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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Investigating human trafficking for sexual exploitation: from ‘lived experiences’ towards a complex systems understanding

Van der Watt, Marcel January 2018 (has links)
Human trafficking for sexual exploitation, as the most documented type of trafficking both internationally and in South Africa, was the focus of this study as it poses significant challenges to response efforts whilst remaining a crime of vast impunity. At the centre of this study was the researcher’s curiosity-infused endeavour to understand the lived experiences of multipronged stakeholders who have first-hand experience of the investigation into human trafficking for sexual exploitation. A qualitative approach and the use of hermeneutic phenomenology within a broader postmodernist and constructivist positioning served as the catalyst for generating novel insights. Numerous formal and informal conversations over the 5-year research period, site visits to multiple sex trade locations around South Africa and 91 in-depth and unstructured interviews with participants from 15 different vantage points were conducted. Five themes were identified from participants’ lived experiences as they related to the investigation of human trafficking for sexual exploitation. These were Theme 1: Sex Trade, Human Trafficking and Organised Crime; Theme 2: Combating Human Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation; Theme 3: Victims of Human Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation; Theme 4: Corruption and Compromise; and Theme 5: The Social Context and Scope of the Problem. A rich and in-depth presentation of participants’ lived experiences from an emic point of view was made. Knowledge generated include the revelation of problematic claims by preservationists around the nature of the sex trade in South Africa, insights into complexities intrinsic to human trafficking for sexual exploitation and multi-layered challenges associated with investigations into the crime. At the apex of the study was the deconstruction of complex systems theory and its application to the phenomenological essence of participants’ lived experiences. A proposed application of the theory was suggested for a more agile, robust and effective multipronged investigation strategy to combat human trafficking for sexual exploitation. A strong argument is made for a ‘whole’ and non-reductionist approach to investigations that continuously considers both the complexity of the crime and the day-to-day realities of the stakeholders who contribute to the multipronged investigation into human trafficking for sexual exploitation. / Ukurhweba ngabantu ngeenjongo zokubaxhaphaza ngokwesondo, lolona didi lorhwebo lokuxhaphaza ekubhalwe ngalo kakhulu kwihlabathi jikelele nakuMzantsi Afrika. Esi sifundo sigxile kolu rhwebo njengoko lucela umngeni kwimizamo yokusabela lo gama ilulwaphulo mthetho olungalawulekiyo. Esizikithini sesi sifundo yayingumdla womphandi ukuqonda ngamava abo bathatha inxaxheba ekuphandeni ngorhwebo lokuxhaphaza ngokwesondo. Kukhethwe ufundo oluqwalasela umgangatho nokusetyenziswa kwesimbo sokutolika iimeko ezikhoyo kwilizwe elisemva kwelale mihla siphila kuyo njengeyona nqobo eya kuveza iimbono ezingaqhelekanga. Kwabanjwa inqwaba yeencoko ezisesikweni nezingekho sikweni ezenziwe kwisithuba seminyaka yophando engaphaya kwemihlanu, kwatyelelwa kwiindawo zorhwebo lokuxhaphaza ngokwesondlo ezikhoyo eMzantsi Afrika, kwabanjwa nodliwano ndlebe olunzulu lungaqingqwanga olungama-91 nabantu abakwiindawo zomdla ezili-15. Kwabonakala imixholo emihlanu esuka kumava abathathi nxaxheba malunga nophando ngorhwebo lokuxhaphaza ngesondo. Le mixholo yile: Umxholo woku-1: Urhwebo Lwesondo, Urhwebo Lokuxhaphaza Abantu, Nolwaphulo Mthetho Olucwangcisiweyo; Umxholo wesi-2: Ukulwa Urhwebo lokuxhaphaza abantu Ngenjongo Yesondo; Umxholo wesi-3: Amaxhoba Orhwebo Lokuxhaphaza Abantu Ngenjongo Yesondo; Umxholo wesi-4: Ubuqhophololo Nokunikezela; kunye noMxholo wesi-5: Imeko Yezentlalo Nomthamo Wengxaki. Kwenziwa inkcazelo enzulu netyebileyo yamava abathathi nxaxheba evelelwa ngokwendlela abantu bendawo abacinga nabazibona ngayo izinto. Ulwazi olufunyenweyo luquka izimvo eziyingxaki zabantu abakhuthaza ukugcinwa kwezinto zinjengoko zinjalo, malunga nohlolo olululo lorhwebo ngesondo eMzantsi Afrika, izimvo ngobunzima obubuthume kurhwebo lokuxhaphaza abantu ngenjongo yesondo kunye nemingeni emininzi eyayanyaniswa nophando lolwaphulo mthetho. Encochoyini yesi sifundo kukuhlakaza ingcingane exhakaxhaka yeenkqubo nokusetyenziswa kwayo kwiimeko ezikhoyo kumava abathathi nxaxheba. Kwacetyiswa indlela yokusebenzisa le ngcingane ekwenzeni icebo elinamandla nelisebenzayo lokulwa urhwebo lokuxhaphaza abantu ngenjongo yesondo. Kuthethelwa indlela yokusebenza ‘epheleleyo’ nengacuthi nto ekuqhubeni uphando v olusoloko luthathela ingqalelo ubuxhakaxhaka bolwaphulo mthetho namava emihla ngemihla abathathi nxaxheba abafaka isandla kuphando oluvelela iinkalo ezininzi kurhwebo lokuxhaphaza abantu ngenjongo yesondo. / Ukushushumbiswa kwabantu ukuze baxhashazwe ngokocansi, njengohlobo lokushushumbisa oluqoshwe phansi ngokudlula zonke ezinye izinhlobo emhlabeni wonke kanye naseNingizimu Afrika, yikona okugxilwe kukho kakhulu kulolu cwaningo njengoba kuyikona okungadala izingqinamba ezinkulu emizamweni yokubhekana nakho kube futhi kuyilona hlobo lobugebengu olungajeziswa kangako. Okunguwona mgomo walolu cwaningo yimizamo yomcwaningi egqugquzelwa ngukufuna kwakhe ukwazi ukuze aqonde lokho okubonwe ngababandakanyekayo abahlukahlukene abebebhekene ngqo nokuphenywa kodaba lokushushumbiswa kwabantu ukuze baxhashazwe ngokocansi. Kusetshenziswe indlela yokwenza ephathelene nokuqoqwa kwemininingwane engamaqiniso nokusetshenziswa kohlobo locwaningo olwahlukile kulolo olubheka ukwenzeka kwezinto ngokwemvelo maqondana nokuhleleka kwezinto ngokwesikhathi esilandela esezinto zesimanjemanje, nangendlela elandela umumo othize, njengegqugquzela ubukhona bokuqonda okuhlaba umxhwele ngokungajwayelekile. Kube khona izingxoxo eziningi ezihleliwe nezingahlelwanga ezenzeke esikhathini esiyiminyaka emihlanu yocwaningo, kwavakashelwa izizinda eziningi ezindaweni okuhwetshelwana kuzo ngocansi eziseNingizimu Afrika, kwaphinde kwaba nezingxoxo ezingama-91 ezijulile ngokuphonsa imibuzo engahleliwe ngokusemthethweni kubabambiqhaza abavela ezindaweni eziyi-15 ezilungele lolu cwaningo. Kuhlonzwe izingqikithi ezinhlanu eziqhamuke kulokho okubonwe ngababambiqhaza ngokuhlobana kwabo nophenyo lokushushumbiswa kwabantu ukuze baxhashazwe ngokocansi. Yilezi, Ingqikithi 1: Ukuhweba Ngocansi, Ukushushumbiswa Kwabantu Nobugebengu Obuhleliwe; Ingqikithi 2: Ukulwisana Nokushushumbiswa Kwabantu Ukuze Baxhashazwe Ngokocansi; Ingqikithi 3: Izisulu Zokushushumbiswa Ukuze Zixhashazwe Ngokocansi; Ingqikithi 4: Inkohlakalo Nokwenza Okungahambisani Nawe; neNgqikithi 5: Indikimba Kwezenhlalo Nobubanzi Benkinga. Kube sekwethulwa ngokucebile nangokujulile okubonwe ngababambiqhaza ngokwencazelo ehambisana nohlobo lwesifundo. Ulwazi olutholakele lubandakanya ukuvela kwalokho okuyinkinga okushiwo yilabo abalwela ubukhona bohwebo lwezocansi eNingizimu Afrika, ukuqondwa kwalokho okungekho lula ukukuqonda okuphathelene vii nokushushumbiswa kwabantu ukuze baxhashazwe ngokocansi kanye nezingqinamba ezishiyana ngokwezigaba ezihambisana nophenyo lwalobu bugebengu. Ekujuleni kocwaningo kube khona ukuhlaziya okubanzi ngokuhlakaza izinhlelo zezinzululwazi okungekho lula ukuziqonda nokusetshenziswa kwazo kulokho okusemqoka okubonwe ngababambiqhaza. Kuhlongozwe ukuba kusetshenziswe isu elisheshayo, elishubile nelizosebenza ngempumelelo elihlukene izigaba eziningi ezibheka konke elizolwisana nokushushumbiswa kwabantu ukuze baxhashazwe ngokocansi. Ukudingida kabanzi ngendlela 'ephelele' nengancike ndawo okumele ilandelwe uma kuphenywa nezobheka kokubili ukungabi lula kobugebengu okubhekenwe nabo kanye nokubonwa imihla ngemihla ngababambiqhaza abasiza ngokuthile ophenyweni olubheka okuningi okwahlukahlukene maqondana nokushushumbiswa kwabantu ukuze baxhashazwe ngokocansi. / Criminology and Security Science
22

Aspectos comparativos da cooperação internacional no tráfico de pessoas para exploração sexual : União Europeia e Mercosul

Lucht, Daniela Pereira January 2013 (has links)
Este estudo teve como objetivo abordar aspectos comparativos de cooperação internacional focando o tráfico internacional de pessoas para fins de exploração sexual. Inicíase a abordagem refletindo sobre a dignidade da pessoa humana e as questões socioculturais que permitem que a exploração sexual continue a existir e necessite uma investigação e persecução diferenciada de outras modalidades criminosas. A cooperação internacional, entre órgãos governamentais e não governamentais, é discutida em razão da transnacionalidade do crime de tráfico internacional de pessoas e atuação de organizações criminosas. O estudo comparativo de legislações e melhores práticas implementadas pelos Estados é realizado principalmente em relação aos países membros da União Europeia e do MERCOSUL e busca apontar pontos positivos e deficiências a fim de sugerir ações que devem ser implementadas ou melhoradas para que o tráfico internacional de pessoas para exploração sexual possa tornar-se cada vez mais difícil de ser realizado / This work aims to address comparative aspects of international cooperation focusing on international trafficking in persons for sexual exploitation. The approach initiates reflecting on the dignity of the human person and the socio-cultural issues that allow the sexual exploitation to continue to exist and to require an investigation and prosecution that differs from other criminal procedures. International cooperation, between governmental and non-governmental organizations, is discussed because of the transnational nature of the crime of international trafficking in persons and of the activities of criminal organizations. The comparative study of legislation and best practices implemented by the States addresses mainly the European Union and MERCOSUR member States and seeks to identify strengths and weaknesses in order to suggest actions that should be implemented or improved so that the international trafficking in persons for sexual exploitation may become increasingly difficult to realize.
23

Aspectos comparativos da cooperação internacional no tráfico de pessoas para exploração sexual : União Europeia e Mercosul

Lucht, Daniela Pereira January 2013 (has links)
Este estudo teve como objetivo abordar aspectos comparativos de cooperação internacional focando o tráfico internacional de pessoas para fins de exploração sexual. Inicíase a abordagem refletindo sobre a dignidade da pessoa humana e as questões socioculturais que permitem que a exploração sexual continue a existir e necessite uma investigação e persecução diferenciada de outras modalidades criminosas. A cooperação internacional, entre órgãos governamentais e não governamentais, é discutida em razão da transnacionalidade do crime de tráfico internacional de pessoas e atuação de organizações criminosas. O estudo comparativo de legislações e melhores práticas implementadas pelos Estados é realizado principalmente em relação aos países membros da União Europeia e do MERCOSUL e busca apontar pontos positivos e deficiências a fim de sugerir ações que devem ser implementadas ou melhoradas para que o tráfico internacional de pessoas para exploração sexual possa tornar-se cada vez mais difícil de ser realizado / This work aims to address comparative aspects of international cooperation focusing on international trafficking in persons for sexual exploitation. The approach initiates reflecting on the dignity of the human person and the socio-cultural issues that allow the sexual exploitation to continue to exist and to require an investigation and prosecution that differs from other criminal procedures. International cooperation, between governmental and non-governmental organizations, is discussed because of the transnational nature of the crime of international trafficking in persons and of the activities of criminal organizations. The comparative study of legislation and best practices implemented by the States addresses mainly the European Union and MERCOSUR member States and seeks to identify strengths and weaknesses in order to suggest actions that should be implemented or improved so that the international trafficking in persons for sexual exploitation may become increasingly difficult to realize.
24

Violações de direitos humanos em contextos de tráfico internacional de mulheres para fins de exploração sexual: uma análise de relatórios do Ministério da Justiça e da Comissão executiva de enfrentamento ao tráfico de pessoas do Estado de Goiás

Costa, Katiuscia Brito Teixeira da 30 March 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2015-10-19T19:16:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Katiúscia Brito Teixeira da Costa - 2015.pdf: 554205 bytes, checksum: 8c12fa80a007cafa24c9963c998dcce0 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-10-20T11:02:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Katiúscia Brito Teixeira da Costa - 2015.pdf: 554205 bytes, checksum: 8c12fa80a007cafa24c9963c998dcce0 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-20T11:02:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Katiúscia Brito Teixeira da Costa - 2015.pdf: 554205 bytes, checksum: 8c12fa80a007cafa24c9963c998dcce0 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This present work depicts the results of an investigation in search for a better understanding of how gender relations apply to the interfaces of human trafficking, international migration and labor. The emphasis comprised females who departed from the state of Goiás and were exploited afterwards, especially in the sex industry abroad. In recent decades, the international debate on human trafficking intensified and led to the formulation, harmonization and implementation of legal regulations amidst political clashes which claims human trafficking as a crucial issue for governments and related entities for human rights. In the meantime, the expansion of the engagement in the fight against trafficking and its varied expressions of rights violations also enabled the explanation of critical reflections, as well as unveiled impasses in terms of definition, knowledge production and the ability to fight it. The resulting out of the association with human trafficking and undocumented migration types often induces a connection with crime and lawlessness, and also perceives trafficking as a threat to national security. Although trafficking in women is not related unequivocally to the sex industry this relationship is favored by the lack of worker protection in this activity. The research design of this work aimed to analyze reports from both Ministry of Justice and CEETOGO released in 2013 and 2014 as a methodological challenge. These documents uncovered difficulties in terms of information gathering and data processing, moreover the need to expand assistance and reintegration networks to cope with these women. Thus, the elements shown in the reports, mainly the regional ones have got the capacity to subside specific public policies. Through documentary survey it was possible to identify and analyze reports of multiple rights violations suffered by trafficked women, before and during and after the experience of trafficking. As a result, the investigation dares to question and discuss actions of the Brazilian government along with the state government on the issue. / A presente dissertação apresenta resultados de uma investigação que foi impulsionada pela curiosidade em melhor compreender e explicar as relações de gênero que permeiam as interfaces entre tráfico de pessoas, migrações internacionais e o mundo do trabalho. A ênfase dada foi em mulheres que partiram do estado de Goiás e foram exploradas, sobretudo na indústria do sexo, no exterior. Intensificado nas últimas décadas, o debate internacional sobre tráfico de pessoas culminou na formulação, harmonização e implementação de normativas legais em meio ao cenário de embates políticos que o elege como problema crucial por governos e entidades relacionadas aos direitos humanos. Em meio à ampliação do engajamento na luta contra essa modalidade de tráfico e suas variadas expressões de violações de direitos, também expandiram as reflexões críticas, sendo que estas inferem impasses em termos de delimitação, definição, produção de conhecimento e capacidade enfrentamento do tráfico. A decorrente associação entre tráfico de pessoas e modalidades de migração não documentada induz a uma conexão com a ilegalidade e criminalidade, reforçando o tráfico como ameaça à segurança nacional. Embora o tráfico de mulheres não se vincule de maneira unívoca à indústria do sexo essa relação é favorecida pela falta de proteção dos trabalhadores nesse setor de atividade. O desenho da pesquisa teve como desafio metodológico a realização de uma análise de relatórios do Ministério da Justiça e da Comissão Executiva de Enfrentamento ao Tráfico de Pessoas do Estado de Goiás que foram publicados nos anos de 2013 e 2014. Os relatórios analisados revelaram a dificuldade que ainda permeia a coleta e a coesão de dados, além da necessidade de ampliação da rede de acolhimento e reinserção dessas mulheres. Assim, os elementos presentes nos relatórios, sobretudo os regionais, possuem a capacidade de subsidiar políticas públicas específicas. Por meio do levantamento documental foi possível identificar e meta-analisar relatos de múltiplas violações de direitos sofridas pelas mulheres traficadas, tanto antes, quanto durante e após a experiência do tráfico. Como desdobramento da investigação ousamos problematizar e discutir as ações necessárias do governo brasileiro, e do governo estadual, diante da problemática.
25

米国における「人身取引」問題 : 「実態」をめぐる語りの変遷 / "TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS" IN THE UNITED STATES : TRACING CHANGES IN THE NARRATIVE REALITY / ベイコク ニオケル ジンシン トリヒキ モンダイ : ジッタイ オメグル カタリ ノ ヘンセン

佐々木, 綾子, Sasaki, Ayako 23 March 2010 (has links)
博士(社会学) / 甲第568号 / 178p / Hitotsubashi University(一橋大学)
26

Justice: The Use of Food, Education, and the Law to Combat Human Trafficking in Sub-Saharan Africa

Grandchamps, Nicholas 01 May 2014 (has links)
Human trafficking is an ever-growing crime in this century. It is estimated that there are 29.8 million slaves around the world today - 16.36% of which are located in sub-Saharan Africa. The sub-Saharan region is a region in which human trafficking is combatted ineffectively due to a lack of food, lack of access to education, lack of post-education opportunities and lack of proper legislation. This thesis explores the environment in which human trafficking is taking place in sub-Saharan Africa, and proposes potential changes that will theoretically disallow human trafficking to take place in the region. The only way in which an environment conducive to trafficking in persons will ever change is through establishing partnerships amongst governments, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and other international organizations. Through the analysis of case law from the United Nations Human Trafficking Case Law Database, data from the World Bank, the United States State Department Trafficking in Persons Reports, the United Nations Global Reports on Human Trafficking, and various reports from NGOs, this thesis evaluates the approaches taken by various governments in sub-Saharan Africa to change the environment in which human trafficking thrives. Through raising awareness of the environment of sub-Saharan Africa, and by describing three ways in which human trafficking can be combatted effectively, such as the use of food, education, and the law, this thesis contributes not only to the legal discipline, but also to helping combat trafficking in persons effectively throughout the world.
27

Modern Slavery in Southeast Asia : Rehabilitation and Reintegration of Burmese Victims of Trafficking in Persons, Yangon, Myanmar

Lavmo, Ellinor January 2020 (has links)
Purpose: The overarching purpose of this research paper is to broaden the understanding of the rehabilitation and reintegration of trafficking victims by illustrating and explaining common rehabilitation and reintegration processes of Burmese trafficking victims, girls and women, in Yangon, Myanmar. As part of that overarching purpose, this paper also aims to analyse how and if the victims’ human rights are being properly upheld. The paper highlights the problem of the state’s actions of upholding human security and the right to possess protection against modern slavery, with specific focus on trafficked girls or women as right holders and the state (in this case Myanmar) together with non-state responsibility-holders as duty bearers. Method: The paper is based on data derived from a field study, with the empirical material gathered through walk-along at a trafficking shelter and semi-structured interviews with several NGOs, IGOs and other actors and in Yangon, Myanmar. Analysis: In Myanmar there is a lack of shelter space and not enough focus on the long-lasting impact of trauma in a trafficked person's life. A majority of trafficking victims that escape from trafficking situations are placed in shelters operated by the Department of Social Welfare (DSW-shelters) for a few days before being repatriated to their families and/or home community. This method, i.e., the repatriation of victims to their respective home community, is cost efficient, but not always in the best interest of the victims as it increases the risk of re-trafficking. Some victims are offered help from reintegration programs where vocational training is a common component, but little other effort is made to rehabilitate the victim from their psychological trauma. Many victims that seek restorative justice within the court system do not enjoy a fair trial, as procedures are unclear, and corruption is common amongst both judges and prosecutors. The lack of restorative justice is another factor that hinders the victims rehabilitating from their trauma as it decreases the chance to fully reintegrating the victims into society on a long-term basis. Finally, the enforcement of anti-trafficking laws is weakened by the fact that the Myanmar Anti-Trafficking Police Force is understaffed, undereducated and overworked.
28

A critical analysis of human trafficking for sexual exploitation

Horne, Juanida Suzette 04 1900 (has links)
This study was conducted with the aim to critically analyse how the crime of human trafficking for sexual exploitation can be identified in order to develop practical guidelines to be used during the identification of this crime in South Africa. In this study the researcher conducted a review of pertinent literature, both international and national, to gain an understanding of the problem being researched. The explanatory sequential mixed-method design was used with the main purpose to use the qualitative data to help explain in more detail the initial quantitative results obtained. The explanatory sequential mixed-methods design assisted the researcher to follow a procedure whereby the mixed-mode survey design was applied to collect data through questionnaires. These questionnaires were in the form of mailed, self-administered surveys and in-person interviews with human trafficking provincial coordinators, police officials and investigators of human trafficking within the nine provinces country wide during the first quantitative phase of this study. The data were analysed and followed up during the second qualitative phase with interview schedules that were used in semi-structured one-on-one interviews with the following persons: police investigators working at the SAPS organised crime units who dealt with and investigated cases of human trafficking where victims were trafficked for sexual exploitation; state prosecutors working at the National Prosecuting Authority who dealt with, identified and prosecuted human trafficking cases where victims were trafficked for sexual exploitation in South Africa; NGOs who work in the field of counter-trafficking and victim assistance; and an international police investigator who dealt with, identified and investigated human trafficking cases where victims were trafficked for sexual exploitation. The researcher is of the opinion that this study (analysing how the crime of human trafficking for sexual exploitation can be identified in order to develop practical guidelines to be used during the identification of this crime in South Africa) presents a significant contribution to the identification of human trafficking for sexual exploitation incidents in South Africa and subsequently presents practical guidelines that can be used during the identification of this phenomenon in South Africa. SUMMARY “Modern slavery – be it bonded labour, involuntary servitude, or sexual slavery – is a crime and cannot be tolerated in any culture, community, or country... [It] is an affront to our values and our commitment to human rights.” (US Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, US Department of State, Trafficking in Persons Report, 2010) This study was conducted with the aim to critically analyse how the crime of human trafficking for sexual exploitation can be identified in order to develop practical guidelines to be used during the identification of this crime in South Africa. In this study the researcher conducted a review of pertinent literature, both international and national, to gain an understanding of the problem being researched. Relevant international legislation which informs South African legislation was accordingly considered in order to explain the current legal framework that forms the foundation to address this problem. A survey was conducted to gain insight into the phenomenon of human trafficking in South Africa. Thereafter interviews were conducted in order to understand the meaning provided by individuals to the problem researched. The researcher also explored how the federal police in Australia address the specific problem relating to the identification and investigation of human trafficking, as they have appointed a leading human trafficking task team focusing on this phenomenon in specific. Links and associations were identified through the knowledge and facts gained in this study, exploring past events and theories developed from former research relating to this topic. This formed the foundation of the study in order to describe and explain future application of findings emanating from this research. The explanatory sequential mixed-method design was used with the main purpose to use the qualitative data to help explain in more detail the initial quantitative results obtained. The explanatory sequential mixed-methods design assisted the researcher to follow a procedure whereby the mixed-mode survey design was applied to collect data through questionnaires. These questionnaires were in the form of mailed, self-administered surveys and in-person interviews with human trafficking provincial coordinators, police officials and investigators of human trafficking within the nine provinces country wide during the first quantitative phase of this study. The data were analysed and followed up during the second qualitative phase with interview schedules that were used in semi-structured one-on-one interviews with the following persons: police investigators working at the SAPS organised crime units who dealt with and investigated cases of human trafficking where victims were trafficked for sexual exploitation; state prosecutors working at the National Prosecuting Authority who dealt with, identified and prosecuted human trafficking cases where victims were trafficked for sexual exploitation in South Africa; NGOs who work in the field of counter-trafficking and victim assistance; and an international police investigator who dealt with, identified and investigated human trafficking cases where victims were trafficked for sexual exploitation. Through a critical analysis of the identification process of the phenomenon of human trafficking for sexual exploitation, the purpose of this research was to gain a better understanding of this phenomenon and establish, develop and provide practical guidelines, procedures and recommendations to the South African Police Service to identify these cases more successfully. The specific research objectives and research questions answered in this study to address the research aim were divided into five categories:  Explore and describe the phenomenon of human trafficking.  Determine the nature and extent of the legal arena to criminalise human trafficking, to prevent human trafficking, and to protect trafficking victims upon which South African legislation is based.  Explain how the identification of the phenomenon of human trafficking fits into the policing process.  Explore the current situation regarding the procedures followed to identify the phenomenon of human trafficking for sexual exploitation.  Develop practical guidelines, procedures and recommendations for police officials to identify human trafficking for sexual exploitation incidents more successfully. The trafficking of women and children for commercial sexual purposes lies in the expansion and ever growing sexual entertainment industry, which is most importantly a demand-driven phenomenon. The exploitation of victims for profit through the use of force, fraud or coercion remains the common denominator of this crime and the trade of human beings continues to evolve into new and more multifaceted forms of exploitation, using debt contracts and other means to coerce people for the purpose of profit gain. Women and children are perceived as the most exploitable and controllable and therefore are deemed to be the most in demand to contribute to this expanding and very competitive economic market driven by maximum profit. It is imperative and fundamental to have an understanding of the trafficking of persons as a crime committed against an individual and therefore it is of the utmost importance that police personnel serving in the South African Police Service (one of the key role players within the Criminal Justice System), are conversant with the means of trafficking, what it constitutes and what attributes and features this phenomenon includes. Through the development of practical guidelines, procedures and recommendations for police officials to identify human trafficking for sexual exploitation incidents more successfully, data obtained from both literature and interviews contributed immensely in the identification of incidents of human trafficking in order to prevent and address this crime successfully. The researcher is of the opinion that this study (analysing how the crime of human trafficking for sexual exploitation can be identified in order to develop practical guidelines to be used during the identification of this crime in South Africa) presents a significant contribution to the identification of human trafficking for sexual exploitation incidents in South Africa and subsequently presents practical guidelines that can be used during the identification of this phenomenon in South Africa. / Police Practice / D. Litt. et Phil. (Police Science)
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Enfrentamento ao tráfico de pessoas no Brasil: desafios e perspectivas / Combat trafficking in persons in Brazil: challenges and perspectives

Pinto, Analia Belisa Ribeiro 11 November 2015 (has links)
Este trabalho visa apresentar uma breve contextualização dos desafios e perspectivas do Estado brasileiro na construção de políticas públicas de enfrentamento ao tráfico de pessoas. Trata-se de um caleidoscópio matizado por vivências práticas e teóricas delineadas por cenários onde atua o Estado neoliberal, que replica a lógica do capitalismo, transformando o ser humano em mercadoria de consumo. Porém, à margem das instituições, surgem movimentos que resignificam o presente por meio da produção de, no dizer de Boaventura de Sousa Santos (2000), subjetividades rebeldes que se deslocam através de uma ecologia de saberes reificando um ideal de presente e de futuro, uma vez que traz à evidência da dimensão emancipatória da modernidade diante do projeto de um novo contrato social, mais inclusivo e igualitário.A hipótese norteadora deste trabalho constitui-se pela afirmação de que a Política e o II Plano Nacional de Enfrentamento ao Tráfico de Pessoas não estão sendo capazes de produzir e articular políticas públicas anti-tráfico humano que estejam focadas na proteção integral dos violados. / The present work highlights the challenges and prospects for Brazilian state to cope human trafficking through public policies. The paper is a nuanced kaleidoscope for practical and theoretical experiences outlined in a neoliberal state scenario that replicates the logic of capitalism that turns humans into consumer goods. However, away from governmental institutions, emerge movements reframing this situation. We realise the production of \"rebels subjectivities\" - quoting the term coined by the theoretical Boaventura de Sousa Santos - moving through an ecology of knowledge\" reifying an ideal present and future for this social phenomenon. It brings to evidence the emancipatory dimension of modernity towards a project of a new social contract, more inclusive and egalitarian for all human beings. The guideline hypothesis of this work is that the Brazilian Public Policy and the II National Plan to Combat Trafficking in Persons are not being able to produce and coordinate public policies focused on full protection of victims.
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Frontières en mouvement et échanges économico-sexuels : dynamiques migratoires des Brésiliennes au Suriname, en passant par le Guyana et la Guyane française / Moving frontiers and economic-sexual exchanges : mobility dynamics of Brazilian women in Suriname, transits in Guyana and French Guiana / Fronteiras em movimento e intercâmbios econômico-sexuais : dinâmica de mobilidade de brasileiras no Suriname, trânsitos na Guiana e na Guiana Francesa

Araujo, Osvaldina dos Santos 15 September 2017 (has links)
Dans ce travail, nous aborderons la manière dont les diverses logiques et stratégies d’entrée, de circulation et de flux frontaliers dans la région des Guyanes sont structurées. L’objectif est donc de comprendre la dynamique de circulation migratoire des Brésilien-ne-s au Suriname, mais aussi la place du Guyana et de la Guyane Française dans cette mobilité. Il s’agit alors d’analyser les logiques, les trajectoires et les dynamiques de mobilité des Brésiliennes travaillant dans la prostitution. La dynamique de mobilité liée à la prostitution est ici analysée à partir de l’expérience des personnes circulant dans l’univers du marché du sexe. Cette recherche est avant tout qualitative en ce qu’elle repose sur des entretiens semi-directifs réalisés avec 74 personnes (44 femmes, 27 hommes et 3 travestis/transsexuels) et s’appuie sur une approche ethnographique multi-située dans différents moments et lieux du Guyana, du Suriname, de la Guyane Française et de Hollande. Plus précisément, cette étude montre que les femmes passent par de multiples modalités d’échange : sexuels, affectifs, matériels, économiques et symboliques. Pour les Brésiliennes qui migrent au Guyana ou au Suriname pour travailler dans les clubs de prostitution, leur sortie de ces derniers constitue soit une transition entre la menina de club et la ploc, soit une relation avec un fixe ou un mari – ce sont là des catégories de référence pour comprendre le marché du sexe au Suriname et la dynamique migratoire de ces femmes dans la région des Guyanes. Or, chacune de ces catégories gravite autour du fait d’être femme et étrangère, d’être prostituée ou de passer par la prostitution, ou encore d’occuper d’autres rôles pour tenter de se détacher des étiquettes et des stigmates. / This work deals with the way in which the various logics and strategies of entry, circulation and border flow in the Guianas region are structured and aims to understand the dynamics of the migration of Brazilians in Suriname and the relation between this mobility and Guyana and French Guiana, to analyse the logics, circuits and mobility schemes of Brazilians in prostitution. The system of mobility linked to prostitution was analysed from the experience of people who lived the universe of the sex market or who were inserted in the circuit of this circulatory space. The study is mainly qualitative, based on semi-structured interviews with 74 people (44 women, 27 men and three transvestites/transsexuals) in a multi-sited ethnographic approach at various times and places in Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana and Holland. The study demonstrates that women transit between various modalities of exchange: sexual, affective, material, economic and symbolic; and that their mobility is frequent both in terms of spatial and labour movement. For the Brazilians who migrate to Guyana and Suriname to work in a prostitution club, the exit of the club means the transition between menina de club and ploc, or a relationship with a fixed or a husband, these are reference categories to understand the sex market in Suriname and their migratory dynamic in the Guianas region. Each of these categories revolves around the fact of being female and foreign, being a prostitute or going through the prostitution, or taking on other roles to try to distance themselves from labels and stigmata. / Este trabalho aborda a forma como são estruturadas as diversas lógicas e estratégias de entrada, de circulação e de fluxo fronteiriço na região das Guianas, e tem como objetivo compreender a dinâmica da circulação migratória de brasileiras/os no Suriname e a relação dessa mobilidade com a Guiana e a Guiana Francesa, analisar as lógicas, os circuitos e as dinâmicas de mobilidade de brasileiras na prostituição. A dinâmica de mobilidade ligada à prostituição foi analisada a partir da experiência das pessoas que vivenciaram o universo do mercado do sexo ou que estiveram inseridas no circuito desse espaço circulatório. O estudo é, sobretudo, qualitativo, realizado a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 74 pessoas (44 mulheres, 27 homens e três travestis/transexuais), em uma abordagem etnográfica multissituada em diferentes momentos e lugares na Guiana, no Suriname, na Guiana Francesa e na Holanda. O estudo demonstra que as mulheres transitam entre várias modalidades de intercâmbio: sexuais, afetivos, materiais, econômicos e simbólicos; e que sua mobilidade é frequente tanto no que se refere à circulação espacial como à laboral. Para as brasileiras que migram para Guiana e o Suriname para atuar em clube de prostituição, a saída deste significa a transição entre menina de club e ploc, ou ter um fixo ou marido, categorias referenciais para compreender o mercado do sexo no Suriname e a dinâmica migratória delas na região das Guianas, uma vez que tais categorias giram em torno de ser mulher e estrangeira, de estar ou ser prostituta, de assumir outros papéis para tentar se distanciar de rótulos e estigmas.

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