Thesis (Th. M.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 1988. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-104).

Thesis (Th. M.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 1988. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-104).

Typescript.

This study examined Taiwanese ESL learners' perception and production of English interdental fricatives (IFs) with respect to three variables: perception errors, production errors, and three ranges of length of residence (LOR) in the US (LOR < 1 year; LOR= 3-4 years; LOR ; at least 7 years). Through the investigation, several relationships among perception, production errors, and LOR were revealed. In addition, the types and patterns of the pronunciation errors as well as the phonological processes involved in the mispronunciations were investigated. The instrument included both perception and production tasks, as well as a demographic questionnaire. More specifically, the production task contains two syllable positions: word initial and word final; two sources: word list and text. The data were analyzed through auditory and spectrographic devices with an involvement of an inter-rater agreement. The results showed that there was a positive relationship between perception and production errors for each of the three groups. Namely, the more perception errors made by the Taiwanese ESL learners, the more production errors occurred. The correlation increases with each group, i.e., with LOR. The relationship between LOR and perception and production errors were significantly negative as the longer the learners had stayed in the US, the fewer errors in perception and production were made and vice versa. A descriptive analysis revealed that the initial theta and the final eth are the most difficult sounds for the Taiwanese learners to perceive. In addition, both voiceless and voiced IFs were found to be difficult to pronounce in the final position. Regarding the source where the target sounds were located, the results indicated that reading text (rather than a word list) caused more pronunciation errors for most of the learners except the group with LOR at least 7 years, which had a better performance in the production task compared with the other two groups, regardless of which source the target sounds were located. From the overall findings, ESL teachers are encouraged to apply multiple teaching tools and to provide feedback with effective correction techniques to learners in order to adjust and overcome their pronunciation errors.

This is a study of nationalism and its visual representation in Taiwan’s architecture. Although nationalism studies have achieved significant theoretic breakthroughs in sociology, politics and history over the past decades, its close relationship with architecture has not received enough attention. In recent related architectural literature, too much emphasis is placed on stylistic analysis concerning ‘national style’, and less on those wider social, cultural and political factors which also play an important role in shaping nationalistic architecture during nation-formation. In order to bridge the gap, this thesis attempts to carry out a cross-disciplinary study, engaging architecture with the notion of nationalism and other relative perspectives in a quest for better understanding. In doing so, Taiwan’s nationalistic architecture is divided into four different building types: the martyrs’ shrine, the museum, the parliament building and the memorial hall. By examining these types and cases, this thesis argues that nationalistic architecture is a particular type of building created by specialised architects who were encouraged to select certain visible and cultural markers, establishing a symbolic link connecting the current nation with its previous ethnic roots in the service of politics during the age of nation-building. As a part of a growing body of research on nationalism and its architectural representations, this thesis aims to advance our understanding of the important issue regarding the relationship between nationalism and architecture in Taiwan, and to contribute to future research on similar topics.

As one of the most prominent Taiwanese film director, Wei Te-sheng’s films have been the focus of attention from publicity and film prize committees. Most of his film works focus on Japan-Taiwan theme. Based on auteur theory, this thesis examines the colonial and postcolonial relationship between Japanese and Taiwanese by analyzing the Taiwanese film director Wei Te-sheng’s three films, Cape No.7 (2008), Seediq Bale (2011), and Kano (2014). From the historical view in terms of the colonial relationship between Taiwan and Japan, this thesis reveals the Taiwanese’s ambivalence toward its ex-colonizer and explores the reasons behind the particular and complex relationship between Taiwanese and Japanese colonists. Since decentralization is the most noticeable manifestation of such colonial and postcolonial relationship, this thesis also probes into the reason why decentralization evokes nostalgic feelings among Taiwanese. This thesis interprets Wei’s film based on auteur theory. Auteur’s imprint is to be found both in style and basic motifs in Wei’s films as following three distinguished features: non-linear narrative, voiceover, and the use of allusion. There contain two aspects of the colonial relationship reflected on Wei Te-sheng’s films, the oppressor and the oppressed, and the emotional bond. Explanations of paradoxical pro-Japan attitude are manifested in the following two aspects: ineffectiveness of the KMT government, and contribution of Japanese colonial government, including improvement of infrastructure, promotion of economics growth, and colonial education. Three major films directed by Wei have all set in the rural areas. The praise for the energy and enthusiasm of rural dwellers is indicative of the shift in focus from urban to rural areas. Cape No.7 and Kano, reveal that Taiwanese hold a deep emotional appeal for building warm and harmonious communities in a society constantly shaped by industrialization and urbanization. Cape No.7 and Kano have brought a familial sense of community back to the audience. On the island’s mad rush toward modernization, these two films presented what was lost and sacrificed during this process: harmony with nature, a sense of community, time-honored cultural traditions and local cultures and ways of life. The popularity of the two films reflects the audience’s romantic imagination toward the irretrievable rural life, and reveals that they were nostalgic for the close-knit, intimate, direct interpersonal relationships in rural areas. The atomization of existence is associated with the current situation of cities, where each individual human beings is increasingly isolated. Under such circumstances, two films featuring a sense of community evoked a historical retrospection of the urbanization. The seemingly conservative rural areas preserve the precious complex that people aspire to retain, though it might be spotlighted through a reminiscing filter, the close-knit community with intimate, direct and simple interpersonal relationships.

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Ming, Sze Chai. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 132-140). / Abstracts in English and Chinese, some text in appendix also in Chinese. / ABSTRACT / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT / TABLE OF CONTENTS / LIST OF FIGURES / LIST OF TABLES / LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS / Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter 1.1 --- Research Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Research Questions and Objectives --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3 --- Research Significance --- p.3 / Chapter 1.4 --- Research Area --- p.4 / Chapter 1.5 --- Thesis Outline --- p.6 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- URBAN TRANSFORMATION OF CHINA AFTER 1979 / Chapter 2.1 --- Urban Development before 1978 --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2 --- Two Fundamental Issues of Urban Transformation in China --- p.9 / Chapter 2.3 --- Major Transformation in the Post-Reform China --- p.11 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- The Emergence of the Market --- p.11 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Decentralization --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Globalization --- p.13 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- A New Form of Government Behaviour: Growth Coalitions --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3.5 --- Interaction between Central and Local Government --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3.6 --- Interaction among Local Governments --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3.7 --- Changes in the Social-Cultural Environment --- p.22 / Chapter 2.4 --- Previous Studies on Kunshan --- p.27 / Chapter 2.5 --- Summary --- p.29 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND RESEARCH DESIGN / Chapter 3.1 --- Research Objectives --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2 --- Conceptual Framework: System Approach --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Components and Operation of a System --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2.1.1 --- Inputs --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2.1.2 --- Processes --- p.38 / Chapter 3.2.1.3 --- Outputs --- p.38 / Chapter 3.2.1.4 --- Feedback --- p.39 / Chapter 3.3 --- Research Framework and Design --- p.39 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Case Study --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Documentary and Data Analysis --- p.41 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Interviews --- p.41 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Fieldwork --- p.43 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Limitations --- p.44 / Chapter 3.4 --- Summary --- p.44 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR --- OVERVIEW OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN KUNSHAN / Chapter 4.1 --- Local Development Conditions --- p.46 / Chapter 4.2 --- Economy --- p.47 / Chapter 4.3 --- Population --- p.52 / Chapter 4.4 --- "Housing Conditions, Living Conditions and Education" --- p.54 / Chapter 4.5 --- Infrastructure --- p.55 / Chapter 4.6 --- Land --- p.56 / Chapter 4.7 --- Landscape --- p.57 / Chapter 4.8 --- Spatial Dimensions of Urban Development --- p.61 / Chapter 4.9 --- Summary --- p.66 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE --- ROLE AND INTERACTION OF PLAYERS IN THE PROCESS OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT / Chapter 5.1 --- "Role of Government, Business Sector and Civil Society in Urban Development" --- p.67 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Government --- p.68 / Chapter 5.1.1.1 --- Recognizing and Realizing the Locational Advantage --- p.68 / Chapter 5.1.1.2 --- Improving the Quality of Life --- p.70 / Chapter 5.1.1.3 --- Maintaining Social Harmony --- p.70 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Business Sector --- p.71 / Chapter 5.1.2.1 --- Propelling Economic Growth --- p.72 / Chapter 5.1.2.2 --- Facilitating Economic Restructuring --- p.73 / Chapter 5.1.2.3 --- Enriching Social Life --- p.74 / Chapter 5.1.2.4 --- Helping Kunshan Catch up and Align Itself with Modem Cities --- p.75 / Chapter 5.1.2.5 --- Maintaining Social Harmony --- p.77 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- Civil Society --- p.78 / Chapter 5.2 --- Economic Interaction --- p.80 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Pro-growth Coalitions between Government and the Business Sector --- p.81 / Chapter 5.2.1.1 --- The 1980s: The Period of Sowing --- p.81 / Chapter 5.2.1.2 --- The Early to Mid 1990s: The Period of Active Promotion --- p.82 / Chapter 5.2.1.3 --- The Late 1990s to 2007: The Emergence of a Coalition --- p.84 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Interaction within the Business Sector --- p.88 / Chapter 5.2.2.1 --- Interaction between the Manufacturing and Service Sectors --- p.88 / Chapter 5.2.2.2 --- Interaction within the Service Sector --- p.89 / Chapter 5.3 --- Social Interaction --- p.91 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Within Companies --- p.91 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Among Companies --- p.93 / Chapter 5.4 --- Summary --- p.96 / Chapter CHAPTER SIX --- THE IMPACT OF TAIWANESE ON URBAN CULTURE: THE CASE OF FOOD CULTURE / Chapter 6.1 --- Representation and Implication of the Nickname “Little Taipei´ح --- p.99 / Chapter 6.2 --- Four Case Studies of Food Shops in Kunshan --- p.100 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Restaurant A - Traditional Taiwanese Food Shop --- p.101 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Restaurant B - A Taiwanese International Catering Group --- p.105 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Restaurant C ´ؤ A General Local Food Shop --- p.109 / Chapter 6.2.4 --- Restaurant D ´ؤ Ethnic Food Shop --- p.111 / Chapter 6.3 --- Analysis of the Food Culture in Kunshan --- p.114 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Taiwanese Food is Everywhere --- p.115 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Mainlanders and Taiwanese Interaction --- p.116 / Chapter 6.4 --- “Little Taipei´ح - How Far does It Go? --- p.117 / Chapter 6.5 --- Spatial Pattern of the Food Shops --- p.120 / Chapter 6.6 --- Summary --- p.123 / Chapter CHAPTER SEVEN --- CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION / Chapter 7.1 --- Major Findings and Discussion --- p.124 / Chapter 7.2 --- Future Studies --- p.130 / BIBLIOGRAPHY / APPENDIX / Appendix One Questions to Mainlanders (in English) / Appendix Two Questions to Mainlanders (in Chinese) / Appendix Three Questions to Taiwanese (in English) / Appendix Four Questions to Taiwanese (in Chinese) / Appendix Five List of Interviewees / Appendix Six Standard of Well-off Society in Jiangsu Province