第一章研究動機與目的：電視新聞是少數高收視率電節目之一，本研究要探討台灣電 視觀眾抱著什樣的動機看電視新聞，以及收看動機和收看行為之間有何關係。 第二章文獻探討：本研究的理論架構由「使用與滿足」理論而來。國外已有針對電視 新聞觀眾做的研究，國內則欲由本研究建構出我國電視新聞觀眾的收看動機類目。 第三章研究方法：本研究使用問卷調查法蒐集資料。根據行政區域、人口密度及第三 類行業等標準，在全省抽選十個地區作為訪問地區，訪問九百位十八歲以上的民眾， 有關收看電視新聞的動機及行為。 第四章資料分析：採用內容分析法分析收看動機。並用電腦統計分析收看動機和收看 行為、人口變項等之關係。 第五章結論與建議。

In master thesis called Negativity in Television News we dealt with the structure of television news from good news vs. bad news angle of view and in context both public service and commercial based media. We focused on two main TV news programmes Události (Czech television) and Televizní noviny (TV Nova). Bad news category was analysed in depth then. The text starts with a chapter about relationship between media contents and reality so we were describing social constructivism theory in media context. Then we dealt with mechanisms and influences, which affect form of media outputs; we focused on concept of news values and processes of tabloidization and commercialization. Next chapter was dedicated to definition of negativity in news. In this context we described presence of bad news in coverage during the history; we dealt with media violence and its effects on audience; we defined media negativity and set up the typology of bad news. The analysis showed us percentage of bad news in two main news programmes of Czech television and TV Nova. We found out, which negative topics were predominating and they were analysed in depth then. In this part of analysis we were researching through what particular factors of negativity the negative impression of news is being increased.

Submitted by Fabricia Fialho Reginato (fabriciar) on 2015-07-18T00:26:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoceliaBortoli.pdf: 906097 bytes, checksum: 3036b892cf36bb397899d4514958c3b0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-18T00:26:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoceliaBortoli.pdf: 906097 bytes, checksum: 3036b892cf36bb397899d4514958c3b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-31 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A pesquisa como questões norteadoras: em quê medida os fenômenos de linguagem – repetição ou redundância, e diferença – são reproduzidos e transformados nos processos de construção do acontecimento midiático? Como as operações técnico-discursivas de redundância ou repetição e da diferença incidem sobre o fazer do oficio jornalístico? O que há de singular nas operações técnico-discursivas nos telejornais considerando os seus concorrentes, no âmbito do invariante referencial “Caso Isabella”? Metodologicamente, realizamos pesquisa teórica sobre a repetição ou redundância e diferença, acontecimento midiático, operações técnicas em telejornalismo e midiatização, envolvendo os conceitos de circulação e dispositivo. Em termos empíricos, mapeia as operações técnico-discursivas do telejornalismo exibido do “Caso Isabella” no dia 18 de abril de 2008. O trabalho relaciona as operações técnico-discursivas com o acontecimento social e midiático e identifica analogias e diferenças nas operações técnico-discursivas comparando Jornal Nacional, Jornal da Globo, Jornal da Record, Jornal da Band, RedeTV News e Jornal do SBT a partir de um invariante referencial. Observamos as incidências da repetição ou da redundância e da diferença nos telejornais em análise técnico-discursiva, identificando as operações técnicas como lugares de inscrição - formatos compartilhados entre os telejornais - de uma problemática da linguagem. / Research as guiding questions: to what extent the phenomena of language - repetition or redundancy, and difference - are reproduced and transformed in the process of building the media event? As the techno-discursive operations of redundancy or repetition and difference do focus on the craft of journalism? What's unique operations and technical discourse on the evening news considering its competitors, within the frame-invariant "If Isabella"? Methodologically, we conduct theoretical research on redundancy or repetition and difference, media event, technical operations in broadcast journalism and media coverage, involving the concepts of movement and device. Empirically, maps the operations of the technical discourse of television news show "If Isabella" on April 18, 2008. The work relates the operations with the technical and discursive social and media event and identifies similarities and differences in technical-discursive operations comparing Jornal Nacional, Jornal da Globo, Jornal da Record, Journal of Band RedeTV News and Jornal do SBT from an invariant reference. Observed incidences of repetition or redundancy and the difference in the newscast technical-discursive analysis in identifying the technical operations such as registration places - shared between the TV news formats - a problem of language.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:10:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jefferson Alves de Lima.pdf: 1727684 bytes, checksum: 4d886382f9a41fabb8704c9bf9e253c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-18 / The observation of the presence of elements of narrative fiction in television news represents the central aspect of this study. Recognized for authors as Elizabeth Bird and Robert Dardene, Paul Weaver, François Jost, Robert Stam and Iluska Coutinho, this strange presence of the attributes of fiction in television news is examined here specially as a basis to build the main unit of the program: the reportage. Before the speech space self-assumed by the television news as a reference for society, we observe an established relationship between the program and the ability of narrative fiction for representing and orienting social values. We examine in this study the approximation of the visual plots, which are converted the news in television, with the orientation of behaviors and contours of life in society that the stories sediment throughout centuries . More specifically, we will examine the approximation of television news reportages with the fables, like Indians Pañcatantras or stories of the grecian Esopo. As a theoretical contribution for this observation, we start from authors of reference and deepen the studies on the televisions areas, journalism, TV journalism and narrative. By analysis of national televisions news Jornal Nacional, of the Rede Globo de Televisão, and Jornal da Cultura, of the TV Cultura, we identify the relation of the television news service with the fables / A observação da presença de elementos da narrativa de ficção no gênero telejornal representa o aspecto central deste trabalho. Reconhecida por autores como Elizabeth Bird e Robert Dardene, Paul Weaver, François Jost, Robert Stam e Iluska Coutinho, esta aparentemente estranha presença dos atributos da ficção no noticiário televisivo é examinada, aqui, especialmente, como base de construção da principal unidade do programa: a reportagem. Diante do espaço de fala auto-assumido pelo telejornal como referência para o conjunto da sociedade, observamos uma relação estabelecida entre o programa e a capacidade das narrativas de ficção à representação e orientação de valores sociais. Examinamos neste trabalho, assim, a aproximação dos enredos visuais, aos quais as notícias são convertidas nas reportagens do telejornal, com a orientação de comportamentos e contornos da vida em sociedade que as estórias sedimentam através dos séculos. Mais precisamente, examinaremos a aproximação das reportagens do telejornal com as fábulas, à moda dos Pañcatantras indianos ou das narrações do grego Esopo. Como aporte teórico para esta observação, partimos de autores de referência e o aprofundamento de estudos realizados nas áreas da televisão, jornalismo, telejornalismo e narrativa. Por meio da análise dos telejornais nacionais Jornal Nacional, da Rede Globo de Televisão, e Jornal da Cultura, da emissora paulista TV Cultura, identificamos esta relação que atravessa os campos, a princípio distintos, dos noticiários televisivos e do gênero literário fábula

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:16:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leonilda Adelino Antonio Sanveca Muatiacale.pdf: 3138789 bytes, checksum: ae741e24346a564eb83dae629bdc42cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-03 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This research investigates the discourse strategies built by news programmes: Jornal Nacional and Jornal da Noite, public and private networks of Mozambique, respectively, that enables the establishment of the media contracts between the broadcasting channels and viewers. The notion of media-contract is broadly understood as the relationship of trust and confidence that is subtly created between enunciator and viewer while protagonists of the discourse. The research is based on the theorical concept of Norman Fairclough, Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe whose approaches defend the thesis the discourse must be understood in its context of source because the meaning of any text does not lie only on what the enunciator says or on the perception of the viewer but on the relationship that is established between these two instances of the enunciation and the context in which they are inserted. Under these circunstances, the research dissects the notion of discourse, from the point of view of its persuasive capacity and its intrinsic relationship with the ideological concepts and supremacy that influence the relationship of agents of discourse that, many times, become multipliers of power structures. The corpus analised structure is formed with editions of Jornal Nacional and Jornal da Noite recorded in the week from 8th to 16th April-2006. For the analysis, we adopted the televisional approach sustained by Arlindo Machado (2003), Beatriz Beeker (2005) and by other television researchers, besides counting on some elements of discursive semiotic / Esta pesquisa investiga as estratégias discursivas construídas pelos telejornais Jornal Nacional e Jornal da Noite, respectivamente da rede pública e privada de Moçambique com objetivo de compreender o tipo de contrato midiático que as emissoras estabelecem com os telespectadores para garantir audiência. A noção de contrato midiático é entendida na sua acepção ampla, como a relação de confiança e confidência que se cria sutilmente entre enunciador e enunciatário como protagonistas do discurso. Para percebemos até que ponto as estratégias discursivas desses telejornais podem tornar-se reprodutoras de estruturas de poder, esse estudo fundamenta-se no arcabouço teórico-conceitual de Norman Fairclough, Ernesto Laclau e Chantal Mouffe segundo o qual o discurso deve ser entendido em seu contexto de emergência porque o significado de qualquer texto não reside apenas no que diz o enunciador ou na percepção do enunciatário, mas na relação que se estabelece entre essas instâncias da enunciação e do contexto em que estão inseridas. Nesse prisma, a pesquisa disseca a noção de discurso, do ponto de vista de sua capacidade persuasiva e da sua relação intrínseca com os conceitos de ideologia e hegemonia que influenciam as relações dos agentes do discurso. O corpus analisado é composto por edições do Jornal Nacional e do Jornal da Noite gravados na semana de 08 a 16 de abril de 2006. Para o estudo adotamos o método de análise televisual sustentado por Arlindo Machado (2003), Beatriz Becker (2005) e outros pesquisadores de televisão, além de contarmos com o aporte de alguns elementos da semiótica discursiva

The aim of this study was to examine which effect tabloidization has had on the news content and the presentation of the Swedish news program Rapport, during the years 1979 and 2009. Rapport is broadcasted in the Public Service channel "Sveriges Television". Our main concern was to examine whether Rapport has stayed true to their assignment or if they have made changes to appeal to the popularised audience. To do so we focused on three questions: What is the journalist’s role? What becomes news? Who are interviewed? We used theories such as social representation, news value and media logic to help us perform the analysis. Qualitative methods were used to analyse the news broadcasts, of which John Langer’s story-types was the primary method. In addition to that we used the method of semiotics to reveal signs of tabloidization in the imagery of the broadcasts. Our results showed that the tabloidization of Rapport lies in the format rather than the news content. The changes in the news content are barely noticeable, even though the time span is quite long. The format however, has seen some tabloidization in 2009, with changes to the vignette and the feature structure. We also found changes in which people that Rapport chose to interview and changes among the journalists themselves. For instance we discovered that the representation of different groups of people is much more varied in 2009 than it was in 1979. The results also showed that the journalistic role has shifted from the task of educating the citizens to the task of being sensational and entertaining.

<p>The aim of this study was to examine which effect tabloidization has had on the news content and the presentation of the Swedish news program Rapport, during the years 1979 and 2009. Rapport is broadcasted in the Public Service channel "Sveriges Television".</p><p>Our main concern was to examine whether Rapport has stayed true to their assignment or if they have made changes to appeal to the popularised audience. To do so we focused on three questions: What is the journalist’s role? What becomes news? Who are interviewed?</p><p>We used theories such as social representation, news value and media logic to help us perform the analysis. Qualitative methods were used to analyse the news broadcasts, of which John Langer’s story-types was the primary method. In addition to that we used the method of semiotics to reveal signs of tabloidization in the imagery of the broadcasts.</p><p>Our results showed that the tabloidization of Rapport lies in the format rather than the news content. The changes in the news content are barely noticeable, even though the time span is quite long. The format however, has seen some tabloidization in 2009, with changes to the vignette and the feature structure. We also found changes in which people that Rapport chose to interview and changes among the journalists themselves. For instance we discovered that the representation of different groups of people is much more varied in 2009 than it was in 1979. The results also showed that the journalistic role has shifted from the task of educating the citizens to the task of being sensational and entertaining.</p><p><p><p> </p></p></p>

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T20:17:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 114383.pdf: 4373165 bytes, checksum: cf1f7a0e0f1ce695f7a0be2d6826aa7a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este estudo busca levantar a questão da usabilidade da animação em infográficos empregados em reportagens de telejornais. Apesar da tendência digital e interativa vislumbrada para os infográficos peças de visualização de informação relacionadas à narrativas , a usabilidade dos atributos animados foi pouco abordada no contexto telejornalístico. A necessidade de empreender pesquisa nessa área foi observada a partir das características específicas da infografia telejornalística, como espaço e duração reduzidos, bem como o contexto em que se insere. Buscou-se relacionar os resultados de pesquisas de usabilidade em animações da área educacional e instrucional, com os atributos espaço-temporais observados nas infografias telejornalísticas. A partir disso, uma pesquisa laboratorial foi conduzida para comparar a eficiência comunicativa entre versões de um mesmo infográfico com variações no emprego de pistas visuais, a fim de analisar se a animação, como forma de pista visual, poderia direcionar a atenção dos usuários para informações relevantes do infográfico, consequentemente melhorando a compreensão do conteúdo. A análise estatística dos resultados da pesquisa experimental indicaram ausência de diferença na compreensão dos usuários expostos aos distintos infográficos telejornalísticos (animado vs. animado/estático vs. estático). Observando a configuração do infográfico, pode-se dizer que os resultados foram similares aos previamente obtidos no contexto educacional instrucional, sugerindo a transferência e generalização dos resultados deste aos infográficos telejornalísticos. Como referencial teórico foram utilizadas literaturas de design, visualização, psicologia cognitiva, infografia, infografia telejornalística, usabilidade em animações e uso de pistas visuais em animações.

xiv, 203 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / The purpose of this research is to advance understanding of mediated relationships in the form of parasocial interaction (PSI) in local television news branding efforts, particularly the influence of PSI on loyalty and commitment outcomes. This research is the first of its kind to attempt a test of both the TV PSI construct and Web PSI construct and their applicability to local news in the digital age. As part of this examination, the study introduces the concept of viral viewers. Motivated in part by affect, these viewers are willing to promote the station and its content across media platforms. Viewing and visiting characteristics leading to TV station and Web site loyalty and commitment are also identified. This study uses an online survey to explore three research questions and four hypotheses. The population of interest is visitors to local television news Web sites. Television stations in the Pacific Northwest were solicited to take part in the study. Six participating stations posted the survey on their Web sites. Data were collected from 277 respondents. Regression models showed Web PSI, station usefulness/quality, and TV PSI are all statistically significant predictors of loyalty and commitment. Web PSI has the largest beta coefficient when compared to the contribution of other variables. Hierarchical multiple regression also found that station usefulness/quality, site usefulness/quality, TV PSI, and Web PSI partially mediated the relationship between viewing and visiting characteristics and loyalty and commitment. The study concludes that local TV stations must be mindful of producing good content with viral potential in order to acquire help from viral viewers. Furthermore, news personalities remain important to overall brand strategy. This research fills three significant gaps in the literature surrounding local TV news research. First, it brings research on parasocial interaction into the digital age, advancing the application of the TV and Web parasocial constructs. Second, this study reconceptualizes notions of audience and promotion by introducing the concept of viral viewers. Third, it brings together scholarship regarding branding and local TV news, providing a systematic analysis of branding's role in local TV stations' multi-platform news strategy. Indexing (document details) / Committee in charge: Kim Sheehan, Chairperson, Journalism and Communication Scott Maier, Member, Journalism and Communication; Biswarup Sen, Member, Journalism and Communication; David Boush, Outside Member, Marketing

This dissertation analyses the extent to which dominant political ideologies generate meanings in television news texts. The working process of the television news system and the manner in which television news constructs news programmes are discussed. In light of the televisual mode of news production, the author demonstrates how ideologically inspired meanings can systematically enter the television news system and thus potentially manipulate the production of television news broadcasts, though making a semiotic analysis of the CNN representations of September 11. This study is situated within the field of visual culture studies, and semiotic theory is employed to a great extent throughout. The author discusses the influence of dominant political ideologies on the television news production process, and how this contributes to the restriction of the polysemy of the television news sign. Television news representations may be mediated and manipulated in such a way to encourage viewers to produce readings that are favourable towards a certain dominant political ideology. The many mechanisms that television news utilises to create meaning are discussed. The mechanisms that are identified by the author as being the most effective in the production of ideologically inspired meanings are paid particular attention. These semiotic mechanisms include the manipulation of iconic signs, the construction of arbitrary signs and the representation of myths. The CNN representations of the September 11 events are analysed for their ideological content, and the author contends that these televisual representations were deliberately constructed to inspire readings that would be favourable to the ideology of Americanism. Therefore, Americanism, as an example of a dominant political ideology, is discussed. The visual mechanisms employed by CNN after September 11 are analysed. These include the editing of visually recorded footage, the treatment of the newsreader and the incorporation of the image of the American flag. The author offers a reading of the ideological motivation of these texts. The media myths that are constructed to naturalise Americanism, such as the myth of the hero and the myth of the tower, are discussed with regard to the manner in which they were represented by CNN after September 11. The iconic representations of key political figures involved with the September 11 events are also discussed and their ideological meanings uncovered. The CNN television news broadcasts functioned both to inform an international audience of the terrorist attacks and reinforce an ideology in crisis: namely, Americanism. CNN repeatedly employed many visual mechanisms to encourage viewers to produce readings that were favourable to Americanism. While Americanism entered a period of crisis, it mobilised its Ideological State Apparatuses, including television news, to reinforce and justify its position of power in order to maintain its own dominance after a deliberate blow. This study suggests that the CNN representations of September 11 are an accurate indication of how dominant political ideologies can effect the construction of television news texts. Where television news broadcasters reach large audiences while being ideologically aligned, and viewers are deliberately encouraged to produce certain ideologically inspired readings, television news becomes a medium through which widespread ideological domination can be achieved. / Dissertation (MA (Visual Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Visual Arts / unrestricted