This thesis deals with different narratives of the crusades found in czech high school history textbooks published during the 20th century. The paper shows various narrative strategies, use of languages and figures of speech that allow for many different points of view and a wide range of explanations of the same historical material. The paper is grounded in the historical narrativism paradigm and organized as follows: the first chapter introduces the theoretical background of narrativism, the second chapter deals with the theoretical approach to history textbooks and with the research that has gone into them. The third chapter offers analyses of all of the scrutinized history textbooks. The fourth and final chapter presents a synthesis spanning all the textbooks, looking for various recurring themes and phenomena.

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Textbooks in the history subject in Swedish upper secondary schools do notseldom favour masculinity over femininity, in their depiction of our world’shistory. There seems to be more room for the gender perspective in them. Thisessay use the gender system and the gender contract to qualitatively andquantitatively examine how gender norms are reproduced in textbooks, and if achange can be seen over the last decades. The results show that men are morefrequently used in the analysed books than women. Moreover the study concludesthat even though women slowly seem to be given more space in textbooks, thereare specific attributes connected to each sex. A discrepancy between thecurriculum’s regulation about gender prejudice and the textbooks’ content cantherefore be distinguished. / <p>Godkännande datum: 2022-01-14</p>

Denna litteraturstudie har undersökt huruvida de undersökta läromedlens innehåll korrelerar med vad som står i ämnesplanen för svenska. Den har också undersökt hur läromedlen används och vilka urval i läromedlen lärarna gör. Resultaten pekar på att det är stora skillnader i utformningen av text, uppgifter och kunskapsnivåer i läromedlen kopplade till om eleven går ett yrkesprogram eller ett högskole-förberedande program. Resultaten har också visat på att de undersökta läromedlen har olika upplägg kopplat till ämnestraditionella konceptioner om svenskämnet, då det i första hand är lärarna själva som är läromedelsförfattare. När det kommer till lärares urval av innehållet i läromedlen och själva användandet av läromedlen, så har materialet i denna studie visat på att det finns indikationer på att detta sker mot bakgrund av den enskilde lärarens pedagogiska grundsyn, ämneskonception och lärarstil. Detta måste ses i ljuset av läromedlens tillkomst, där läromedels-författarna sitter på absolut makt om vad som blir normerande i klassrummens läromedel, utan någon statlig instans som kvalitetssäkrar läromedlen.

In this paper we aim to answer the question: “What kind of teaching practice, criticism, and review is most prominent in the current research about Swedish history school books and literature ?”. Swedish school books was governed and quality controlled by the state and school ministry between the years 1938 and 1991. Ever since 1991 the production of school books has been largely governed by the authors and publishers of said books and often loosely fact-checked by the teaching community. In our research we found that there are numerous social structures that influences what the content in the history school books should be. There is also a lot of criticism aimed towards those same social structures which form our collective history culture. We have also found that there are many ways that teachers use textbooks in their teaching practice.

The purpose of this study is to analyse the cultural content and representations in three English as a second language textbooks published for Swedish students in years 1-3. The issue of cultural content is very visible in contemporary research on English education today and as English has grown into a global language over centuries, it has also become a culturally diverse language. The method used in this study is a merge of Critical Discourse Analysis and Multimodality with a norm critical perspective, using a chart developed within the study as an analytical tool. This study reveals that the textbooks on the one hand consist of a dominant Anglo-American, as well as a Swedish cultural setting where representations of white normative children and adults dominate the text and illustrations. On the other hand, the books show signs of trying to involve a developed perspective on English as an international language (EIL) and interculturality. However, these EIL and intercultural features are probably not enough to help the students who will use these books to develop the intercultural awareness needed later in life when they use their acquired English knowledge with other English speakers across the world.

Eftersom läroboken har en dominerande roll i den svenska matematikundervisning är det av vikt att läroböckernas innehåll är av god kvalitet och arbetar mot de mål som skolans styrdokument strävar mot. Begreppsförståelsen kan förstås som grunden i det matematiska tänkandet. Denna förmåga utvecklas i takt med att eleven får nya erfarenheter och kunskaper kring matematiska problem i olika sammanhang. Ett möte med uttrycksformer av stor variation skapar erfarenheter och hjälper eleven utveckla sin begreppsförmåga. Syftet med denna studie är att få en förståelse för vilka uttrycksformer eleven får möta i det marknadsdominerande läromedlet för grundskolans lägre åldrar samt hur eleven får möjlighet att använda uttrycksformerna som ett verktyg i utvecklandet av begreppsförmågan. Resultatet av studien visar att eleverna får få tillfällen att möta olika uttrycksformer och lära sig använda dem som ett stöd för att utveckla sin begreppsförståelse i matematik. Studien belyser även vikten av elevers kunskap att översätta uttrycksformer till en annan uttrycksform för att erhålla en bredare förståelse för begreppens betydelse. / Since the textbook has a dominant role in Swedish mathematics education, it is important that content is in good quality and works towards the goal of Swedish education. Conceptual understanding can be understood as the basis of mathematical thinking and develops as the student gains new experiences and knowledge of mathematical problems in different contexts. A meeting with a variety of representations can create new experiences and help the student develop a god conceptual understanding. The purpose of this study is to understand what forms of representations the pupils may encounter in the market-dominant textbook for the elementary school. As well the possibility the students have using representation as a tool to create conceptual understanding. The results of the study show that the students are given few opportunities to meet a variation of representations and learn how to use them as a support to gain the conceptual understanding. The study also highlights the importance of students’ ability to translate representations to gain a broader conceptual understanding.

It is important that the authors of textbooks for religious studies think about how they express themselves. They could easily be misunderstood, or they could unknowingly create truths they themselves may not stand for. This study focuses on how authors express themselves when they write about Muslims, what is expected of them, the authors, when they are governed by the syllabus. Several previous studies show tendencies of othering/second-rate of Muslims in teaching materials for religious studies. These previous studies point to a problem, that the authors should avoid othering of Muslims. What my study shows is that there are traces of othering of Muslims as practitioners of Islam, if you do not include other aspects, like for whom is “this” textbook produced for. I highlighted the requirements of the syllabus and placed the textbooks for religious studies in a larger context, which led to the othering being erased. The study shows that the authors do not second-rate Muslims in the teaching materials. Instead of second-rate Muslims, the authors problematize different traditions and rituals within Islam in the material. Admittedly, some traditions and rituals violate the norms we have in Sweden and the western Christian world, but most Muslims do not agree with the conservative and sometimes violent interpretations that we hear through the media, among other things. The teaching materials meet the requirements of the syllabus Religious Knowledge by pointing to a diversity within the religions. And creates understanding that Muslims are not a homogeneous group that act and think alike.

This study is investigating how English as an international language is represented in textbooks of institutionalised second language learning at upper secondary high schools in Germany and Sweden, as well as if and how these representations differ. The method to be used in this essay is a textbook analysis, in which the frequency of references to Inner, Outer and Expanding Circle countries (see Kachru’s (1992) concentric model of World Englishes) is measured. It is thus a comparative study between German and Swedish textbooks, with focus on upper secondary schools and on the representation of English as an international language. The aim of this study is to investigate whether textbooks in the EFL classroom in Swedish and German upper secondary schools present English as an international language.

The diploma thesis focuses on generalization tasks. Its aim is to gain insight into the solving strategies that pupils use and to determine whether the chosen approach depends on the acquired knowledge about the variable. The work is divided into theoretical and research part. The theoretical chapter contains three parts. The first is devoted to letters in mathematics and generalization problems as one of the ways of introducing a variable. The next part presents the results of Czech pupils in the international comparative research TIMSS in the problems on generalisation. The last part is devoted to curricular documents and the analysis of selected textbooks in terms of the occurrence of generalization problems. More attention was devoted to the only textbook series which includes generalization tasks. The research part is the core of the work. Its aim is to describe the solution strategies of selected pupils. Four tasks were the basis of the research. They were selected by the author from various research sources and graded according to their difficulty. Pupils who had already encountered the term variable were the target group as well as pupils for whom it was a new term. Eight pupils participated in the research. They were interviewed about their solutions of the assigned tasks. Next, the...