It seems that for many people, spaces on the web are an integral part of their lives. This may include seeking out learning opportunities in online communities. There is plenty of buzz about these cyberspaces whether they are part of new social media configurations or commercialized product-related spaces cultivated by enterprises. It is important to explore how online spaces mayor may notcreate new locations of educational possibilities for workers. The subtle, and sometimes not so subtle, fusion of these technologies into work-learning practices warrants attention. This research project focuses on online communities as sites of learning, with an over-arching question of: How do self-employed workers experience informal work-related learning in an online community? Community can describe a gathering of people online that is organic and driven by a shared interest. These online spaces may also be purposefully nurtured by professional associations, workplaces, or businesses. This research project focuses on these spacesoutside the auspices of formal online courses. I draw on Actor Network Theory (ANT) to explore how work-learning is enacted in online communities and the implications of the intertwining of people and objects in multiple, fluid and distributed actor-networks. I also use the notion of legitimate peripheral participation from Situated Learning theory to explore how different possibilities for learning are shaped by locations and trajectories within a work practice and larger community of practitioners. Data was collected by interviewing 11 self-employed workers and then following the actors as objects of interest surfaced. This dissertation is a collection of five papers as well as introduction and conclusion chapters and a background chapter on ANT. Findings explore notions of online collectives shifting to more networked configurations, the complexity of work-learning practices unfolding in multiple spaces, contradictions between Web2.0 rhetoric and practices as different associations with knowledge and novel ways of knowing are enacted, and questions about the politics of technology that emerge from uncertainties around delegation, invisible practices, and necessary literacies. Given the need to pull objects out of the background and into critical inquiry, I also explored how a researcher interviews technology objects as participants in a study. / Adult Education

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Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-09-11T15:42:52Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Lorena de Sousa Brito - 2018.pdf: 1868414 bytes, checksum: a11b85a9c1a224332b1743a84d42f085 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-09-12T10:49:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Lorena de Sousa Brito - 2018.pdf: 1868414 bytes, checksum: a11b85a9c1a224332b1743a84d42f085 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-12T10:49:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Lorena de Sousa Brito - 2018.pdf: 1868414 bytes, checksum: a11b85a9c1a224332b1743a84d42f085 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-31 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / This dissertation has the main objective to analyze the possible existence of discrimination of the consumer against self-employed workers in Brazil. Assuming that the individuals most likely to suffer this type of discrimination are those who have more contact with customer in their work process (or who deal with image, success or beauty) a two-level visibility classification has been proposed. In this way, the self-employed were categorized by their skin color and degree of exposition of the occupation (or level of contact with the client), resulting in four comparison groups: high visibility caucasian, high visibility blacks and dark-skinned, low visibility caucasian and low visibility blacks and dark-skinned. The incomes were estimated for each of these groups through quantile regressions applied to the PNAD 2014 microdata. Subsequently, the quantum decomposition method was applied to income differentials to decompose on explained and unexplained components. The main results evidenced the presence of consumer discrimination, which is higher for individuals who have a high degree of contact with the customer. Other results show the predominance of black and dark-skinned individuals in low visibility functions. The distribution of caucasian presentes even greater average and variability than the distribution of non caucasian, a result that meets the theoretical model of consumer discrimination applied here. / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo principal analisar a eventual existência de discriminação do consumidor contra trabalhadores por conta própria no Brasil. Supondo que os indivíduos mais propensos a sofrer esse tipo de discriminação são aqueles que têm tem maior contato com clientes no seu processo de trabalho (ou que lidam com imagem, sucesso ou beleza) foi proposta uma classificação de visibilidade em dois níveis. Dessa forma, os trabalhadores por conta própria foram categorizados por cor e grau de visibilidade da ocupação (ou nível de contato com o cliente), resultando em quatro grupos de comparação: brancos de alta visibilidade, negros e pardos de alta visibilidade, brancos de baixa visibilidade e pretos e pardos de baixa visibilidade. Foram estimados rendimentos para cada um destes grupos através de regressões quantílicas aplicadas aos microdados da PNAD 2014. Posteriormente, foi empregado o método de decomposição quantílica aos diferenciais de rendimento para decompor em componentes explicado e não explicado. Os principais resultados evidenciam a presença de discriminação do consumidor, a qual é maior para os indivíduos que têm elevado grau de contato com o cliente. Outros resultados mostram a predominância de indivíduos pretos e pardos em funções de baixa visibilidade. A distribuição de rendimento dos brancos apresenta ainda maiores médias e maior variabilidade que a distribuição dos não brancos, resultado que vai ao encontro do modelo teórico de discriminação do consumidor aqui empregado.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Les chocs de santé ont des conséquences contrastées sur les trajectoires d’emploi, dépendant aussi bien de facteurs tenant à l’épidémiologie des maladies qu’à des facteurs d’organisation du marché du travail. Le cancer a ainsi des effets à la fois transitoires et durables sur la situation d’activité et d’emploi des personnes qui y survivent. Notre étude approfondie du cas des travailleurs indépendants montre qu’ils sont caractérisés par des réponses à la maladie les différentiant des travailleurs salariés dans la fréquence et la durée des arrêts-maladie mais également dans le processus de maintien à l’emploi. Certains de ces résultats sont réductibles à des traits de caractère des indépendants, comme leur attitude à l’encontre des risques. Ces résultats tiennent aussi aux modalités de la participation au marché du travail des indépendants et de leurs conditions d’exercice, le plus souvent moins protégées par les dispositifs d’assurance sociale que les travailleurs salariés, car laissés à leur discrétion. Les études utilisées sont l’enquête française sur le cancer « VICAN 2 » financée par l’INCa, l’enquête emploi, et l’enquête américaine « HRS». Tout d’abord, cette thèse souligne la nécessité de faire des études qualitatives et quantitatives seulement sur les indépendants, qui différent substantiellement des travailleurs salariés. Les résultats soulignent aussi que l’aversion au risque n’est pas une caractéristique innée et stable. Les travaux empiriques, étayés par une modélisation théorique, montrent que les chocs de santé peuvent amener les individus à reconsidérer leur goût du risque, à la baisse (maladies chroniques stables) ou à la hausse (survie au cancer). / Consequences of health shocks on professional trajectories are contrasted, depending on epidemiological factors and on the organization of the labor market. In particular, cancer has both transitory and permanent effects on the activity and on the employment status of survivors. Self-employed workers are characterized by responses to the disease that differentiate them from salaried staff, with regards to the frequency and the duration of sick leave and also with regards to their employment status. These results are linked in part to the character traits of self-employed workers, such as their attitudes toward risks. They are also due to the different modalities of their participation to labor force and their unique working conditions, as they are generally less protected by social insurance than salaried employees. The surveys used by this study are two French surveys: « VICAN 2 » survey on cancer funded by INCa, and the labor force survey carried out by INSEE, and the American Health and Retirement Survey (HRS) from the University of Michigan.This thesis underlines the importance of conducting qualitative and quantitative surveys specifically on self-employed workers to evidence their unique difficulties. Results also underline that risk aversion is not an innate and immutable characteristic. Empirical studies and theoretical model developed in this thesis demonstrate that diseases can lead people to reconsider their appetite for risk, often in a downward trend (chronic diseases) and sometimes in an upward trend (survival to cancer).