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acase@tulane.edu / The Sustainable Development agenda, which will be driving the development discourse of the world in next fifteen years, has 17 goals and 169 target. Goal 3 is related to health and it has 13 targets. Target 3.8 states “Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all”. This target - related to universal health coverage (UHC) is considered the linchpin of all other health targets. Although more than 100 countries across the world are pursuing UHC reforms, there is no one-size-fits-all approach to achieving UHC. It has been recommended that governments should develop approaches that fit the social, economic, demographic, and political context of their countries. Pakistan, the sixth most populous country in the world, underwent its first democratic transition after elections 2013. The 18th constitutional amendment of devolution has made health a provincial subject in the country. As promised in election manifestoes, all the three major political parties ruling provincial governments have recently committed to health financing reforms for achieving UHC. Though the existing literature provides a few key health financing indicators at the national level, there is a paucity of evidence for planning and monitoring UHC reforms at the provincial level. This dissertation, comprised of three papers, addressed this gap by providing empirical evidence on: i) incidence and determinants of catastrophic health expenditure, ii), efficiency of division level health systems in producing UHC tracer indicators. and iii) provincial progress towards Universal health coverage and associated in-equities from 2001-14. / 1 / Faraz Khalid

taxes on vehicles in Czech republic. criterions of efficiency are - technology of toll collect system, analysis of avoiding toll system, income and cost analysis

Domestic gas consumption for central heating is a function both of the efficiency of the heating system and the way in which it is used. While many studies have concentrated on the performance of systems and their controls, there have been few studies of occupant behaviour. The thesis therefore studies household behaviour patterns relating to domestic gas consumption. There are two main aims: firstly, to study a variety of these patterns and, secondly, to make a detailed investigation of one particular behaviour pattern, namely window opening. These two studies centre on 113 households on two local authority estates, where all the dwellings are of similar construction. The first study makes use of two main data sources: quarterly gas consumption readings and data obtained from an in-depth interview with each head of household. It identifies a variety of behaviour patterns and their underlying motivations. Additionally, this study shows that design heat loss and terrace position account for less than a third of the variance in winter consumption. A regression analysis using only behavioural and social variables resulted in a similar proportion of variance being explained. These two sets of independent variables could not justifiably be combined due to their inter-correlations. In conclusion, it was suggested that consumption may not be determined by a few variables of major significance but rather by a large number of inter-acting variables each with a small influence on consumption. The second study, window opening, makes use of three data sources: a series of systematic window observations, meteorological data and data obtained from postal questionnaires. The study identifies the objective correlates of estate-wide window opening, as well as the subjective motivations for the opening and closing of windows. It highlights the wide range of variation in window opening amongst householders. In addition, the study indicates that householders adopt characteristic window opening patterns which they can reliably report.

This paper aims to close a gap in the literature on the cost of payment systems by analyzing the cost of cash and debit cards in Austria. No prior analysis exists, as far as the authors are aware. Using novel data from several sources, the unit costs for cash and debit card payments in 2013 are estimated to be Euro 0.40 and & Euro 0.39, respectively, which are close to the most cost-efficient countries in Europe (the Netherlands and Scandinavian countries). Although Austrian consumers have a much stronger preference for cash than consumers in these countries, the Austrian payment industry appears to have developed relatively cost-efficient institutional structures by relying upon centralization and international outsourcing. However, cost efficiency could be further increased by increasing the share of debit card payments or other cost-efficient digital payment methods.

This diploma thesis evaluates information system of Medeko Cast s.r.o., which deals with production and sale of alloys, casts and semifinished products. Based on the results of these analyzes, it suggests suitable modifications to resolve current state of the system, which should lead to an acceleration of processes, increases effectivity of a work and to overall improvement.

One of the director activities is motivation of workers. The motivation is internal process, that express desire and willingness of human to take a certain pains leading to reach an important goal or result. This work occupies with the motivation and efficiency of the company . To obtain the information about the motivation of work behaviour is used a methody of questonnaire exploration. On basis of result this analysis is identified the problematic areas and suggested posibilities how to improve the motivation and efficiency system of this company.

The thesis is focused on an information system and management assessment of a company. This review is written up on the basis of analysis of the efficiency and the equitability of an individual information system's dimensions. Results of these analysis were later determined as a foundations for a practical part of the thesis which is focused on a suppression of identified issues of the information system and its management and on an enforcement of these improvements in the company.

The subject of the thesis is a price comparison of a variant technical solution of a specific building. The thesis consists of two parts. The theoretical part describes the basic terms used in the processing of calculation and budget, price theory, types of prices and software used for budget. The practical part consists of the proposal of variable technical solutions and their comparison based on the chosen criteria. The conclusion is the evaluation of various variable technical solutions and the selection of the most suitable technical solution regarding the purpose of the building.

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