Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2018-01-30T22:06:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Mileide Coutinho_P?s_Defesa_COMPLETO_VERSAO_FINAL.pdf: 2079669 bytes, checksum: 16f275e93cd170ec8dbe5989847d2cf3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-30T22:06:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Mileide Coutinho_P?s_Defesa_COMPLETO_VERSAO_FINAL.pdf: 2079669 bytes, checksum: 16f275e93cd170ec8dbe5989847d2cf3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The cultivation of potential fruit species in the semiarid region, using a hydroponic system, arises in an attempt to diversify and boost the economy, especially small and medium producers in this region. However, studies are needed to evaluate the growth, productivity and adaptation of these species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and nutritional profile of Physalis peruviana in a hydroponic floating system, considering different levels of salinity of the water artificially produced with NaCl. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment (greenhouse), where a randomized block design (RBD) was used, with four blocks, being tested five concentrations of salinity: 0; 20; 30; 40 and 60 mM NaCl. At each interval of 10 days, the following measurements were obtained: stem and root lengths, total leaf area and neck diameter and dry matter masses of plants. After 48 days of treatment, in addition to the growth analyzes, the nutrient contents of the leaves were quantified. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and analyzed by means test and regression curves. Leaf nutrient contents were only descriptive. Within the expected, the salinity of the medium restricted the growth of plants of fis?lis. The variables total dry mass (TDM), absolute growth rate (AGR) and number of leaves (NL) were those that suffered the greatest reductions with the increase of the salinity of the medium. In relation to the leaf nutrient profile, it was observed that the higher the Na + and Cl- concentration in the leaves, the lower the K +, Ca2 + and Mg2+ concentrations. According to the data of total dry mass, it was possible to determine the P. peruviana salinity tolerance index (STI), which presented mean values> 70% in most of the experimental period at concentrations of 20 and 30 mM, demonstrating that P. peruviana species is moderately tolerant to salinity. In addition, it was considered in this work that high NaCl levels led to a nutritional imbalance, where sodium ion was the main cause of interferences during growth. / O cultivo de esp?cies frut?feras potenciais na regi?o semi?rida, utilizando sistema hidrop?nico surge na tentativa de diversificar e impulsionar a economia, principalmente de pequenos e m?dios produtores desta regi?o. No entanto s?o necess?rios estudos que avaliem o crescimento, produtividade e adapta??o destas esp?cies. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o crescimento e o perfil nutricional da Physalis peruviana em sistema hidrop?nico do tipo floating, considerando diferentes n?veis de salinidade da ?gua produzidos artificialmente com NaCl. O experimento foi realizado em ambiente protegido (estufa), onde foi empregado o delineamento em blocos casualisados (DBC), com 4 blocos, sendo testadas cinco concentra??es de salinidade: 0; 20; 30; 40 e 60 mM de NaCl. A cada intervalo de 10 dias foram obtidas as seguintes medidas: comprimentos do caule e da raiz, ?rea foliar total e di?metro do colo e as massas de mat?ria seca das plantas. Ap?s 48 dias de tratamento al?m das an?lises de crescimento foram quantificados os conte?dos de nutrientes minerais das folhas. Os dados foram submetidos a an?lise de vari?ncia e analisados mediante teste de m?dias e por curvas de regress?o. Os teores dos nutrientes foliares foram apenas descritivos. Dentro do esperado, a salinidade do meio restringiu o crescimento de plantas de fis?lis. As var?veis massa seca total (MST), taxa de crescimento absoluto (TCA) e n?mero de folhas (NF) foram aquelas que sofreram as maiores redu??es com o incremento da salinidade do meio. Em rela??o ao perfil de nutrientes foliares, constatou-se que quanto maior a concentra??o de Na+ e Cl- nas folhas, menores as de K+, Ca2+ e Mg2+. De acordo com os dados de massa seca total foi poss?vel determinar o ?ndice de toler?ncia ? salinidade (ITS) de P. peruviana, que apresentou valores m?dios >70% na maior parte do per?odo experimental nas concentra??es de 20 e 30 mM, demonstrando que a esp?cie P. peruviana ? moderadamente tolerante a salinidade. Al?m disso, considerou-se neste trabalho que altos n?veis de NaCl levaram a um desbalan?o nutricional nas plantas, onde o ?on s?dio foi o principal causador das interfer?ncias durante o crescimento.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:13:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Thiago Rodrigo de Paula Assis.pdf: 1156521 bytes, checksum: 8bf7d83864fbb02b06a33a93314f323d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-13 / This thesis analyzes the relation between civil society and State in the execution of public policies, on the basis of the Program One Milion of Rural Watering Holes (P1MC) in Minas Gerais. Begin of 3 axles. The first, focuses the process undertaken for the ASA to institutionalize the program. After institutionalized, the second axle analyze the interactions between ASA and federal public actors, state and municipal, and its consequences for articulation and P1MC. Finally, are argued the contributions of the program for the involved organizations, the ASA and the public policies thinks. It is observed that the P1MC is born of the canalization of the subject of the human coexistence with the Semi-?rid of the world of the life for the public sphere, acquiring legitimacy, having access the sphere politics and the public agenda. This in a State Reform context. Its institutionalization occurs for the joint with a lot of actors, politicians and technician, in different governments. The interaction with public agents for its execution indicates a process of bureaucratic hardening and politics differences. But the execution provides benefits for the involved ones, with the profit of prestige, the construction of public spaces to argue the human coexistence with de Semi-?rid and the reinforcement of the articulation. It brings, however, risks of dependence of the public resources and reduction of the ASA s autonomy. / Esta tese analisa a rela??o entre sociedade civil e Estado na execu??o de pol?ticas p?blicas, com base no Programa Um Milh?o de Cisternas (P1MC) em Minas Gerais. Parte de 3 eixos. Um, enfoca o processo empreendido pela ASA para institucionalizar o programa. Uma vez institucionalizado, o segundo eixo analisa as intera??es entre a ASA e atores p?blicos federais, estaduais e municipais, e suas consequ?ncias para a Articula??o e P1MC. Por fim, s?o discutidas as contribui??es do programa para as organiza??es envolvidas, para a ASA e para pensar as pol?ticas p?blicas. Observa-se que o P1MC nasce da canaliza??o do tema da conviv?ncia com o semi-?rido do mundo da vida para a esfera p?blica, adquirindo legitimidade, acessando a esfera pol?tica e a agenda p?blica. Isso num contexto de Reforma do Estado. Sua institucionaliza??o se d? pela articula??o com diversos atores, pol?ticos e t?cnicos, em diferentes governos. A intera??o com agentes p?blicos para sua execu??o indica um processo de endurecimento burocr?tico e diferen?as pol?ticas. Mas, a execu??o proporciona benef?cios aos envolvidos, com o ganho de prest?gio, a constru??o de espa?os p?blicos para discutir a conviv?ncia com o semi-?rido e o fortalecimento da articula??o. Traz, por?m, riscos de depend?ncia dos recursos p?blicos e diminui??o da autonomia da ASA.

Submitted by Verena Bastos (verena@uefs.br) on 2015-09-21T14:21:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Mariana Santos de Jesus_2013_v.FINAL.pdf: 2182580 bytes, checksum: 54eae6f08c950fc41cd0623949c61663 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-21T14:21:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O_Mariana Santos de Jesus_2013_v.FINAL.pdf: 2182580 bytes, checksum: 54eae6f08c950fc41cd0623949c61663 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The Brazilian semiarid region undergoes seasonal distribution of rainfall that is concentrated in short periods of the year, combined with shallow and stony soils with low organic matter content and ability to retain moisture. Given these limitations, has intensified in this region the use of cactus as a food source herd due to its high capacity to adapt to the climate of this region. This study evaluated for agronomic characteristics, chemical characteristics and chromosome 20 clones preselected by Oliveira 2010, forming part of the breeding program of cactus pear State University of Feira de Santana, in existence since December 2008. Two experiments were conducted. In the first containing palm girl (Nopalea cochenillifera & Salm Dyck) and the second with giant cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill). The experimental design was randomized blocks with five replicates, the spacing was 0.5 x 1.0 m (x plant rows) and fertilization administered 30 t/ha-1 of manure. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test (p <0.01 and p <0.05). For agronomic characteristics, the tiny palm clones showed no significant differences between the observed means. For the giant cactus, clone 4:06 stood out compared to the other featuring the best averages for the number of cladodes per plant. In assessing chemical was observed on average 69.91% NDF, 13.09% ADF and 8.49% CP for Palm kid. For giant cactus values were 45.63% NDF, 18.20% ADF and 9.18% PB. Chromosome analysis revealed that the numbers ranged from 2n = 22 in the palm girl to 2n = 88 in the giant cactus, without occurrence of disploidias or aneupoidias plants analyzed. It was found that clones are very promising for breeding programs, and are recommended for cultivation in the region of Feira de Santana-BA. / O semi?rido brasileiro apresenta sazonalidade na distribui??o de chuvas que s?o concentradas em per?odos curtos do ano, aliados a solos pouco profundos e pedregosos com baixo teor de mat?ria org?nica e capacidade de reter umidade. Diante destas limita??es, tem-se intensificado nessa regi?o o uso da palma forrageira como fonte de alimento do rebanho devido a sua alta capacidade de adapta??o ao clima dessa regi?o. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar quanto ?s caracter?sticas agron?micas, bromatol?gicas e cromoss?micas 20 clones pr? selecionados por Oliveira (2010), que fazem parte do programa de melhoramento gen?tico da palma forrageira da universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, existente desde Dezembro de 2008. Foram estabelecidos dois experimentos. No primeiro contendo palma mi?da (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm & Dyck) e o segundo com palma gigante (Opuntia f?cus-indica Mill). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso com cinco parcelas, o espa?amento foi 0,5 x 1,0 m (plantas x fileiras) e a aduba??o administrada de 30 t/ha-1 de esterco bovino. Os dados foram submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia e teste de Scott-Knott (p<0,05). Para as caracter?sticas agron?micas, os clones de palma mi?da foram inferiores em rela??o ?s testemunhas IPA-sert?nia e IPA-mi?da para os caracteres CC, DC e AC. Para a palma gigante, o clone 04 destacou-se em rela??o aos demais diferindo estatisticamente quanto ao n?mero de clad?dios por planta. Na avalia??o bromatol?gica observou-se em m?dia 69,91% de FDN, 13,09% de FDA e 8,49% de PB para a palma mi?da. Para palma gigante os valores m?dios foram 45,63% FDN, 18,20% FDA e 9,18% PB. As an?lises cromoss?micas revelaram que os n?meros variaram de 2n=22 na palma mi?da a 2n=88 na palma gigante, sem ocorr?ncia de disploidias ou aneupoidias nas plantas analisadas. Verificou-se que os clones s?o bastante promissores para programas de melhoramento, e s?o recomend?veis para cultivo na regi?o de Feira de Santana-BA.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:46:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RobertaBMF.pdf: 769934 bytes, checksum: 0b7e248b4cbdbf6b8de1a0b40b47af1f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-12-02 / Brazil s semi-arid region is an immense territory characterized by a mosaic of natural environments and human settlements. Inside this multifaceted framework, there are problems that are specific to the region (the water resources situation, for example) while others are more universal (such as the inequality between men and women). The circumstances that give rise to these problems are complex and require a holistic view so that our understanding can go beyond the simple concept that this is a problem region . The semi-arid must be perceived as a viable area in need of a new analysis, taking into account its successes, limitations, challenges and the strategic public policy framework that guarantees its sustainable development. The dissertation analyzes, from a sustainable local development perspective, the experience of the Northeastern Brazil Groundwater Project (PROASNE), carried out from 2001 to 2003, in partnership with the Waters and Sewers Company of Rio Grande do Norte (CAERN) in the rural community of Mirandas, municipality of Cara?bas/RN, situated in the middle of the northeastern Brazil semi-arid region / O semi-?rido brasileiro ? um imenso territ?rio, correspondendo a um verdadeiro mosaico de ambientes naturais e agrupamentos humanos. Dentro desse quadro bastante diversificado encontram-se problem?ticas pr?prias ? regi?o (a quest?o h?drica, por exemplo) e, outras, universais (a desigualdade entre homens e mulheres). A problem?tica ? intrincada e necessita de uma vis?o de totalidade para uma compreens?o que ultrapasse o senso comum que a considera regi?o problema, e perceba o semi-?rido como espa?o de viabilidade para onde devem convergir novas an?lises sobre a mesma, suas conquistas, limites, desafios e pol?ticas p?blicas estrat?gicas que garantam o desenvolvimento sustent?vel. A disserta??o analisa a experi?ncia do Projeto de ?guas Subterr?neas no Nordeste do Brasil (PROASNE) em parceria com a Companhia de ?guas e Esgotos do Rio Grande do Norte (CAERN) na comunidade rural de Mirandas, munic?pio de Cara?bas/RN, em pleno semi-?rido nordestino, no per?odo de 2001-2003 sob a perspectiva de desenvolvimento local sustent?vel

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-11-06T19:34:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoClesioMedeirosDantasDeAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 6231818 bytes, checksum: 76365404d88f5f246477fd970fe58454 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-11-20T20:34:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoClesioMedeirosDantasDeAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 6231818 bytes, checksum: 76365404d88f5f246477fd970fe58454 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-20T20:34:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoClesioMedeirosDantasDeAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 6231818 bytes, checksum: 76365404d88f5f246477fd970fe58454 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-21 / Este trabalho prop?e contextualizar a produ??o de sal marinho com temas relacionados ao ensino de Geografia em escolas do ensino m?dio situadas no litoral setentrional do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, onde se localizam os munic?pios com a maior produ??o salineira do Brasil. Essa proposta se deu por meio de uma instrumenta??o did?tica-pedag?gica textual, com a elabora??o de um livro paradid?tico, explanando-se os temas naturais e humanos de forma interdisciplinar e transversal. A pesquisa partiu de observa??es emp?ricas em rela??o a tem?tica da ind?stria salineira que envolve v?rios conte?dos trabalhados no componente curricular Geografia que poderiam ser trabalhados por professores da educa??o b?sica. Primeiramente foram realizadas reuni?es com a coordena??o pedag?gica (diretoria, coordenador e professores), seguidas da elabora??o do material did?tico-textual (produto educacional proposto), o qual se deu a partir de um processo construtivo e dialogado ao longo de 04 (quatro) oficinas did?tica-pedag?gicas com os discentes. Nessas oficinas foram discutidos conte?dos associados diretamente ao tema proposto, como a import?ncia hist?rica, ambiental, econ?mica e cultural das salinas da regi?o. Finalizando-se com uma aula de campo na Salina Unidos (Macau-RN). As interven??es realizadas na escola confirmaram a subutiliza??o da tem?tica nas aulas de Geografia, possibilitando uma ampla discuss?o sobre sua inser??o no curr?culo escolar. Verificou-se que atrav?s do tema escolhido para esse trabalho, as diversas categorias de an?lises espaciais podem ser estudadas de forma que haja uma intera??o e uma transversalidade entre os conhecimentos pr?vios dos alunos, firmados a partir de seu lugar de viv?ncia, com os principais acontecimentos, fen?menos e transforma??es do Espa?o Geogr?fico nas escalas regional, nacional e global, dentro dos conte?dos, habilidades e compet?ncias esperados para a forma??o dos estudantes. / This work proposes to contextualize the production of sea salt with themes related to the teaching of geography in high schools located on the northern coast of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, where the municipalities with the largest salt production in Brazil are located. This proposal was made through a didactic-pedagogical instrumentation textual, with the elaboration of a paradid?tico book, explaining the natural and human subjects in an interdisciplinary and transversal way. The research was based on empirical observations in relation to the saline industry that involves several contents worked in the Geography component that could be worked by teachers of basic education. Firstly, meetings were held with the pedagogical coordination (board, coordinator and teachers), followed by the elaboration of the didactic-textual material (proposed educational product), which was based on a constructive process and dialogued along 04 (four) workshops Pedagogical with the students. In these workshops, content related directly to the proposed theme was discussed, such as the historical, environmental, economic and cultural importance of the salinas of the region. Finishing with a field lesson in Salina Unidos (Macau-RN). The interventions carried out at the school confirmed the underutilization of the subject in the Geography class, allowing a wide discussion about its insertion in the school curriculum. It was verified that through the theme chosen for this work, the various categories of spatial analysis can be studied in a way that there is an interaction and transversality between the students' previous knowledge, based on their place of living, with the main events, phenomena and transformations of the Geographic Space at the regional, national and global scales, within the contents, skills and competences expected for the formation of the students.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2017-07-19T21:16:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O - Gilberto ferreira da Silva Neto.pdf: 778320 bytes, checksum: 0605b308871cff7e8d21b5db641a01d1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-19T21:16:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O - Gilberto ferreira da Silva Neto.pdf: 778320 bytes, checksum: 0605b308871cff7e8d21b5db641a01d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-24 / The water issue in the semiarid region was and still is a process that involves many different feelings and opinions. At first, it stemmed from the idea of combating drought as a solution to solve the entrenched problems that lack water in the semiarid region, through public policies that resulted in the construction of large water works and that the process of the final attended only the large landowners. But over the years, emerged a new vision about these issues and, therefore, what has come to be proposed in the semiarid region was the implementation of coexistence with it, seeking alternatives and solutions that aim to live with a natural and inherent phenomenon to the region. Therefore, civil society organizations began mobilizing and training a network that would strengthen these new reflections on the coexistence idea that originated from experiments conducted by experimenters farmers, associations, among other agents, developing strategies to minimize the difficulties of families mainly through the promotion of access to water during periods of drought. It was in this context that the Articulation of the Semi-Arid ? ASA, a network of over 2000 civil society organizations, establishing a link between them and throughout the semi-arid region, so that thus could get a representative force in the various spheres of society . Faced with this new initiative, some actions have been winning highlights as viable alternatives for coexistence with semiarid conditions, among them are the Program One Million Cisterns (P1MC) and the Programme One Land Two Waters (P1+2), programs these that make up the Water for All program, and have become public policy of the state, where the government went on to direct resources for implementation of these programs for those in the ASA entities. Thus, the present work aims to understand the role of public policies for access to water and coexistence with the semiarid in the Territory of Sisal (Bahia / Brazil), emphasizing the role of P1+2 in this process, as well as identify which and how many were systems in place to capture rainwater for that program in that territory. With the data obtained in the survey, it was found that since the implementation of the P1+2 in Sisal Land in 2009 until 2014, more than 24 million ?reais? have been invested in the construction of 2,217 rainwater harvesting systems. The results show that the implanted public policy has provided the democratization of access to water in the communities; however, there is still the need for universalization of these catchment and rainwater storage systems in the municipalities of Sisal Territory. / A quest?o h?drica no semi?rido foi e ainda ? um processo que envolve diversos sentimentos e opini?es. A princ?pio partia-se da ideia do combate ? seca como solu??o para resolver a problem?tica enraizada de que falta ?gua no semi?rido, atrav?s de pol?ticas p?blicas que resultaram na constru??o de grandes obras h?dricas e que ao final do processo atenderam apenas os grandes propriet?rios de terra. Mas, ao longo dos anos, come?ou-se a ter uma nova vis?o sobre estas quest?es e, desta forma, o que passou a ser proposto no semi?rido foi a implanta??o da conviv?ncia com o mesmo, buscando alternativas e solu??es que visem conviver com um fen?meno natural e inerente ? regi?o. Assim sendo, a sociedade civil organizada come?ou uma mobiliza??o e forma??o de uma rede que viesse a fortalecer essas novas reflex?es sobre a conviv?ncia, ideia esta oriunda de experi?ncias desenvolvidas por agricultores experimentadores, associa??es, dentre outros agentes, desenvolvendo estrat?gias para minimizar as dificuldades das fam?lias, principalmente atrav?s da promo??o do acesso ? ?gua durante os per?odos de estiagens. Foi nesse contexto que surgiu a Articula??o do Semi-?rido ? ASA, uma rede composta por mais de 2000 entidades da sociedade civil, estabelecendo um elo entre elas em todo o semi?rido para que, assim, pudesse adquirir uma for?a representativa nas diversas esferas da sociedade. Diante dessa nova iniciativa, algumas a??es foram ganhando destaques como alternativas vi?veis para a conviv?ncia com o Semi?rido, dentre elas est?o o Programa Um Milh?o de Cisternas (P1MC) e o Programa Uma Terra Duas ?guas (P1+2), programas estes que comp?em o Programa ?gua para Todos, e se tornaram pol?ticas p?blicas de Estado, onde o governo passou a direcionar recursos para execu??o destes programas para as entidades pertencentes ? ASA. Sendo assim, a presente disserta??o tem como objetivo principal, compreender o papel das pol?ticas p?blicas voltadas para acesso ? ?gua e a conviv?ncia com o semi?rido no Territ?rio do Sisal (Bahia/Brasil), enfatizando o papel do P1+2 nesse processo, como tamb?m identificar quais e quantos foram os sistemas implantados para capta??o de ?gua de chuva por esse programa no referido territ?rio. Com os dados obtidos na pesquisa, foi constatado que desde a implanta??o do P1+2 no Territ?rio do Sisal em 2009 at? 2014 mais de 24 milh?es de reais j? foram investido na constru??o de 2.217 sistemas de capta??o de ?gua de chuva. Os resultados mostram que as pol?ticas p?blicas implantadas tem proporcionado a democratiza??o do acesso ? ?gua nas comunidades, entretanto, ainda existe a necessidade da universaliza??o desses sistemas de capta??o e armazenamento de ?gua de chuva nos munic?pios do Territ?rio do Sisal.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:02:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucasGR_DISSERT.pdf: 1784310 bytes, checksum: 2efe93de1baceeb9caac55298c03a73e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / In Brazilian semiarid region, the majority of water bodies are temporary and the biodiversity in these ecosystems is poorly known. The goal of this study was to describe the temporal variation of benthic macroinvertebrates in an intermittent stream in the Brazilian semiarid region. From March to July of 2009, surveys of benthic macroinvertebrates and water physiochemical parameters were done in a first order stream located at Piranhas-A?u River basin. 25 macroinvertebrates families were found, 21 belonging to Insecta class. The chironomids were the most abundant group during all study period and were represented by 19 genus. The largest densities and taxonomic richness were seen in the drying phase of the stream while the smallest values were found in the period with the heaviest rainfalls ( wet phase ). Only the families Chironomidae and Ceratopogonidae were found during all study period, suggesting that these groups have better adaptations to support floods and droughts. Furthermore, these two groups seemed to be pioneering in this stream. Among the chironomids, Paratendipes dominated the period of floods while Tanytarsus were more abundant in the drying phase . This study showed that hydrological fluctuation is the main force influencing the macroinvertebrate community in this stream, therefore, efforts seeking the conservation and management of Brazilian semiarid water bodies should consider this high natural variability in flow regime / O semi?rido brasileiro possui grande parte de seus corpos de ?gua com car?ter tempor?rio e pouco se conhece sobre a biodiversidade destes ambientes e os fatores que influenciam esta diversidade. O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a varia??o temporal dos macroinvertebrados bent?nicos de um riacho intermitente da regi?o do semi?rido brasileiro. Foram feitas 11 amostragens da fauna de macroinvertebrados bent?nicos e de par?metros f?sico-qu?micos da ?gua em um riacho de primeira ordem da bacia hidrogr?fica do rio Piranhas-A?u durante o per?odo de mar?o a julho de 2009. Foram encontradas 25 fam?lias de organismos sendo 21 destes da classe Insecta. A fam?lia Chironomidae foi a mais abundante em todo per?odo amostral e foi representada por 19 g?neros. As maiores densidades de organismos e riqueza taxon?mica ocorreram no per?odo em que o riacho estava secando e as menores no per?odo das maiores precipita??es. Apenas as fam?lias de Diptera, Chironomidae e Ceratopogonidae, ocorreram durante todo per?odo amostral, sugerindo que estes organismos possuem melhores mecanismos de adapta??es frente ?s cheias e secas. Al?m disso, estes dois grupos pareceram ser os colonizadores prim?rios neste ambiente. Entre os quironom?deos, o g?nero Paratendipes dominou o per?odo de cheias enquanto Tanytarsus foi mais abundante no per?odo secando do riacho. Nosso estudo demonstrou que as flutua??es hidrol?gicas foram os fatores que mais influenciaram a comunidade dos macroinvertebrados bent?nicos no riacho, e assim, estrat?gias visando a conserva??o e gest?o destes ambientes devem considerar estas flutua??es

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:10:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucianaAM_DISSERT.pdf: 3226407 bytes, checksum: fcd2ad69a51b02cfc80ffef9c9eb0d35 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Food habits and morpho-histology of the digestive tract of marbled swamp eel, Synbranchus marmoratus (Block, 1917) were investigated. The fish samples were captured during August, 2007 to July, 2008 in the Marechal Dutra reservoir, Acari, Rio Grande do Norte. The rain fall data was obtained from EMPARN. The fish captured, were measured, weighed, dissected, eviscerated and individual stomach weights were registered. The stomach contents analyses were carried out based on volumetric method, points, frequency of occurrence and applying the Index of Relative Importance. The degrees of repletion of the stomachs were determined besides the Index of Repletion relating to feeding activity variations and frequency of ingestion during the rainy and dry seasons. The rainfall varied from 0 mm a 335 mm with a mean value of 71.62 mm. Highest rainfall of 335.5 mm was registered in March, 2008 and August to December was the dry period. During the dry period the study species presented high degrees of repletion of the stomachs, with a peak value in the month of September (mean = 4.54; ? SD = 0.56). The minimum mean value of = 3.99 ? SD = 0.25 was registered in the month of May during the rainy period. The stomach contents of S. marmoratus registered show that this fish prefers animals, 78.22% of crustaceans 2.85% of mollusks, 3.25% of fish, 1.4% of insects and 13.5% of semi-digested organic matter, thus characterizing the study species as a carnivore with a preference for crustaceans. The morpho-histological aspects of the digestive tract of S. marmoratus indicate that the mouth is terminal adapted to open widely, thin lips with taste buds, small villiform teeth forming a single series on maxillas, four pairs of branchial arches with short and widely spaced branchial rays. The oesophagus is short and cylindrical with a small diameter. The oesophagus wall is thick with mucas surface and internal parallel folds. The stomach is retilinical in form, presenting cardiac, caecal and pyloric portions. The caecal portion is long and is intermediary in position between the cardiac and pyloric portions. The cardiac portion of the stomach is short and cylindrical formed of simple epithelial cylindrical mucus cells. The caecal portion is long with narrow walls, a big cavity and smaller folds which give rise to gastric glands. The phyloric portion has no glands and primary or secondary mucas folds. The morphohistological aspects of the digestive tract of S. marmoratus indicate its adaptation to a carnivorous feeding habit / O regime alimentar e a morfohistologia do tubo digest?rio do mussum, Synbranchus marmoratus (Block, 1917) foram investigados. Os exemplares foram capturados mensalmente no per?odo de agosto de 2007 a julho de 2008, no a?ude Marechal Dutra, Acari, Rio Grande do Norte. Foram verificados os par?metros limnol?gicos, tais como, temperatura da ?gua, oxig?nio dissolvido e condutividade el?trica do a?ude. Os valores mensais de pluviosidade foram obtidos da EMPARN. Os peixes capturados foram medidos, pesados, eviscerados e registrado o peso de cada est?mago. A an?lise do conte?do estomacal foi realizada de acordo com o m?todo de pontos e m?todo de freq??ncia de ocorr?ncia associado ao m?todo de import?ncia alimentar. Os est?magos tiveram o grau de reple??o determinado e o ?ndice de reple??o relacionando a atividade alimentar com o per?odo chuvoso e de estiagem. A precipita??o pluviom?trica variou de 0 a 335 mm. A m?dia anual da pluviosidade foi de 71,62 mm ? SD 163,3. O maior valor de 335,5 mm ocorreu em mar?o de 2008 e os menores valore ocorreram nos meses de agosto a dezembro de 2007. No per?odo de seca, S. marmoratus apresentou valores mais altos no ?ndice m?dio de Reple??o, com um pico no m?s de setembro (4,54; ? SD = 0,56), sendo esse o maior valor m?dio de IR anual. O menor valor (3,99; ? SD = 0,25) ocorreu no m?s de maio no per?odo chuvoso. Os resultados obtidos indicam que S. marmoratus alimentou-se preferencialmente de material animal, sendo 78,22% de crust?ceos, 13,5% de material org?nico semi digerido, 3,25% de moluscos, 2,85% de peixes e 1,4% de insetos. Portanto, a esp?cie em estudo pode ser caracterizada como carn?voro com prefer?ncia a carcinofagia. Os aspectos morfohistol?gicos do tubo digest?rio do S. marmoratus foram investigados e os resultados indicam que boca ? terminal com grande abertura, l?bios delgados com corp?sculos gustativos, os dentes s?o pequenos villiformes formando uma ?nica s?rie nas maxilas, com quatro pares de arcos branquiais com rastros branquiais curtos e espassados. O es?fago ? curto e apresenta formato cil?ndrico com pequeno di?metro. A parede esof?gica ? espessa com a superf?cie interna formada por mucosa, contendo pregas paralelas. O est?mago ? do tipo retil?neo, formado pelas por??es c?rdica, cecal e pil?rica. A regi?o de maior comprimento ? a regi?o cecal, localizada entre a por??o c?rdica e pil?rica. A regi?o c?rdica que ? a primeira por??o do est?mago ? curta e cil?ndrica, formada por mucosa constitu?da por epit?lio cil?ndrico simples, com muitas c?lulas caliciformes. A regi?o cecal ? alongada e apresenta paredes delgadas, luz maior que a c?rdica, com pregas de menor porte, formado por epit?lio cil?ndrico simples com gl?ndulas g?stricas. A por??o pil?rica n?o possui gl?ndulas e apresenta pregas principais e secund?rias em sua mucosa. Os aspectos morfohistol?gicos do trato digest?rio do S. marmoratus mostram que a esp?cie ? adaptada para h?bito alimentar carn?voro

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:10:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MadsonROT_DISSERT.pdf: 2710176 bytes, checksum: 59479473bbac6ecc9da8138e4c255249 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-11 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The aim of this study was to test the Ecological Apparency Hypothesis comparing two rural communities in Jo?o C?mara (RN) and Remigio (PB), in the Northeast of Brazil. This hypothesis assumes that plants are perceived, known and used by human populations according to their local availability. The most used species would be the ones that are more available in the forest (apparent), and apparently suffer greater pressure of use. Communities were consulted through semi-structured interviews. In Remigio 42 people were interviewed, and 50 in Jo?o C?mara. The importance of each species was evaluated considering the distinction between citations from current and potential uses. The ethnobotanical information was associated with phytosociological parameters collected by the point-centered quarter method in forested areas, where 50 transects were distributed in each community, and 4,000 individuals sampled in total. Based on the interviews, 58 useful species were recorded, 42 genera and18 families. In the phytosociological study 30 species, 22 genera and 12 families in Jo?o C?mara, In Rem?gio were identified 34 species, 22 genera and nine families.The species were grouped into 11 categories of use. The ecological appearance was confirmed only in the Jo?o C?mara, which best explained the relationship between local availability and use of timber resources. Positive correlations were observed also between the technology category VUpotential and dominance. The point-centered quarter was efficient to test appearance, however, further studies through the point-centered quarter method are recommended / O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar e comparar a Hip?tese da Apar?ncia Ecol?gica em duas comunidades rurais nos munic?pios de Jo?o C?mara (RN) e Rem?gio (PB), Nordeste do Brasil. Essa hip?tese preconiza que as plantas s?o percebidas, conhecidas e utilizadas pelas popula??es humanas de acordo com sua disponibilidade local. As esp?cies mais utilizadas seriam aquelas mais dispon?veis na floresta (s?o mais aparentes), [supondo que sofrem maior press?o de uso]. As comunidades foram consultadas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foram entrevistadas 42 pessoas em Rem?gio e 50 em Jo?o C?mara. A import?ncia de cada esp?cie foi avaliada por meio do Valor de Uso (VU), levando em considera??o a distin??o entre cita??es de usos atuais e potenciais. As informa??es etnobot?nicas foram associadas aos par?metros fitossociol?gicos por meio do m?todo do Ponto Quadrante em ?reas florestais, onde 50 transectos foram distribu?dos em cada comunidade, e 4.000 indiv?duos amostrados no total. Foram identificadas 30 esp?cies, 22 g?neros e 12 fam?lias em Jo?o C?mara, e 34 esp?cies, 22 g?neros e nove fam?lias em Rem?gio. Durante as entrevistas, foram relatados usos para 58 esp?cies, pertencentes a 18 fam?lias e 42 g?neros. As esp?cies foram agrupadas em 11 categorias de uso. A apar?ncia ecol?gica foi confirmada somente em Jo?o C?mara, onde se explicou melhor a rela??o existente entre a disponibilidade local e a utiliza??o dos recursos madeireiros. Correla??es positivas foram observadas para a categoria tecnologia entre o VUpotencial e domin?ncia. Observou-se tamb?m que a utiliza??o do m?todo do ponto quadrante foi eficiente no teste da apar?ncia, contudo sugere-se a realiza??o de novos estudos utilizando esta mesma metodologia

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:33:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FabianaOA.pdf: 1147219 bytes, checksum: 82a575e2220e5c6ece53b3d6ec73aede (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-06 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The increasing of pollution in aquatic ecosystems in the last decades has caused an expansion of eutrophication and loss of water quality for human consumption. The increase of frequency and intensity of cyanobacteria blooms have been recognized as a major problem connected to water quality and eutrophication. The knowledge of environmental factors controlling these blooms is a key step towards the management for recovering aquatic ecosystems from eutrophic conditions. Primary productivity in aquatic ecosystems is dependent on light and nutrients availability. In the present work we evaluated the relative importance of the concentration of major nutrients, such as phosphorus and nitrogen, and light for phytoplankton growth in the main water reservoir of Rio Grande do Norte State, named Engenheiro Armando Ribeiro Gon?alves (EARG), which is an eutrophic system, dominated by potentially toxic cyanobacteria populations. Limitation of phytoplankton growth was evaluated through bioassays using differential enrichment of nutrients (N and/or P) under two light conditions (low light and high light) and monthly monitoring of chlorophyll-a and nutrients (total nitrogen and phosphorus) concentrations, and water transparency (Secchi depth) at the pelagic region. Our results confirm that EARG reservoir is an eutrophic system with a low water quality. Results of bioassays on the growth of phytoplankton limitation (N or P) were conflicting with the results predicted by the TN:TP ratios, which indicates that these ratios were not a good indicator of algal growth limitation. Nitrogen was the limiting nutrient, considering both frequency and magnitude. Light and hidrology affected phytoplankton response to nutrient enrichment. The extreme eutrophic conditions of this reservoir, dominated by cyanobacteria blooms, demand urgent managing strategies in order to guarantee the multiple uses for this system, including water supply for human population. Although nitrogen is the limiting nutrient, an effective management program must focus on the reduction of both phosphorus and nitrogen input / O aumento da polui??o nos ecossistemas aqu?ticos nas ultimas d?cadas tem causado uma expans?o da eutrofiza??o e perda da qualidade da ?gua para o consumo humano. O aumento da freq??ncia e intensidade de flora??es de cianobact?rias tem sido reconhecido com o principal problema ligado a eutrofiza??o e qualidade da ?gua. O conhecimento dos fatores ambientais que controlam essas flora??es ? um passo fundamental para a gest?o de recupera??o de ecossistemas aqu?ticos eutrofizados. A produtividade em ecossistemas aqu?ticos ? dependente da disponibilidade de luz e nutrientes. No presente trabalho, n?s avaliamos a import?ncia relativa da concentra??o dos principais nutrientes (nitrog?nio e f?sforo) e da luz para o crescimento fitoplanct?nico no principal reservat?rio do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, o reservat?rio Engenheiro Armando Ribeiro Gon?alves (EARG), que ? um sistema eutrofizado, dominado por cianobact?rias potencialmente t?xicas. A limita??o do crescimento fitoplanct?nico foi avaliada atrav?s de bioensaios usando enriquecimento diferencial de nutrientes (N e/ou P) sob duas condi??es de luz (baixa e alta luz) e monitoramento mensal das concentra??es de nutrientes (nitrog?nio e f?sforo totais), clorofila a e transpar?ncia da ?gua (profundidade de Secchi) na regi?o pel?gica. Nossos resultados confirmaram que o reservat?rio EARG ? um sistema eutr?fico com baixa qualidade da ?gua. Os resultados dos bioensaios sobre a limita??o do crescimento fitoplanct?nico foram contradit?rios com os resultados preditos pelas raz?es NT:PT, o que indica que essas raz?es n?o s?o um bom indicador da limita??o do crescimento. O nitrog?nio foi o nutriente limitante, tanto em freq??ncia quanto em magnitude. A luz e o regime hidrol?gico afetaram a resposta do fitopl?ncton ao enriquecimento com nutrientes. As condi??es eutr?ficas deste reservat?rio, dominado por flora??es de cianobact?rias, demanda estrat?gias de manejo a fim de garantir os usos m?ltiplos neste sistema, incluindo o abastecimento de ?gua para o consumo humano. Embora o nitrog?nio seja o nutriente limitante, um programa de manejo efetivo dever? focar sobre a redu??o da entrada de f?sforo e nitrog?nio