Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:30:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carmem Lucia Sussel Mariano.pdf: 18974824 bytes, checksum: 04d0c2a29777bec2f4f1d56ae57a7607 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This doctoral thesis belongs to the production of Center of Studies of Gender, Race and Age (Núcleo de Estudos de Gênero, Raça e Idade - NEGRI) of the postgraduate studies program in Social Psyhcology from the Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), with the study of the treatment given by Folha de São Paulo newspaper related to contemporaneous legal milestones that establishes rights for children and teenagers: the International Convention on the rights of the Child, from 1989, the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 and the Statute of Children and Teenager (Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente), from 1990. The interpretation of Folha s production about these legal milestones is based on national and international academic literature about children and teenager s rights and in 460 journalistic articles, covering the period of 1985 to 2006. Our objective was to propose an interpretation of Folha s treatment to contemporaneous legal milestones based on the concept of ideology proposed by John B. Thompson and the theory of Childhood Social Studies and about the construction of social problems. From a methodology standpoint, this thesis adopted the method developed by Thompson, the hermeneutics of depth, and the content analysis, according to Bardin and Rosenberg s proposal. Based on these studies, we have suggested that Folha s treatment to childhood s legal milestones helped to produce and sustain relationships of domination of adults over children and teenagers, creating on this sense an ideological production. Folha s production about legal milestones, even though in significant quantity, specially related to Statute of Children and Teenager, was seldom focused on informing its readers, prevailing a dramatic narrative e approached, preferably, subjects related to violence, to crime, to risky situation and to deviation / Esta tese integra-se à produção do Núcleo de Estudos de Gênero, Raça e Idade (NEGRI) do Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Psicologia Social da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), com o estudo do tratamento dado pelo jornal Folha de S. Paulo aos marcos legais contemporâneos que instituem direitos para crianças e adolescentes: a Convenção Internacional sobre os Direitos da Criança, de 1989, a Constituição Federal de 1988 e o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA), de 1990. A interpretação da produção da Folha sobre esses marcos legais baseou-se na literatura acadêmica nacional e internacional sobre os direitos da criança e do adolescente e em 460 peças jornalísticas coletadas, produzidas entre 1985 e 2006. Nosso objetivo foi propor uma interpretação do tratamento dado pela Folha de S. Paulo aos marcos legais contemporâneos da infância, à luz do conceito de ideologia proposto por John B. Thompson e dos pressupostos teóricos dos campos de Estudos Sociais da Infância e sobre a construção de problemas sociais. No plano metodológico, esta tese adotou o método preconizado por Thompson, a hermenêutica de profundidade, e a análise de conteúdo, conforme proposta por Bardin e Rosemberg. A partir desses aportes, sugerimos que o tratamento da Folha aos marcos legais da infância ajudou a produzir e sustentar relações de dominação de adultos sobre crianças e adolescentes, constituindo, nesse sentido, uma produção ideológica. A produção da Folha sobre os marcos legais, embora de grande volume, em especial em relação ao ECA, pouco se destinou a informar seus leitores. Apreendemos no tratamento dado aos marcos legais o predomínio uma retórica dramática e uma abordagem de temas associados à violência, ao crime, à situação de risco ou ao desvio

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:22:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Alberto Maciel Publio.pdf: 650541 bytes, checksum: 657f0a13df3608af8395ab55c932e749 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-22 / The objective of this research is to study the Conselho Municipal dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente (COMDICA) - City Council for the Rights of the Child and Adolescent - of the City of Vitória da Conquista-Bahia, since its implantation (1991) until the current days. The research was centered in the analysis of the COMDICA s capacity in influencing the public policies for infancy and adolescence as a privileged lócus to the exercise of the participatory democracy. In this view, the research was turned towards the understanding of the interlocutions quality of the Council with the City public power and with the institutions that take care of children and adolescents and also for knowledge of the technical level of the City s Council members on its functions as representants of the civil society and the ability of implementation of its deliberations. In conducting the research, it was evidenced that the COMDICA did not reach its objective as an instance that deliberates on public policies for infancy and adolescence. On the other hand, the city during the administrations of the Partido dos Trabalhadores party (PT), which corresponds to three mandates and, one third, in course, became truthfully a regional reference for implanting projects and developing actions (in the several areas) with the objective to reduce social inequalities and, over all, for assuring the children s and adolescent s rights in situation of social vulnerability / Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar o Conselho Municipal dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente (COMDICA), do Município de Vitória da Conquista-Bahia, a partir de sua instalação (1991) até os dias atuais. A pesquisa centrou-se na análise da capacidade do COMDICA em influenciar as políticas públicas para a infância e adolescência como lócus privilegiado do exercício da democracia participativa. Neste sentido, a pesquisa voltou-se para o entendimento da qualidade da interlocução do Conselho com o poder público municipal e com as instituições que atendem crianças e adolescentes e para conhecimento do nível técnico dos conselheiros municipais de direitos sobre suas funções como representantes da sociedade civil e a capacidade de efetivação das suas deliberações. No transcorrer da pesquisa, constatou-se que o COMDICA não alcançou o seu objetivo como instância que delibera sobre políticas públicas para a infância e adolescência. Por outro lado, o município durante as administrações do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), correspondentes a três mandatos e, um terceiro, em curso, tornou-se uma referência regional notadamente por implantar projetos e desenvolver ações (nas diversas áreas) com o objetivo de reduzir as desigualdades sociais e, sobretudo, por assegurar os direitos da criança e do adolescente em situação de vulnerabilidade social

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:57:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Alberto Maciel Publio.pdf: 650541 bytes, checksum: 657f0a13df3608af8395ab55c932e749 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-06-22 / The objective of this research is to study the Conselho Municipal dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente (COMDICA) - City Council for the Rights of the Child and Adolescent - of the City of Vitória da Conquista-Bahia, since its implantation (1991) until the current days. The research was centered in the analysis of the COMDICA s capacity in influencing the public policies for infancy and adolescence as a privileged lócus to the exercise of the participatory democracy. In this view, the research was turned towards the understanding of the interlocutions quality of the Council with the City public power and with the institutions that take care of children and adolescents and also for knowledge of the technical level of the City s Council members on its functions as representants of the civil society and the ability of implementation of its deliberations. In conducting the research, it was evidenced that the COMDICA did not reach its objective as an instance that deliberates on public policies for infancy and adolescence. On the other hand, the city during the administrations of the Partido dos Trabalhadores party (PT), which corresponds to three mandates and, one third, in course, became truthfully a regional reference for implanting projects and developing actions (in the several areas) with the objective to reduce social inequalities and, over all, for assuring the children s and adolescent s rights in situation of social vulnerability / Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar o Conselho Municipal dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente (COMDICA), do Município de Vitória da Conquista-Bahia, a partir de sua instalação (1991) até os dias atuais. A pesquisa centrou-se na análise da capacidade do COMDICA em influenciar as políticas públicas para a infância e adolescência como lócus privilegiado do exercício da democracia participativa. Neste sentido, a pesquisa voltou-se para o entendimento da qualidade da interlocução do Conselho com o poder público municipal e com as instituições que atendem crianças e adolescentes e para conhecimento do nível técnico dos conselheiros municipais de direitos sobre suas funções como representantes da sociedade civil e a capacidade de efetivação das suas deliberações. No transcorrer da pesquisa, constatou-se que o COMDICA não alcançou o seu objetivo como instância que delibera sobre políticas públicas para a infância e adolescência. Por outro lado, o município durante as administrações do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), correspondentes a três mandatos e, um terceiro, em curso, tornou-se uma referência regional notadamente por implantar projetos e desenvolver ações (nas diversas áreas) com o objetivo de reduzir as desigualdades sociais e, sobretudo, por assegurar os direitos da criança e do adolescente em situação de vulnerabilidade social

Denna studie syftar till att undersöka vilka förändringar som förväntas av en inkorporering av Förenta Nationernas barnkonvention i svensk lagstiftning. Sveriges riksdag röstade sommaren år 2018 igenom regeringens förslag om att inkorporera barnkonventionen, vilket innebär att konventionen blir svensk lag. Sverige har sedan ratificeringen år 1990 varit tvungna att följa barnkonventionens bestämmelser, dock har konventionen inte fått det genomslag som förväntats i landet. Regeringen anser att barnkonventionen genom en inkorporering kommer bidra till ett tydliggörande för barnens rättigheter. Studien kommer även granska och identifiera hur barnkonventionen ska inkorporeras, vilka insatser som regeringen har beslutat om och hur dessa ska genomföras. En inkorporering är dels önskvärd men även kritiserad, därför ska studien även analysera för vilka utmaningar och svårigheter som finns vid en inkorporering. Huvudproblemet som studien syftar till att diskutera är om inkorporeringen av barnkonventionen kommer vara tillräcklig för att luckorna i det barnrättsliga arbetet i Sverige ska tillgodoses. Syftet har besvarats genom intervjuer med sex personer som har kunskap om barnens rättigheter och information om dels den kommande inkorporeringen, dels de insatser som beslutats om samt de utmaningar som finns vid inkorporeringen av barnkonventionen. Resultatet visar att de förändringarna som intervjupersonerna förväntade sig av en inkorporering av barnkonventionen var både positiva och negativa. De positiva förväntningarna är att barnkonventionen får mer genomslag. Att barnets bästa kommer att prövas och att dem kommer att komma till tals i större utsträckning än tidigare. Ytterligare en positiv förändring är att Barnkonventionens kan bidra till en synvända för alla människor i samhället. Det vill säga, hur vi ser på barn, behandlar barn och pratar med barn. De negativa förväntningarna och utmaningarna vid en inkorporering är att konventionen kan uppfattas vag och att den i sig inte utgör en beslutsgrund. Det är därför viktigt att barnkonventionens bestämmelser fortsätts transformeras in i nationell lagstiftning. I intervjuerna uttrycktes även en oro för att regeringens ansvar i att se till att barnkonventionen följs förflyttas till rättstillämparen och att arbetet med att transformera konventionens bestämmelser stannar av. Studien identifierar även behovet av övriga insatser i form av kunskapslyft i skolan där barnen får lära sig om barnkonventionen och deras rättigheter och behovet av att regeringen fattar ett beslut om att tillträda tilläggsprotokoll 3. Det frivilliga tilläggsprotokollet utgör en möjlighet för barn att överklaga beslut som fattats i ärenden som rör dem till FN:s barnrättskommitté. / This study aims to investigate what changes are expected of the incorporation of the United Nation Convention on the Rights of the Child into Swedish legalisation. The Swedish Parliament voted in the summer of 2018 through the Government's proposal to incorporate the Convention into Swedish legislation through incorporation. Since the ratification in 1990, Sweden has had to comply with the provision of the Convention, but the Convention has not had the impetus that was expected in the country. The Government believes that the Convention of the Rights of the Child, through incorporation, will introduce a symbolic clarification of the rights of the children. The study will also research and identify how the convention will be incorporated, what interventions the government has decided on and how these will be implemented. Incorporation is partly desirable, but also criticized, therefore, the study will also analyse the challenges and difficulties encountered in the incorporation of the convention of the Rights of the Child into Swedish legislation. The main problem that the study aims to discuss is whether the incorporation of the Convention of the Rights of the Child will be sufficient to accommodate the gaps in child justice in Sweden.     The aim of the study as well as the research questions has been answered through interviews with six individuals who are experts in the children's rights and who have information on the upcoming incorporation, they also have knowledge about the interventions that have been made and the challenges involved in the incorporation of the Convention of the rights of the child.      The result of the study shows that the expected changes that the interviewees had from incorporating the Convention of the Rights of the Child into Swedish legalisation were both positive and negative. The positive expectation is that the Convention will get more impact. That the best interests of the child will be tested in decisions that concern them and that they will be able to express an opinion to a greater extent than before. The negative expectations and challenges of incorporation are that the convention can be perceived undetermined and in itself does not constitute a basis for decision-making. It is therefore important that the provisions of the Convention continue to be transformed into national law. The interviewees also expressed a concern that the government's responsibility to ensure compliance with the Convention might transferred to the legal experts and that the work on transforming the Convention's provisions contingently stops.     The study also identifies the need of knowledge of the Convention of the Rights of the Child among the children. This will contribute to the positive effect that children will understand that they are carriers of rights. Furthermore the interviewees criticise the government’s decision to not incorporate the third additional protocol, optional protocol of the convention on the rights of the child on a communication procedure.

Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att söka förstå och identifiera barnombudens specifika kunskaper och erfarenheter för att kunna föra en konstruktiv diskussion kring vad detta kan tillföra andra yrkesgrupper som möter barn och unga. Detta genom att undersöka hur barnombud arbetar för att stärka barns rättigheter samt barnombudens reflektioner kring och erfarenheter av detta arbete. Studien baseras på intervjuer med barnombud i civila organisationer som företräder barn i kontakt med sociala välfärdsinstitutioner. Utifrån begrepp som advocacy (företrädarskap) och empowerment samt Harts (1992) delaktighetsstege har intervjuerna tolkats och analyserats. Barnombuden berättar om myndigheter som har svårt att göra barn delaktiga i beslut som rör dem samt om barn och unga som inte får sina rättigheter tillgodosedda. Barnombudens arbete handlar till stor del om att göra barn delaktiga. Detta sker genom att lyssna och skapa tillitsfulla relationer vilket barnombuden menar är en förutsättning för att kunna företräda. Detta relationsarbete kan ses som en del av en empowermentprocess som bidrar till ett ökat självförtroende hos barnen. Barnombuden upplever att det bidrar till att barn inser att deras upplevelser och åsikter betyder något. Barnombuden stärker barns delaktighet i myndighetsprocesser bland annat genom att vara en bro mellan barn och myndigheter där en viktig del är att göra myndighetsinformationen begriplig för barn och unga. Genom barnombudens arbete får barnen även en ökad kunskap och förståelse för sina rättigheter. En av slutsatserna är att även till synes små insatser, som att lyssna och tro på barn och ungas berättelser kan göra stora skillnader för barn och unga. En annan är att det finns en stor efterfrågan på barnombudens arbete som inte motsvarar de befintliga resurserna. Att barnkonvention blir svensk lag kommer sannolikt ha betydelse för barnombudens framtida arbete. Flera av barnombuden menar dock att det behövs mer än att barnkonventionen blir lag för att barns rättigheter ska kunna tillgodoses. / This qualitative study aims to understand and identify the children's right workers - advocates - specific knowledge and experiences in order to be able to contribute a creative discussion about what this can bring to other professional groups working with children and young people. This is done by examining how children advocates work to strengthen children's rights as well as their reflections on and experiences of this work. The study is based on interviews with advocates in non-profit organizations representing children in contact with social welfare institutions. The interviews have been analyzed by applying concepts and theories such as advocacy, empowerment and Roger Hart's Ladder of Participation. The advocates tell about authorities having difficulties making children involved in decisions concerning them, and about children and young people who are denied their rights. A vital part of the work of the advocates is about making children involved in decisions that affect their own lives. This is achieved by listening and creating relationships based on trust, which according to the advocates is a prerequisite for advocacy. The work with relationships can be seen as a part of a process of empowerment that gives children increased self-confidence. It also helps the children realize that their experiences and opinions matter. The advocates strengthen children's participation in authority decisions by being a link between children and the authorities. An important part is to make the information from the authorities understandable. Through the advocacy, the children also increase their knowledge and understanding of their rights. One conclusion is that even seemingly small efforts, such as listening and believing in their stories, can make big differences for the children. Another conclusion is that there is a large gap between existing resources and the need for the advocates’ work. The fact that the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child becomes law in Sweden, will probably be of importance for the future work of the advocates. Several of the advocates claim that more must be done to ensure that children's rights are met.

<p>There is an ongoing discussion in Sweden about child perspective and child’s perspective.</p><p>The municipalities’ family law units are required to include these perspectives in their investigations. But how do they affect the outcome of custody investigations? This essay addresses that issue. I have looked at how much say children have and how much they participate in their custody investigations. I have studied fourteen children, from seven custody investigations, what their views are and how children are presented in these investigations.</p><p>I use a social constructionist theory according to which the way children are viewed is constructed through interactions between people. This essay uses the terms “showing” and “telling” to see how children get their say. In a showing text it is the child who tells the story. In a telling text it is the narrator who is telling us about the child.</p><p>Nine of the children give a clear opinion of which parent they want to live with and how much they want to see the other parent. Eight of the investigations use a showing text to describe the children. These children’s opinions have a greater impact on the investigation than the ones described with a telling text.</p>

<p>Tidigare forskning kring funktionshindrade elevers skolgång och behov har oftast kretsat runt föräldrarnas eller andra vuxnas perspektiv. Barn och unga med funktionshinder har setts med vuxnas ögon. Röster och erfarenheter från barn och ungdomar med funktionshinder har i stort saknats i utredningar och betänkanden. Detta trots att Sverige förbundit sig att efterleva FN:s konvention om barnets rättigheter och inlemma barn och unga i beslutsprocesser. Med utgångspunkt från artikel 12 i FN:s barnkonvention, om barns rätt att höras och bli hörda och den nyligen initierade utredningen om bland annat behovet av en specialskola för elever i gymnasieålder, samt kommunernas möjlighet att anordna utbildning för elever med vissa funktionshinder, var syftet med den aktuella studien att belysa funktionshindrade barn och ungdomars erfarenheter och upplevelser av sin skolsituation. Metoden som använts i denna studie är kvalitativ och med hjälp av en relativt ny och kreativ teknik som kallas ”höringar” försökte vi kartlägga och fördjupa kunskaperna om hörselskadade och döva ungdomars skollinje och erfarenheter från olika skolformer. Utifrån ett barnperspektiv försökte vi besvara dessa frågeställningar; Hur upplever RGD/RGH-elever sin nuvarande skolsituation? Hur gestaltar sig deras erfarenheter av tidigare skolformer? Är ”höringar” en användbar teknik för att få fram de döva och hörselskadades röster? Målgruppen för den aktuella studien består av nio döva och hörselskadade ungdomar som går på riksgymnasiet för döva och hörselskadade i Örebro. Avsikten med studien har inte varit att utröna vilken skolform som kan anses mest lämplig för döva och hörselskadade elever. Studiens litteraturgenomgång berörde centrala begrepp och definitioner på funktionshinder, från de döva och hörselskadades perspektiv. Det svenska teckenspråkets ställning, förhållandet mellan barnperspektiv och barns perspektiv samt internationella politiska styrdokument låg till grund för denna studie. Resultaten från höringarna presenterades i enlighet med modellen i text och bild, så tolkningsfritt som möjligt. Av resultaten framkom det att ungdomarnas upplevelser och erfarenheter låg i linje med den litteratur som granskats i denna studie. Studien visade att ungdomarna upplevelser av RGD/RGH i stort är positiv när det gäller boende-skola-fritid i Örebro. Slutsatsen blev att, för att kartlägga funktionshindrades upplevelser och erfarenheter med ett barnperspektiv utifrån barnkonventionen, så är tekniken ”höring” en passande metod.</p> / <p>Earlier research concerning disabled children’s school attendance or needs often did focus from the parent’s or other adult’s point of view. Disabled youths and children has been seen through the eyes of the adults. Views and experiences of disabled youth and children has clearly been missing in inquiries and reports. Even though that Sweden has undertaken to live up to UN:s Convention about the Rights of Children and involve young people in the decision-making. Setting out from the UNCRC, article 12, about children’s rights to be heard and the recently proposed inquiry of the need of a special upper secondary school for students with disabilities, and the ability of the municipalities to organize education for students with certain disabilities, the purpose of this study was to shed light upon disabled youths and children’s experiences of their school situation. The method used in this study is qualitative, and with this new and creative technique called ”hearings” we tried to map out and engross the knowledge about the line of school for deaf and heaing impaired youth and their views on these different types of schools. Attempts were made to answer these questions from a child’s perspective; how do RGD/RGH-students find their present schoolsituation? What shapes have their experiences from earlier schools they attended? Was ”hearings” a useful technique to express the views of the young deaf and the hearing impareds? The target group in this study consisted of nine deaf and hearing impared youths attending the national upper secondary school for the deaf and hearing impared in Örebro. The purpose of this study was not to find out what would be the best kind of school for the deaf and hearing impared students. The litterature review in the study touched upon central concepts and definitions on disabilities, from the perspective of deaf and hearing impared. Status of the Swedish sign language, relationship between childperspective/ children’s perspective and international political treaties and document was the basis of this study. The results from the ”hearings” was presented accordingly to this techique in texts and pictures, as free from interpretations as possible. The study concluded that the experiences of these youths were in line with the literature review being used in this study. The study shows that their experiences are of the positive kind concerning housing-school-leisure in Örebro. The study also concluded that, in order to map out the experiences of disabled people from a children’s point of view according to the UNCRC, ”hearing” as a technique is suitable.</p>

Tidigare forskning kring funktionshindrade elevers skolgång och behov har oftast kretsat runt föräldrarnas eller andra vuxnas perspektiv. Barn och unga med funktionshinder har setts med vuxnas ögon. Röster och erfarenheter från barn och ungdomar med funktionshinder har i stort saknats i utredningar och betänkanden. Detta trots att Sverige förbundit sig att efterleva FN:s konvention om barnets rättigheter och inlemma barn och unga i beslutsprocesser. Med utgångspunkt från artikel 12 i FN:s barnkonvention, om barns rätt att höras och bli hörda och den nyligen initierade utredningen om bland annat behovet av en specialskola för elever i gymnasieålder, samt kommunernas möjlighet att anordna utbildning för elever med vissa funktionshinder, var syftet med den aktuella studien att belysa funktionshindrade barn och ungdomars erfarenheter och upplevelser av sin skolsituation. Metoden som använts i denna studie är kvalitativ och med hjälp av en relativt ny och kreativ teknik som kallas ”höringar” försökte vi kartlägga och fördjupa kunskaperna om hörselskadade och döva ungdomars skollinje och erfarenheter från olika skolformer. Utifrån ett barnperspektiv försökte vi besvara dessa frågeställningar; Hur upplever RGD/RGH-elever sin nuvarande skolsituation? Hur gestaltar sig deras erfarenheter av tidigare skolformer? Är ”höringar” en användbar teknik för att få fram de döva och hörselskadades röster? Målgruppen för den aktuella studien består av nio döva och hörselskadade ungdomar som går på riksgymnasiet för döva och hörselskadade i Örebro. Avsikten med studien har inte varit att utröna vilken skolform som kan anses mest lämplig för döva och hörselskadade elever. Studiens litteraturgenomgång berörde centrala begrepp och definitioner på funktionshinder, från de döva och hörselskadades perspektiv. Det svenska teckenspråkets ställning, förhållandet mellan barnperspektiv och barns perspektiv samt internationella politiska styrdokument låg till grund för denna studie. Resultaten från höringarna presenterades i enlighet med modellen i text och bild, så tolkningsfritt som möjligt. Av resultaten framkom det att ungdomarnas upplevelser och erfarenheter låg i linje med den litteratur som granskats i denna studie. Studien visade att ungdomarna upplevelser av RGD/RGH i stort är positiv när det gäller boende-skola-fritid i Örebro. Slutsatsen blev att, för att kartlägga funktionshindrades upplevelser och erfarenheter med ett barnperspektiv utifrån barnkonventionen, så är tekniken ”höring” en passande metod. / Earlier research concerning disabled children’s school attendance or needs often did focus from the parent’s or other adult’s point of view. Disabled youths and children has been seen through the eyes of the adults. Views and experiences of disabled youth and children has clearly been missing in inquiries and reports. Even though that Sweden has undertaken to live up to UN:s Convention about the Rights of Children and involve young people in the decision-making. Setting out from the UNCRC, article 12, about children’s rights to be heard and the recently proposed inquiry of the need of a special upper secondary school for students with disabilities, and the ability of the municipalities to organize education for students with certain disabilities, the purpose of this study was to shed light upon disabled youths and children’s experiences of their school situation. The method used in this study is qualitative, and with this new and creative technique called ”hearings” we tried to map out and engross the knowledge about the line of school for deaf and heaing impaired youth and their views on these different types of schools. Attempts were made to answer these questions from a child’s perspective; how do RGD/RGH-students find their present schoolsituation? What shapes have their experiences from earlier schools they attended? Was ”hearings” a useful technique to express the views of the young deaf and the hearing impareds? The target group in this study consisted of nine deaf and hearing impared youths attending the national upper secondary school for the deaf and hearing impared in Örebro. The purpose of this study was not to find out what would be the best kind of school for the deaf and hearing impared students. The litterature review in the study touched upon central concepts and definitions on disabilities, from the perspective of deaf and hearing impared. Status of the Swedish sign language, relationship between childperspective/ children’s perspective and international political treaties and document was the basis of this study. The results from the ”hearings” was presented accordingly to this techique in texts and pictures, as free from interpretations as possible. The study concluded that the experiences of these youths were in line with the literature review being used in this study. The study shows that their experiences are of the positive kind concerning housing-school-leisure in Örebro. The study also concluded that, in order to map out the experiences of disabled people from a children’s point of view according to the UNCRC, ”hearing” as a technique is suitable.

Background/aim: The purpose of this sociological study "Genus in the Child's Best Interest" was to, from the Administrative Court's decree about the child's own behavior, further clarify the concept of the child's best interest by studying how the concept is expressed in decrees with focus on genus. Theory: Three genus theories, to compare girls and boys, Mary John's power theory, the grown ups definition of what the reality is and what it should contain, and a labeling theory, where the people with power are the ones to define what's normal and what's not, have been used to analyze the result in this study. Method: A content analyses was used to analyze the decrees, with the focus on girls and boys between the ages of 12 to 19, where they have been forced into treatment by the law. Result: The concept of a child's best interest does make a difference between girls and boys in the decrees, and the girls have more power because they have more room to express themselves and are less responsible for their thoughts and actions. The concept is possible to use, but the definition is subjective and could be colored by the societies values and norms.

Background/aim: The purpose of this sociological study "Genus in the Child's Best Interest" was to, from the Administrative Court's decree about the child's own behavior, further clarify the concept of the child's best interest by studying how the concept is expressed in decrees with focus on genus. Theory: Three genus theories, to compare girls and boys, Mary John's power theory, the grown ups definition of what the reality is and what it should contain, and a labeling theory, where the people with power are the ones to define what's normal and what's not, have been used to analyze the result in this study. Method: A content analyses was used to analyze the decrees, with the focus on girls and boys between the ages of 12 to 19, where they have been forced into treatment by the law. Result: The concept of a child's best interest does make a difference between girls and boys in the decrees, and the girls have more power because they have more room to express themselves and are less responsible for their thoughts and actions. The concept is possible to use, but the definition is subjective and could be colored by the societies values and norms.