just city and her guidelines on how to promote justice within urban planning. The three core values that she means are necessary to achieve a just city, are equity, diversity and democracy, and will be permeated throughout the whole thesis. The theory is applied and compared to a case study of Motala municipality, to provide an understanding of how just planning practices are used within a municipality's work on residential segregation. By conducting document analysis and interviews, it appears that even though the just city theory is made for bigger cities, it can be applied in smaller contexts as well. In the end, all the criteria that aim for a just city could in one way or another be achieved.