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Sjuksköterskeyrket, i synnerhet arbetet på akutmottagning, är ett yrke vars arbetsmiljö kantas av en mängd olika stressorer. Svenska sjuksköterskors arbete på akutmottagning i relation till stress är inte ett välstuderat ämne. Syftet i studien är att beskriva variationer i hur en grupp sjuksköterskor, verksamma vid akutmottagningar, uppfattar fenomenet stress i arbetsmiljön. Frågeställningarna i studien är: Vad erfar svenska sjuksköterskor som stressorer i arbetsmiljön? Hur påverkas sjuksköterskorna av arbetsrelaterad stress och hur hanteras den? Forskningsansatsen är av induktiv, kvalitativ och fenomenografisk karaktär. Datainsamlingen består av intervjuer med nio sjuksköterskor. Resultatet visade att de främsta stressorerna utlöses av bristande teamarbete, organisatoriska orsaker, ständiga avbrott i arbetet och en känsla av otillräcklighet. Informanterna upplevde flera aspekter av stress i arbetet och att de i olika grad påverkades av den arbetsrelaterade stressen på arbetet. Alla informanter, utom en, uppgav någon slags påverkan från arbetsrelaterad stress på fritiden. Vad gäller stressens påverkan identifierades följande kategorier; Påverkan på kropp och själ, stress som drivkraft, att de egna behoven blir sekundära samt påverkan i förmågan att kommunicera. Den vanligaste copingstrategin i denna studie var av problemlösande karaktär. Resultatet visade vissa likheter med internationella studier i ämnet tex att bristande teamarbete, avbrott i arbetet, konflikter i teamet, hög arbetsbelastning och krävande patienter och anhöriga är stressorer i arbetsmiljön. En slutsats i studien är att sjuksköterskorna sällan stressas av själva patientarbetet, det är andra faktorer i arbetsmiljön som uppfattas som stressorer. Detta underlättar förutsättningarna för ett förbättringsarbete. Studien visade att stressorer, stresspåverkan och stresshantering är av en mångfacetterad karaktär och att upplevelsen är högst personlig. Med en ökad kunskap om stress kan konstruktiva lösningar på problemet leda fram till en god arbetsmiljö. Sjuksköterskorna kan då ägna energi till att uppnå en patientvård i världsklass! / The nursing profession, in particular the work in the emergency department, is a work that is lined a with a variety of stressors. Swedish nurses working in the emergency department in relation to stress is not a well-studied subject. The purpose of the study is to describe variations in how a group of nurses, working in emergency departments, perceive the phenomenon of stress in their work environment. The questions in the study are: What does Swedish nurses experience as stressors in the work environment? How are the nurses affectetd by work-related stress and how is it handled? The research approach is inductive, qualitative and phenomenographic. Data collection consists of interviews with nine nurses. The results showed that the main stressors is triggered by a lack of teamwork, organizational reasons, constant interruptions at work and a feeling of inadequacy. The informants experienced several aspects of stress at work and that they in varying degrees were affected by work-related stress at work. All informants, except one, indicated some sort of impact of work-related stress at leisure. As to the impact of stress the following categories were identified; The effect on body and soul, stress as a driving force, the own needs become secondary and the effect of the ability to communicate. The most common coping strategy in this study were of the problem-solving nature. The results showed some similarities with the international studies on the subject such as the lack of team work, work interruptions, conflicts in the team, heavy workloads and demanding patients and families as stressors in the work environment. One conclusion of the study is that taking care of the patient rarely stresses nurses, there are other factors in the work environment that is perceived as stressors. This facilitates the conditions for improvement projects. The study showed that stressors and the impact of stress are of diverse nature. The experience is highly personal. With greater knowledge of stress constructive solutions can lead to a good working environment. The nurses can then devote energy to achieve a world class patient care!

Text in Afrikaans / Students who study part time find themselves in a situation, with much pressure, which causes stress. The reason for this study was therefore to investigate the effectiveness of Rational Emotive Therapy as a coping technique for students in order to handle stress. A qualitative analysis was conducted and data was gathered primarily through group therapy and interviewing. The results of the research led to the conclusion that Rational Emotive Therapy could be effectively applied by students as a stresscoping mechanism / Educational Studies / M.Ed.

Text in Afrikaans / Students who study part time find themselves in a situation, with much pressure, which causes stress. The reason for this study was therefore to investigate the effectiveness of Rational Emotive Therapy as a coping technique for students in order to handle stress. A qualitative analysis was conducted and data was gathered primarily through group therapy and interviewing. The results of the research led to the conclusion that Rational Emotive Therapy could be effectively applied by students as a stresscoping mechanism / Educational Studies / M.Ed.