published_or_final_version / Housing Management / Master / Master of Housing Management

為瞭解寂寞的消費者在消費動機上的呈現，且不同寂寞消費動機與消費行為間的對應關係，以及探討消費行為是否能夠持續有效地改善消費者因寂寞程度所造成的負面感受，本研究目的有三：一、深入探究消費者因應寂寞感的消費動機；二、瞭解不同消費動機與各類消費行為的對應關係；三、寂寞消費者藉由消費行為而產生的情緒是否能夠有效的持續。 本研究先以深入訪談的方式，探究消費者在面對寂寞時的消費動機，以及其消費行為；之後透過問卷調查以量化資料分析寂寞消費動機之類型，並瞭解消費者的消費動機與消費類型之關係，且比較消費者在逛街當下與結束消費後回到家一陣子的消費情緒差異。在深入訪談方面，透過人際網絡轉介合適的受訪者，計進行六次深入訪談，每次訪談時間約為一至一小時半。在問卷調查方面，分別進行兩種施測方式，其中一部分針對正在逛街的消費者進行施測，以得知消費當下的情緒；另一部分則請消費者帶回家填答並郵寄給研究者，以得到消費者在結束消費回到家一陣子後的情緒。共計回收有效樣本數為550份。 研究結果發現：消費者因應寂寞所產生的消費動機確如深入訪談所得之寂寞消費動機類型，包括：一、為了能夠增加人際互動的「追求人際接觸動機」，二、為了能夠完全沈浸在活動中，獲得自我某種特定感受的「追求個人感受動機」，三、為了能夠改變或是離開平日一成不變的人、事、物之「逃離人際環境動機」，四、為了暫時遺忘或是躲避自己內心煩惱、不愉快的「逃離個人心境動機」。此結果除證實過去學者所指出的追求人際接觸動機、追求個人感受動機外，另外，亦驗證由深入訪談所發現逃離面中的逃離人際環境動機與逃離個人心境動機，且高度寂寞感的消費者在逃離個人心境的消費動機明顯較低度寂寞感者更強，在追求人際接觸動機方面則較低度寂寞感者為弱；在消費行為與消費動機兩者關係方面，消費者每月去KTV、PUB、看電影、逛街等娛樂性的支出，受到追求人際接觸動機以及逃離個人心境動機的影響，選購服飾、飾品等置裝性支出則受到四類型消費動機的影響，而在與朋友一起用餐的聚餐性花費則是受到追求人際接觸動機的影響；在時間類別方面的消費中，消費者平日出門逛街的頻率則受到追求個人感受動機與逃離個人心境所驅策，而平日出門花費的時間則受到追求人際接觸動機的影響。最後，本研究發現消費行為無法持續有效的改善高度寂寞消費者的情緒，亦即在不同消費間隔時間下，低度寂寞的消費者，其正在逛街與回到家一陣子後的正向或是負向情緒沒有明顯的差異；然而高度寂寞的消費者，不但整體正向情緒、負向情緒都較低度寂寞的消費者不佳，且高度寂寞的消費者在回到家一陣子後的情緒相較在逛街當下更明顯地低落許多。 本研究在對寂寞消費動機的類型上，首先指出寂寞消費動機包括「追求–逃離」、「人際–個人」兩大寂寞消費動機元素，共可分為四類消費動機，可作為日後研究寂寞感學者之參考；且在消費類別的分類上亦發現與各類寂寞消費動機之關連性，並依此對廠商提出實務上的建議，最後，本研究指出消費行為無法持續有效的改善消費者因寂寞程度所帶來的負面影響，作為消費者選擇因應寂寞感之行動參考。 / The purpose of this study is to realize the diversity of lonely consumers’ shopping motivations and the relationships between their lonely shopping motivations and shopping behaviors. This study also aims to discuss whether negative emotions of lonely consumers can be effectively changed by their shopping behaviors. Hence, this study has three goals: first, to explore in depth the shopping motivations of lonely consumers; second, to identify the relationships between different shopping motivation types and shopping behaviors; and third, to know the difference of the consumers’ shopping emotions in different time points, i.e. during and after their shopping behaviors. The research process of this study is composed of two steps, each employing a different research method. The first step uses in depth interviews to investigate consumers’ shopping motivations when feeling lonely. These in depth interviews were held with six compatible consumers introduced through friends. The second step uses questionnaires to analyze the types of lonely shopping motivations and to discover the relationships between shopping motivations and shopping behaviors. This step utilizes a sample of 550 consumers. All of respondents were reported in two different contexts. Around three fifth of the respondents (331) filled out on the spot during respondents’ shopping process in order to assess his/her emotion at the moment; 219 respondents were asked to bring back the questionnaire and complete at home after shopping so as to determine their post-shopping emotion after a period of time. Results of the sample of 550 consumers show that consumers have four types of lonely shopping motivations, which are the same as the results of the in depth interviews. These motivations include seeking interpersonal contacts, seeking personal feelings, escaping interpersonal environments, and escaping personal moods: the motivation of seeking interpersonal contacts means that consumers want to be in contact with people via interpersonal activities, the motivation of seeking personal feelings refers to consumers wanting to find some specific feelings by involving themselves into activities, the motivation of escaping interpersonal environments indicate that consumers want to change their daily routines, and the motivation of escaping personal moods suggests that consumers want to forget their troubles or the bad moods. Moreover, this study discovers a new set of motivations besides the seeking motivations already pointed out by the academics—the escaping motivations. Consumers with high degree of loneliness are stronger in the motivation of escaping personal moods and weaker in the motivation of seeking interpersonal contacts than consumers with low degree of loneliness. Results also reveal the relationships between lonely shopping motivations and shopping behaviors: the monthly costs of discretion activities such as going to KTVs, pubs, movies, etc. are affected by the motivations of seeking interpersonal contacts and escaping personal moods, whereas the monthly costs for clothing are affected by four kinds of lonely shopping motivations, and the monthly costs of dining with friends are affected by the motivation of seeking interpersonal contacts. Other than costs, the frequency of shopping is affected by motivations of seeking personal feelings and escaping personal moods; the average spending time on the street is also affected by the motivation of seeking interpersonal contacts. Furthermore, comparison of consumer emotions during and after shopping reveals that positive shopping emotions are stronger during shopping than when at home after shopping, but negative shopping emotions are the same for both groups. If consumers have a high degree of loneliness, emotions during shopping are worse than those at home after shopping. However, there is no significant difference for consumers with a low degree of loneliness in their emotions during shopping and at home after shopping. This reveals that shopping behaviors cannot sustainably improve the emotions of consumers with high degrees of loneliness. To sum up the result of this study, when consumers feel lonely they have four types of shopping motivations, including seeking and escaping. This result can be an important framework for the future researches. Moreover, businesses can take the relationships between lonely shopping motivations and shopping behaviors into consideration when designing marketing plans. Finally, consumers should know that the shopping behaviors cannot sustainably ameliorate the negative effects of loneliness.

With the South African retail industry being a major and attractive industry, marketers and retailers are pressured to obtain and maintain a competitive advantage by developing marketing strategies that appeal to various consumers. Retailers need to focus on satisfying consumers’ needs, as well as offering a full shopping experience. Shopping entails more than the mere selection of products. Consumers’ motivation or driving force behind the act of shopping is embedded in satisfying internal needs. These motivations are grouped into two collections, namely hedonic and utilitarian shopping motivations. Consumers driven by hedonic shopping motivations are interested in the shopping experience, as well as the experiential and emotional aspects thereof. However, consumers driven by utilitarian shopping motivations are goal-oriented and concerned with the task-related value and the functional aspects of shopping. Marketers and retailers may use consumer-shopping motives to divide the market into segments and develop strategies to target specific segments. Published literature on the consumer behaviour of the South African black Generation Y cohort is limited and an absence occurs with reference to the shopping motivations of this cohort. In the South African context, individuals born between 1986 and 2005, labelled Generation Y, account for 38 percent of the total South African population, and the black Generation Y individuals represent 83 percent of the total Generation Y cohort. Individuals within the black Generation Y cohort attaining tertiary qualifications are likely to represent the future ‘Black Diamonds’, enjoying higher earnings and a higher social status, which together is likely to make them opinion leaders amongst their peers. For that reason, the black Generation Y student cohort is an exceptionally attractive market segment, and it is critical for retailers and marketers to understand their shopping behaviour and motivations in order to develop effective marketing strategies. The purpose of this study was to determine South African black Generation Y students’ utilitarian and hedonic shopping motivations. The target population of this study comprised full-time undergraduate black Generation Y students; aged between 18 and 24 years and enrolled at South African registered public higher education institutions (HEIs). The sampling frame comprised the 23 registered South African public HEIs. A non-probability judgement sample method was utilised to select one traditional university and one university of technology in the Gauteng province, from the sampling frame. For this study, a convenience sample of 600 black Generation Y students enrolled at these two South African HEIs during 2013 was drawn. The relevant primary data was obtained by means of a self-administered questionnaire, which was hand delivered to the contacted lecturers at each of these two HEIs. These lecturers distributed the self-administered questionnaire during one lecture period. This questionnaire requested the participants to indicate on a six-point Likert scale the level of their agreement or disagreement on 26 items designed to measure their utilitarian and hedonic shopping motivations, as well as to provide certain demographic data. The findings of this study indicate that within the hedonic subscale, black Generation Y students found value and adventure shopping to be the strongest motivators for shopping. Within the utilitarian subscale, black Generation Y students found achievement to be the strongest motivator for shopping. Previous research found gender to have an influence on the hedonic and utilitarian shopping motivations of consumers. This study confirms previous findings where statistically significant differences were found between the shopping motivations of male and female black Generation Y students. The study found significant differences concerning the first-, second- and third-year black Generation Y students’ hedonic and utilitarian shopping motivations. Insights gained from this study will help both marketers and retailers understand the current black Generation Y consumers’ motivations for shopping with reference to hedonic and utilitarian shopping motivations. / MCom (Marketing Management), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2014

Traditional grocery shopping has been the only option for Swedish consumers to purchase groceries for a long time. However, the relatively new format, online grocery shopping is rapidly growing in popularity. Hence, consumers are presented with a completely new grocery shopping experience which has different advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this thesis is to explore which advantages and disadvantages consumers experience with offline, and online grocery shopping to answer the question why consumers chose to buy groceries online. A conceptual model has been developed based on earlier research on grocery shopping, consumer experience and the four dimensions of the marketing mix; product, place, price and promotion. Qualitative data has been collected from two focus groups and five semi-structured interviews to explore what advantages and disadvantages consumers experience connected to offline and online grocery shopping and to understand why consumers chose to buy groceries online. All respondents shared most of the experienced advantages of online grocery shopping. The main reasons why consumers chose to purchase groceries online was to save both time and effort. Moreover, consumers experienced that they saved money due to less spontaneous purchases and fewer shopping trips per week. Online grocery shopping is growing in popularity. Hence, this thesis gives insights relevant to practitioners and academics on why consumers experience a desire to purchase groceries online. The findings of this thesis could help online grocery retailers to respond more efficiently to consumers’ needs and preferences.

Os shopping centers, inicialmente dirigidos às classes alta e média-alta, adaptaram-se a um público diversificado, incluindo o de baixa renda. Diversos fatores explicam tal fenômeno, dentre eles o desejo do consumidor de fugir da violência nas ruas, do trânsito congestionado, das dificuldades para estacionar e para caminhar nas calçadas mal mantidas. Esta tese pretende investigar se, pelo fato de possibilitar aos indivíduos executar um maior número de tarefas em um mesmo local, os shopping centers podem funcionar como agentes redutores de viagens. Ou, ao contrário, por representar alternativa a áreas públicas de lazer e socialização, apresentam-se como provocadores de mais deslocamentos pela cidade. O estudo investiga também se o shopping center substitui a frequência ao estabelecimento de rua ou se estes são complementares. A principal fonte de dados para análise é uma survey realizada com mil respondentes, cuja elaboração foi subsidiada por análise dos dados da Pesquisa OD 2007 e a realização de entrevistas em profundidade. Os indivíduos foram descritos pelo seu perfil socioeconômico, características de viagens e atividades realizadas em shopping e em estabelecimentos de rua, e atitudes manifestas. O estudo revelou que os diversos estabelecimentos comerciais e de serviços são utilizados pelos indivíduos de forma semelhante, estando eles dentro ou fora do shopping, e reafirma a capacidade de atração dos shopping centers nas atividades de lazer. Há o reconhecimento da economia de tempo e, em menor escala, da redução do número de deslocamentos que o shopping potencialmente proporciona. Os resultados mostram que o conjunto de clientes de shopping center pode ser agrupado e descrito em uma quantidade limitada de conglomerados. A amostra foi segmentada em quatro conglomerados distintos segundo o modo de transporte utilizado transporte coletivo ou automóvel e o dia da visita aos estabelecimentos durante a semana ou fim de semana, permitindo caracterizar os grupos de indivíduos segundo comportamentos de visita ao shopping que podem ser classificados segundo seus impactos mais ou menos favoráveis ao desempenho do sistema de transportes. / The development of shopping centers in Brazil aimed initially at a higher income public, but have gradually adapted to catering to a diversity of clients, including segments of lower income. This trend can be explained by many factors, such as the need to avoid violent streets, congested traffic, parking scarcity and walking on poorly maintained sidewalks. The main objective of this thesis is to investigate if, due to the possibility of performing many activities in the same place, shopping centers can lead to a reduction in the number of trips taken by individuals. Or, else, as an alternative to public spaces for leisure and socialization, they can stimulate more trips. The study also investigates if shopping centers are replacing visits to street shops or if these alternatives are complementing each other. The main data source for analysis is an internet survey of 1000 individuals; preparation of the questionnaire was based on information provided by the analysis of the 2007 household origin-destination survey for the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo and a number of in-depth semi-structured interviews. Individuals were characterized by their socioeconomic profile, travel and activity patterns related to shopping and other activities, and responses to a set of attitudinal questions. The results indicate that shopping and services are conducted in equal proportion in shopping centers and in street locations; they also reinforce the hypothesis that shopping centers function as an important alternative for leisure activities. Individuals acknowledge the potential of shopping centers in saving time spent on conducting a set of activities and, to a lesser degree, reducing the number of trips taken for this purpose. Respondents to the survey could be grouped and described by a limited number of clusters. The sample was segmented into four clusters, according to the transport mode used car or public transport and the day of the week in which shopping activities are conducted weekday or weekend. Each cluster of individuals could be characterized according to their behavior (when visiting shopping centers) having a less or more favorable impact on the performance of the transportation system.

Embora os shoppings centers estejam em franco processo de ampliação na economia brasileira ainda são poucas as análises envolvendo shoppings centers, gestão estratégica de marcas e atributos motivadores de escolha pelos consumidores. Este trabalho tem por objetivo contribuir com estes estudos ao analisar os fatores motivacionais determinantes para a escolha de um shopping por parte dos consumidores. São analisados, portanto, a influência da gestão dos shoppings centers sobre a satisfação e o comportamento dos consumidores. A amostra deste estudo foi composta por alunos de graduação de oito cursos de Administração localizados nas cidades paulistas de Barretos, Bebedouro, Jaboticabal e Ribeirão Preto. Adicionalmente, foi realizada uma entrevista em profundidade com os gestores dos três shoppings centers da cidade de Ribeirão Preto. Para a consecução dos objetivos descritos acima, utilizou-se a metodologia de \"survey\" e de estudo de caso. O estudo revelou os atributos motivadores mais valorizados no processo de escolha feito pelos consumidores pesquisados. Os fatores limpeza, manutenção, segurança dentro do shopping e qualidade do serviço prestado receberam altas notas médias e alto grau de importância, atribuídos tanto pelos consumidores, quanto pelos gestores, identificando assim, nestes fatores, um aspecto de grande relevância para ambos os pesquisados. Este trabalho pretende contribuir com a compreensão da importância dos fatores valorados pelos consumidores de shoppings centers e assim sendo, fornecer material para a melhoria da gestão destes empreendimentos. / Although shopping malls are in an expansion process within the Brazilian economy, few are the analyses involving shopping malls, brand strategic management and choice motivating attributes by consumers. This work is aimed to contribute to these studies analyzing the determinant motivational factors for the choice of a shopping by consumers. They are examined, therefore, the influence of shopping mall management on consumers satisfaction and behavior. The study sample was composed of undergraduate students from eight different Management Courses in cities of São Paulo state: Barretos, Bebedouro, Jaboticabal and Ribeirão Preto. Additionally, an interview was conducted in depth with the managers of the three shopping malls in the city of Ribeirão Preto. To achieve the objectives described above, a \"survey\" methodology was used in the case study. The study revealed the motivating attributes which are more influential in the choice made by the consumers in the research. The factors cleanness, maintenance and security in the shopping received high grade of importance and high grades, both by consumers as well as managers, identifying thus, in these factors, a point of great importance for both research. This work aims to contribute to the understanding of the importance factor of attributed by consumers for shopping malls and therefore, provide material for management improvement of these enterprises.

Muito se tem estudado a respeito dos aspectos econômicos e mercadológicos dos Shopping Centers, focando-se essencialmente na relação destes empreendimentos com os consumidores finais. Este trabalho pretendeu abordar esta questão sob a ótica do lojista que se instala em um shopping center. E não exatamente um lojista qualquer, mas o pequeno lojista, ou o lojista satélite, como são chamados estes comerciantes nos empreendimentos. Através da hipótese de que por menor que seja o empreendimento comercial, sempre existirão critérios objetivos de escolha de ponto, procurou-se aqui sistematizar esses critérios, através de uma abordagem teórica que pudesse dar sustentação conceitual ao processo de escolha. Dentre as conclusões do trabalho, verificou-se que apesar de nem sempre aparente, o lojista tem uma clara percepção das características do ponto, embora às vezes tenha que optar por aquele ponto onde sua restrição de orçamento assim o permita. / Many researchers have studied economic and merchandising issues regarding shopping centers, focusing essentially on the relationship between the entrepreneurs and the consumers. This work is intended to provide a different approach, focusing on the relationship from the shopper-owner viewpoint, with an emphasis on small businesses. Based upon the hypothesis that even in the smallest commercial business, everyone should develop some technical criteria to assist in choosing their sites, the author tried to organize these methods, using a theoretical approach in order to support the site study process. Among the conclusions, it was verified that even when the owner cannot use the concepts to choose a site in a shopping center (e.g., because of a restricted budget), he/she has a clear idea about the quality and characteristics of the site locations.

A doutrina internacional costuma conceituar o \"forum shopping\" como a escolha da jurisdição mais favorável ao demandante, nas hipóteses em que haja competências internacionais concorrentes. Toda uma série de fenômenos trazidos com a globalização (sejam eles políticos, sociais ou econômicos) repercute concretamente no direito internacional privado, ampliando as possibilidades de litígios em escala mundial, e trazendo consigo diversas inquietações. O exercício dessa mesma opção em jurisdições estrangeiras, ao longo do tempo, tem levado a doutrina e a jurisprudência internacional a qualificar o forum shopping quer como um abuso do direito processual quer como um direito potestativo legítimo do demandante. A proposta deste trabalho é a análise do fenômeno no âmbito do direito internacional privado, com enfoque nos efeitos de ordem material e processual que refletem nos conflitos instaurados no Brasil e no estrangeiro, analisando-se casos de repercussão internacional. / The international doctrine usually conceptualizes forum shopping as the choice of jurisdiction more favorable to the plaintiff, in the hypothesis where there is international concurrent jurisdictions. A whole series of phenomena brought with the globalization (whether political, social or economic) reverberate concretely in the private international law, expanding the possibilities of disputes in a worldwide scale, bringing with itself several concerns. The exercise of such option in foreign jurisdictions, through out the time, has led the international doctrine and jurisprudence to qualify the forum shopping either as an abuse of procedural right either as a legitimate potestative right of the plaintiff. The purpose of this work is the analysis of the phenomenon in the context of private international law, focusing on the effects of substantive and procedural order that reflect in the conflicts filed in Brazil and in abroad, analyzing the cases of international repercussions.

Este trabalho demonstra que o padrão evolutivo dos shopping centers os conduziu a um enquadramento em três momentos: (i) como centro de abastecimento, quando surge como proposta voltada ao planejamento territorial; (ii) como produto imobiliário, quando agentes deste setor passam a edificá-los e a controlá-los e; (iii) como produto de consumo, quando tendo assumido a condição de mercadoria, tendeu a acompanhar as demandas oriundas dos novos modos de produção e consumo no final do século XX, que incluem o consumo de sensações, experiências e lugares e que tem como marcos a descartabilidade e a necessidade de inovação constante. Em seguida, nota-se que esta condição, de produto de consumo (descartável, mutante, de rápida obsolescência) associado ao caráter inercial das edificações, os torna empreendimentos altamente vulneráveis no contexto da sustentabilidade urbana (econômica e sócio-cultural). Pôde-se concluir assim, que a dinâmica presente nesta dupla condição exige um maior controle do desenvolvimento urbano no que se refere à implantação deste tipo de empreendimento imobiliário. / This paper shows that the evolution of shopping centers standards lead them to a framing at three moments: (i) as a supplying center, when it appeared as a proposal concerning territorial planning; (II) as real estate product, when entrepreneurs from that sector start to build and control them ; (III) as consumption product, when assuming the merchandise condition, it tended to follow the emergent demands from new ways of production and consumption in the end of century XX, that include the consumption of sensations, experiences and places, that has as landmark the necessity of constant innovation. After that, this condition, of consumption product (dismissible, mutant, of fast obsolescence) associate to the inertial character of its buildings, transforms them into highly vulnerable enterprises in the context of the urban sustainability. Concluding, the dynamics concerning this double condition require a higher control of the urban development when refer to this kind of real estate enterprise.

Todo o varejista, ao se estabelecer em um determinado ponto comercial, procura atingir suas metas de crescimento e desenvolvimento do negócio. Para tanto, ele irá verificar, nas diferentes possibilidades do estabelecimento, aquela que se ajustar, mais adequadamente, às suas aspirações e objetivos. Por outro lado, os pontos de venda disponíveis podem ser próprios ou locados, dependendo da disponibilidade de propriedade de cada varejista, bem como da disponibilidade de espaços a serem locados para o exercício da atividade. Nem sempre a propriedade de um ponto é o melhor caminho para o estabelecimento, por conta da adequação ao negócio, acesso, condições de tráfego, dentre outros. No processo de escolha de um ponto por meio de locação, os problemas elencados acima são os mesmos. Mas, nesse caso, o varejista pode selecionar o ponto mais adequado em função das características do negócio e das condições objetivas do local. Entre as possibilidades de escolha do ponto, dependendo do tipo de negócio, os shopping centers podem se configurar como uma solução conveniente para o varejista. E nos shopping centers, atualmente, desenvolvem-se diversas atividades comerciais e de prestação de serviços, que foram se consolidando como sendo ajustadas às necessidades do mercado consumidor e por extensão ao varejo que tenciona atendê-los. Os shopping centers caracterizam-se por cederem espaços às atividades de distribuição de bens e serviços aos consumidores finais, mediante a locação de espaços físicos onde o varejista desenvolverá seu negócio. Esses espaços são cedidos de forma onerosa aos varejistas, que arcam com o chamado custo de ocupação . Esse trabalho visa analisar os modelos existentes de precificação de ativos físicos, como o aluguel do metro quadrado do espaço em shopping centers, verificar, empiricamente de que forma estes valores são determinados, bem como desenvolver um modelo de precificação do valor de locação aplicável às condições do mercado brasileiro. Deve-se destacar que este trabalho pretende trazer uma contribuição à sistematização da bibliografia sobre o assunto precificação de espaços locados para o varejo e dar contribuições teóricas para o referencial de processos de escolha de pontos de venda no varejo, com base em modelos de precificação. / All shop owners, when choosing a location in a commercial site, seek to achieve their targeted growth and the development of their businesses. In doing this, they will choose among the many different location possibilities, selecting the one that they believe will most closely achieve their goals and objectives. On the other hand, the selection of a site location may depend on less than ideal circumstances. The businessman may already be the owner of a retail site, he may not have the financial resources to purchase additional retail sites, or retail sites may not be available in commercial developments. Site ownership is not always the best way to choose the location because of the adequacy of business, accessibility, and traffic conditions, among others. In the selection of a site by location, these types of problems are similar. In this case, however, the retailer can select the more suitable site in relation to the characteristics of the business and the objective conditions of the site. Depending on the type of business, shopping malls can provide a convenient solution to the retailer in site selection. Nowadays shopping malls have developed several commercial and service activities to meet the needs of both the consumers and, by extension, the retailers who intend to serve them. Mall developers locate shopping malls in locations which are conducive to the activities of distribution of goods and services to the final consumers, by means of location of physical spaces where the retailer can develop his business. These spaces are offered to prospective tenants for a payment that covers the cost of occupation. This paper intends to analyze the existing models of pricing for these kinds of physical assets, including the cost per square foot in shopping malls, verify empirically the ways these values are settled, and develop a pricing model to fix this value applicable to Brazilian market conditions. It is important to emphasize that this research project intends to make a contribution to the literature dealing with the issue of retail space location and offer some theoretical contributions to the reference process of choosing a retail site, based upon pricing models.