O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a influência de diferentes sistemas de manejo sobre a reatividade, parâmetros produtivos e de qualidade de carne e carcaça de bovinos confinados. Para isso, foram utilizados 50 novilhos Nelore, alocados em confinamento sob dois sistemas diferentes quanto ao manejo, o tradicionalmente empregado em fazendas (MT) e o baseado em princípios racionais de trabalho e na biologia dos bovinos, conhecido popularmente como manejo racional ou gentil (MR). Os animais de ambos os tratamentos receberam a mesma dieta e ficaram em confinamento por 126 dias (± 18 dias). Foram colhidas, durante os manejos de pesagem em brete, informações quanto ao ganho diário de peso (GDP) e reatividade (através do Escore de Comportamento Composto - ECC). Calculou-se, ao fim do confinamento, o ganho diário médio de peso (GDPtot). Durante o abate, foram colhidas informações quanto à reatividade dos bovinos no bloco de atordoamento (ECCabt). Durante a desossa, foram registradas informações quanto a coloração (L*, a* e b*) das amostras de Longissimus dorsi colhidas, três de cada animal, uma para cada tempo de maturação (0, 7 e 14 dias). Apos o período de maturação, procedeu-se com as análises de perdas de água por exsudação (PAE) e por cozimento (PAC), bem como de força de cisalhamento (MAC). Os resultados indicam que ocorreram influencias dos sistemas de manejo nas características PAE e MAC, com valores superiores e inferiores, respectivamente, em MR. Ocorreram influencias na interação tratamento e manejos ocorridos no GDP, com resultados superiores em MT. No parâmetro MAC ocorreu diferença significativa em relação aos dias de maturação, com diminuição ao longo do tempo de maturação, alem de diferenças nos tratamentos na carne nao maturada, com valores inferiores para MR. As características Contusões (totais, no dianteiro, na ponta de agulha e no traseiro), ECCabt, de coloração (L*, a* e b*) e de PAC não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos ou suas interações. Constatou-se melhor qualidade de carne de animais MR, porém com ganhos de peso ligeiramente inferiores aos do MT. A reatividade apresentou tendência de diminuição ao longo do confinamento, com valores ligeiramente inferiores para animais MR nos manejos de pesagem em brete e mais acentuados no momento do abate. / The present study investigated the influence of different handling systems on the reactivity, production parameters and quality of meat and carcass of confined cattle. The experiment used 50 Nellore steers placed in feedlots that received two different handling systems: the traditionally used in the Brazilian farms (MT) and the based on rational principles of work and in the biology of cattle, known as gentle handling (MR).Both treatments received the same diet and remained in confinement for 126 days (± 18 days). Were taken over the handling in squeeze chute, information about the daily weight gain (GDP) and reactivity (through the Composite Behaviour Score - ECC). At the end of the confinement, the average daily weight gain (GDPtot) was calculated. During the slaughter, was collected information of the reactivity of cattle in stunning pen (ECCabt). During the boning, were recorded information about the color (L *, a * b *) of Longissimus dorsi samples. Three samples from each animal was collected, one for each maturation period (0, 7 and 14 days). After the maturation period, that was preceded with the analysis of water loses by exudation (PAE) and by cooking (PAC) and the shear-force (MAC). The results indicate that there were influences of the handling systems features in PAC and MAC, with values higher and lower, respectively, in MR. Occurred influences in treatment and management occurred in GDP, with superior results in MT. In the MAC, parameter was significant difference for days to maturity, with a reduction over maturation time, and differences in treatment in the meat does not mature, with lower values for MR. The characteristics contusions, ECCabt, meat color (L *, a * b *) and PAC showed no significant differences between treatments or their interactions. It was better quality of meat from animals MR, but with gains weight slightly lower than that of MT. The reactivity, although not significantly different, tended to decrease during the confinement, with slightly lower values for MR in the management of animals weighing more pronounced in squeeze chute and at slaughter.

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar se os alunos da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo (FOUSP) apresentavam tendência a algum perfil psicológico específico e relacionar os resultados com respostas sobre escolhas profissionais, investigando se há associação entre escolhas do campo de trabalho e perfil comportamental. O estudo foi transversal, realizado por meio de dois questionários autoadministrados, um de perfil psicológico e outro sobre interesses profissionais, distribuídos aos estudantes da FOUSP. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da FOUSP. Os dados foram organizados e analisados no programa STATA 12.0. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 415 alunos matriculados nas disciplinas de graduação da FOUSP, dos períodos diurno e noturno de todos os semestres. A coleta de dados foi realizada durante o segundo semestre de 2011. As características sociodemográficas apresentadas mostram que 72,29% dos estudantes eram do gênero feminino e 27,71% do masculino e apresentavam idade entre 17 e 44 anos (média de 21,98 anos). Quanto às razões para a escolha do curso de odontologia, 54,94% dos participantes apontaram a vocação; 15,70% por terem cirurgiões-dentistas na família; 14,22% devido à possibilidade de horários flexíveis; 9,88% por sucesso financeiro e 19,76% outros motivos. Em uma situação hipotética, de mesma condição de renda e carga horária para diversas alternativas de trabalho, 58,07% dos alunos prefeririam trabalhar em consultório próprio, 27,47% em emprego público, 15,18% serem docentes e 8,19% empregados no setor privado. Como início provável das atividades profissionais, 42,89% imaginam que seu primeiro trabalho seria em emprego privado, 25,06% em consultório próprio, 23,37% em emprego público e 16,63% seguiriam carreira na docência. Em projeção para 10 anos à frente, 73,25% se viam trabalhando em sua própria clínica, 19,28% no emprego público, 13,01% como docentes e 7,47% em emprego privado. Os conteúdos considerados mais importantes para o sucesso profissional do cirurgião-dentista foram, em ordem decrescente de importância: disciplinas clínicas (58,31%), básicas (26,75%) e sociais (14,94%), para ambos os gêneros. Quase todos os alunos, 98,31%, valorizavam o conhecimento de processos administrativos para gerir consultórios, clínicas ou equipes e 89,40% tinham interesse em adquirir conhecimentos no campo da gestão de recursos humanos. Com relação ao temperamento, 46,27% foram identificados como SJ (Guardião), 21,45% NF (Idealista), 14,70% NT (Racional) e 3,13% SP (Artesão); 14,46% eram indefinidos. Os tipos psicológicos predominantes foram o ESTJ/Supervisor (13,49%), ISTJ/Inspetor (13,25%), ISFJ/Protetor (6,51%) e INFJ/Conselheiro e ENTJ/Marechal de campo com iguais 6,27%. O temperamento SJ foi o mais frequente tanto em estudantes do gênero feminino (48,00%) quanto do masculino (41,74%), mas o segundo tipo mais comum diferia entre os gêneros: NF em mulheres (23,67%) e NT nos homens (21,74%). Houve diferença estatisticamente significante nessa associação, demonstrada no teste do Qui-quadrado de Pearson (p=0,003). Conclui-se a maioria dos alunos apresentavam tendência ao temperamento SJ; o segundo mais frequente foi o NF em alunos de praticamente todos os semestres, porém diferiu entre os gêneros: NF em mulheres e NT em homens. Diferença estatisticamente significante foi encontrada na associação entre temperamento e gênero. A grande maioria dos alunos pretendia exercer suas atividades profissionais em consultório próprio. As outras opções seguiram a seguinte ordem de preferência: emprego público (com menos da metade percentual da primeira opção), docência e emprego privado. Não houve associação entre perfis psicológicos e escolha do campo de atuação. / The objective of this study was to determine if students of the University of São Paulo School of Dentistry (FOUSP) had a tendency to a particular psychological profile and relate the results with answers about career choices, investigating whether or not there was an association between choices of work and behavioral profile. The study was cross-sectional type, using two selfadministered questionnaires: a psychological profile one and another about professional interests, both of which were distributed to FOUSP students. The study was approved by the FOUSP Ethical Comittee. Data were organized and analyzed using STATA 12.0. Results: Participated on the study 415 students enrolled in Dentistry course, from all classes and semesters. Data collection was conducted during the second half of 2011. The sociodemographic characteristics presented show that 72.29% of the students were female and 27.71% male and were aged between 17 and 44 years (mean age 21.98 years). As to the reasons for choosing the course of dentistry, 54.94% of the participants indicated the vocation; 15.70% by having dentists in the family; 14.22% due to the possibility of flexible hours; 9.88% for financial success and 19.76% for other reasons. In a hypothetical situation of the same income and hours of work for several career alternatives, 58.07% of the students would prefer to work in his/ her private practice, 27.47% as an employee in the public sector, 15.18% as a faculty member and 8.19% as an employee in the private sector. Nonetheless, predicting the beginning of the career, 42.89% believed that their first job would be as an employee in private sector, 25.06% in his/her private practice, 23.37% as employee in the public sector and 16.63% pursuing a career in teaching. Looking 10 years ahead, 73.25% saw themselves working in their own clinic, 19.28% as employees in the public sector, 13.01% as faculty members and 7.47% as employees in the private sector. The contents considered more important to the professional success of dentists were, in descending order of importance: clinical (58.31%), basic (26.75%) and social disciplines (14.94%), for both genders. Almost all students, 98.31%, valued knowledge of administrative processes to manage dental offices or teams and 89.40% were interested in acquiring knowledge in the human resource management field. Regarding temperament, 46.27% were identified as SJ (Guardian), 21.45% NF (Idealist), 14.70% NT (Rational) and 3.13% SP (Artisan); 14.46% could not be defined. The predominant psychological types were ESTJ/Supervisor (13.49%), ISTJ/Inspector (13.25%), ISFJ/Protector (6.51%) and INFJ/Advisor and ENTJ/Marshall Field, which presented equal 6.27%. The SJ temperament was the most frequent in both female (48.00%) and males students (41.74%), but the second most common type was different between genders: NF in women (23.67%) and NT in men (21.74%). There was a statistically significant difference in this association, as demonstrated by the chi-square test (p = 0.003). To conclude, most of the students were likely to be SJ psychological temperament and the second most frequent type was the NF for students in virtually all semesters; however there was a difference between genders: the second category between women was NF, but NT for men. A statistically significant difference was found in the association between temperament and gender. The vast majority of students intended to exercise their professional activities in his or her own dental office. The other options followed this order of preference: employee in the public sector (less than half the percentage of first choice), member of faculty and employee in the private sector. No association was found between psychological profiles and choice of career.

Orientador: Helena Jank / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T16:44:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hora_EdmundoPacheco_D.pdf: 7784572 bytes, checksum: 6dea0baba38779974864d2974087d576 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: Com o objetivo de verificar a adequação do sistema de afinação utilizado no século XVII, com a produção musical de Johann Jacob Froberger (1616-1667), elaboramos um sistema de análise de todo o material publicado, visando identificar as eventuais discrepâncias entre eles. Assim, tanto a Denkmaeler der Tonkunst in Osterreich (Viena, Áustria 1903), a primeira edição com as obras do autor, quanto a mais recente e completa Neue Ausgabe sämtlicher Clavier- und Orgelwerke (Kassel, Alemanha 2003), foram comparadas. Os casos excepcionais, aquelas obras que não se adequaram ao parâmetro do sistema, foram extraídas e para elas, elaboramos uma tabela à parte (Tabela 2). Nela, encontramos uma obra que não se enquadra ao mesotônico padrão e para a qual elaboramos um estudo especial (Item 2.5.3), no final destacamos os problemas cruciais da enarmonia. Enarmonias nos instrumentos de afinação fixa não se referem ao temperamento mesotônico padrão com a divisão da coma em -1/4 S. Portanto, algum outro tipo de sistema de afinação foi provavelmente utilizado por Froberger, ainda que de maneira especulativa. Dessa forma, buscando compreender para qual tipo de afinação o compositor pensou as suas obras, centramos o nosso trabalho visualizando as possíveis contribuições proporcionadas aos sistemas de afinação e ao campo tonal da música erudita / Abstract: This work analyses the oeuvre of J. J. Froberger (1616-67) in order to show its adequacy, or eventual discrepancies, with the prevalent temperament in use in the 17th century. Therefore, a comparison was made between the Denkmaler der Tonkunst in Osterreich (Vienna, Austria 1903), the first available edition of Froberger's works, and the more recent and complete, Neue Ausgabe sämtlicher Clavier - und Orgelwerke (Kassel, Germany 2003). The exceptions, pieces which did not match the parameters of the tuning system, were put aside (a list of these pieces can be found on table 2). Among those, one work does not fit the standard meantone temperament, and for this a special analysis is provided (see item 2.5.3), pointing to crucial enharmonic problems at the end. Enharmonies, in instruments with fixed tuning, do not refer to standard meantone temperament, in which the division of the coma is ¿1/4 S. Consequently, it is probable that Froberger made use of other temperament, even if in a speculative way. Along our investigation to comprehend which temperament the composer has made use of when composing his works, we have also focused on his contributions to the field of tuning systems and tonal music / Doutorado / Doutor em Música

The goal of this thesis is compare loading of selected professional ice hockey players from HC Sparta Praha team, in the all season, basic part and the play off as well. Teoretical part is focused to the general specification of this topic. This teoretical part is about analysis of training ice hockey players, system of the training including psychic of professional player and his temperament. In the practical part is described resarch including average pulse frequency measurement by sporttester, results of Eysenck temperament test and personal interview with players and trainer separately. We found all about comparison player loading in the basic part of season and play off by evaluation of all these objective and subjective resarch. This resarch can offer interesting knowledges about temperament of professional ice hockey players. KEYWORDS ice-hockey, ice-hockey player, physical load, heart rate, psyche, temperament

This thesis deals theoretically and practically with the relationship between the physical, especially constitutional, characteristics and temperament. Constitutional approaches, especially theories of Ernst Kretschmer and Wiliam Sheldon, belong to the oldest approaches in psychology that link these two aspects and perceive them as two sides of the same coin. Holistic approach linking psychological and physical aspects of personality can be found also in non-European medical systems. One of the oldest medical teaching in the world is Ayurveda. It integrates physique and temperament and uses them for therapeutical purposes. The subject of the theoretical part was to present these theories, guidelines and other areas, that strived for interconnection of the physical and psychological aspects of human individual. In the practical part the goal was to empirically assess the substantiation of somatic types used in Kretschmer's theory and Ayurveda. The next goal was to focus on the relationship of selected physical aspects and temperament. For these purposes we used a questionnaire 4 Elements Inventory which applies the metaphor of elements, that appears also in Ayurveda. Further we created Questionnaire of Physical Characteristics that consists of three parts: the first part inquires about the...

D.Litt. et Phil. (Psychology) / The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether robust and verifiable evoked potential components exist which can reliably be associated with temperament. The evoked potential (EP) procedures included the auditory brainstem response procedure (ABR), the auditory N1-P2 middle latency response procedure (AMR) utilising different stimulus intensities, the auditory P300 response utilising frequent and rare repetitions of stimuli (the "oddball paradigm" ) and a number of composite measures of the AMR and P300. The temperament dimensions which were assessed, were sensation seeking, measured by Zuckerman's sensation Seeking Scale (SSS) Form 5, stimulus augmenting-reducing measured by Vando's Augmenting-reducing scale, properties of the nervous system, measured by Strelau's Temperament Inventory (STI) and introversion-extroversion, measured by Schepers' Personality Questionnaire. The statistical population chosen for the research was the first year Behavioural Sciences students of 1991 and 1992 at a South African university (N = 640). A sample of 391 students (81 males and 210 females, aged 17 to 22 years) was randomly selected from the statistical population. All the Subjects completed the Psychological battery (the various temperament scales) and the Neurophysiological battery (the various evoked potential procedures). The reliabilities of the various scales and procedures were established prior to administering the batteries. Hotelling's T-test was used to determine if the vectors of means of the males and females in respect of the subtests of the Psychological battery and the measurements of the various EP procedures differed statistically significantly or not. Student's t-test was used to determine in respect of which variables the genders differed. All Subsequent analyses were performed separately for the males and females. Three contrasting groups with low, medium and high scores, respectively, were formed with regard to each temperament trait.

This study suggests that it is possible to classify websites as either extrovert or introvert and logical or emotional in style, impact and appearance. Both the extraversion/ introversion and logical/emotional dichotomies are major descriptors in the character typology devised by C.G. Jung and extended by others. Apart from the dichotomies mentioned above, Jung’s typology also makes use of various emotional characteristics of human beings as descriptors of temperament or character. The study suggests that it is useful to identify websites in terms of the descriptors that Jung and others propose, and that different websites will display various “temperamental” differences that are as important for website design as is a clear understanding of the temperaments of its target users. By taking account of the most common temperamental differences in websites, it should be possible to maximise the efficiency and appearance of different kinds of websites such as those created for government agencies, banks, online shopping, social networking and search engines. / Dissertation (MIT)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Informatics / unrestricted

The purpose of this study is to explore the differences within specific temperament traits on emotional processing bias. Participants with extremes in temperament traits Harm Avoidance and Novelty Seeking were categorised and their performance on a computerised neuropsychological test battery was investigated. First year psychology students at a residential university in South Africa were invited to participate in the original study. Processing of the data yielded a realised sample of 431 participants who completed the Emotions battery, which comprised of four tasks. The results show that processing of affective valence varies according to individual differences within specific temperament traits. The findings suggest a negative emotion processing bias in the High HA group in comparison to the low HA group. Furthermore, the impulsive and extroverted High NS group show an increased ability to process emotional faces in comparison to the low NS group. The implications of these findings are discussed in the context of putative risk factors for psychopathological disorders. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Psychology / unrestricted

eer victimization is a common experience that is associated with later psychopathology. However, there is inconsistency in the strength and statistical significance of this effect. The current study used two methods to try to understand this inconsistency. First, co-occurring internalizing and externalizing symptoms were considered dimensionally. Second, the present study considered temperament as a potential moderator to explain the multifinality of outcomes that occur following peer victimization. A community sample (N = 387; 52% female) of early adolescents (11-15) from a longitudinal study of risk and resilience factors for psychopathology was utilized to test hypotheses. Cross-lagged examinations between victimization and psychopathology were examined, including the moderating effect of temperament. No longitudinal relationship between victimization and psychopathology was found. A significant interaction between victimization and effortful control predicted externalizing and co-occurring symptoms. Future researchers should consider improving the measurement of victimization and temperament to get a better understanding of the effect.

Previous research has shown temperament to be stable throughout development and this effect remains when controlling for infant birth order. However, to our knowledge, there have been no investigations examining the direct relationship between temperament characteristics and birth order within the family. Because infant temperament has been shown to be related to maternal stress during pregnancy it stands to reason that mothers caring for multiple children while pregnant will experience more stress, and thus affect the temperament of their gestating offspring. Therefore, the first aim of the present investigation was to evaluate whether birth order was associated with infant temperament. Additionally, research has shown relationships between birth order and language; with second born children showing a significant advancement of language skills compared to first born children. However, no studies have investigated the relationship between birth order and gestural abilities. Because gestural abilities significantly predict language development, it stands to reason that birth order should also affect the gestural abilities of infants. Thus, the second aim of the current project was to evaluate the relationship between birth order and gestural abilities. Eighty-three children visited the lab at M = 15.45 months. Caregivers completed the Infant Behavioral Questionnaire-Revised (IBQ-R), the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory:Words and Gestures (MCDI-WG), and a demographic questionnaire concerning family size and birth order. In line with our first aim, we evaluated correlations between infant temperament and birth order. These analyses revealed a significant relationship between the temperamental superdimension of negative affectivity; specifically, the subdimension of sadness was the main factor driving the relationship between birth order and temperament. Next, to investigate whether birth order was related to gestural abilities, we analyzed correlations between birth order and the MCDI-WG categories of performing actions with objects, as well as imitation. This analysis revealed significant associations between birth order and both gestural categories. While these results were in line with our expectations, they remain to be supported by replication. However, should these results withstand tests of replication, they suggest interesting findings for both temperament and language research. First, these results suggest that later born children are at risk for a difficult temperament; however, the specific cause of this relationship is unknown, but could include prenatal stress, or stress during infancy such as less time spent with caregivers. Secondly, these results suggest that later born children are at a particular advantage. This advantage may be due to the fact that later born children, by virtue of their larger families, have a greater number of exemplars from which to learn gestures through observation.