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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
341

Knowledge sharing for sustainable development : a mixed-method study of an international civil engineering consultancy

Meese, Nicholas January 2012 (has links)
Sustainable development (SD) is a pressing global issue that is becoming increasingly prominent on clients and governing bodies agendas. In order to survive, organisations are seeking ways to negate their detrimental environmental impacts. This is no easy feat: SD is both complex and dynamic. To be successful, organisations need to leverage and expand their most valuable asset – knowledge. Civil engineering plays a significant role in SD – it shapes our environment and governs our interaction with it. However, extant research asserts that civil engineering related disciplines have been slow to adopt SD oriented practices; a possible result of their complex and fragmented organisational environments. The literature suggests that effective knowledge sharing (KS) can overcome these barriers, thus driving enhanced SD performance. Consequently, this research aims to investigate how the civil engineering sector can improve its intra-organisational sharing of SD knowledge, using an international civil engineering consultancy as an exemplar. Whilst there has been much research surrounding KS and SD there has been limited research that has investigated KS for SD, thus this thesis contributes to this limited body of knowledge. Mixed-method research was used to address the abovementioned aim. An increasingly popular approach, it is widely believed to generate greater value through complementary integration of quantitative and qualitative research paradigms. This approach lends itself also to the ethnographic inclinations of the reported research: the author was embedded within the case organisation, and sought a rich and reliable understanding of the study phenomena. An initial set of semi-structured interviews suggested that the case organisation’s members exhibit positive attitudes towards KS and SD, yet are often constrained by a number of common KS barriers, namely: a lack of organisation slack (i.e. time); a silo mentality; and poor SD ICT systems. These socio-cultural and technical barriers were subsequently investigated and contested using social network analysis techniques and an intranet acceptance model. A number of observations are made on the relationships between the findings from the research activities. It is believed the organisation often exhibits a reactive approach to KS for SD, which is deemed undesirable. This signals the need for greater senior management support to cultivate a culture where KS for SD is the norm and is integrated with work practices. A series of recommendations are provided to help the case organisation understand how such change could be cultivated. Several implications follow from this work. The mixed-method approach revealed a number of contradictions between the findings of each research activity. It is therefore postulated that mixed-method designs can provide a richer understanding, thus reducing misconceptions of KS phenomena. Following from this, the research contends that it may be too easy for researchers to identify with ubiquitous KS barriers as the reported research suggests that these may be perceived rather than actual. The research also reinforces the need for senior management support. These individuals govern the systems in which organisational members operate and thus have the ability to enhance KS for SD. Finally, the research demonstrates that SD ICT systems have little impact unless they are embedded in receptive contexts. Thus, an action research approach to KS system development is advocated to ensure systems are shaped to meet user expectations and drive desired KS behaviours. This research is presented in five peer-reviewed articles.
342

Exploring the use of social capital to support technology adoption and implementation

Hamre, Lynne Janine January 2008 (has links)
Information System (IS) implementations are a risky business with studies showing only a 16%-29% success rate. This research explores the use of social capital to support technology implementations. This research brings together two distinct bodies of knowledge: social network analysis (SNA) and technology acceptance models, in order to better understand the relationship between social capital and technology acceptance. The first aspect of the research looks at social network centrality and influence measures as an alternative means to measure social influence in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. The social influence construct has proven to be inconsistent in past research. An individual‟s decision to adopt a new technology is influenced by their social context or the informal social network within which they work. The social capital of others influences their attitudes and decision to adopt a new technology. Social Capital, as measured through social network analysis, could be substituted for the social influence construct of the UTAUT model. Two revised UTAUT models are developed and tested. The second aspect of this research uses social capital to inform membership of a Community of Practice (CoP) to support a Finance Management System implementation in a higher education organization. SNA can be used to gain an understanding of the social network and identify individuals with high social capital. There is growing evidence that CoP support successful organizational change initiatives but it is less clear how CoP membership might be determined. SNA provides an evidence-based approach to CoP formation. The IS implementation cases described in the paper demonstrate an innovative approach to IS implementation grounded in social capital and technology acceptance research that add to the body of knowledge in both theory and practice.
343

Journalist as Information Provider: Examining the One-Voice Model of a Corporate Sports Account

Norris, Tiffany D. 08 1900 (has links)
While journalists were once viewed as gatekeepers, dispensing news and information via one-way communication channels, their role as information provider has evolved. Nowhere is this more apparent than on the social networking site Twitter, where information seekers have unprecedented access to information providers. The two-way communication that these information seekers have come to expect can be challenging for organizations such as ESPN who have multiple Twitter accounts and millions of followers. By designating one team of people as responsible for the organization's largest Twitter account, SportsCenter, ESPN has sought to establish manageable methods of interacting with this account's followers, while furthering the goals of the organization and providing sports news around the clock. This study provides a better understanding of the group responsible for ESPN's SportsCenter Twitter account: the motivation and strategies behind the group's Twitter use as well as the dynamics of this network, such as information flow and collaboration. Relying on the Information Seeking and Communication Model, this study also provides a better understanding of information exchanges with those outside the network, specifically a selection of the account's Twitter followers. Additionally, the role of journalist as information provider and certain themes that emerged from the content of the tweets are discussed. The research employed social network analysis and exploratory, descriptive case study methods. The results of this study contribute to social network and information theory as well as to journalistic and information science practice.
344

As representações de si no Facebook: estratégias de manipulação de impressões entre jovens de São Paulo / The representation of self on Facebook: impression manipulation strategies among young residents of São Paulo

Pedro Felipe Kirilauskas Mancini 29 August 2018 (has links)
A pesquisa buscou compreender as formas de sociabilidade vigentes na rede social Facebook especialmente, sob a perspectiva das representações do eu, conforme presente na sociologia de Erving Goffman (1985). O estudo deteve-se sobre o seguinte problema de investigação: De que forma um certo grupo de jovens moradores da cidade de São Paulo, com condições de vida similares e oriundos das regiões oeste e norte do município, utiliza as ferramentas interativas do Facebook para manipular virtualmente a impressão que causa nos demais? Quais são as semelhanças e diferenças nessa participação? A partir dessa questão, investigamos algumas das principais estratégias de manipulação de impressões adotadas para a administração de representações de si em ambientes virtuais de sociabilidade. O processo investigativo contou com uma abordagem qualitativa ancorada em grupos focais, entrevistas semiestruturadas, observações etnográficas virtuais e análises de conteúdo de publicações expostas nessa rede social. Como hipótese, especulou-se a existência de diferenças significativas entre os jovens na condução de estratégias de representação, que variariam de acordo com as características da rede de sociabilidade administradas pelo indivíduo nesse ambiente interativo. Optou-se pela seleção de um perfil jovem, supondo haver relação entre faixa etária e volume e diversidade da rede de sociabilidade (ou seja: com o número total de pessoas com as quais esses indivíduos se comunicam e com a variedade de pessoas dentro dessa rede). No fim do processo investigativo, pretendeu-se fornecer uma contribuição teórica clara acerca dos impactos sociais resultantes da difusão de formas virtuais de comunicação na sociedade em especial, entre essa parcela dos jovens paulistanos. / This research aimed to understand means of sociability operating on Facebook specially under the perspective of the \"presentations of self\", as in the sociological thought of Erving Goffman (1985). This study aimed the following investigation problem: How certain young residents of São Paulo, with similar life conditions and from West and North regions of the city, use Facebook´s interactional tools to virtually manipulate the impression caused on others? What are the similarities and differences in this use? Thus, we investigated the main strategies of impression manipulation adopted to administrate presentations of self on virtual environments of sociability. The investigative process counted with a qualitative approach flagged on focal groups, semi-structured interviews, virtual ethnographical observations and content analysis of publications published on this social network. As hypothesis, it was speculated the existence of significative differences on the exercise of representative strategies of presentation according to the main characteristics of the social network managed by the individual on this interactive environment. It was selected a young profile, understanding the existence of a relation between age and volume and diversity of social networks (in other words: the total number of people with whom those individuals communicate and the diversity of people inside this network.) At the end of the investigative process, it was aimed the offering of a clear theorical contribution about the social impacts of the diffusion of virtual ways of communications on society specially, among residents of São Paulo of a determinate income profile.
345

As redes sociais em aglomerações de empresas: o caso dos curtumes de Estância Velha

Reyes Junior, Edgar 2008 March 1927 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T18:40:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta dissertação procura analisar aglomerações geográficas de empresas a partir de uma abordagem relacional, partindo da hipótese de que as relações sociais, tanto internas, quanto externas a rede, impactam no desempenho individual das organizações em tais ambientes. A base destas relações é a confiança, que é ao mesmo tempo elemento formador e estruturador do conjunto de relações e que é analisada a partir de seus componentes baseados em características, processos e instituições. Foram estudados os 53 curtumes e indústrias químicas para curtumes de Estância velha, sendo citadas ao todo 250 empresas, em um estudo quantitativo em que utilizou-se como metodologia a análise de redes sociais por esta permitir a mensuração destas relações e criação de um índice relacional. Os principais resultados obtidos permitem afirmar que as relações baseadas em processo e em instituições têm impacto significativo sobre o índice relacional, que as relações extra-rede têm grande importância para estas empresas, sendo que em al / This dissertation seeks analyze geographic agglomerations of companies starting a relational approach, based on the hypothesis that social relations, both internal as external to the network, impacting on the performance of individual organizations in such environments. The basis of these relations is trust, which is both building and structuring element of the set of relationships and is considered as of its components based on characteristics, processes and institutions. We studied all 53 leather and chemical industries of Estancia Velha, and in all 250 companies are listed in a quantitative study in which it was used as methodology of social networks analysis that enable the measurement of these relationships and create a relational index. The main results show that the relations based on process and institutions have significant impact on the relational index, that relations extra-network have great importance for these companies, while some cases end up occupying the central position in the network, in p
346

Análise da influência de relações pessoais na estrutura multicampi da universidade do estado de Mato Grosso

Gadea, Marcia da Silva Cezar 06 December 2010 (has links)
Submitted by Vanessa Nunes (vnunes@unisinos.br) on 2015-03-23T19:03:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MarciaCezar.pdf: 4782700 bytes, checksum: 2a4c5c536b06af7bb72c21aca8d4f147 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-23T19:03:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarciaCezar.pdf: 4782700 bytes, checksum: 2a4c5c536b06af7bb72c21aca8d4f147 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / FAPEMAT - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Mato Grosso / Os modelos de estrutura organizacional usualmente demonstrados desenvolvem aspectos extremamente técnicos, que deixam esquecidas as relações pessoais como variáveis imprescindíveis na própria organização. Considerando esse aspecto primordial, este estudo se demonstra relevante principalmente por analisar essa variável para identificar a influência das relações pessoais na estrutura multicampi da Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, justificando-se a escolha do objeto pelo fato de a UNEMAT possuir campus em 11 cidades do Estado de Mato grosso, com uma distância média de 500 km entre cada campus. Além dos empecilhos que essa geografia determina, foram identificados na instituição escolhida problemas na estrutura de comunicação, falta de sistemas interligados e outros entraves que fragilizam a sua estrutura. Nota-se, ainda, que a atual formação organizacional e administrativa da UNEMAT pode ser relacionada dentro de uma operacionalidade convencional, em que a organização individual segue o princípio da hierarquia funcional na qual os responsáveis por cada unidade recebem autoridade para efetuar a coordenação regional, demonstrando que esta, por sua vez, ocorre com a definição das tarefas e a supervisão das atividades feitas de cima para baixo. A metodologia utilizada foi a análise de redes sociais, permitindo, através de uma pesquisa quantitativa, chegar a um resultado de influência das relações pessoais, tendo embasamento em estudos de teóricos concernentes à ARS – Análise de Redes Sociais, análise de redes, dentre outros. / Models of organizational structure usually demonstrated shows highly technical aspects that leave personal relationships forgotten as essential variables in the organization. Considering this main aspect, this study is mainly relevant for analyzing this variable to identify the influence of personal relationships in the multicampi structure of University of Mato Grosso State, justifying the object choiced because the fact of UNEMAT has campi in 11 cities around Mato Grosso State, with an average distance of 500 km from each campus. Besides the obstacles determined because of this geographical situation, also were identified in the institution problems about communication infrastructure, lack of interconnected systems and other obstacles that weaken the structure of the institution. Moreover, the actual organizational and administrative formation of UNEMAT can be related within a conventional operation, where the individual organization follows the principle of the functional hierarchy, which those people responsible for each unit receives the authority to regional coordination, which occurs since the definition of tasks and supervision of activities carried out from top to bottom. The methodology used was the analysis of social networks, by allowing a quantitative analysis serching for a result of the influence of personal relationships, and grounding in theoretical studies concerning theSNA - Social Network Analysis, network analysis, among others.
347

Evaluation of decentralized email architecture and social network analysis based on email attachment sharing

Tsipenyuk, Gregory January 2018 (has links)
Present day email is provided by centralized services running in the cloud. The services transparently connect users behind middleboxes and provide backup, redundancy, and high availability at the expense of user privacy. In present day mobile environments, users can access and modify email from multiple devices with updates reconciled on the central server. Prioritizing updates is difficult and may be undesirable. Moreover, legacy email protocols do not provide optimal email synchronization and access. Recent phenomena of the Internet of Things (IoT) will see the number of interconnected devices grow to 27 billion by 2021. In the first part of my dissertation I am proposing a decentralized email architecture which takes advantage of user's a IoT devices to maintain a complete email history. This addresses the email reconciliation issue and places data under user control. I replace legacy email protocols with a synchronization protocol to achieve eventual consistency of email and optimize bandwidth and energy usage. The architecture is evaluated on a Raspberry Pi computer. There is an extensive body of research on Social Network Analysis (SNA) based on email archives. Typically, the analyzed network reflects either communication between users or a relationship between the email and the information found in the email's header and the body. This approach discards either all or some email attachments that cannot be converted to text; for instance, images. Yet attachments may use up to 90% of an email archive size. In the second part of my dissertation I suggest extracting the network from email attachments shared between users. I hypothesize that the network extracted from shared email attachments might provide more insight into the social structure of the email archive. I evaluate communication and shared email attachments networks by analyzing common centrality measures and classication and clustering algorithms. I further demonstrate how the analysis of the shared attachments network can be used to optimize the proposed decentralized email architecture.
348

Ciborgues Coquetes: a condição da mulher no Século XXI pela cultura Ciberfeminina

Ferraz, Claudia Pereira 06 March 2015 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudia Pereira Ferraz.pdf: 4269655 bytes, checksum: 902ec29554d10a061cbfc08beae1c3d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-06 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This dissertation is an ethnographic methodological study on feminine and feminist communities of Facebook based on recent studies for data collection and analysis at the virtual context. From the phenomenon of the explosion of technology in social media, I mapped a female category in the social network, that I have termed as "Ciberfeminine . Such terminology, this is a representation of the patriarchal and media features in the femininity digital culture. This analyse used like resource, those online personal profiles (among girls, women and ladies) used to circumvent the ciberfeminino was done, from the practice of hidden observation of personal pages and monitoring of selected communities. The reflex of female at the social network is analysed in this dissertation, from the portraits and self-portraits are "posted", which reproduce a virtual actresses acting in Ciberfeminine at the social network, as Cyborgs Coquettish . Like this, I showed the similarities of the profile characteristics of female culture presented, immersed in Simmelian reference, where the explicit sensuality in the poses, in the looks and in the smiles, surround a segment of female culture called "coquetry." They use the instrumentalized technology to reproduce and disseminate the female image based on sexualized "beauty", working in this way, the social / virtual self-marketing. On the other hand, in the same sphere of social / virtual relationships, the traditional condition persists massacring the woman's sexuality release. As a counterpoint, I presented the recent developments of causes, on which feminists communities in Facebook have raised and have challenged. In this context, the work approaches the female class split into social niches, propagators of coercive values, scaling for online life the ideal of Foulcault panopticon. Thus, I demonstrated that social pressures for visibility may stigmatize or disciplinary female categories, from aesthetic values of image and/or from traditional moral to feminine principles, reflecting the maximum of quantitative signs in Brazilian feminine exposed on Facebook / A presente dissertação é um estudo etnográfico em comunidades femininas e feministas do Facebook baseado nos recentes estudos metodológicos para coleta e análises de dados no contexto virtual. Pelo fenômeno da explosão das tecnologias em mídias sociais, mapeei uma categoria feminina na rede social e a denominei de Ciberfeminino . Tal terminologia, se faz aqui representativa dos traços patriarcais e midiáticos, típicos da mercado na cultura da feminilidade digital. A análise dos perfis pessoais online (entre meninas, mulheres e senhoras) utilizada para contornar o ciberfeminino foi desempenhada, a partir da prática da observação oculta de paginas pessoais e do monitoramento das comunidades selecionadas. O reflexo do feminino na rede social é analisado, por esta dissertação pelos retratos e autorretratos, postados , os quais reproduzem a feminilidade ditada pelos valores tradicionais e midiáticos. Então denominei estas atrizes sociais/virtuais que atuam no Ciberfeminino da rede social, como Ciborgues Coquetes. Assim, demonstrei as semelhanças das características do perfil da cultura feminina apresentada, imersas na referência simmeliana, onde a sensualidade explícita nas poses, nos olhares e nos sorrisos, contornam um segmento da cultura feminina chamado de coquetismo . Estas utilizam a tecnologia instrumentalizada para reproduzir e disseminar a imagem feminina baseada na beleza sexualizada trabalhando desse modo, o seu auto-marketing social/virtual. Por outro lado, na mesma esfera das relações sociais/virtuais está a condição tradicional que persiste em massacrar a identidade libertadora da sexualidade da mulher. E como contraponto, apresentei os recentes desdobramentos das causas, as quais as comunidades feministas do Facebook levantam e contestam. Sob este contexto, o trabalho abordou a classe feminina desmembrada em nichos sociais com valores coercitivos, redimensionando para a vida online o ideal foulcaultiano de panóptico. Desse modo, demostrei que as pressões sociais pela visibilidade podem estigmatizar ou disciplinar as categorias femininas, aos princípios puramente estéticos da imagem e/ou moralmente tradicionais como signos máximos do feminino brasileiro no Facebook
349

Conteúdo jornalístico no Snapchat : apropriação do aplicativo pelo portal UOL

Kannenberg, Vanessa January 2018 (has links)
Esta pesquisa propõe-se a estudar a apropriação do aplicativo Snapchat pelo Portal UOL para produção de conteúdo jornalístico. O foco está em observar as stories, que são narrativas criadas a partir de fragmentos de até 10 segundos que desaparecem após 24 horas, produzidas pelo perfil do UOL. Para isso, selecionamos as stories que foram produzidas sobre política e republicados no site TV UOL, totalizando 28 vídeos com 657 fragmentos, chamados de snaps. A análise empírica foi dividida em duas etapas: uma de caráter quantitativo, que busca observar a ocorrência de elementos previamente mapeados nos snaps; e outra qualitativa, cujo olhar recai sobre como esses snaps são estruturados para criar as stories. Como resultados, apontamos elementos frequentes, como o uso de snaps nativos e a preferência por vídeos frente a outros formatos multimídia, como fotos, textos e áudios. Também observamos que as stories não seguem um padrão e aliam formatos narrativos diferentes, como cobertura do local dos fatos, entrevistas e bastidores. / This research proposes to study the appropriation of the Snapchat application through the UOL Portal for the production of journalistic content. The focus is on watching stories, which are narratives created from fragments of up to 10 seconds that disappear after 24 hours, produced by the UOL profile. For that, we selected the stories that were produced on politics and republished on the site TV UOL, totaling 28 videos with 657 fragments, called snaps. The empirical analysis was divided in two stages: one of quantitative character, which seeks to observe the occurrence of previously mapped elements in the snaps; and another qualitative, whose look falls on how these snaps are structured to create the stories. As results, we point out frequent elements such as the use of native snaps and the preference for videos versus other multimedia formats such as photos, texts and audios. We also note that stories do not follow a pattern and link different narrative formats, such as spot coverage, interviews, and backstage.
350

Online communities : segments and buying behaviour profiles / Online communities : segmentering och köpbeteende profiler

Isaksson, Jonna, Xavier, Stephanie January 2009 (has links)
The concept of communities and the interaction between people are not new concepts. People have always gathered around common conditions shared by those in the group such as shared emotions, interests, beliefs and needs. It is however the way we interact, with whom we interact, and when and where these meetings take place which has changed. This has been a direct result of the development of the internet and exacerbated with the move to the second phase of internet development. This second phase of internet development provides users with real-time functionality enabling interaction with global users in a virtual environment. This interaction is termed online social networking and takes place in online communities.Online communities present opportunities for marketers as they give rise to a virtually unlimited number of different consumers, structured around finer consumption and marketing interests. Research indicates that online community users are market-oriented and therefore online communities provide a meaningful medium of exchange for these users. The challenge for companies today has been trying to develop ways to capitalise on this trend and raise their competitive advantage. However, in order to effectively understand these users, an understanding of their characteristics is fundamental to the development of any tailored marketing campaign. This thesis therefore aims to shed an insight into a segmentation model designed for online communities - firstly by empirically testing it and secondly, by enriching the data with a typology of online buying behaviour characterised by psychographic and behaviour variables. Therefore the research question posed is “Can online community users be classified by their online buying behaviours so that they are useful to marketers?”.The empirical data was gathered quantitatively through an online questionnaire designed to classify the respondents into meaningful segments and clusters. The report reflects a social constructionist methodology where the results have been interpreted and given meaning. The report is based on the segmentation models presented by Kozinets’ ‘virtual communities of consumption’ and Barnes et al. typology on online buying behaviour. This report combines the two models in order to enrich the segmentation model presented by Kozinets’ with attributes of online buying behaviour in order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of online community users. The results indicated that the four online user profiles defined in Kozinets’ model did not show differences in their online purchasing behaviour. Rather all online community users could be categorised by Barnes et al’s three clusters of online buying behaviour.

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