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The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of the social field as described by Pierre Bourdieu as well as to explore the possibility of creating a more focused and tailored set of conditions in the form of a model to repurpose the field theory to more clearly be applicable to bilateral negotiations. The methodological approach is conceptual analysis based on the epistemology of critical realism. The supporting theories for the approach are a combination of systemic, chaos and complexity theory while the fundaments for the implementation of the methodological approach are the four main concepts in Bourdieu’s theory of the social field:  the field, habitus, illusio and symbolic capital. One of the main points of repurposing this specific dynamic is to explicitly allow for deliberate human agency within the field. Analytical data consists purely of the secondary type. This essay is not empirically based but rather theoretical and abstract. The paper is founded on the basic principles of macrosociology and presumes social agency where appropriate. This paper focuses on creating a tentative framework model based on repurposed concepts derived from Bourdieu. The results are arguably interesting but are mostly limited to affecting further development of this tentative model and prefacing application of it through attempting to implement it in an analytical manner on empirical data.

Cette thèse vise à rendre intelligible l’organisation des acteurs publics en charge de développer les politiques foncières locales sur la côte basque française, en analysant ce système d’action foncier public au fil de la décentralisation, depuis les années 1970 jusqu’à aujourd’hui. L’étude de ce territoire donne à voir les conséquences du repositionnement progressif de l’Etat, et notamment la manière dont les collectivités locales se sont emparées de la compétence de régulation foncière. Le rôle d’expertise foncière assurée auparavant par l’Etat s’incarne aujourd’hui dans une multitude de structures qui contribue à complexifier le jeu d’acteurs local. En parallèle, la société civile basque s’est mobilisée autour des questions foncières, au départ agricoles, et s’est structurée sous la forme d’un système foncier alternatif. La question foncière renvoie alors au modèle de développement territorial souhaitable, ainsi qu’à la question de l’institutionnalisation du Pays basque. / This thesis aims to understand the organization of the public actors who develop local land policies on the French Basque coast, by analyzing this public land action system in the course of decentralization, from the 1970s until today. The study of this territory shows the consequences of the gradual repositioning of the State, including how local governments have taken on the competence of the land regulation. The expertise, previously carried by the State, is ensured today by a multitude of structures, which contribute to complicating the interplay of local actors. In parallel, the Basque civil society has been mobilized around land issues (first in the agricultural policies): an alternative system has been built. The land issues pose in new terms the inescapable question of the institutionalization of the Basque Country.

Submitted by Vinicius Rafael Bianchi (vini_bianchi@hotmail.com) on 2015-12-14T12:09:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Vinicius Rafael Bianchi.pdf: 4843088 bytes, checksum: acd51851a8b271398245547f942d984e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cássia Adriana de Sant ana Gatti (cgatti@marilia.unesp.br) on 2015-12-17T17:58:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Vinicius Rafael Bianchi.pdf: 4843088 bytes, checksum: acd51851a8b271398245547f942d984e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-17T17:58:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Vinicius Rafael Bianchi.pdf: 4843088 bytes, checksum: acd51851a8b271398245547f942d984e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-25 / Este estudo teve como principal objetivo fazer uma análise dos sistemas agrários do município de Palmital/SP, localizado na região centro oeste do estado de São Paulo, mais precisamente na região do Médio Paranapanema, por meio de uma contextualização histórica, da análise da paisagem e dos estudos existentes sobre este município. Em seguida se estabeleceu a tipologia dos produtores rurais de Palmital/SP e dos sistemas de produção por eles praticados. Tal abordagem está baseada em um enfoque sistêmico, pautadas nas premissas da ferramenta do diagnóstico de sistemas agrários. Definidas as tipologias, foram estabelecidas as distintas formas de geração de renda daqueles sistemas produtivos na referida localidade. Assumindo a importância da variável renda na manutenção e reprodução dos sistemas de produção agrícola, por meio de análise estatística multivariada (modelo de regressão múltiplo) foram identificados quais são os fatores que interferem positiva ou negativamente na renda agrícola dos produtores rurais. A coleta dos dados para análise foi feita por meio de um formulário de pesquisa aplicado a uma amostra de produtores rurais estratificada, proporcional à condição do estabelecimento rural. Todos os dados coletados estão compreendidos entre o período de agosto de 2013 a julho de 2014. Os resultados deste trabalho permitiram apontar as transformações dos sistemas agrários da região estudada bem como a presença de distintos tipos dos produtores rurais: patronais e familiares, com diversificação nos sistemas produtivos destes, respectivamente, e com casos em que se evidenciaram aqueles fatores que influenciavam no resultado obtido na renda agrícola de maneira positiva ou negativamente. Enfim, possibilitando elaborar propostas de desenvolvimento rural ao município de Palmital/SP. / This study aimed to make an analysis of agrarian systems of the city of Palmital / SP, located in the center west region of São Paulo, more precisely in the Middle Paranapanema, through a historical context, landscape analysis and of existing studies on it. Then it was established the typology of farmers of the municipality and of production systems by them. Such an approach is based on a systemic approach, guided the premises of the diagnosis of agrarian systems tool. Defined typologies, the different forms of income generation of productive systems in that locality were established. Assuming the importance of equity in the maintenance and reproduction of agricultural production systems by means of multivariate statistical analysis (multiple regression model) were analyzed what are the factors that interfere positively or negatively in the agricultural income of farmers. Data collection for analysis was done through a survey form applied to a stratified sample of farmers, proportional (to the condition of the farm). All data collected are between the period August 2013 to July 2014. These results point allowed the transformation of agrarian systems of the study area and the presence of different types of farmers: employers and family, with diversification in these production systems, respectively; in cases in which it showed those factors that influence the result obtained in agricultural income positive or negative way. Anyway, enabling elaborate proposals for rural development to the city of Palmital / SP.

O principal objetivo desta dissertação é identificar os perfis de comportamentos dos executivos que realizam transação do tipo comprador-vendedor em cursos de educação continuada de São Paulo, utilizando-se de um instrumento denominado TKI®. A amostra foi composta de 145 entrevistas com escolha por conveniência da autora. Cada um dos executivos respondeu a dois questionários contendo: caracterização do perfil do executivo e o instrumento TKI®, versão oficial do distribuidor no Brasil. Os resultados constatam a presença do estilo evitando para os grupos de compradores e vendedores, o que causou surpresa dada a natureza da atividade da profissão. Compradores concedem menos do que os vendedores e são mais competitivos. O estilo conciliando predomina em ambos os grupos com maior freqüência de respostas da amostra. / This study aimed at identifying and evaluating the negotiation styles among buyer-seller transactions in training programs of universities of São Paulo state, using the Thomas-Kilmann (TKI®) instrument. The sample was composed by 145 respondents with interviews among students of MBAs. Each executive answered two questionnaires: the TKI® instrument and perception questionnaire. Surprisingly it was found high frequency for avoiding style both for buyers and sellers. Buyers are less accommodating and more competing than sellers. Compromising style is predominant in both samples of buyers and sellers.

A busca pelo Desenvolvimento Sustentável inclui estratégias como o maior uso de formas de energia renováveis, que tenham menores impactos no meio ambiente, que tragam benefícios sociais, como geração de empregos, desenvolvimento científico, por exemplo e que tragam benefícios econômicos, como o barateamento do acesso à energia e uma menor dependência ao petróleo, entre outros. No Brasil, a principal fonte de geração de energia elétrica é a hidráulica que precisa ser complementada a fim de garantir um fornecimento estável. Uma forma de energia que tem grande potencial de geração no Brasil é a eólica, que compõe apenas uma pequena parte da matriz energética brasileira, mas que vem ganhando destaque nos leilões, por conta de sua competitividade. No entanto, para que o setor se consolide no país, ainda há diversos desafios. O presente trabalho se propôs a compreender o setor e esses desafios. Além de colaborar para o setor e ajuda-lo com a melhora da informação e sensibilização da opinião pública sobre energias renováveis, o trabalho pode ser de grande valia para o enriquecimento da literatura relacionada, visto que ele supre uma lacuna de trabalhos acadêmicos que analisam o setor de forma tão ampla e com tais metodologias. Foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa dividida em duas etapas. A primeira trata-se de uma análise do setor e do ambiente em que ele está inserido, na qual foram analisados aspectos político-legais, econômicos, sociais, ambientais e tecnológicos, bem como oportunidades e ameaças do setor. Em um segundo momento, a fim de complementar essa análise, foi realizada uma análise do sistema por meio da Soft System Methodology. Para as análises propostas foram coletadas informações secundárias, principalmente utilizadas na primeira parte da análise e informações primárias, coletadas por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada, que, juntamente com as informações da primeira etapa, foi analisada na segunda etapa. Como conclusão do trabalho, foram colocadas sugestões úteis à busca de competitividade do setor. Já que a utilização de fontes de energias renováveis é importante para a busca de Desenvolvimento Sustentável e que o Brasil tem grande potencial de tornar prática essa estratégia por meio da energia eólica, percebeu-se que é necessário incentivar o setor desenvolvendo novas linhas de financiamento, investindo-se em inovação e capacitação de recursos humanos, realizando trabalhos de conscientização do público em geral e trabalhando para que se reduza as dificuldades de implantação de projetos. Isso demonstraria os esforços do país na procura por um desenvolvimento econômico e social, que leve em consideração o meio ambiente e sua sustentabilidade, o que deveria ser feito em âmbito global. / The pursuit of sustainable development includes strategies such as increasing the use of renewable forms of energy that have less impact on the environment, that bring social benefits such as employment generation, scientific development, for example and bring economic benefits, such as cheaper access to energy and less dependence on oil, among others. In Brazil the main source of electricity generation is hydro needs to be supplemented in order to ensure a steady supply. A form of energy that has great potential generation in Brazil is the wind, which makes up only a small part of the Brazilian energy matrix, but it is gaining prominence in the auction because of their competitiveness. However, for the sector to consolidate in the country, there are still many challenges. This study aimed to understand the industry and these challenges. In addition to collaborating for the sector and help it to improve information and raise public awareness about renewable energy, the work can be of great value to the enrichment of the related literature, since it fills a gap in academic papers by analyzing the industry widely and using such methodologies. A qualitative research divided in two steps was developed. The first is an analysis of the industry and his environment, in which political-legal, economic, social, environmental and technological aspects, as well as opportunities and threats in the industry were analyzed. In a second step, in order to complement this analysis, an analysis of the system via the Soft System Methodology was held. For the proposed analyzes were collected secondary information, mainly used in the first part of the analysis and primary data collected through a semi-structured interview, which, together with information from the first step, the second step was analyzed. As completion of the work, were placed in the search for useful suggestions competitiveness of the sector. As the use of renewable energy is important to the search for sustainable development and that Brazil has great potential to make practice this strategy through the use of wind enrgy, it was realized that it is necessary to encourage the industry to develop new lines of financing, by investing in innovation and training of human resources, and undertaking public awareness in general and working for reducing the difficulties of implementing projects. This would demonstrate the country\'s efforts in the search for economic and social development that takes into consideration the environment and its sustainability, what should be done globally.

La méthode du Pincement a été développée et utilisée dans le secteur de la pétrochimie. Le nombre de flux y est important et la consommation énergétique est un critère décisionnel fort. D'autres secteurs énergivores tels la métallurgie, la production de papier et de pâte à papier ou l'industrie agroalimentaire peuvent bénéficier de cette approche structurée. Par ailleurs, l'intégration d'utilités thermodynamiques complexes comme les pompes à chaleur ou les unités de cogénération peut réduire significativement la consommation d'énergie d'un procédé, sans avoir à en modifier la technologie.Un algorithme de conception d'un réseau d'échangeurs à partir de flux thermiques à été choisi dans la littérature, puis deux fonctionnalités lui ont été ajoutées : la différenciation des technologies d'échangeur et la prise en compte de flux "disponibilités" à température de sortie variable. Un module de présélection a été développé pour proposer et dimensionner des utilités thermodynamiques à partir de la grande courbe composite et d'un critère exergétique. Il est utilisé en amont de la conception du réseau d'échangeurs.Ces deux algorithmes ont été intégrés dans un logiciel dédié à l'intégration énergétique de procédés à partir des flux thermiques des opérations unitaires. Plusieurs validations ont été faites sur des cas théoriques de référence issus de la littérature ainsi que sur des cas industriels réels nécessitant la modélisation des procédés. L'enchainement des deux algorithmes débouche sur l'obtention de résultats concrets et technologiquement réalistes. L'amélioration apportée par les solutions est calculable à chaque étape. / The pinch analysis has been developed and exploited in the petrochemical sector. There are numerous heat fluxes and energy consumption is a strong decision criterion. Other energy-intensive sectors such as metallurgy, pulp and paper and food & drink industry can benefit from this systemic approach. Moreover, integration of complex thermodynamic utilities such heat pumps or Combined Heat and Power units can significantly reduce the energy consumption of a process, without having to interfere with the process technology.An algorithm for heat exchangers network design from heat fluxes was chosen in the literature and two features were added to it: Ability to pick different heat exchanger technology and creation of "availabilities" heat fluxes whose outlet temperature is variable. Preselection tool has been developed from grand composite curve and exergetic criterion to propose and pre-size thermodynamics utilities. It is used upstream of the heat exchangers network design step.These two algorithms have been integrated into a software for energy integration of process unit operations heat fluxes. Several validations were made on study cases from the literature as well as on industrial cases which require process modelling. The both algorithms sequence allows achieving practical and technologically feasible results. Improvement on energy consumption provided by the solutions can be calculated at each step.

Aujourd’hui les attentes en terme de performance énergétique, environnementale, mais également économique et sociale, toujours de plus en plus élevées, rendent de plus en plus complexe l’acte de construire et compliquée la prise de décision en phase de conception. Aussi l’enjeu de demain est notamment d’accompagner les acteurs de la construction dans le choix de composants de construction les moins risqués et les plus appropriés pour un projet de construction donné. Cette thèse est née de la volonté de répondre à cet enjeu. Aussi, l’objectif de cette thèse a été de développer une méthode d’évaluation de l’impact de l’intégration d’un composant de construction sur la performance globale (énergétique, environnementale, économique et sociale) d’un bâtiment tout au long de son cycle de vie. L’appropriation de la culture du risque, son appréciation (identification, analyse et évaluation), ainsi que son management dans le domaine de la construction est un phénomène récent, encore principalement à l’état de recherche. Cependant d’autres domaines tels que le nucléaire, l’aéronautique ou la finance ont déjà acquis des connaissances, développé des outils, méthodes et techniques et mis en exergue des bonnes pratiques et des précautions à suivre. Ainsi nous avons choisi de nous appuyer sur cela pour développer notre méthode et notamment nous avons fait le choix d’utiliser la méthode classique de Cooke (1991) pour pondérer les jugements d’experts et s’assurer qu’ils soient les plus représentatifs de la réalité. La méthode proposée ici se décompose en trois étapes. La première est une étape préliminaire qui permet d’une part de définir les objectifs de performance à atteindre pour un bâtiment performant en construisant une famille d’indicateurs de performance et d’autre part de choisir entre les deux étapes suivantes. Soit le composant de construction est largement diffusé et le processus principal est mis en œuvre. Soit il est innovant et c’est le processus secondaire qui est mis en œuvre. In fine la méthode permet : 1) d’identifier les couples ‘aléa/risque’ associés au composant étudié (composant largement diffusé ou innovant) ; 2) de mettre en évidence, grâce à l’aide d’un jeu de poids pondérant les indicateurs de performance représentant la performance globale à atteindre pour un bâtiment donné : a) les indicateurs les plus sensibles au regard de ce composant (composant largement diffusé) b) l’impact de l’intégration du composant via les couples ‘aléa/risque’ recensés sur tout le cycle de vie du bâtiment à l’échelle du composant et à l’échelle du bâtiment (composant largement diffusé). Elle a été expérimentée sur deux composants de construction, l’un largement diffusé, l’autre innovant et cela a permis de mettre en exergue ses avantages, limites, perspectives et améliorations d’un point de vue théorique. Mais également d’identifier des bonnes pratiques, des risques et des apprentissages associés à sa mise en application. Sa force réside dans son déploiement à grande échelle. Plus elle sera mis en œuvre sur un grand nombre de composants de construction d’une même famille et plus elle apportera un intérêt dans l’aide à la conception grâce à la comparaison entre ces composants pour choisir le plus approprié et le moins risqué pour un projet de construction donné. / Current expectations in terms of energy, environmental, economic and social performance, are increasingly higher, making more complex the act of building and complicating decision-making in the design phase. Therefore, tomorrow's challenge includes the support of construction stakeholders in the choice of the least risky and most appropriate construction components for a given construction project. This PhD was born of the desire to respond to this challenge. The objective being to develop a method for assessing the impact of the integration of a construction component on the overall performance (energy, environmental, economic and social) of a building throughout its life cycle. The appropriation of the risk culture, its assessment (identification, analysis and evaluation), and its management in the field of construction is a new phenomenon, still mainly in the state of research. However, other fields such as nuclear, aeronautics or finance have already acquired knowledge. Tools, methods and techniques were developed and highlighted good practices and precautions to be followed. This robust basis was used to develop our method and in particular, the classical method of Cooke (1991) was used to weigh the expert judgments in order to ensure a better representativeness of reality. The proposed method is composed of three steps. The first is a preliminary step that allows to define the objectives of performance to be achieved for an efficient building by building-up a family of performance indicators. It also allows to choose between the two next steps. Either the construction component is largely distributed and the main process is implemented, or it is innovative component and the secondary process is implemented. In fine the method enables : 1) to identify the 'hazard/risk' pairs associated with the component studied (largely distributed or innovative component) ; 2) to highlight, by weighting the performance indicators representing the overall performance to be achieved for a particular building : a) the most sensitive indicators regarding this component (largely distributed component) ; b) the impact of the integration of this component through the 'hazard/risk' pairs identified throughout the life cycle of the building at the component scale and at the building scale (largely distributed component). It was tested on two construction components, one largely distributed, the other innovative, which has highlighted the method advantages, limits, prospects and improvements from a theoretical point of view. But also to identify good practices, risks and learning associated with its implementation. Its strength lies in its large-scale deployment. The more it will be implemented on a large number of construction components of the same family, the more it will bring an interest in design assistance by comparing these components to choose the most appropriate and least risky for a given construction project.

De trop nombreux évènements survenus la décennie passée illustrent la gravité et l’étendue des impacts auxquels les territoires peuvent être confrontés. L'atteinte aux infrastructures critiques peut induire de très nombreux dysfonctionnements en cascade pouvant plonger ce territoire et sa société dans une crise de grande ampleur. Les interdépendances entre ces activités essentielles et celles avec la population accentuent leur fragilité. Afin d'évaluer les impacts directs et indirects d'une perturbation majeure, la méthodologie développée étudie la problématique sous un angle multisectoriel répondant ainsi à une prise en compte de la complexité des territoires. Dans un premier temps, le territoire via ses activités essentielles et sa population est modélisé en s'appuyant sur les liens d'interdépendance existants. Sur la base d'un évènement initial donné, la méthode identifie les scénarios de propagation possibles et leurs conséquences sur les "usagers" concernés par la délivrance des services touchés. Cette simulation permet ainsi d'apprécier la résilience systémique des enjeux du territoire. Basé sur une approche systémique et spatiale, ce travail a pour objectif de fournir une aide à la décision à la planification des mesures de continuité et de rétablissement d'activité ou à la mise en place de mesures de traitement des risques. / Too many dramatic events occurred over the last ten years have demonstrated the severity and extent of impacts that territories may be confronted with. Damages to critical infrastructures may have a variety of downfall disturbing effects, which can lead territories and society into a huge crisis. Interdependency between these essential activities on the one hand, and between these activities and the population on the other hand, increases their vulnerability. This thesis presents a methodology to better assess direct and indirect impacts of a major disturbance. The issue is addressed from a multi-activity perspective, to take into account territories complexity.In the first stage, a territory is modeled using existing interdependency links between essential activities and the population. The methodology then identifies, based on a defined initial event, possible propagation scenarios and their consequences on services “users”. Finally, this simulation gives an assessment of the territory stakes resilience. This works provides a decision-making tool for the development of activity continuity plans, or risk assessment and mitigation policies.

Supervision is dramatically growing domain in the past few years. There are many origins which influence its practice and psychotherapy models are one of them. It is important to be conscious of the influence of theoretical background, which can colour end guide course of supervision. We can find increasing use of systemic approach in the practice, therefore this work focus on its application in supervision. We can find lack of resources specific for using systemic approach in the supervision in the social and health care services, so it is important to turn the attetntion to experiences of supervisors using this approach in their practice in this field. The study is concentrating on - what are the stands of supervisors to systemic aproach and what are their experiences with using this approach in practice of supervision. Semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire are used for obtaining outcomes. The data were analysed in qualitative approach. Outcomes of this study indicate emphasis on stands of the supervisors, rather than on "simple" aplication of methodological operations. Practice of supervisors confirms, that systemic approach can be very well applied in supervision. We can consider interesting, that the modality of supervisors work corresponds with current integrative trend in...