Orientador: Orna Messer Levin / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T17:51:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Montemezzo_LucianaFerrari_D.pdf: 4166038 bytes, checksum: aaf5edb8bff2b06db7a15edbc0c713ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Um texto traduzido é, ao mesmo tempo, processo e resultado. O processo refere-se às condições e critérios que levaram à sua efetivação, bem como à pesquisa demandada em torno do tema e da obra a ser traduzida. O resultado é a concretização deste processo, materializada e pronta para o consumo. Nossa tese buscou não só apresentar o resultado das traduções de Bodas de Sangue (1933), Yerma (1934) e A Casa de Bernarda Alba (1936), do dramaturgo espanhol Federico García Lorca (1898-1936), mas também explicitar o processo de pesquisa que, em nossa opinião, em muito pode colaborar para as futuras montagens das peças. Nossa opção se sustenta na hipótese de que o tradutor ¿ sobretudo o tradutor de teatro ¿ deve assumir sua intervenção: não desestrangeirizar completamente a obra, deixando marcas no texto que indiquem sua procedência, a fim de que o leitor-espectador perceba que está diante de um texto traduzido. Dessa maneira, nossa tradução procurou manter alguns aspectos relevantes da cultura espanhola, salientando as diferenças envolvidas no trânsito cultural entre Espanha e Brasil. A tradução promove uma crítica aprofundada do texto, já que o analisa em detalhes, e se detém em minúcias que, via de regra, passam despercebidas nas demais formas de leitura, o que nos leva a crer que nosso trabalho poderá contribuir no sentido de orientar atores, cenógrafos e diretores que se interessem pelas obras aqui traduzidas. Para dar o devido destaque à nossa concepção de tradução intervencionista, utilizamos as Notas do Tradutor (N.T.) como espaço de explicitação de critérios e opções tradutórias, bem como de diálogo com outros críticos e comentadores das obras em questão / Abstract: A translated text is, at one and the same time, a process and a result. The process concerns the conditions and criteria that led to its production and also the necessary research about the theme and the work to be translated. The result is the realization of this process, which is materialized and ready for consumption. Our doctoral work aimed not only at presenting the result of the translation of Bodas de Sangue (1933), Yerma (1934), and A Casa de Bernarda Alba (1936), by Spanish playwright Federico García Lorca (1898-1936), but also making the research process explicit as, in our opinion, this process can much contribute to future productions of these plays. Our decision is based on the hypothesis that the translator ¿ particularly the translator of drama ¿ should acknowledge his intervention; that is, he should not erase the foreignness of the work completely by leaving marks in the text that indicate its origin so that the reader-spectator can notice that he is in the presence of a translated text. Therefore, our translation tried to keep some relevant aspects of the Spanish culture, by stressing the differences inherent in the circulation of culture between Spain and Brazil. Translation allows deep criticism of the text by analyzing it fully and paying close attention to its minute details that are usually unnoticed in other types of reading; so, we believe that our work can contribute to assisting actors, stage-designers, and directors who may be interested in the works translated here. In order to properly highlight our concept of interventionist translation, we used the Notes by the Translator (N.T.) as the domain of explanation of criteria and translation choices and also of dialogue with other critics and commentators of the works in question / Doutorado / Literatura Geral e Comparada / Doutor em Teoria e História Literária

Orientador: Vera Aparecida Madruga / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T07:17:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Viana_HelenaBrandao_D.pdf: 2971993 bytes, checksum: 7d87f659870a2969c1f5b3cd5705b14e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Nesta tese abordamos a temática da sexualidade no envelhecimento. Diante da escassez de material bibliográfico em nossa cultura e da ausência de uma escala para avaliação dessa temática no Brasil, nossa proposta foi realizar a adaptação cultural de uma escala norteamericana (ASKAS -Aging sexual knowledge and attitudes scale), que avalia o conhecimento e atitude das pessoas em relação à sexualidade do idoso. A adaptação cultural de uma medida de saúde, a fim de ser utilizada em um país diferente, para o qual ela foi criada, requer uma metodologia específica a fim de que essa escala ou medida seja válida em um país diferente do qual ela foi validada originalmente. Não basta realizar um trabalho de tradução, mas ela deve ser adaptada culturalmente para que mantenha sua confiabilidade e validade nessa nova língua e nova população. Para realizar a adaptação cultural da escala acima citada, foram utilizadas as ¿Recomendações para Adaptação Cultural de Medidas de Estados de Saúde¿, da Academia Americana de Cirurgiões Ortopédicos (AAOS ¿ American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons) e Instituto para Trabalho e Saúde de Toronto. Será descrito nesse trabalho essas diretrizes e como elas foram aplicadas para esta adaptação cultural, sabendo que essas informações poderão ser úteis para futuras pesquisas nessa área. A primeira parte da pesquisa foi composta de 5 estágios. Fizemos duas traduções da escala, a síntese dessas traduções, duas retro traduções, reunião do comitê de especialistas para análise da síntese das traduções e o pré-teste, quando entrevistamos 43 sujeitos, entre idosos, parentes de idosos e funcionários de casas de repouso. A validade de conteúdo foi obtida pela análise do comitê de especialistas e fizemos uma análise qualitativa do pré-teste. Na segunda etapa foi feita a coleta de dados quantitativa, com 802 sujeitos. A confiabilidade da escala foi testada através do Alpha de Cronbach e da Confiabilidade Composta e a validade de construto através da análise fatorial confirmatória utilizando o método estatístico de modelagem de equações estruturais via Partial Least Squares (PLS) com o software Smart PLS software versão 2.0M3. Nossos resultados apontaram que a escala validada é confiável para ser usada no Brasil. No ajuste do modelo retiramos algumas questões que apresentaram baixa carga fatorial ao seu construto. Espera-se que essa pesquisa venha facilitar futuros estudos sobre sexualidade no envelhecimento, ampliando assim o conhecimento produzido no Brasil sobre essa temática. Palavras-chave: Idosos, Envelhecimento, Sexualidade, Tradução e interpretação, Validação, Análise Fatorial / Abstract: Key-terms: Elderly, Ageing, Sexuality, Translation and interpretation, Validation, Factorial Analysis. On this dissertation, we talk about the theme sexuality in the aging process. Due to the lack of bibliographic material in our culture and to the absence of a scale for evaluation of this theme in Brazil, our proposal was to do a cultural adaptation of a North-American scale (ASKAS ¿ Aging sexual knowledge and attitudes scale), which evaluates people¿s knowledge and attitude regarding elderly sexuality. The cultural adaptation of a health measure needs to be validated through a specific methodology before it can be valid, and therefore utilized, in a country other than the one for which that was created. The scale translation is not enough; instead, it should be culturally adapted in order to keep its reability and validation in a different language and different population. In order to make the cultural adaptation of the scale mentioned above, we utilized the Recommendations for Cultural Adaptation of Health Condition Measures from the AAOS - Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons ¿ and the Institute for Work & Health of Toronto, Canada. In this work, those directions will be described, as well as how they were applied for that cultural adaptation, knowing that that information will be able to help future researches in that area. The first part of the research was composed of 5 stages: two translations of the scale; synthesis of those translations; two back-translations; a meeting with the specialists committee for the analysis of the summary of the translations; and a pre-test, where we interviewed 43 people, among elderly, relatives of elderly and employees of nursing homes. The validity of the content was obtained through the analysis done by the specialists committee. Additionally, we conducted a quantitative analysis of the pre-test. In the second stage, we made a quantitative collection of data among 802 people. The reability of the scale was tested through Cronbach¿s Alpha and Composite Reability. The validity of the content was tested through confirmatory factorial analysis utilizing the modeling statistic method of structural equations via Partial Least Squares (PLS) under the version 2.0M3 of the Smart PLS software. Our results showed that the validated scale is reliable to be utilized in Brazil. On the adjustment of the model, we excluded a few questions that presented low factorial load in their construct. We expect that this research to contribute to future studies about sexuality in the aging process, broadening the knowledge produced in Brazil on that thematic / Doutorado / Atividade Motora Adaptada / Doutor em Educação Física

M.A. (Linguistics) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

M.A. (Applied Linguistics and Literary Theory) / Fan subtitling, or fansubbing, has become a new form of subtitling, in which fans, often with little to no training, subtitle a film or series they enjoy, and then release the subtitles or a subtitled version of the film on the internet for free download, often by other fans, who often have an interest in the source language and culture and who may have an interest in using subtitles as a language-learning device. Subtitles produced for this fan audience can differ substantially from those created in a professional environment. For this reason, fansubs could be seen as a new genre of subtitling, employing strategies that would be unacceptable in a professional subtitled product aimed at general consumption. Professional subtitlers and translators are encouraged to follow the norms or ‘best practice’ of their industry in order to produce subtitles that are consistent, of a high quality and that have been made easy to process through methods such as length reduction and domestication. Fansubbers have no such imperatives imposed on their subtitles, being mostly self-taught and often judged by their peers and viewers on the ‘authenticity’ of their translations, rather than by other professionals and their standards. This creates an environment in which more creative translation strategies and presentation become possible, in order to create a translation that will be approved of by fans with a special interest in linguistic and cultural content. This need for the appearance of faithfulness or authenticity seems to result in a more source-oriented and complete translation approach, and a corpus-based investigation of French fansubs appears to confirm this. This dissertation attempts to explore the differences found in the two genres by analysing and comparing a translational corpus of professionally-produced and fanproduced English subtitles of French films. The average length of the subtitles and instances of discourse markers in the two sets of subtitles are compared in order to determine the degree of reduction found in each type of subtitle, and from the source to target culture. The translation strategies used in the two types of subtitling differ, with the fansub opting for a more complete rendering of the source text dialogue and a more source-oriented approach, which retains elements of spoken language found in the film dialogue. It appears that the differences between the target texts may be influenced by very different contexts in which they are produced, and possibly the differing needs and expectations of the audiences of the two genres.

M.A. / Die studie poog om oplossings vir bostaande probleme te vind en 'n model of modelle daar te stel wat in soortgelyke situasies as riglyn vir die vertaler kan dien. 'n Aantal bestaande vertaalteoretiese standpunte wat veral op die oordrag en aanpassing van kulturele konteks betrekking het, word ondersoek en die opvoedkundige doelwitte wat gewoonlik by die vertaling van kinderboeke ter sprake is, word van naderby beskou. Deur middel van verskeie praktiese voorbeelde wat geidentifiseer word in 'n vergelykende studie van die bestaande Duitse, Engelse, Afrikaanse en Nederlandse vertalings van Nils Holgersson, word veranderings aan en aanpassing van die bronteks, wat op een of meer van hierdie opvoedkundige doelwitte afgestem is, ontleed. In hierdie verband word besondere aandag aan kultuurspesifieke elemente in die bronteks geskenk. Aanpassings van die bronteks om die vertaling makliker verstaanbaar en meer interessant vir die doelteksleser te maak, word onder die loep geneem. 'n Geannoteerde, nuwe vertaling van 'n volledige hoofstuk uit Nils Holgersson, asook 'n nuwe vertaling van geselekteerde paragrawe uit nog 'n hoofstuk, word aangebied om tegnieke vir kulturele aanpassing te illustreer. Ten slotte word die belangrikste eienskappe geidentifiseer waaroor 'n vertaler van 'n boek soos Nils Holgersson moet beskik om 'n werkbare en sinvolle vertaling teweeg te bring wat aan die vereistes van beide formele ekwivalensie en dinamiese funksionalisme sal voldoen. 'n Blik word gewerp op die gewildheid van Lagerkif se vertaalde werke, aan die hand waarvan standpunt ingeneem word oor die waarde van letterkundige vertaling en die ryke internasionale kulturele erfenis wat deur vertaalde werke nagelaat word.

M.A. (Applied Linguistics) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

M.A. / The aim of language practitioners at tertiary distance education institutions has become focussed on having their role in the development of course materials properly defined and on acquiring the necessary competencies to edit materials with a view to making them more accessible to students both in terms of language and learning ...

No description available.

No description available.

La literature de la Côte ouest demeure peu traduite en français. Son caractère unique et les difficultés posées par sa traduction expliquent en partie cet etat de fait regrettable. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'analyser les particularités de cette littérature régionale afin de la rendre plus accessible au traducteur et, par la-meme, au lecteur français. Pour illustrer chacun des problèmes soulevés, des exemples concrets sont utilisés. lis sont tirés de deux nouvelles de Jack Hodgins, "Every Day of His Life" et "By the River", toutes deux publiées dans Spit Delaney's Island (Toronto: Macmillan, 1976). Ces oeuvres, profondément régionalistes, fournissent une excellente source de thèmes propres à la littérature de la Côte ouest et de problèmes particuliers pour le traducteur. Chaque question traitée est accompagnée de l'étude d'un cas de traduction offrant diverses solutions possibles et expliquant leur pertinence dans le cadre d'une oeuvre de la Côte ouest. Cette analyse pratique est suivie d'un dialogue avec Jack Hodgins, visant à préciser et, dans certains cas, rectifier l'approche du traducteur et son interprétation de l'oeuvre à traduire. Des exemples de modifications qu'il est possible d'apporter àune traduction, grâce au dialogue avec l'auteur, sont proposés et discutés. Pour conclure, il sera débattu des avantages et des inconvénients d'une telle collaboration. Cette thèse met en évidence la richesse de la littérature de la Côte ouest et offre un certain nombre d'outils indispensables a sa traduction. Les caractéristiques de cette littérature régionale, une fois reconnues et comprises par le traducteur, ne forment plus un obstacle à sa lisibilité pour le lecteur françis. Elles lui ouvrent au contraire tout un univers jusqu'alors insoupçonné. / Arts, Faculty of / French, Hispanic, and Italian Studies, Department of / Graduate