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After a decade of suffering from a lack of attention in second language research, interest in motivational issues has recently shifted the focus of its analysis from the individual as learner to learning as participation in social activities and social worlds. If we accept the notion that language learning results from involvement in communicative events, then to what degree learners participate in an event, if at all, is crucial to that learning. In this thesis I add to the body of research that has begun to examine the complexities of the interface between individuals and learning contexts. I examine the historical, cultural and personal influences that a group of Ukrainian military officers bring to a NATO sponsored immersion program, as well as their perceptions of their place within the power structures that are inherent to this setting. / I argue that for the group of learners in this study, second language acquisition theories have not provided an adequate explanation for the reason why they did or did not participate in communicative events both inside and outside the classroom. Drawing on Vygotsky's (1962, 1978) language learning theories and Peirce's (1989, 1993, 1995, 1997) notions of social identity and investment to support my findings, I identify elements that served to marginalize these learners and disempower them, and which were responsible for their apparent lack of investment in language learning. I also suggest how, for some of these officers, changes in their social identities led to more opportunities to practice English and eventually to feel empowered both during the language course and once they returned home.

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:56:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tadinei_daniel_jacumasso.pdf: 2333428 bytes, checksum: edd0e67104ade791d81a7f3b82506fc6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-22 / This study aims to study linguistic and cultural diversity and politics linguistics of a Ukrainian community, located at Irati/PR city. Therefore, we make a socio-historical survey about that community, and investigate which languages and in what situations they are used by residents of Itapará community. Furthermore, we refer to the attitudes of speakers with regard to Portuguese and Ukrainian languages. We searched, also, factors that took/take to the preservation of the Ukrainian language, especially related to the church. We base our research on the concepts of sociolinguistics, with focus on the phenomenon of language contact, linguistic attitudes and politics linguistics. Near of the bibliography research we collected narrations from ten speakers from the cited community and we analyzed these reports with the proposed topics of cultural and linguistic diversity and politics linguistics. Among other results, we understand that the conservation and practice of Ukrainian language and culture are strongly linked the religious aspects. Even though the practice of Ukrainian language and culture is on a regression time in the community, we noted that these are part of the identity of speakers. / Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar a diversidade linguística, cultural e as políticas linguísticas de uma comunidade ucraniana, localizada no município de Irati/PR. Para tanto, fazemos um levantamento sócio-histórico dessa comunidade, bem como investigamos quais as línguas e em que situações estas são utilizadas pelos moradores da comunidade de Itapará. Além disso, fazemos referência às atitudes dos falantes em relação às línguas portuguesa e ucraniana. Pesquisamos, também, fatores que levaram/levam à preservação da língua ucraniana, especialmente relacionados à igreja. Baseamos nossa pesquisa nos conceitos da sociolinguística, com enfoque no fenômeno de línguas em contato, atitudes linguísticas e políticas linguísticas. Ao lado da pesquisa bibliográfica coletamos relatos de dez falantes da comunidade citada e analisamos estes relatos com relação aos temas propostos da diversidade linguística e cultural e das políticas linguísticas. Entre outros resultados, percebemos que a conservação e prática da língua e cultura ucranianas estão fortemente ligadas a aspectos religiosos. Mesmo que a prática da língua e cultura ucranianas esteja em fase de regressão na comunidade, pudemos notar que estas fazem parte da própria identidade dos falantes.

This book examines and analyses the Union between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Sweden signed in 1655 at Kėdainiai and the political crisis that followed. The union was a result of strong separatist dreams among the Lithuanian-Ruthenian Protestant elite led by the Radziwiłł family, and if implemented it would radically change the balance of power in the Baltic Sea region. The main legal point of the Union was the breach of Lithuanian federation with Poland and the establishment of a federation with Sweden. The Grand Duchy of Lithuania aspired to return to international relations as a self-governing subject. The Union meant a new Scandinavian alternative to Polish and Russian domination. The author places the events in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the general crisis that occurred in Europe in the middle of the 17th century characterized by a great number of wars, rebellions and civil wars from Portugal to Ukraine, and which builds the background to the crisis for Lithuania and Sweden. The research proved the importance of lesser powers in changing the geopolitical balance between the Great Powers. The conflict over Lithuania and Belarus was the main reason for the Swedish-Russian, Polish-Russian and Ukrainian-Russian wars. The failure of the Union with Sweden was caused by both internal and external factors. Internally, various ethnic, confessional and political groups within the nobility of Lithuania were split in favour of different foreign powers – from Muscovy to Transylvania. The external cause for the failure of the Union project was the failure of Swedish strategy. Sweden concentrated its activity to Poland, not to Lithuania. After the Union, Swedish authorities treated the Grand Duchy as an invaded country, not an equal. The Swedish administration introduced heavy taxation and was unable to control the brutality of the army. As a result Sweden was defeated in both Lithuania and Poland. Among the different economic, political and religious explanations of the general crisis, the case of Lithuania shows the importance of the political conflicts. For the separatists of Lithuania the main motive to turn against Poland and to promote alliance with Sweden, Russia or the Cossacks was the inability of Poland to shield the Grand Duchy from a Russian invasion.The Lithuanian case was a provincial rebellion led by the native nobility against their monarch, based on tradition of the previous independence and statehood period. It was not nationalism in its modern meaning, but instead a crisis of identity in the form of a conflict between Patria and Central Power. However, the cost of being a part of Sweden or Muscovy was greater than the benefit of political protection. Therefore, the pro-Polish orientation prevailed when Poland after 1658 recovered its military ability the local nobility regrouped around Warsaw. The Grand Duchy of Lithuania managed to remain on the political map of Europe, but at the price of general religious Catholization and cultural Polonization. After the crisis, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania gradually changed into a deep province of the Polish state.

The thesis gives the analysis of the life insurance market in Ukraine. The first part is dedicated to the main characteristics of the Ukrainian insurance market with detailed specification of its participants, regulatory and theoretical basement of life insurance. The second part introduces deep analysis of the main insurance indexes of the market and also the analysis of particular insurance companies with reference to their market shares and product supplies. The last part compares evolution of the Ukrainian insurance market with other nations. Finally, the thesis points out the main problems of the life insurance market in Ukraine and their probable solutions.

In response to the conflict in eastern Ukraine that began in April 2014, thousands of Ukrainians voluntarily enrolled to various paramilitary battalions. Except the Right Sector’s Volunteer Ukrainian Corps, all battalions have been incorporated into official defense and security structures. This study investigates why some combatants choose to serve in the paramilitary Right Sector’s Volunteer Ukrainian Corps rather than join the state-sanctioned military, and specifically how this choice is influenced by uncertainty. This multisite case study is conducted with volunteer fighters in the regions of Odesa and Donetsk, using data collected through interviews, observations and through the review of documents. The study applies uncertainty-identity theory, which explores how uncertainty in an individual’s own life, or their environment can prompt them to seek structure through belonging to a group or ascribing to an ideology. This theory is applied to understand how participants’ identification with the paramilitary Volunteer Ukrainian Corps might influence their feelings of self-uncertainty. The data led to six themes: Russian aggression; patriots and opportunists; enemies among us; trust, confidence and cohesion; sworn brothers; and construction of uncertainty. These themes help to understand the motivations of participants, but also how uncertainty is constructed through the membership in the Right Sector’ s Volunteer Ukrainian Corps. The findings of this study give a holistic account about participants’ feelings of self-uncertainty through their multifaceted and complex experiences. Analysis of the data revealed that the clear group prototype and the high entitativity of the Right Sector’s Volunteer Ukrainian Corps increased participants’ self-confidence, which inspired their continued identification with the group.

1 Abstract After the Euromaidan revolution, Ukraine has faced an annexation of Crimea and the War of Donbas, with the subsequent economic crisis hurting the living standards of the population. It has led many to travel abroad, as economic migrants, to find better conditions for work and residence. Many Ukrainians started working in Poland and the Czech Republic, becoming the largest group of foreigners there. This dissertation examines the differences between Ukrainians working in those two countries after 2014. Initially, this research discovers theories of migration and integration indicators, identifying key topics to focus on. Those topics are migrants' networks, migration policies of host countries and two integration indicators (real estate participation and human capital). The results suggest that migrants' networks successfully enhance social and economic integration of migrants, with a language factor playing a crucial role. Furthermore, it is important to note social integration largely depends on the willingness to integrate, and it is not always the case. This dissertation shows that Polish migration policies treat Ukrainian economic migrants more favourably than Czech migration policies, providing special treatment and easier access to the labour markets. However, a path to receive a...

(på engelska): This thesis aims to investigate what the verbal aspect as a grammatical verb category entails, how it is formed and expressed in Slavic languages, namely in Czech and Ukrainian. In addition to verbal aspect, aktionsart is also examined. Initially, the focus is on the definition of the most relevant terms, while specific examples of aktionsart and usage of perfective and imperfective aspect are emphasized later in the study. In addition, the various aspectual means available in languages that lack aspect as a grammatical category are analyzed, with Swedish as an example. Special attention is given to phrasal verbs as an aspect marker. Furthermore, the thesis contains a corpus-driven research that focuses on the translation of Czech and Ukrainian perfective verbs into Swedish (27 verbs in total) and aims to see to what extent verbal particles are used when translating perfective aspect. The analysis shows that phrasal verbs are a relatively frequent means to translate perfective aspect, even though there seems to be a high degree of a translator's subjective judgement about whether or not phrasal verbs are appropriate in certain situations. Nevertheless, it is clear that phrasal verbs contribute to a more bounded and thus perfective meaning. The exact number of the results with phrasal...

Pavla Ksiazkiewiczová Německo-ruské vztahy na pozadí ukrajinské krize a rusko- gruzínské války Abstract The thesis examines the German response to the Ukrainian Crisis in 2008 and the Russo- Georgian War in 2014. On the background of these two conflicts, I would like to demonstrate the German-Russian relations and their deterioration in the past years. My main research question was why did Germany decide to support and advocate the EU sanctions against Russia during the Ukrainian Crisis in 2014, when they did not promote such a solution in the 2008 during the Russo-Georgian War. My hypothesis is that German foreign policy shifted from the economic interests-oriented approach towards norm-oriented one. I am working with the theory Foreign policy analysis, which studies the management of international relations and state's activities. This theory can be understood as a critique towards dominant structural approach in international relations because it says that foreign policy is determined by the domestic policy. I constructed the German response to the Ukrainian Crisis and the Russo- Georgian War using qualitative discourse analysis. With this method I am analyzing the statements of those actors, who influence German foreign policy.