<p>У дисертацији је приказана рецепција велике француске књижевности у српским књижевним новинама и часописима до почетка Другог светског рата, у Летопису Матице српске, Српском књижевном гласнику, Мисли, Страном прегледу, Бранковом колу, Босанској вили, Зори, Звезди, Зениту, Данасу и др.<br />Рад се бави културно - књижевним везама између Србије и Француске преко српске књижевне периодике, па је примењен компаративни и књижевно - историјски приступ.<br />Уредници часописа, као и преводиоци и критичари окупљени око часописа, дали су вредан допринос осветљавању појединих француских писаца и њихових дела, као и књижевних праваца у француској књижевности. То су углавном били људи из културног и јавног живота Србије: Јован Јовановић Змај, Ђорђе Поповић Даничар, Богдан Поповић, Јован Скерлић, Миодраг Ибровац, Светислав Петровић. Они су упућивали на поједине француске писце или дела из француске књижевности процењујући потребу и могућности наше средине да та дела прихвати и могућности тих дела да позитивно утичу на нашу књижевност или чак на развој наше друштвене средине. Рад разматра како је наша читалачка публика<br />5<br />прихватала француску књижевност и како је француска књижевност утицала на формирање укуса читалаца.<br />Дошло се до закључка да су у овом периоду у нашим новинама и часописима најзаступљенији били француски писци XIX века: Виктор Иго, Ги де Мопасан и Алфонс Доде. Најмања пажња је посвећивана француској књижевности средњег века и ренесансе.<br />Очигледно је да су се многа значајна француска књижевна дела у Србији појављивала најпре у часописима. Заступљеност француске књижевности зависила је од периода излажења часописа, од програма самих часописа, као и од уредника часописа.<br />Досадашња истраживања на ову тему фокусирала су се углавном на поједине часописе, а овај рад доводи до првих систематизација у овом домену, тј. приказује присуство француске књижевности у великом броју српских новина и часописа. Резултати истраживања дају јасну слику заступљености француске књижевности у нашој књижевној периодици од XIX века до почетка Другог светског рата.<br />Кључне речи: Француска књижевност, српске књижевне новине и часописи, француски писци, преводиоци, читалачка публика, рецепција, интеркултуралност</p> / <p>U disertaciji je prikazana recepcija velike francuske književnosti u srpskim književnim novinama i časopisima do početka Drugog svetskog rata, u Letopisu Matice srpske, Srpskom književnom glasniku, Misli, Stranom pregledu, Brankovom kolu, Bosanskoj vili, Zori, Zvezdi, Zenitu, Danasu i dr.<br />Rad se bavi kulturno - književnim vezama između Srbije i Francuske preko srpske književne periodike, pa je primenjen komparativni i književno - istorijski pristup.<br />Urednici časopisa, kao i prevodioci i kritičari okupljeni oko časopisa, dali su vredan doprinos osvetljavanju pojedinih francuskih pisaca i njihovih dela, kao i književnih pravaca u francuskoj književnosti. To su uglavnom bili ljudi iz kulturnog i javnog života Srbije: Jovan Jovanović Zmaj, Đorđe Popović Daničar, Bogdan Popović, Jovan Skerlić, Miodrag Ibrovac, Svetislav Petrović. Oni su upućivali na pojedine francuske pisce ili dela iz francuske književnosti procenjujući potrebu i mogućnosti naše sredine da ta dela prihvati i mogućnosti tih dela da pozitivno utiču na našu književnost ili čak na razvoj naše društvene sredine. Rad razmatra kako je naša čitalačka publika<br />5<br />prihvatala francusku književnost i kako je francuska književnost uticala na formiranje ukusa čitalaca.<br />Došlo se do zaključka da su u ovom periodu u našim novinama i časopisima najzastupljeniji bili francuski pisci XIX veka: Viktor Igo, Gi de Mopasan i Alfons Dode. Najmanja pažnja je posvećivana francuskoj književnosti srednjeg veka i renesanse.<br />Očigledno je da su se mnoga značajna francuska književna dela u Srbiji pojavljivala najpre u časopisima. Zastupljenost francuske književnosti zavisila je od perioda izlaženja časopisa, od programa samih časopisa, kao i od urednika časopisa.<br />Dosadašnja istraživanja na ovu temu fokusirala su se uglavnom na pojedine časopise, a ovaj rad dovodi do prvih sistematizacija u ovom domenu, tj. prikazuje prisustvo francuske književnosti u velikom broju srpskih novina i časopisa. Rezultati istraživanja daju jasnu sliku zastupljenosti francuske književnosti u našoj književnoj periodici od XIX veka do početka Drugog svetskog rata.<br />Ključne reči: Francuska književnost, srpske književne novine i časopisi, francuski pisci, prevodioci, čitalačka publika, recepcija, interkulturalnost</p> / <p>In this PhD thesis it is shown the reception of the great French literature in Serbian literary newspapers and magazines until the beginning of the Worl War II, in the &ldquo;Letopis Matice srpske&ldquo;, &ldquo;Srpski književni glasnik&ldquo;, &ldquo;Misli&ldquo;, &ldquo;Strani pregled&ldquo;, &ldquo;Brankovo kolo&ldquo;, &ldquo;Bosanksa vila&ldquo;, &ldquo;Zora&ldquo;,&ldquo;Zvezda&ldquo;, &ldquo;Zenit&ldquo;, &ldquo;Danas&ldquo; etc.<br />The work deals with cultural-literary connections between Serbia and France across Serbian literary periodicals, so that the comparative and literary-historical approaches are applied. The editors of magazines, as well as translators and critics gathered around the magazines, contributed greatly to the illuminating of some French writers and their works, as well as the literary trends in the French literature. They were mostly people from the cultural and public life of Serbia: Jovan Jovanović Zmaj, Đorđe Popović Daničar, Bogdan Popović, Jovan Skerlić, Miodrag Ibrovac, Svetislav Petrović. They pointed to certain French writers or works from the French literature estimating the needs and possibilities of our environment to accept those works and the possibilities of those works to influence our literature positively or even the development of our social environment.<br />The work examines how our readership accepted the French literature and how the French literature influenced the forming of readers&rsquo; taste.<br />It was concluded that in our newspapers and magazines of that period the most common were the French writers of the nineteenth century: Victor Hugo, Guy de Maupassant and Alphonse Daudet. The least attention was paid to the French literature of the Middle Ages and Renaissance. It is obvious that numerous significant French literary works in Serbia appeared in magazines first. Presence of the French literature depended on the periods of issuing magazines, on the programmes of the magazines themselves, as well as on the editors of magazines.</p><p>All previous researches on this topic focused mostly on certain magazines, and this work brings to the first sistematizations in this domain, i.e. it shows the presence of the French literature in a great number of Serbian newspapers and magazines.The results of the research should give a clear picture of the presence of the French literature in our literary peiodicals from 19th century to the beginning of the Second World War.<br />Key words: French literature, Serbian literary newspapers and magazines, French writers, translators, readership, reception, interculturalism.</p>

La traduction du russe en français, en anglais et en espagnol évolue-t-elle avec le temps ? Evolue-t-elle de la même manière dans les trois langues ? En d'autres termes, les traducteurs obéissent-ils aux mêmes impératifs ? Comparer les versions du début, du milieu et de la fin du XXe siècle de neuf extraits de "La dame au petit chien" d'Anton Tchékhov en français, en anglais et en espagnol permet d'apprécier les décalages dans le temps et entre les trois langues. Mais encore faut-il connaître le cheminement des traducteurs depuis Cicéron et St Jérôme, les différentes théories de la traduction émises au cours des siècles, les différentes solutions apportées au passage d'une langue à l'autre, enfin aux images et aux métaphores élaborées par les théoriciens pour définir l'acte de traduire. / Is the translation from Russian, English and Spanish developing over time ? It is developing the same way in French, English and Spanish ? In other words, do the French, the English and the Spanish translators obey the same rules ? The comparison of the translations of the beginning, the middle and the end of the XXth century of nine excerpts from "The lady and the little dog" by Anton Cexov is a way to spot the differences between the translations in the three languages. On the other hand, it is also necessary to know about the slow progress of translation since the time of Cicero and St Jerome, the various theories expressed through the centuries, the various solutions proposed for the passage from one language to another, the figures of speech presented by the theorists to define the act of tanslating. Also an insight into Cexov's life and work helps the comparison, sentence by sentence, world by world and allow to assess the progress of translation and to define the art of translating.

Esta tese apresenta um panorama detalhado da história de adaptações de Dom Quixote no Brasil (1886-2013), ressaltando as dez adaptações mais publicadas nesses 127 anos: Carlos Jansen (1886); Monteiro Lobato (1936); Orígenes Lessa (1970); José Angeli (1985); Ferreira Gullar (2002); Walcyr Carrasco (2002); Leonardo Chianca (2005); Rosana Rios (2005), Ana Maria Machado (2005) e Fábio Bortolazzo Pinto (2008), abrangendo questões historiográficas e seus agentes, incluindo as biografias de adaptadores, alguns deles entrevistados. O objetivo deste estudo multidisciplinar é iniciar um exame da relação controversa entre retraduções de clássicos da literatura infantojuvenil. Faremos referência aos Estudos de Tradução, especialmente a críticos da área de Retradução (Antoine Berman, Yves Gambier, Anthony Pym, Koskinen e Paloposki entre outros), aos estudos da escola de manipulação (Lefevere) e aos Estudos de Adaptação (Milton, Hutcheon e Sanders). A análise também leva em conta as peculiaridades da tradução de literatura infantil (OSullivan, Lathey, Soriano), e estudos sobre o Quixote realizados por hispanistas como Edward Riley, Anthony Close, Erich Auerbach e Maria Augusta da Costa Vieira. Para a análise descritiva comparativa dos dez textos ficcionais, criamos uma ferramenta: Tabela Analítica Ponderada, e analisamos os elementos paratextuais segundo os estudos de Genette e Gürçalar. Essas reescrituras coexistem com outras edições, como aquelas lançadas pelas comemorações do 400o aniversário do Quixote (2005 e 2015), que deram um impulso considerável para a indústria editorial, resultando em dezenas de novas publicações sobre o famoso romance espanhol e outros livros de Cervantes, incluindo novas adaptações e reimpressões de obras em prosa, quadrinhos e cordel, e versões estrangeiras traduzidas, como pode ser visto no catálogo anexo de 325 publicações, das 74 diferentes adaptações do Quixote. / This thesis provides a detailed overview of the history of adaptations of Don Quijote in Brazil (1886-2013), focusing on the ten most published adaptations during those 127 years: Carlos Jansen (1886); Monteiro Lobato (1936); Orígenes Lessa (1970); José Angeli (1985); Ferreira Gullar (2002); Walcyr Carrasco (2002); Leonardo Chianca (2005); Rosana Rios (2005), Ana Maria Machado (2005) and Fabio Bortolazzo Pinto (2008), and covering historiographical issues and their agents, including the biographies of adapters, some of them interviewed. The aim of this multidisciplinary study is to initiate an examination of the controversial relationship between retranslations and retranslations of adults classics for children. In carrying out such an examination, reference will be made to Translation Studies, especially critics discussing Retranslation (Antoine Berman, Yves Gambier, Anthony Pym, Koskinen and Paloposki among others), the studies of the Manipulation School (Lefevere) and Adaptation Studies (Milton, Hutcheon, and Sanders). The analysis will also take into account the peculiarities of childrens literature translation (OSullivan, Lathey, and Soriano) and studies about Don Quijote, using Cervantess critics as Edward Riley, Anthony Close, Erich Auerbach and Maria Augusta da Costa Vieira. For the comparative descriptive analysis of the ten fictional texts, we create a tool: the Analytical Weighted Table, and the paratext elements\' study follows Genette and Gürçalar studies. These rewritings coexist alongside with other editions, as the celebrations of Don Quixotes 400th anniversary (2005 and 2015) gave considerable impetus to the publishing industry and resulted in dozens of new publications regarding the famous novel and other Cervantes books, including new adaptations and reprints of works in prose, comics and cordel, and translated foreign versions, as can be seen in the annexed catalogue of 325 publications of the 74 different Quixotes adaptations.

Esta tese apresenta um panorama detalhado da história de adaptações de Dom Quixote no Brasil (1886-2013), ressaltando as dez adaptações mais publicadas nesses 127 anos: Carlos Jansen (1886); Monteiro Lobato (1936); Orígenes Lessa (1970); José Angeli (1985); Ferreira Gullar (2002); Walcyr Carrasco (2002); Leonardo Chianca (2005); Rosana Rios (2005), Ana Maria Machado (2005) e Fábio Bortolazzo Pinto (2008), abrangendo questões historiográficas e seus agentes, incluindo as biografias de adaptadores, alguns deles entrevistados. O objetivo deste estudo multidisciplinar é iniciar um exame da relação controversa entre retraduções de clássicos da literatura infantojuvenil. Faremos referência aos Estudos de Tradução, especialmente a críticos da área de Retradução (Antoine Berman, Yves Gambier, Anthony Pym, Koskinen e Paloposki entre outros), aos estudos da escola de manipulação (Lefevere) e aos Estudos de Adaptação (Milton, Hutcheon e Sanders). A análise também leva em conta as peculiaridades da tradução de literatura infantil (OSullivan, Lathey, Soriano), e estudos sobre o Quixote realizados por hispanistas como Edward Riley, Anthony Close, Erich Auerbach e Maria Augusta da Costa Vieira. Para a análise descritiva comparativa dos dez textos ficcionais, criamos uma ferramenta: Tabela Analítica Ponderada, e analisamos os elementos paratextuais segundo os estudos de Genette e Gürçalar. Essas reescrituras coexistem com outras edições, como aquelas lançadas pelas comemorações do 400o aniversário do Quixote (2005 e 2015), que deram um impulso considerável para a indústria editorial, resultando em dezenas de novas publicações sobre o famoso romance espanhol e outros livros de Cervantes, incluindo novas adaptações e reimpressões de obras em prosa, quadrinhos e cordel, e versões estrangeiras traduzidas, como pode ser visto no catálogo anexo de 325 publicações, das 74 diferentes adaptações do Quixote. / This thesis provides a detailed overview of the history of adaptations of Don Quijote in Brazil (1886-2013), focusing on the ten most published adaptations during those 127 years: Carlos Jansen (1886); Monteiro Lobato (1936); Orígenes Lessa (1970); José Angeli (1985); Ferreira Gullar (2002); Walcyr Carrasco (2002); Leonardo Chianca (2005); Rosana Rios (2005), Ana Maria Machado (2005) and Fabio Bortolazzo Pinto (2008), and covering historiographical issues and their agents, including the biographies of adapters, some of them interviewed. The aim of this multidisciplinary study is to initiate an examination of the controversial relationship between retranslations and retranslations of adults classics for children. In carrying out such an examination, reference will be made to Translation Studies, especially critics discussing Retranslation (Antoine Berman, Yves Gambier, Anthony Pym, Koskinen and Paloposki among others), the studies of the Manipulation School (Lefevere) and Adaptation Studies (Milton, Hutcheon, and Sanders). The analysis will also take into account the peculiarities of childrens literature translation (OSullivan, Lathey, and Soriano) and studies about Don Quijote, using Cervantess critics as Edward Riley, Anthony Close, Erich Auerbach and Maria Augusta da Costa Vieira. For the comparative descriptive analysis of the ten fictional texts, we create a tool: the Analytical Weighted Table, and the paratext elements\' study follows Genette and Gürçalar studies. These rewritings coexist alongside with other editions, as the celebrations of Don Quixotes 400th anniversary (2005 and 2015) gave considerable impetus to the publishing industry and resulted in dozens of new publications regarding the famous novel and other Cervantes books, including new adaptations and reprints of works in prose, comics and cordel, and translated foreign versions, as can be seen in the annexed catalogue of 325 publications of the 74 different Quixotes adaptations.

In South Africa there is no legislation defining the role of court interpreters. This has resulted in legal officials (magistrates and judges) forming their own opinions as to what the role of court interpreters is. As such court interpreters find themselves performing tasks that are outside their scope of duties, for example acting as magistrates, in turn compromising their own tasks in the process. The aim of this study therefore is to determine the degree to which the lack of a definition of the role of court interpreters affects the quality of court interpreting. In the study, the researcher was guided by the Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS) approach. The research procedures that were followed in the study combined the top-down and bottom-up approaches. In the top-down approach, two legislations, namely, “The Magistrates’ Court Act 44 of 1944 (as amended)” and “The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Act 93 of 1996 (as amended)”, were examined in order to determine whether the role of court interpreters is defined and, if so, to what extent. In the bottom-up approach, examples of court proceedings were studied in order to determine specific roles that are played by court interpreters during trials. Extracts from transcripts of mechanically-recorded court proceedings were also analysed to establish whether magistrates made any references to the role of court interpreters in these trials. It is hoped that this study will shed more light on the role of court interpreters which could lead to better quality interpreting. / Linguistics and Modern Languages / M.A. (Linguistics (Translation studies))

The diploma thesis entitled the Interpreting Act focuses on the legislation on court translation and interpreting in the Czech Republic. The paper aims to compare the new statutes under the Court Translators and Interpreters Act (No 354/2019 Coll.) with the current Experts and Interpreters Act (No 36/1967 Coll.). The first part of the thesis acquaints readers with the profession of court interpreters and translators. It renders the description of both professions by defining basic terms of the areas of translating and interpreting, explaining the types of translation and interpreting, and providing a list of professional organisations for court translators and interpreters in the Czech Republic. The second part of the paper deals with international and Czech legislation regarding the right for interpreting and translation, briefly outlining the progress of the legislation on court interpreting and translation and giving reasons for the adoption of the rules on the activity of court translators and interpreters. The third, key part of the paper presents the analysis of some parts of the Act No 354/2019 Coll. and their comparison to the Act No 36/1967 Coll. The areas of focus are: the subject of the legislation and definition of basic terms, work conditions and requirements that must be met to become...

La traducción del castellano al quechua es una actividad que después de aproximadamente dos siglos ha ganado una vez más importancia en el Perú. En gran parte se debe a la promulgación de la Ley de Lenguas Indígenas del Perú, que establece que todo documento oficial debe estar traducido a la lengua del territorio donde se emita. Ante esto, el Estado decidió impartir programas de capacitación para traductores e intérpretes de lenguas originarias, entre ellas el quechua. Los traductores de quechua cumplen un rol importante en la sociedad y su labor es compleja por razones lingüísticas y culturales inherentes a esta lengua originaria. Sin embargo, existen muy pocos estudios que han investigado su proceso de traducción. En este contexto, el presente estudio cualitativo se ha enfocado en analizar las estrategias traslativas comunes y distintas de traductores castellano-quechua mediante estrategias establecidas por la traductología que sirven como instrumento de análisis para clasificarlas. Para ello, se realizaron entrevistas a siete traductores que residen en Lima. Los resultados reflejan que las estrategias más frecuentes son préstamos, filtros culturales, paráfrasis, neologismos con nuevo sentido, cambios en la estructura de la frase y naturalizaciones. Asimismo, se hallaron factores que los participantes consideraron para escoger sus estrategias: el receptor, la finalidad de la traducción, los requerimientos del cliente, la cultura y el contexto. Adicionalmente, se encontraron perspectivas comunes de los traductores al emplear dichas estrategias. / Translating from Spanish into Quechua is an activity that, after approximately two centuries, has gained importance in Peru again. This is largely due to the enactment of the Peruvian Indigenous Languages Act, which establishes that all official documents must be translated into the language of the territory where they are issued. Given this situation, the Peruvian government started to provide training programs for translators and interpreters of indigenous languages, including Quechua. Quechua translators play an important role in society and their work is complex because of linguistic and cultural aspects inherent in this indigenous language. However, there are very few studies that have researched their translation process. In this context, the present qualitative research has focused on analyzing different and common translation strategies of Spanish-Quechua translators employing strategies established by Translation Studies, which serve as a tool for analysis that helps to classify them. To this end, we conducted interviews with seven translators residing in Lima. The results reflect that the most frequent strategies are loan, cultural filtering, paraphrase, neologism with new senses, phrase structure change and naturalization. Likewise, we found that there are factors that participants considered to choose their strategies: receiver, purpose of translation, client's requirements, culture, and context. Furthermore, we discovered that translators shared common viewpoints related to those strategies. / Tesis

À la cour anglaise de la reine consort Henriette Marie (1625-1642), la traduction est utilisée comme outil politique, dont l’un des rôles est d’imposer l’héritage linguistique, culturel et catholique de la reine à l’Angleterre calviniste. La cour d’Henriette Marie devient un véritable pôle d’importation de la littérature et de la culture française et catholique en Angleterre. Pendant le règne de Charles Ier, le mécénat de la reine attire de nombreux traducteurs et traductrices en quête de faveurs royales; pour les obtenir, ces derniers produisent des versions anglaises des genres littéraires en vogue en France (comme les romans pastoraux, la littérature dévote, ou encore les pièces de théâtre). Les activités de ces traducteurs et traductrices n’ont jamais fait l’objet d’études systématiques, ce qui en fait un projet intéressant du point de vue de l’histoire de la traduction et de l’histoire littéraire. La présente étude porte sur les rôles de la traduction et des traducteurs à la cour anglaise de la reine Henriette Marie entre 1625 et 1642. La traduction y est définie comme une pratique instigatrice de liens culturels, politiques et sociaux dans le contexte de l’histoire transnationale entre l’Angleterre et la France. Pour mener à bien mon projet, je m’appuie sur des travaux se rapportant aux aspects culturels et idéologiques de la traduction dans la culture de cour des Stuart et des études récentes sur les traductions imprimées en Angleterre prémoderne. J’étudie le mécénat, la production littéraire et la circulation des textes; puis les réseaux politiques, sociaux, idéologiques et enfin les réseaux de l’imprimé liés à la production de traductions à la cour de la reine pendant le règne de son mari, Charles Ier. Pour ce faire, j’étudie la culture de cour en Angleterre et en France au début du XVIIe siècle, le rôle de la traduction dans cette culture, l’impact de la culture de l’imprimé et de l’histoire matérielle sur le choix des textes à traduire, puis la manière dont ils circulent. En explorant l’histoire culturelle et littéraire du point de vue de la matérialité et de l’agentivité, je reconstitue des réseaux politiques, culturels et idéologiques entre l’Angleterre et le continent européen. Cette thèse par articles réunit deux chapitres rédigés en français dans lesquels je précise le contexte et la démarche de la recherche, ainsi que quatre études de cas rédigées en anglais. Par l’analyse d’un corpus de traductions imprimées à l’extérieur de la Grande-Bretagne, le chapitre 3 souligne l’importance des réseaux culturels transnationaux en Angleterre prémoderne et nous aide à comprendre la production et la circulation des traductions imprimées en Europe au XVIIe siècle. Le chapitre 4 fait état des concepts de l’agentivité et du mécénat en histoire de la traduction et culmine par l’analyse du cas de Thomas Hawkins, agent traduisant, lié à la cour d’Henriette Marie notamment par les traductions qu’il dédicace à la reine. Le chapitre 5 porte sur le rôle des femmes et de la littérature catholique à la cour de la reine Henriette Marie. J’y explore la participation des femmes à la création et à la diffusion de traductions, notamment celle des femmes mécènes, ou encore celles des femmes qui dédicacent des œuvres à des personnalités connues de l’entourage de la reine. Enfin, le chapitre 6 explore les réseaux transnationaux d’échanges culturels entre l’Angleterre et le continent européen à partir d’un traité catholique rédigé par l’auteur français Jean Puget de la Serre, imprimé à Bruxelles, puis dédicacé à Henriette Marie et Charles Ier. Ensemble, ces chapitres visent à dresser un portrait représentatif du contexte culturel, politique et idéologique complexe dans lequel circulaient les traductions imprimées. En annexe, je recense le corpus inédit de traductions imprimées entre 1625 et 1642 et lié à la cour anglaise d’Henriette Marie. Le corpus est en évolution constante; il compte actuellement 78 entrées. L’approche retenue pour le projet est à la fois ascendante et descendante : j’emploie les méthodes d’analyse macro-historiques sous la forme de l’analyse des structures de pouvoir, des institutions et des mécènes, puis, afin de dresser un portrait complet du rôle des traducteurs à la cour de la reine, j’analyse les paratextes, les textes, et les correspondances des traducteurs dans les livres imprimés. La complémentarité de ces approches fait l’originalité de mon projet de recherche et vise à assurer une représentation fidèle des actions entreprises par les agents traduisants à la cour anglaise d’Henriette Marie. De plus, je contribue à la recherche en histoire de la traduction en offrant des données indispensables sur les traducteurs de la première modernité anglaise, leurs pratiques et les réseaux dans lesquels ils opéraient. / At the English Court of Queen consort Henrietta Maria (1625–1642), translation was used as a political tool, partly to impose the queen’s linguistic, cultural and Catholic heritage on Calvinist England. Her court was a veritable hub of imported literature, as well as French and Catholic culture. During the reign of her husband, Charles I, the queen’s patronage attracted male and female translators who sought her protection by publishing English versions of literary genres that were trending in France at the time (such as pastorals, dévot literature, or plays). However, the place of translation in the literary activity that made her court so remarkable has never been systematically studied. The purpose of this project is therefore to offer a comprehensive analysis of the role played by translators and translation in the literary culture of Henrietta Maria’s English Court. In this thesis, translation is defined as a practice instigating cultural, political and social ties in the transnational history linking England and France. My research draws on scholarship pertaining to the cultural and ideological aspects of translation in Stuart Court culture and builds on recent studies on the intersection between translation and print in early modern Europe. I study patterns of patronage, literary production, and text circulation; then I probe the political, social, religious, and print networks involved in the production of translations associated with the Queen’s court and extending well beyond its social or geographical boundaries. Specifically, I examine early 17th-century English and French court culture, the place of translation within this culture, and the impact of print culture and material history on the selection and circulation of translated texts. By studying the cultural and literary history from the perspective of materiality and agency, I recreate the political, cultural and ideological networks that operated between Great Britain and continental Europe. This article thesis begins with two chapters written in French in which I specify the context and chosen approach, and which are followed by four case studies written in English. Through an analysis of translations that are printed outside of Great Britain, the case study in chapter 3 highlights the significance of transnational cultural networks in early modern England and helps us understand the production and circulation of printed translations in 17th-century Europe. Chapter 4 consists of an exploration of the concepts of agency and patronage in translation history and culminates with the case of Thomas Hawkins, a translating agent with ties to the queen’s court and continental Jesuit Colleges. The fifth chapter addresses the role of women and Catholic recusant literature at the court of Henrietta Maria. In it, I investigate the participation of women in the creation and distribution of translations, notably as patrons, translators, and printers. In the final chapter, I explore transnational networks of cultural exchange between England and Europe with, as a starting point, a Catholic treatise written by French author Jean Puget de la Serre, which was printed in Brussels though dedicated to Henrietta Maria and Charles I. Together, these chapters offer a comprehensive analysis of the role played by translators and translation in the literary culture of Henrietta Maria’s English Court. The thesis is followed by the corpus of translations linked to the English Court of Queen Henrietta Maria and printed between 1625 and 1642 that I have established. The corpus continues to expand as I pursue this research, and currently comprises 78 titles. The approach I have selected for this project is both top-down and bottom-up: I use macrohistoric analysis methods to investigate power structures, institutions, and patronage; then, to establish a comprehensive overview of the roles of translators at the queen’s Court, I analyze paratexts, texts, and the correspondence of translators in printed books. The synergy between these approaches lends originality to the project and ensures an accurate representation of the actions of translating agents at the English Court of Henrietta Maria. My work contributes to research in translation history by providing some much needed insight into early modern translators, their practices, and the networks in which they were involved.

[pt] Objetiva-se nesta dissertação desenvolver um estudo historiográfico das traduções brasileiras dos sonetos shakespearianos, que começaram a ser publicadas no final do século XIX, enfocando traduções e tradutores. Levando em consideração algumas das indagações de Lieven D hulst (2010) que interessam à historiografia da tradução, buscam-se respostas para as questões Quis?, Quomodo? e Quando?, que visam, respectivamente, caracterizar a figura do tradutor e a sua inserção no sistema literário brasileiro; analisar estratégias tradutórias globais empregadas por cada profissional e depreender as noções de tradução que norteiam o seu trabalho; e identificar o contexto em que tais traduções passam a integrar o sistema literário brasileiro. Esta dissertação se ancora em abordagens e conceitos dos Estudos da Tradução e Estudos Shakespearianos; no primeiro caso, em teóricos como D hulst (2010), Pym (2014) e Pinilla (2020), e no segundo, em Spiller (1992) e Hyland (2002). Destacam-se, na bibliografia sobre os sonetos produzidos por Shakespeare, Collin (2008), Edmondson e Wells (2004) e Duncan-Jones (1997); e sobre as traduções da poesia lírica desse poeta para o português do Brasil, os estudos de Wanderley (1991), Silva Ramos (2008) e Walker (2018). No período de quase 12 décadas, 18 tradutores publicaram traduções brasileiras integrais ou parciais da série de 154 sonetos, recorrendo a diferentes esquemas formais, constituindo um repertório rico e diversificado à disposição dos leitores falantes do português. Ao analisar essas traduções e tradutores, espera-se contribuir para a historiografia da tradução no Brasil em geral e a dos sonetos de Shakespeare em particular. / [en] This thesis aims to conduct a historiographical study on Brazilian translations of Shakespeare s sonnets, which began to be published in the late 19th century, focusing on translations and translators. Considering a number of questions posed by Lieven D hulst (2010) that interest the historiography of translation, we seek answers for Quis?, Quomodo?, and Quando? that aim, respectively, to characterize the figure of the translator and his/her insertion into the Brazilian literary system; to analyze the global strategies of translation applied by each professional as well as to apprehend the notions of translation which guided his/her work; and to identify the context in which these translations become part of the Brazilian literary system. This research is informed by approaches and concepts of Translation Studies and Shakespearean Studies; in the first case, by theorists such as D hulst (2010), Pym (2014) and Pinilla (2020); in the second, by Spiller (1992) and Hyland (2002). Regarding Shakespeare s sonnets, Collin (2008), Edmondson and Wells (2004) and Duncan-Jones (1997) stand out; and as to Shakespeare s lyric poetry in Brazilian Portuguese translations, the critical works of Wanderley (1991), Silva Ramos (2008) and Walker (2018) were fundamental. In the period of nearly 12 decades, 18 translators published full or partial Brazilian translations of the 154-sonnet series, using different formal schemes, thus constituting a rich and diversified repertoire available to Portuguese-speaking readers. By analyzing these translations and translators, we expect to contribute to the historiography of translation in Brazil in general and that of Shakespeare s sonnets in particular.

In this qualitative study, I examine the utilization of electronic publication and electronic writing systems to provide new possibilities for the translation of French Caribbean literary texts. Using Simone Schwarz‐Bart's 1972 novel Pluie et vent sur Télumée Miracle specifically for analysis and exploration, I investigate the potential of digital technology to aid in the production of literary translations that are mindful not only of the dynamics of language, but of French Caribbean women's discourse as well. Since the cultural turn of translation studies, translators need not only be bilingual but bicultural as well, having a discerning knowledge and familiarity of the culture that they render. Cultural translation scholars, therefore, have argued that translators should make the reasons for their translation choices known through annotations, prefaces, introductions, or footnotes. Advancing this established claim through critical and theoretical analysis and the construction of hypermediated textual translation samples from Pluie et Vent, I argue that translators can make their choices known by utilizing digital writing and hypermedia tools, such as TEI‐conformant XML, for computer assisted translation (CAT) and electronic publication. By moving a new translation of Schwarz‐Bart's text to a digital space, translators have more options in how they present their renderings including what information to include for better textual interpretation and analysis. The role, thus, of the translator has expanded. This person is not just a translator of language and culture, but an editor who provides scholarly information for critical interpretation. She is also a programmer who is skilled in new media iv writing and editing tools and uses those tools rhetorically to invent new methods for the electronic translation of literature.