Uma das características da Administração Pública atual é a necessidade de uma atuação com mais qualidade e com foco em resultados traços do modelo teórico do gerencialismo. Ainda, segundo os preceitos da governança pública, propõe-se que a atividade da Administração Pública, voltada para a eficiência e para o cumprimento de metas, seja possível através da interação do Estado com outros atores sociais, tais como empresas e organizações da sociedade civil. Nesse contexto, merece destaque o contratualismo com as entidades privadas sem fins lucrativos para que auxiliem o Estado na consecução de seus objetivos, especialmente na realização de serviços públicos. Em um modelo colaborativo, são feitos ajustes entre a Administração Pública e essas entidades para a realização de desígnios comuns a ambos, com um incremento na eficiência e na qualidade da prestação dos serviços públicos. No Brasil, um dos tipos de acordos possíveis para se atingir essa finalidade é o contrato de gestão com as organizações sociais, regulamentado pela Lei federal n. 9.637/98. Neste tipo de ajuste, o grande destaque é a necessidade de mensuração do desempenho atingido e a sua comparação com as metas propostas, para fins de controle e de responsabilização. Contudo, na prática, há uma carência de mecanismos que possibilitem tal finalidade. Para que se torne viável a aferição de resultados neste tipo de ajuste, propõe-se o uso de indicadores de desempenho mais comumente utilizados no âmbito privado. Dentre os modelos possíveis, sugere-se a adaptação do balanced scorecard, a fim de possibilitar o controle pelo cumprimento de metas nos contratos de gestão. Por fim, há uma ilustração prática através da análise do contrato celebrado entre a Secretaria Municipal da Saúde da Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo e a Associação Paulista para o Desenvolvimento da Medicina (SPDM), com vistas ao desenvolvimento das ações e serviços de saúde no Território Aricanduva-Sapopemba-São Mateus. / One characteristic of the current Public Administration is the need of a higher quality performance focused on results features of the managerialist theoretical model. Furthermore, in accordance with the commandments of public governance, it is proposed that the activities of the Public Administration focused on efficiency and compliancy with goals is possible by means of the interaction between the State and other social actors, such as businesses and civil society organizations. In this context, contractualism involving nonprofitable private entities deserves emphasis so that they help the State reach their goals, especially in the execution of public services. In a collaborative model, agreements are reached between the Public Administration and those entities to reach common goals increasing the efficiency and quality of public services rendering. In Brazil, one of the possible kinds of agreement to reach this goal is the management contract with social organizations regulated by Federal Law n. 9.637/98. In this kind of agreement, the greatest highlight is the need to measure the achieved performance and its comparison with the established goals for controlling and responsibility purposes. However, in practice, there is an absence of mechanisms which make such purposes possible. To enable the measurement of results in this kind of agreement, the use of performance indicators is proposed more commonly used in the private field. Among the possible models, the adaptation of the balanced scorecard is suggested in order to make the control by compliance with goals in the management contract possible. At last, there is a practical illustration based on the analysis of the contract entered into by the Municipal Office of Health of São Paulo (Secretaria Municipal da Saúde da Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo) and the São Paulo Association for Medicine Development (SPDM Associação Paulista para o Desenvolvimento da Medicina), aiming at the development of health actions and services in the areas of Aricanduva Sapopemba São Mateus.

Um dos principais problemas das lajes-cogumelo refere-se à ruína por puncionamento da ligação laje-pilar. Esta forma de ruína deve ser evitada, proporcionando-se às lajes as melhores condições para o desenvolvimento de mecanismos de escoamento das armaduras e de ruína por flexão, antes da ocorrência da ruína por cisalhamento. A introdução de fibras de aço em elementos de concreto submetidos a solicitações tangenciais proporciona melhoria de desempenho, seja pelo aumento da capacidade resistente, seja pela alteração da forma de ruína. Pretende-se contribuir com o avanço do conhecimento sobre o assunto, explorando aspectos como a análise das similaridades dos efeitos da adição de fibras de aço na resistência e na ductilidade de lajes-cogumelo à punção, com aqueles que se observam no cisalhamento de vigas prismáticas análogas. Abordam-se os casos de ligações laje-pilar interno sem armadura de punção, variando-se a resistência do concreto, a taxa e o tipo de fibra utilizado. A partir dos resultados experimentais, verificou-se que existe uma similaridade de comportamento estrutural entre esses dois elementos e concluiu-se que é possível utilizar ensaios de cisalhamento em vigas prismáticas para se obter indicadores a serem utilizados nos ensaios de punção de lajes. Foi efetuada uma análise da adaptabilidade de modelos teóricos existentes sobre cisalhamento em vigas e punção em lajes, com vistas à consideração do efeito da adição de fibras de aço ao concreto. Com base nesses modelos, foram estabelecidos critérios quantitativos para avaliação da resistência e da ductilidade das ligações laje-pilar. / One of the main problems of flat slabs concerns the punching shear failure of the slab-column connection. This form of failure must be avoided, providing flat slabs with the best conditions for the development of yielding mechanisms of the flexural reinforcement before the occurrence of shear failure. The addition of steel fibers to concrete elements subjected to tangential stress provides performance improvement, by either the resistant capacity increase or the failure mode alteration. It is intended to contribute to the advance of the subject knowledge, by exploring aspects as the analysis of similarities of the steel fiber addition effects on both strength and ductility of flat slabs to punching shear with those observed in the shear of analogous prismatic beams. The cases approached include internal slab-column connections without shear reinforcement, and the variables investigated included concrete strength, fiber volume and type of steel fiber. From the experimental results, it was possible to verify that there exists a similarity of structural behavior between these two elements and the shear tests in prismatic beams can be used to get indicators to be utilized in punching shear tests of flat slabs. An adaptability analysis of the existing theoretical models on shear in beams and punching shear in flat slabs was carried out in order to consider the steel fibers addition effect on the concrete. Based on these models, quantitative criteria for the evaluation of both strength and ductility of the slab-column connections were established.

This research concerns the design of a multiple-media study package for sight-singing and how national standards for sight-singing can be realised by using this study package. Sight-singing is a skill which can be of great value for singers, choristers and other musicians. Unfortunately this skill has been sadly neglected in South African schools. The result is that a great percentage of society (and in particular, choristers) is not able to read music and then sing it. The researchers is responsible for sight-singing tuition at the Drakensberg Boys’ Choir School, which is the only choir school in South Africa. The ages of new choristers vary from 9 to 13 years and there is a considerable variation in their music backgrounds. It is therefore essential that every learner can work at his own pace to master sight-singing. The author did research on this subject to compile a sight-singing programme which will enable learners to reach a high standard of sight-singing while progressing at their own pace. By making a study of relevant literature, the author gathered information on sight-singing, reading, communication, educational media as well as Outcomes-Based Education and instructional design. The author formulated criteria for a sight-singing programme and for the use of educational media in such a programme. These criteria are used to evaluate seven different sight-singing programmes. The evaluation indicated to the researcher how other authors approached the subject. He identified the strong and weak points of every programme. The researcher designed a multiple-media study package for sight-singing according to Dick and Carey’s systems approach model for designing instruction (1996). The study package consists of a workbook, a textbook and two audio CDs. The author did action research by using the study package to teach sight-singing to the new choristers at the Drakensberg Boys’ Choir School. Various problems in the study package became clear while using it for teaching. The study package was amended a number of times to eliminate the shortcomings. This research indicates that sight-singing is not only possible when a competent teacher is present. Students can learn sight-singing independently by using a multiple-media programme. / Thesis (DMus)--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Music / unrestricted

Acts committed by insiders have risen during past years, and there is a need for a better understanding of how preventive measures can be used, not just remedial action after the fact. The current narrative in research when discussing espionage was motive; why someone committed espionage. The aim of this study was to create a theoretical model of a ‘risk individual’ and, with the use of the model, techniques for personality assessment and text analysis, develop an artefact, a self-assessment test, that could be used to assess if a person had a higher risk to commit the act of espionage. Design Science research was chosen as a main methodological approach with supporting methods throughout. A survey was chosen to collect the data and the data was analyzed quantitatively. The artefact is partly based on selfassessment questionnaires and partly on themes identified as necessary when a governmental agency conducted personal security interviews for potential new hires. In order to achieve the research goal, data from 52 individuals were collected and analyzed using various quantitative methods. When applying internal reliability testing to the risk factors proposed by the theoretical model, seven out of the eight factors had good reliability. One factor, stress, performed poorly. This was probably due to the width of the questions asked, from personal to professional stress. This resulted in stress being removed from further testing. The remaining seven factors correlated with each other, apart from one, entitlement. This risk factor correlated with ethical flexibility but not the other six risk factors. In order to test how well the Big Five correlated with risk, the mean of a risk individual was calculated and compared with the five factors of OCEAS. The five factors all correlated negatively with risk, with agreeableness having the highest negative correlation and extroversion having the lowest. Differences could be seen when comparing the ten participants with the highest mean risk score to the ten with the lowest for both the Big Five and the risk factors in the theoretical model. The differences for the Big Five were lower than those for the theoretical model, i.e., both Big Five and the theoretical model work as sorting out higher-risk individuals. However, they worked better together and provided a more profound picture than using just one or the other. The open-text questions were analyzed with the help of wordlists to calculate how the participants used different types of pronouns when writing. One wordlist provided potentially interesting results (the word list for ‘I’), while the others did not.

No description available.

No description available.

La réadaptation gériatrique reconnaît le loisir comme un indicateur clé des résultats de la réadaptation. Cependant, les connaissances théoriques sur le loisir sont peu développées. L’objectif de ce mémoire est de décrire et critiquer des modèles en lien avec le loisir et publiés dans les écrits scientifiques afin d’en dégager les aspects les plus pertinents pour la réadaptation gériatrique. Dix modèles ont été sélectionnés à partir d’une stratégie de recherche bibliographique. Ils ont été analysés sur la base de six critères : 1) le processus de développement du modèle, 2) les concepts, 3) les interactions entre les concepts, 4) l’aspect pratique, 5) la littérature générée et 6) la compatibilité avec les concepts-clés de la réadaptation gériatrique. Les résultats révèlent quatre modèles particulièrement intéressants pour la réadaptation gériatrique, sans pouvoir en dégager un en particulier, chacun présentant des forces et des limites qui sont discutées. De plus, les concepts rattachés au loisir les plus pertinents à retenir selon l’ensemble des modèles concernent: 1) la participation dans les loisirs, 2) la perception de soi face aux loisirs, 3) la motivation dans les loisirs, 4) la satisfaction dans les loisir, 5) les capacités en lien avec les loisirs et 6) l’environnement physique et social. Les résultats de la présente étude se traduiront par une meilleure connaissance des déterminants, caractéristiques et effets du loisir auprès des personnes âgées en processus de réadaptation. / Leisure is a key indicator of successful geriatric rehabilitation. However, there is a need for further development of theoretical knowledge of the role of leisure. The goal of this study was to describe and analyze scientific publications addressing leisure models and to extract the most relevant aspects for the rehabilitation of the elderly. A structured bibliographical search was conducted to select the most pertinent models (n=10). These models were analyzed regarding six criteria: 1) the development process of the model, 2) concepts put forward, 3) the interactions between the various concepts, 4) there practical aspects, 5) the subsequent literature generated and 6) the compatibility with key concepts of rehabilitation. It was concluded that four of the ten models were more pertinent for geriatric rehabilitation. Each model strengths and weaknesses are examined. The most relevant concepts that emerged from all the models are: 1) leisure participation, 2) leisure and self-perception, 3) leisure motivation, 4) leisure satisfaction, 5) leisure capacities and 6) physical and social environment. It is hoped that this study will be a first step in the comprehension of the determinants, characteristics and effects of leisure in the context of geriatric rehabilitation.

Embora o ressalto hidráulico seja um assunto já muito estudado, é igualmente um assunto de grande interesse, acerca do qual ainda existem diversos questionamentos a respeito de suas características. Por essa razão, buscou-se neste projeto o desenvolvimento de estudos experimentais e a proposição de um modelo teórico. Os trabalhos experimentais foram desenvolvidos com o uso de um sensor ultrassônico, para aquisição de dados instantâneos da superfície livre, sendo estudados ressaltos com número de Froude na seção supercrítica entre 1,94 e 5,26 e duas condições de controle a montante: comporta plana e vertedor de soleira espessa. As seguintes variáveis foram avaliadas a partir dos experimentos: comprimento do rolo, comprimento do ressalto, intensidade turbulenta vertical, perfil da superfície livre e frequências dos sinais de saída do sensor. Os perfis da superfície livre, considerando-se separadamente os dados de comporta e vertedor, foram ajustados a partir de uma equação heurística e as frequências características foram comparadas com os comprimentos característicos do ressalto. Além disso, foram efetuados registros fotográficos do escoamento com uma câmera de alta velocidade e luz laser para uma condição experimental (com baixo número de Froude supercrítico), sendo a superfície livre detectada por meio de técnicas usuais de processamento de imagens. O perfil médio obtido com o sensor foi semelhante ao perfil das imagens. Em relação ao modelo teórico proposto, este foi desenvolvido a partir de dois volumes de controle (VC) fixos, sendo obtidas duas equações para a relação entre o comprimento do rolo e a altura supercrítica. Verificou-se uma variação de quarenta porcento entre os valores previstos com as equações e os dados experimentais, em função da própria divergência dos dados de comprimento do rolo indicados pelos autores. De forma geral, o estudo mostrou-se relevante por possibilitar a avaliação da estrutura externa do ressalto hidráulico por meio de diferentes abordagens metodológicas. / Althought hydraulic jump has been studied for a long time, it is equally a theme of large interest, which many aspects related to its characteristics remain unanswered. Therefore, the development of experimental studies and the proposal of a theoretical model was sought in this project. The experimental works were carried out using an ultrassonic sensor, in order to acquire instantaneous data of the free surface, being studied hydraulic jumps with inflow Froude number ranging between 1.94 and 5.26 and two upstream control structures: plane gate and broad-crested weir. The following variables were evaluated: roller length, hydraulic jump length, vertical turbulent intensity, free surface profile, frequencies of the output data sensor. The free surface profiles, considering individually the plane gate and broad-crested weir, were adjested using a heuristic equation and characteristic frequencies were compared to the characteristic jump lengths. Furthermore, the flow was photographed using a high speed camera and a laser light for one experimental condition (for low inflow Froude number). The free surface in images were detected trought usual image processing techniques. The mean profile obtained from the sensor was very similar to the images profile. Regarding the theoretical model, it was developed considering two fixed control volumes (VC), obtaining two equations for the roller length and supercritical depth ratio. A variation of forty percent was observed between the predicted and experimental values, due to the own divergence among the roller length data suggested by the authors. Overall, the study was relevant, because it allowed the evaluation of the external structure of hydraulic jumps by means of different methodological approaches.

Short selling is important for price efficiency as it helps negative information to be incorporated into prices. As short selling requires borrowing stock in advance, the equity lending market plays a central role in price efficiency. For instance, when the costs of borrowing certain equities are high, these stocks are likely to be overpriced. Unfortunately, not much is known about the equity lending market, particularly the Brazilian market. Here, we have investigated a particular feature of the equity lending contract, namely, the lender recall option. Lending contracts either i) allow the lender to recall the stock at an earlier date than initially agreed, or ii) allow no early recall, that is, they are fixed term contracts. We have derived a simple model for recall option pricing and confirmed the model empirically / A venda descoberta desempenha uma importante participação na eficiência da precificação de ativos, pois permite incorporar informações negativas aos seus preços. Como a venda descoberta requer que um ativo seja alugado previamente, o mercado de aluguel de ativos tem um papel central na formação eficiente de preços. Por exemplo, quando os custos de aluguel são altos, ativos estão provavelmente sobrevalorizados. Infelizmente pouco se conhece a fundo sobre o mercado de aluguel de ativos. Neste artigo, investigamos uma característica do aluguel de ações, propriamente dita, a opção de liquidação antecipada pelo doador. Contratos de aluguel, quanto a este aspecto, podem i) permitir que o doador requeira suas ações antes do prazo acordado ou ii) não permitir esta opção, possuindo prazo fixo. Derivamos um modelo simples de precificação desta opção e confirmamos o modelo empiricamente

[pt] Este trabalho constrói um modelo que gera uma dinâmica onde interagem (i) decisões educacionais, tanto individuais, quanto no nível público, (ii) decisões da fecundidade, e (iii) a economia política de uma sociedade. Esta interação, em conseqüência, determina: (i) a qualidade relativa do ensino público e privado e sua distribuição, (ii) o diferencial de fecundidade entre grupos sociais e (iii) a distribuição do poder político que, conjuntamente, determinam a evolução da distribuição de renda na sociedade. Apesar de ser um modelo geral, busca-se a adequação a alguns fatos estilizados e a evidências empíricas encontradas no Brasil, um país muito desigual, com um sistema democrático relativamente novo e com sérios problemas educacionais Resolvo então o equilíbrio estático e calibro os parâmetros, resolvendo a dinâmica numericamente. Mostro que, se a democracia funcionar bem, teremos um equilíbrio sem desigualdade no longo prazo, e explico então as forças que nos mantêm em uma armadilha de desigualdade elevada. / [en] This paper builds a model whose main idea is to generate a dynamics in which (i) educational decisions, at the individual as well at the public level, (ii) fertility decisions, and (iii) the political economy of a society interact and determine the (i) relative quality of public and private education and its distribution, (ii)the fertility differential between the groups and (iii) the distribution of political power, which jointly shape the evolution of income distribution in society. In spite of being a general model, it fits some stylized facts and empirical evidence found in Brazil, a very unequal country with a quite young democracy and very serious educational problems. We solve for the static equilibrium and then calibrate the parameters and solve it numerically. We find that if democracy works well, then we will have no inequality in the long run, and explain which are the forces that maintain us in a high inequality trap.