Tyrimo objektas: 9 - tos klasės mergaičių fizinis aktyvumas, kūno kompozicija, patiriami pojūčiai po kryptingos fizinio ugdymo programos. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti kryptingai taikytų kūno kultūros pamokų poveikį 9 klasės mergaičių fiziniam aktyvumui, kūno kompozicijai, patiriamiems pojūčiams kūno kultūros pamokų metu bei fizinės veiklos metu laisvalaikiu. Išvados: Kryptingos kūno kultūros pamokos turėjo mažai įtakos mergaičių kūno kompozicijos rodiklių pokyčiams. Nežymų, statistiškai nereikšmingą (p>0,05) skirtingų kūno ir jo dalių segmentų pokytį galėjo lemti mergaičių lytinė branda. Dauguma eksperimentinės grupės mergaičių po aerobikos pobūdžio kūno kultūros pamokų patiriamus pojūčius vertino aukštesniais balais (p<0,05). / The object: experienced senses, physical activity and body composition of 9th grade adolescent girls after purposeful program of physical education. The aim - find out the effect of purposeful classes of physical education to the body composition, experiences and physical education of 9th grade adolescent girls during physical education classes and physical activity leisure time. Conclusions: Targeted physical education classes had little impact on girls' body composition. The slight, statistically insignificant (p>0.05) change in parts of the body and its segments could cause girls' puberty. 4. Results of girls of 9thgrade in the survey showed that after the physical education classes of aerobics most girls experienced senses rated with higher grades (p<0,05).

This thesis comprises an exploration of the practice of Holistic Massage, working across the sociological areas of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM), body work, emotional labour, sociological phenomenology and narrative inquiry. Holistic Massage is one of a plethora of practices encompassed by the field of CAM. While there has been steadily increasing sociological interest in CAM in recent years, much research has treated this diverse group as relatively homogeneous. This thesis looks at one practice in depth, in order to address issues specific to Holistic Massage – including what ‘holism’ adds up in to in practice, and the devaluation of knowledge based on touch(ing) – as well as those concerning CAM more broadly. Hence, whilst drawing on existing research on CAM, this research also addresses a lacuna within it. This thesis employs the conceptual tool of ‘touching work’, which brings together the concepts of ‘emotional labour’ and ‘body work’ in a way that draws out relevant aspects of each around the fulcrum of touch, thus accounting for the latter in both its sensory and emotional meanings. In so doing, it also contributes to the recently burgeoning literature on the senses in sociology, and to an embodied sociology more generally. The thesis also draws on sociological phenomenology, in particular the notion of the intersubjective ‘stock of knowledge’, and the understanding of talk as constitutive of the everyday social world. The overall methodological approach taken brings together phenomenological theory with narrative inquiry, and specifically with the analysis of the form and content of talk. The analysis presented is based around data from loosely-structured interviews with ten women who do Holistic Massage. The interviews were analysed in terms of their overall shape and distinctive features (Chapter Three) and, in subsequent chapters, with respect to both what was said and how it was said. This analysis examines the constitution of a Holistic Massage stock of knowledge (Chapter Four) and how the practice is bounded (Chapter Five), and concludes in Chapter Six by taking a step back from the detail of the data to look at what can be known from it about Holistic Massage and touching work Piecing together the constitution by practitioners of a stock of professional Holistic Massage knowledge makes a significant contribution to the sociology of CAM. Also, by uniting phenomenological sociology and narrative inquiry, it provides a novel perspective on a form of work which is part of a small but significant contemporary occupational field in the UK. In particular, it draws out the multiple aspects of touch which can in fact be known and articulated through talk and challenges ideas about the supposedly ineffable character of touch. In this regard, it points to similarities between how practitioners talk about this and the Foucauldian challenge to the ‘repressive hypothesis’, which sees people as in fact talking readily and in detail about matters where they claim silence prevails.

Research in psychological type theory – especially that done by Jensen and DiTiberio on type and composition – has offered writing teachers another way to understand the different writing processes of their students. One aspect of composition that has not been researched with regard to psychological type theory is the writing style of students. This study proposes a relationship between psychological type theory (specifically the sensing and intuition continuum) and the writing styles of First Year Composition students. Seventy-two students participated in the study, taking the MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) and submitting their diagnostic essays to be analyzed using Corbett's stylistic analysis. The results suggest a relationship between writing style and personality type that teachers can use to tailor lesson plans for students (in areas such as revision and audience awareness) to increase student growth. / Department of English

Previous research has identified motor deficits within the ADHD population, and indicates that these individuals are at an increased risk for difficulties relating to their motor development. The present study, which utilized discriminant function analysis, was unable to document areas of motor impairment for individuals diagnosed with ADHD. Specifically, no evidence of motor impairment was identified on tasks of motor coordination, fine motor dexterity, motor speed and grip strength, which measures the integrity of the motor system at the basic output level. Interestingly, results identified that individuals with ADHD were more proficient in their motor abilities than the normative population. Two mitigating factors were controlled for in this study and were found to impact performance on motor tasks. First, higher level thinking skills such as verbal comprehension, attention control, cognitive sequencing, working memory and executive functions appear to be more responsible for documented performance deficits than an underlying motor deficit. Secondly, the high prevalence of comorbid psychiatric and medical disorders, inherent to the ADHD population, appears to negatively impact performance on motor tasks. In general, individuals with only a diagnosis of ADHD consistently outperformed individuals who had been diagnosed with ADHD and comorbid disorders.This study also examined the sensory and subcortical abilities of individuals with ADHD. Results indicate that these children are similar to their same age peers in their visual perception, visual acuity, auditory discrimination and tactile perception. Finally, this study was unable to identify evidence of impairment in the subcortical abilities of ADHD individuals. In fact, individuals with only a diagnosis of ADHD outperformed the control group across a majority of tasks assessing subcortical abilities. Comorbidity also appears to negatively impact performance on sensory and subcortical tasks, especially for individuals with comorbid medical conditions. Overall, results from this study impact the field of research which previously identified motor performance deficits in the ADHD population. Further research is needed to examine the sensory and motor abilities of ADHD individuals to understand the performance abilities of individuals with ADHD. / Department of Educational Psychology

In this dissertation I conduct a historical and theoretical reexamination of Walter Ong in order to explore the extent to which technology transforms consciousness. I discover within his work an understanding of literacy, technology, and humanity that can help us negotiate change without succumbing to the teleological urge to dichotomize. Technology transforms consciousness, but consciousness also transforms technology. This relational aspect of evolutionary change, which is essential to Ong’s work, is often missed or misread. The misreadings obscure important concepts in Ong’s work that can help us negotiate questions that occupy our own present and near-future. How do we teach writing in the presence of technology? What is literacy becoming and how can we understand the increasing multiplicity? Are our students being transformed by the latest technologies? Ong’s work offers answers in a somewhat unexpected way. Rather than continuing or redefining the orality, literacy, secondary orality continuum, I demonstrate that Ong’s work is grounded in more relevant concepts that should no longer be overlooked. A deeper understanding of “the word,” “interior,” and “presence” leads to the revelation that understanding “noetic economy” and “sensorium” not only clarifies Ong’s work, but also offers tools for transforming pedagogy, understanding literacies, and advancing historical understandings. Ong’s work is an enactment of scholarship within the sensorium. That enactment was somewhat unconscious; he did not always articulate the interaction of aural, oral, visual, kinesthetic, olfactory, and tactile, but merely referred to the human sensorium to explain the interactions of the physical and intellectual aspects of human existence. This recovery of Ong’s work demonstrates our need for conscious enactment of the sensorium. One such enactment includes rereading Alexander Bain, who failed to respond to the shifts in the human sensorium occurring alongside developments in writing technologies. Changes in the noetic economy shifted invention away from oral and memory-based composition towards visual and kinesthetically-enacted shaping and revising of ideas. Bain’s assumption that ideas come fully formed from the mind, shared with his students, became reified in current traditional pedagogy. Enacting the sensorium offers us an opportunity to avoid passing on problematic pedagogy to our own students. / Walter Ong's reception in English studies -- Speaking of changes, or, "How the divide is not so great" -- Before orality and literacy : earlier explorations in Walter Ong's thought -- The (not so) great divide : recalling the sensorium -- Applications. / Department of English

Dabarties eilėraščiui ypač reikšminga kultūrinė žanro atmintis. Ji teikia papildomų prasmių. XXI amžiuje lyrikos žanrinis skirstymas nebėra aktualus. Labai dažnai sumaišomi gyvi ir nebegyvi žanrų elementai. Tačiau XX amžiuje buvo rašytojų, kurie pasirinkdavo vieną ar kitą žanrą, arba – bent jau žanro elementus savo poezijai. Tokie turinio ir formos elementai būdavo apjungiami į moderniąją visumą. Moderniosios lietuvių literatūros ištakos – Vakarų Europos literatūros tendencijų plėtotė XX amžiaus vidurio lietuvių prozoje ir poezijoje. Šiuo laikotarpiu Lietuvoje susiformavo ir Vakarų Europoje subrendo poetų žemininkų karta – poetų karta, kurios kūrybai įtaką darė ne tik Lietuvos kultūrinis modernizmas, bet ir Europos literatūros ištakos bei moderniausioji Vakarų Europos kultūra. Jonas Mekas yra retai analizuojamas literatūrinės kritikos. Poeto lyrika nagrinėta prarasto rojaus, gamtos kaitos, laiko ir erdvės įvaizdžių aspektais. Jo poezija, kaip pažymi kritikai savo straipsniuose, įtvirtino naują daiktiškumą. Iš keturių idilių laidų daugiausia dėmesio sulaukė 1955 metų laida. Pasirodžius šiam leidimui savo kritinį požiūrį Henrikas Nagys pateikia 1957 metų Literatūros lankų laikraštyje. / The literary searching of the 20th century Lithuania’s poets lead to the modern changes of the genre. In Jonas Mekas’ ‘Semeniskiu idiles’ lyrical subject is divided into subject-speaker and subject-observer. In ‘Semeniskiu idiles’ the time consists of two parts. The big circle of time belongs to the subject-speaker and it is his journey of one year in ‘lost paradise’ cycle of nature. The speaker using his senses and memory becomes the observer in the small circle of time. The space consists of two parts in ‘Semeniskiu idiles’. The big circle of space is the view which is seen by lyrical subject. In the small circle of space the lyrical subject-observer using his senses pays attention to concrete objects. Jonas Mekas can be named as the landowners.

<p>In American letters, the Civil War represented a decisive break in literary form, a shift from interiority to exteriority. Sentimentalism harnessed the transformative effects of aesthetic feeling to galvanize political opinion in antebellum America, whereas realist and regionalist writing's empiricist attention to surface and appearance represented a reaction against sentimentalism. Yet postbellum literature is nothing if not a sustained meditation on how the feeling, sensate body negotiates the abstraction of citizenship and political life.</p><p>The paradoxes presented by black emancipation, immigration, and women's suffrage forced what today we consider the period's most canonical authors, from Emily Dickinson to W.E.B. Du Bois, to confront the contradictory feelings provoked by a democratic nation that excluded most of its citizens from their fundamental rights. The taste of Ellis Island, Henry James warned in The American Scene, "will be forever in [the] mouth" of the citizen, who must share "the intimacy of his American patriotism with the inconceivable alien." James's literal distaste for immigrants raises the stakes of what it means to locate the experience of belonging neither inside nor outside the body, but at its sensory orifices, its porous thresholds. The issue of corporeal intimacy manifested in aesthetic forms that made the senses legible across linked areas of nineteenth-century literary production: from the cookbook (Russell's Domestic Cookbook) and local color fiction (Chopin's The Awakening), to utopian novels (Bellamy's Looking Backward), autobiographies (Keller's The Story of My Life) and the apparently tasteless lyric poems about spiritual hunger (Dickinson's poetry). Senses of Belonging seeks to show how postbellum American literature, in all its forms, transformed civic abstraction into a sensate experience.</p><p>Senses of Belonging builds on and seeks to advance work on embodied citizenship in the broad area of cultural studies by showing how taste, touch, smell, sight and sound articulate otherwise intangible feelings of national belonging. To do so, each chapter is devoted to a single sensation, thereby placing literary treatment of each sensation in the context of political, scientific, and philosophical debates about citizenship. This structure helps draw attention to how each sense perception uniquely registered the multi-faceted experience of belonging in the wake of the Civil War, the bloodiest event Americans had yet experienced. The project's focus on literary form and sense experience is also historical, as it traces modes of national affiliation from the problem of black emancipation during the Civil War, to the "Negro Problem" during Reconstruction, to what W.E.B. Du Bois famously called the "problem of the color line" at the turn of the twentieth century. This chronological arrangement both reframes existing periodizations of nineteenth-century American literature and adds dimension to what is often referred to as the "Gilded Age."</p><p>What emerges from this methodology is a literary analysis of how seemingly disparate and unconnected nineteenth-century American writers shared a central preoccupation with sensory experiences of, and the emotional effects on, everyday civic life. This study crosses disciplinary boundaries in order to chart connections among nineteenth-century writers and thinkers: anthropology, philosophy, and physiology among others. The questions that organize this dissertation are fundamentally literary, for Senses of Belonging demonstrates that the senses do not exist prior to or outside of language, but rather are constituted through literature's rich imaginings.</p> / Dissertation

This thesis is concerned with the cross-modal and synaesthetic perception of musical and visual stimuli. Each of these types of perception has been researched separately, and a hypothesis is presented here that accounts for both cross-modal matching and the development of synaesthesia. This hypothesis claims that sensory information can be evaluated in another modality by using a scale of comparison in that modality. The first set of experiments examines normal subjects performing cross-modal matching with coloured circles and auditory stimuli that vary in complexity. It is shown that subjects use a variety of scales of comparison from both visual and auditory modalities to form matches. As the stimuli increase in complexity, the individual variation in cross-modal matching also increases. The second set of experiments examines matching performance using higher order stimuli, by having subjects evaluate fragments of melodies and complete melodies on affective and descriptive adjective scales. Melodies were also matched with landscape scenes to examine if subjects could form matches between two highly complex sets of stimuli. The final experiments examine synaesthetic associations with colour, evoked from music, letters, numbers, and other categorical information. Common features of synaesthesia from a population of synaesthetes are identified, and experiments performed to test the interference of the synaesthetic associations. Additional experiments are presented that explore the superior short-term memory of one synaesthete, and the role of his associations as a mnemonic device.

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The aim of this thesis is to study the multidimensional relation between the spatial and the social by focusing on Van as a place. In order to understand social processes, it is important to view the complex relation between the spatial and the social. Taking the space-place relation into consideration, this work approaches to the processes of construction and representation of identity of place in the framework of the interrelation between place, culture and identity. Different groups in society are in a constant contestation over the construction of the meaning and the identity of place. This work, studies how place is constituted both materially and imaginarily within this contestation process. Senses of place and the meanings given to places are formed by social, cultural, economical and political situations of the people. Consequently this thesis, discusses the contestation over the representation and the use of place in the context of social, cultural, economical, political processes and power relations. It considers the dynamics which are effective on the constitution of image of Van. It studies the influences of these dynamics on the construction, the use, the transformation and the reproduction of place through the cultural practices of different groups in the city. This thesis, researches the relation between place and culture, the everyday life practices of different groups and the process of production of meaning through these practices.