Mechanical properties of Nb-Ti composite superconducting wires were tested at room temperature. The results were analysed using simple composite theory, the rule of mixtures. The objective is to predict the mechanical properties of Nb-Ti superconducting composite wires as a function of volume ratio and geometry of the components, the composite wire size and the effect of heat treatment at final drawing wire sizes. To understand the mechanical behaviors of the Nb-Ti composite, mechanical testing of the individual composite components, Nb-Ti filament and copper matrix, was performed, and the geometry of the composite was also studied. The results indicate that for the monofilamentary composite simple composite theory with two components, Nb-Ti filament and copper matrix, can be used as the prediction of the UTS of the composite. For the multifilamentary composite three components make up the composites; a high strength Nb-Ti fiber, a low strength, high ductility bulk copper matrix and a mid-strength (between the Nb-Ti fiber's and bulk copper matrix's) interfilamentary copper matrix. After heavy cold work the UTS of Nb-Ti filaments and bulk copper matrix in the composite saturate, while the UTS of the interfilamentary copper increases as the interfilamentary spacing decreases. The UTS of the interfilamentary copper matrix as a linear function of the reciprocal of interfilamentary spacing is found. The controlling parameters in the manufacturing which determine the mechanical properties of Nb-Ti composite superconducting wires include superconductor to composite ratio, UTS of the Nb-Ti filament and copper matrix, wire final drawing size, and geometry of the composite such as size and number of the filaments, interfilamentary spacing, volume fraction of fringe and core bulk copper in multifilamentary composites. / Graduation date: 1991

Titanium matrix composites have been extensively evaluated for their potential to replace conventional superalloys in high temperature structural applications, with significant weight-savings while maintaining comparable mechanical properties. The purpose of this investigation is the evaluation of a gamma titanium aluminide alloy with nominal composition Ti-46.5Al-4(Cr,Nb,Ta,B)at.% as a matrix material for use in intermediate temperature applications (400-800㩠in future aerospace transportation systems, as very light-weight structures are needed for cost and weight reduction goals. Mechanical characterization testing was performed over the potential usable temperature range (21-800㩮 Thermal expansion behavior was evaluated, as thermal mismatch of the constituents is an expected problem in composites employing this matrix material. Monotonic testing was conducted on rolled sheet material samples to obtain material properties. The alloy exhibited good strength and stiffness retention at elevated temperatures, as well as improved toughness. Monotonic testing was also conducted on specimens exposed to elevated temperatures to determine the degradation effects of high temperature exposure and oxidation. The exposure did not significantly degrade the alloy properties at elevated temperatures; however, room temperature ductility decreased. Analytical modeling using AGLPLY software was conducted to predict the residual stress state after composite consolidation as well as the potential mechanical behavior of [0]4 laminates with a 㭍ET matrix. Silicon carbide (Ultra-SCS) and alumina (Nextel 610) fibers were selected as potential reinforcing materials for the analysis. High residual stresses were predicted due to the thermal mismatch in the materials. Laminates with Nextel 610 fibers were found to offer the better potential for a composite in this comparison as they provide a better thermal match. Coupons of SCS-6/㭍ET were manufactured with different volume fractions (10% and 20%). Both manufacturing attempts resulted in transverse cracking in the matrix from the residual thermal stress.

The successful use of Nickel-Titanium (Nitinol) in biomedical applications requires an accurate control of its unique mechanical properties. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of a wide range of heat treatments on the mechanical behavior of hot-rolled and cold-drawn Nitinol. Results comprise an understanding of the effect of heat treatment temperature and time variation on final material response which is imperative for optimization of material properties. Thirty-three heat treatment variations are tested by combining three durations, 10 minutes, 90 minutes, and 8 hours, with eleven different heat treatment temperatures between 200°C and 440°C. Following heat treatment, the Nitinol samples undergo tensile testing with upper plateau strength, lower plateau strength, ultimate tensile strength, strain to failure, and residual elongation compared for all test groups. Heat treatment "power" is used to describe the efficacy of different combinations of heat treatment temperature and duration. When using hot-rolled Nitinol, results show a low heat treatment power does not create significant precipitation hardening or a significant decrease in martensite transformation stress, resulting in a high upper plateau strength, high residual strain values, and evidence of plastic deformation upon unloading. Moderate power treatments lead to sufficient hardening of the material and a decrease in martensite transformation stress resulting in a pseudoelastic response. Increasing to a high treatment power further decreases the transformation stress and increases the martensite transformation temperature leading to a shape-memory response in hot rolled Nitinol. When using cold-drawn Nitinol, low and moderate heat treatment power levels result in the material exhibiting a pseudoelastic response. Increasing heat treatment power shows the same effects on martensite transformation stress and temperature as seen with the hot-rolled material resulting in a material response transition from pseudoelastic to shape memory.

Thesis (M.S. in M.S.E.)--School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. Directed by Roger J. Narayan. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-88).

published_or_final_version / Dentistry / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Titanium alloys are widely utilized in the aerospace, biomedical,marine, petro-chemical and other demanding industries due to theirdurability, high fatigue resistance and ability to sustain elevateoperating temperature. As titanium alloys are difficult to machine, dueto which machining of these alloys ends up with higher environmentalburden. The industry is now embracing the sustainable philosophy inorder to reduce their carbon footprint. This means that the bestsustainable practices have to be used in machining of titanium alloys aswell as in an effort to reduce the carbon footprint and greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions.In this thesis, a better understanding towards the feasibility of shiftingfrom conventional (dry and flood) cooling techniques to the vegetableoil based minimum quantity cooling lubrication (MQCL) wasestablished. Machining performance of MQCL cooling strategies wasencouraging as in most cases the tool life was found close to floodstrategy or sometimes even better. The study revealed that theinfluence of the MQCL (Internal) application method on overallmachining performance was more evident at higher cutting speeds. Inaddition to the experimental machinability investigations, FiniteElement Modeling (FEM) and Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD)Modeling was also employed to prediction of energy consumed inmachining and cutting temperature distribution on the cutting tool. Allnumerical results were found in close agreement to the experimentaldata. The contribution of the thesis should be of interest to those whowork in the areas of sustainable machining. / <p>QC 20150915</p>

M. Tech. Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering. / Aims to understand and study the tribology and tribocorrosion behaviour of the adaptive titanium-nickel-zirconia composite coatings deposited on AISI 316 stainless steel using laser surface deposition technique under various laser processing speeds. The research aim is meant to be achieved through the following objectives: 1. Determine appropriate procedure for laser feedstock deposition ; 2. Investigate tribological performance of laser composites under various loads ; 3. Evaluate the corrosion of the laser composites coatings. and 4. Assess tribocorrosion behavior of the composite coatings

No description available.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) irreversibly cross-link proteins with sugars and accumulate at a higher age and in diabetes, processes which can interfere with the integration of implants into the tissue. Glyoxal is a highly reactive glycating agent involved in the formation of AGEs and is known to induce apoptosis, as revealed by the upregulation of caspase-3 and fractin (caspase-3 being a key enzyme activated during the late stage of apoptosis and fractin being a caspase-cleaved actin fragment). In this study, we investigated the influence of collagen type I coating on the cytotoxic effect of glyoxal on rat calvarial osteoblastic cells and on human osteosarcoma cells (Saos-2) grown on titanium alloy, Ti6Al4V. Activation of caspase-3 and fractin was measured by counting immunohistochemically stained cells and by flow cytometry with propidium iodide (detection of the apoptosis indicating a sub-G1 peak). Our results showed an increased number of apoptotic osteoblasts after incubation with glyoxal on Ti6Al4V discs. However, the number of apoptotic cells on collagen-coated titanium was significantly smaller than on uncoated titanium after the same treatment. The present findings demonstrate that osteoblasts treated with glyoxal undergo apoptosis, whereas collagen type I coating of titanium alloys (used for implants) has an antiapoptotic function. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

The manufacturing sector is one of the most rapidly growing sectors in the industrialized world today. Manufacturing industry is concerned with being more competitive and profitable. Profit margins are directly related to the productivity of the company, and productivity improvements can be achieved by making manufacturing processes more efficient and sustainable. Knowledge of cutting conditions and their impact on machined surface and tool life enable productivity improvement.  These days the main emphasis is not only to increase productivity, but also to make processes cleaner and more environmental friendly.  This research aims to study machinability of difficult to cut, titanium alloys, in close reference to the application of different cooling/ lubrication strategies and their environmental impact. Total energy consumed (kWh) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions produced in machining are common environmental indicators. In this research project environmental implications of the cutting process were calculated in terms of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and energy consumption analysis. The experimental work consisted of controlled machining tests with cutting force, surface roughness, power, and flank wear measurements under dry, mist, combination of vegetable oil mist and cooled air (MQL+CA) and flood cutting environments. The current study provides better understanding of the cutting performance of TiAlN coated and uncoated carbide tools. The study also investigated tool failure modes, tool wear mechanisms, surface roughness and energy consumption to improve machinability of Titanium alloys.  The study revealed the promising behaviour of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) under specific ranges of cutting speed for both coated and uncoated tools.  Variation in the cutting force showed close link with built up edge (BUE) formation. MQL based systems have huge potential to improve machinability of Titanium alloys and should be investigated further. / <p>QC 20140407</p>