Around one percent of the Swedish population is defined as visually impaired and ten percent of them are classified as blind (Funka, n.d.; SRF, 2017a). A study shows that the prevalence of nearsightedness will increase to around half the population in the world in 2050 (Holden et. al., 2016). This suggests an increased need for solutions that work for people with reduced vision, not only for visually impaired but for a large group of the population. The aim of the project is to conceptualize a technological mainstream solution that supports people when shopping for groceries. The focus is on making this solution accessible for people with low vision. The project was planned based on the human-centered design process described by IDEO.org (2015), with an overall process divided into three phases: inspiration, ideation, and implementation. In the first phase, inspiration, a literature review was done, different field studies and other research methods were carried out. The outcome of the phase was three personas, two scenarios, and a design specification. During the second phase, ideation, the project scope was narrowed down – focusing on physical grocery stores (excluding online stores) and on conceptualizing a smartphone application. An ideation workshop was conducted, followed by concept creation, paper prototyping, scenario writing, user evaluations and a final concept selection. In the last phase, implementation, follow up feedback sessions were held and a simulation test of the final concept was held. Visualizations and presentation of the final concept were done. A list of summarized design principles was created, as support for further work on designing the application for low vision users. The final concept is based on a smartphone application that supports the customer through shopping list management, aisle navigation, item selection and item scanning, for a seamless customer experience for both people with full and low vision. The technology that will be utilized is Pricer AB's electronic shelf labels (ESL) with item positioning, customer navigation, and individual flashing light, combined with the grocery store online database with item descriptions and images. Here follows an example of how the interaction could look like for someone with low vision: He always prepares his shopping list before heading to the store, this way he knows the shopping will be easier for him. In the store, he gets all items on the list presented in the correct order of the store, in that way he knows what to search for. When looking for soy sauce from his shopping list he has trouble remembering where the section is, so he checks it up with the navigation. He realizes that it was just around the corner of where he just passed by. Once at the section he is presented with a list of different soy sauces in the application, matching his location, previous purchases and the soy sauce on his shopping list. He can now select the one that he prefers, and a picture of it appears on the screen, simultaneously a flashing green light appears by the item on the shelf, and he can easily and independently find the way right up to the soy sauce he wants. / Ungefär en procent av Sveriges befolkning är synskadade, och tio procent av dem är så pass gravt synskadade att de kan definieras som blinda (Funka, n.d.; SRF, 2017a). Enligt en studie förväntas närsynthet världen över att öka, och under 2050 vara uppe i hälften av jordens befolkning (Holden et. al., 2016). Detta tyder på ett ökat behov av lösningar som fungerar för personer med nedsatt syn, inte bara för synskadade utan för en stor del av befolkningen. Målet med projektet är att undersöka nuläget och behoven för synsvaga personer när de handlar mat, för att sedan kunna utveckla universell teknisk ­lösning som ska fungera som ett stöd när man handlar mat. Projektet planerades utifrån en människocentrerad designprocess beskriven av IDEO.org (2015), som är indelad i tre faser: inspiration, idégenereringen och genomförande. I den första fasen, inspiration, gjordes en litteraturstudie, flera fältstudier genomfördes, samt andra research metoder. Resultatet här var tre personas, två scenarion och en designspecifikation. Under den andra fasen, idégenereringen, ställdes nya avgränsningar upp för projektet – fokuset riktades nu mot den fysiska butiker (avgränsning från e-handeln) och att målet skulle vara att ta fram en smartphone-applikation. En idéworkshop genomfördes, konceptgenerering, skapande av pappersprototyper, scenarion, utvärdering med användare och ett slutligt konceptval. I sista fasen, genomförande, följdes det slutliga konceptet upp med tidigare deltagare och det slutliga konceptet testades i en simulerad studie. Visualisering och presentation av slutkonceptet gjordes. Designprinciper för utveckling av applikationer för synsvaga sammanfattades, för att fungera som stöd för vidare arbete med utveckling av konceptet. Slutkonceptet bygger på en smartphone-applikation som ska fungera som stöd för kunden, från skapandet av inköpslista, navigering i butiken, val och identifiering av varor och slutligen att scanna varan. I sin helhet skapar detta en komplett lösning i mataffären för både seende och synsvaga kunder. Tekniken som ska utnyttjas för konceptet är Pricer AB's elektroniska hyllkantsetikett-system (ESL-system) med positionering, kundnavigering samt en lysdiod på varje enskild etikett, i kombination med butikens online-databas med produktbeskrivningar och bilder på varorna. Här kommer en beskrivning av hur interaktionen med systemet kan gå till för någon som är synsvag: Han förbereder alltid sin inköpslista innan han går till affärer, eftersom han vet att det underlättar för honom. Väl i butiken får han varorna från inköpslistan presenterade i den ordningen de kommer, vilket förenklar letandeprocessen. När han letar efter sojasås som han har på listan har han svårt att komma ihåg var i butiken han hittar den, så han kollar upp det med navigeringsfunktionen. Han inser då att han missade den just bakom hörnet som han gick förbi. Väl framme vid sektionen får han en lista med olika sojasåser presenterade i applikationen, de baseras på hans position i butiken, tidigare köp och vad han har på inköpslistan. Han kan nu välja den han gillar och får då en bild på varan på sin skärm, samtidigt som en grön lampa blinkar precis där varan är placerad på hyllan. Han kan nu enkelt och självständigt plocka varan han vill ha från hyllan.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:44:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3438.pdf: 3254383 bytes, checksum: f642b979c389a8e28c278ed98ce772d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-01-13 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The occupational therapist activity seeks to promote autonomy and independence for the general population in the different areas of personal and social interaction, participating in the development of social policies. Among the intervention strategies is the use of accessibility resources and technologies to enhance human functionality. The profession strives to guarantee peoples rights regardless of special needs, whether temporary or permanent. Professional legislation entitles the occupational therapist to the use of assistive technology in daily activities and in instrumental daily life activities. This research s objective was to analyze occupational therapist education in order to work with accessibility resources and assistive technology. It considered seventeen Brazilian bachelor courses, nine of which private, four federal, and four state schools, as well as forty junior and senior students. Data collection techniques included documental analysis and surveys. According to the used method, in the first step theoretical and practical subjects from the curriculum were considered. The second step used surveys to assess students perception of their own capability in the areas of accessibility and assistive technology. The results showed an overall average of 71,96 hours dedicated to assistive technology, representing 2,25% of the minimum required time, concentrated in subjects with minimum required times varying between 59 and 89 hours. The documental analysis results showed that these contents are presented in specific required subjects (82,4%) and in non-specific required subjects, where they are part of the curriculum (64,7%). A disparity between this research s findings and the students perception was observed. Students state that 42,5% of the contents were offered in specific subjects and in the subjects referred to as Applied . Some of the main results indicate that there is no identifiable systematization of contents and time spent and that the contents are treated superficially. Furthermore, they show that the students feel more prepared to evaluate than to use technological resources and do not feel ready to create and develop accessibility resources and assistive technology. The results obtained in this research can contribute to improve and better direct the course content in light of the development of accessibility resources and technologies within the parameters of inclusion and in doing so, to better qualify future professionals. / A atuação do terapeuta ocupacional busca promover a independência e autonomia para a população em geral nos diferentes espaços de convivência pessoal e social, participando da construção das políticas sociais. Dentre as suas estratégias de intervenção, utiliza-se de recursos de acessibilidade e tecnologias em prol da funcionalidade humana. Trata-se de uma profissão que se propõe a contribuir com os princípios da garantia dos direitos para as pessoas sem ou com deficiências, temporárias ou permanentes, do ponto de vista da igualdade de tratamento. A legislação legitima ao terapeuta ocupacional o uso de Tecnologia Assistiva e o treino das Atividades de Vida Diária e Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a formação dos graduandos em Terapia Ocupacional para atuar com recursos de acessibilidade e tecnologia assistiva. Para isso foram considerados dezessete cursos de graduação do Brasil, sendo nove instituições particulares, quatro instituições federais e quatro estaduais; e 40 graduandos dos últimos anos de formação em Terapia Ocupacional. O procedimento de coleta de dados envolveu análise documental e questionário. De acordo com o método utilizado, em uma primeira etapa foram consideradas a grade curricular e as ementas das disciplinas teóricas e práticas do currículo pleno, relacionadas às técnicas e recursos terapêuticos ocupacionais. Em uma segunda etapa, por intermédio da utilização de questionário, foi registrada a percepção dos graduandos, em relação a seu aprendizado e capacitação na área de acessibilidade e tecnologia assistiva. Os resultados apontaram para uma média geral de 71,96 horas dedicadas ao ensino da tecnologia assistiva, o que representa um percentual de 2,25% da carga horária mínima obrigatória, concentrados nas disciplinas que apresentam de 59 à 89 horas de carga horária total obrigatória. Os resultados da análise documental registraram que os conteúdos estão sendo tratados em disciplinas obrigatórias específicas (82,4%), seguidos pelas disciplinas obrigatórias não específicas nas quais os temas foram englobados no ementário (64,7%). Verificou-se que há disparidade entre os achados desta análise e a percepção dos alunos, que referem que 42,5 % dos conteúdos foi oferecido em disciplinas específicas e dentro de outras disciplinas (as chamadas de Terapia Ocupacional Aplicada ). Os resultados identificaram ainda uma falta de sistematização destes conteúdos com as respectivas cargas horárias, e a superficialidade na abordagem dos temas. Dentre os quesitos de capacitação, constatou-se que os alunos se sentem mais preparados para avaliar do que para atuar com recursos tecnológicos, e muito pouco preparados para criar e desenvolver recursos de acessibilidade e tecnologia assistiva. As contribuições desta pesquisa poderão ajudar os cursos a melhor direcionar seus conteúdos e práticas em face do desenvolvimento de recursos de acessibilidade e tecnologias, dentro dos parâmetros inclusivos, aprimorando a formação para a participação no mercado de trabalho.

nÃo hà / O estudo objetiva investigar as contribuiÃÃes do design universal para a aprendizagem em uma InstituiÃÃo PÃblica de Ensino Superior, com base no modelo teÃrico-prÃtico Universal Design for Learning (UDL). A pesquisa està estruturada segundo a proposta metodolÃgica quadripolar de De Bruyne, Herman e Shoutheete (1977) e seus quatro polos metodolÃgicos: epistemolÃgico, teÃrico, morfolÃgico e tÃcnico. O polo epistemolÃgico versa sobre epistemologia do design, aprendizagem e avaliaÃÃo a partir dos pressupostos filosÃficos de Herbert Simon. Esta reflexÃo gerada à luz do pensamento de Simon fundamenta as categorias do objeto de estudo e permite uma melhor compreensÃo sobre o comportamento humano no processo de resoluÃÃo de problemas e de tomada de decisÃo dentro das organizaÃÃes educacionais. No polo teÃrico, evidencia a discussÃo dos principais conceitos relacionados ao design universal em processos educativos, incluindo as principais abordagens pedagÃgicas, alÃm de conceitos relativos ao design universal para a avaliaÃÃo. No polo morfolÃgico, caracteriza-se o modelo UDL, com o fito de nortear as estratÃgias reflexivas fomentando oportunidades de aprendizagens. Com o intuito de assessorar essa construÃÃo morfolÃgica, utilizou-se as contribuiÃÃes do modelo de avaliaÃÃo estrutural-sistÃmica proposto por Lima (2008). O polo tÃcnico consiste na descriÃÃo da metodologia de pesquisa e concentra na integraÃÃo dos polos com a pesquisa de campo em busca de responder os questionamentos da pesquisa, a partir de mÃtodos e tÃcnicas estÃticas necessÃrias para a investigaÃÃo do objeto em estudo. Adotou-se uma pesquisa de campo aplicada, exploratÃria, descritiva de abordagem qualitativaquantitativa. A populaÃÃo, objeto de estudo foi constituÃda pelos discentes do curso de pedagogia, modalidade semipresencial, (turmas 2014.1 e 2017.1) de uma Universidade PÃblica do CearÃ. O locus da pesquisa foi constituÃdo por 110 alunos, distribuÃdos nos polos presenciais do municÃpio de Beberibe, Brejo Santo, Caucaia (Flavio MarcÃlio), Caucaia (Polo Araturi), Itapipoca, OrÃs, Sobral e Russas, do estado do Cearà (Ce). Foram aplicados questionÃrios mistos (questÃes fechadas e abertas) correspondente ao perfil dos respondentes, avaliaÃÃo do modelo UDL atravÃs de uma escala de avaliaÃÃo de 11 (onze) itens medido atravÃs da escala de LIKERT, e avaliaÃÃo do usuÃrio-aluno quanto à aplicaÃÃo do UDL. Os dados resultantes no seu aspecto quantitativo foram analisados por meio do programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), versÃo 20.0 para Windows e no seu aspecto qualitativo com o auxÃlio do software Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software - CAQDAS (Altas.ti 8), versÃo 8.1 para Windows. Os resultados evidenciaram efetivas contribuiÃÃes do modelo UDL para aprendizagem, para o desenvolvimento da autonomia, acessibilidade e rompimento de barreiras metodolÃgicas no contexto educativo, tornando-os mais democrÃtico e participativo.

No contexto da Educação a Distância Superior no Brasil, o material didático tem figurado como um dos principais recursos, no qual, realiza-se a aplicação dos pressupostos do design universal para a aprendizagem, que se trata de um modelo de universalização que propõem o oferecimento de andaimes que visem a eliminar as barreiras desnecessárias, sem eliminar os desafios necessários para beneficiar/proporcionar a aprendizagem do maior número possível de alunos. Ressalta-se que a motivação e a autoeficácia para a aprendizagem tem sido utilizadas em trabalhos brasileiros que as apresentam como importantes dimensões de aprendizagem. Contudo, há escassez de pesquisas que avaliem e mensurem os efetivos impactos destas dimensões no processo de aprendizagem permeado por implementações de propostas didáticas baseadas em princípios do design universal para a aprendizagem. O presente trabalho tem, portanto, o objetivo de avaliar o impacto dos princípios do design universal para a aprendizagem nas dimensões de motivação e autoeficácia do processo de aprendizagem em cursos superiores de Educação a Distância. Portanto, propõem a incorporação de princípios do design universal para a aprendizagem por meio da implementação de quatro propostas didáticas (leitura ou audição voz feminina ou masculina de texto; videoaula convencional ou com legenda parcialmente ambientada; controle de velocidade da expectação da videoaula; fórum com participação escrita, falada ou gravada com imagem e som) na editoração do material didático e testa sua aplicabilidade e efetividade para aumentar os índices de a motivação e a autoeficácia para a aprendizagem. A pesquisa é multimodal e foi arquitetada como um experimento verdadeiro, no modelo de pré-teste/pós-teste, utilizando-se os instrumentos Escala de Motivação Acadêmica e a Escala de Autoeficácia Acadêmica Percebida para aplicação em uma amostra de 238 alunos de cursos EAD de uma IES brasileira. Os resultados qualitativos e quantitativos apresentados evidenciam o potencial do design universal para melhoria dos índices de autoeficácia para a aprendizagem e da motivação, em uma proposta que visa mais que permitir a participação, mas possibilitar o sucesso de todos! / In the context of distance higher education in Brazil, the courseware has figured as one of the main resources in which executes the application of the assumption of universal design for learning, which it is about a template of universalization that propose the offering of \"scaffoldings\" that aim to eliminate the unnecessary barriers, without eliminating the necessary challenges to benefit/provide the learning of the greatest number of students as possible. It is noteworthy that the Motivation and Self Efficacy for Learning has been used in Brazilian works that present as important dimensions of learning. However, there is a shortage of searches that evaluate and measure the actual impact of these dimensions in the learning process permeated by implementations of didactic proposals based on the principles of universal design for learning. The present project has therefore the objective to evaluate the impact of the principles of universal design for learning in the dimensions of motivation and self-efficacy of the learning process in distance higher education courses. Propose the incorporation of principles of the universal design for learning through the implementation of four didactic proposals (reading or listening - female or male voice - text; conventional video lesson or partially acclimated with subtitles; video lesson expectation speed control; board with participation written, spoken or recorded with image and sound) on courseware publication and test its applicability and effectiveness to increase the rates of motivation and self-efficacy for learning. The research is multimodal and is architected as a true experiment, in the template of pre-test/pos-test, using the instruments of Academic Motivation Scale and the Scale of Perceived Academic Self-efficacy for using in a sample of 238 students of EAD courses of a Brazilian Institute of Higher Education. The qualitative and quantitative results presented highlight the potential of universal design to improve rates of self efficacy for learning and motivation, in a proposal that aims more than to allow participation, but enable the success of all!

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-15T23:43:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Larissa Costa Silva Lanverly1.pdf: 2799692 bytes, checksum: c06c19f706341093c7bb04fb511ae7a7 (MD5) Larissa Costa Silva Lanverly2.pdf: 3040134 bytes, checksum: 0475735513678cbceb5d57dbfe84d428 (MD5) Larissa Costa Silva Lanverly3.pdf: 1336477 bytes, checksum: 96ee412a326c4185a0dd5241c0e9e7ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-30 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / This work deals with the accessibility of persons with disabilities and reduced mobility in public spaces in cities. From the case study of the central area of the city of Maceió, capital of Alagoas state, it discusses accessibility in urban areas using methods and techniques of the Post Occupancy experimental (APO). There has been reference to the understanding of the key theoretical and conceptual aspects of the theme of accessibility and universal design as well as the laws and standards in Brazil, particularly the Technical - NBR 9050 - implemented in Brazil in 1985 and their amendments, determining important parameters for accessibility projects. The article discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the study area from an assessment that involves different groups of users, to then make recommendations that can guide future interventions and enhance public spaces in central areas for individuals with disabilities and reduced mobility with an inclusive and sustainable way. / Este trabalho trata da acessibilidade das pessoas com deficiência e com mobilidade reduzida no espaço público das cidades brasileiras. A partir do estudo de caso da área central do município de Maceió, capital do estado de Alagoas, busca- se discutir a acessibilidade no espaço urbano por meio de métodos e técnicas da Avaliação Pós Ocupação (APO) investigativa. Tem-se como referência o entendimento dos principais aspectos teórico-conceituais que envolvem a temática da acessibilidade e do Desenho Universal, bem como as legislações e normas brasileiras, particularmente a Norma Técnica - NBR 9050 - implementada no Brasil em 1985 e suas respectivas alterações, que determina importantes parâmetros para projetos de acessibilidade. Busca-se discutir os pontos positivos e negativos da área em estudo a partir de uma avaliação que envolve diferentes grupos de usuários, para em seguida propor recomendações que podem orientar futuras intervenções e valorizar os espaços públicos de áreas centrais em relação às pessoas com deficiência ou com mobilidade reduzida de modo inclusivo e sustentável.

This dissertation Barrier-free Work Environment examines and emphasizes some elements, which are projected and will be projected even more into architectural production – architect’s work. Buildings designed specially to create a working environment accessible for disabled people are of a current interest and they will become a very prominent subject of social development in the future, because it will be necessary to react sensitively to the disproportions in human abilities and in the society’s capability to create new workplaces, implement progressive technologies, computer systems, and last but not least, to react to new possibilities of people’s creative invention. This thesis is based on the key definitions for this topic – the terms health and handicap. It is aimed at the ethics of communication in a society and its perception by a person with some kind of disability – handicap. This thesis also analyzes the limits of human possibilities in the context of contemporary and future progressive technologies. The topic of accessible workplaces necessarily derives from the historical development of workplaces, and it indicates the future trends of development. An important part of this thesis is concerned with the conditions for creating a friendly working environment, not only from the aspect of the construction itself, but mainly by the interior design, its flexible furniture, and special work tools not only for the handicapped. This dissertation and its contribution to the scholarly research are based on evaluation of an opinion survey, whose respondents were companies employing handicapped people. The analysis and consequent synthesis of the answers given by the employers of the disadvantaged people brought pieces of information, which are summarized in conclusions and recommendations.

Uppsatsen syfte är att undersöka tillgänglighet vid busshållplatser i Västerås kommun och se om prioritering av tillgänglighet skiljer sig åt mellan stad och landsbygd. Arbetets utgångspunkt är att titta på huruvida Västerås kommun förhåller sig till de nuvarande riktlinjer för en tillgänglig busstrafik som Region Västmanland tagit fram. Studien fokuserar sig främst på fysiska funktionsnedsättningar och bygger på kvantitativa datainsamlings-metoder. För att kunna besvara arbetets syfte och frågeställningar, så tog vi hjälp av insamlad tidigare forskning, empiri och förhållning till Region Västmanlands riktlinjer. Resultatet vart att Västerås kommun prioriterar tillgänglighet i högsta grad i tätorten, medans det råder stora brister på landsbygdstrafiken. / The intention of this essay is to investigate accessibility at bus stops in Västerås municipality and to see whether priority of accessibility differs between the city and countryside. The main point of this study is to see whether Västerås municipality relates to the current guidelines for an accessible bus traffic, as the Region of Västmanland has developed. This study focuses mainly on physical disabilities and is based on quantitative methods. To answer the purpose and questions, we took help from previously collected research, empiricism and relation to Region Västmanland guidelines. The result was that Västerås municipality prioritize accessibility mainly in the city, meanwhile there are major shortcomings in rural traffic.

Debido a los cambios demográficos producto de factores como la industrialización, la reducción de la tasa de mortalidad en los distintos grupos de edades, la disminución de la tasa de fecundidad, los avances tecnológicos en el campo de la medicina, y, en consecuencia, la mejora de la calidad de vida, han propiciado que la esperanza de vida se prolongue y que se produzcan alteraciones en la estructura de la población. Ello se ha visto reflejado en el incremento de un grupo etario, el adulto mayor. A partir de los 60 años, el cuerpo comienza a presentar dificultades motrices, propias de a gerontología, para realizar las actividades cotidianas. Estas limitaciones generalmente se revelan en un menor grado de complicación, las cuales se van agravando progresivamente. Teniendo en cuenta que es una etapa en la vida de la cual no podremos evitarla, el proyecto repara la posibilidad de generar un diseño arquitectónico que reúna las condiciones para que el usuario tenga las herramientas que fomenten y ayude a brindar un envejecimiento sano, activo y, sobre todo, dentro de un entorno propicio y favorable para su desenvolvimiento cotidiano libre de barreras físicas y psicológicas. / In the last decade, the demographic changes have appeared as a product of industrialization, reduction of mortality rate in several generations, decrease in the fertility rate, technological advance in medicine field, thus an improvement in life quality. The mentions before have led to a longer life expectance and in consequence have generated variation in the population structure. These have been reflected in the raising of a specific age group, the senior citizen. From the early sixties the body starts to appear motor difficulties related to gerontology, and struggles to carry on with their daily activities. These limitations are show at the beginning in a lower grade of complications and become progressively worse. Since the old age is a stage in the life that can’t be avoid, the project aims to the chance to develop an architectonic design which include the properly requirements for every user and necessary background that promote and help bringing an active and healthy lifestyle, and above all, nurture a positive environment that produce an improvement of their day after day, freely from difficulties physical and mental. / Tesis

Digitaliseringen har blivit en del av vardagen där nästan alla samhällstjänster idag har digitaliserats. Sociala medier, appar och digitala tjänster är idag något som hör till normen. Att hamna i ett digitalt utanförskap kan ha långvariga konsekvenser och är en risk som de äldre i samhället är speciellt utsatta för, då forskning visar att det är många äldre som inte använder sig av digitala teknologier i samma utsträckning. Denna studies syfte är att ta reda på hur denna digitalisering har påverkat de äldre i det svenska samhället, genom att undersöka hur äldre människor upplever tekniken idag för att sedan också undersöka på vilket sätt digitala teknologier skulle kunna utformas för att fler äldre ska kunna ta del av dem. Studien har gjort med en inledande litteraturstudie utifrån tidigare forskning och begreppen användarupplevelse, användbarhet och universell design. Därefter har intervjuer utförts som en kvalitativ datainsamling. Resultatet visar på att många äldre ser svårigheter gällande sitt digitala användande, de känner en osäkerhet och rädsla kring att göra fel och har ibland svårt att förstå hur saker ska göras och har svårt att tolka informationen som ges. De äldre önskar ett enkelt språk och gärna att det är på svenska. Instruktioner som förklarar förkortningar och att inte för mycket information visas på en gång är några av de saker som de äldre upplever skulle kunna underlätta deras användning. Detta visar på att det finns mer att göra för att alla i befolkningen ska känna sig inkluderade i digitaliseringen och att designa med användaren i fokus är ett steg på vägen / Digitalization has become part of everyday life where almost all community services today have been digitalized. Social media, applications and digital services is something that belongs to the norm. Ending up in digital exclusion can have long-term consequences and is a risk that the elderly in society is particularly exposed to as research shows that many elderly people do not use digital technologies to the same extent. The purpose of this study is to find out how this digitalization has affected the elderly people in society in Sweden, by investigating how elderly people experience technologies today and then also to examine in what way that digital technologies could be designed so that more elderly people can take part in them. The study was done with an initial literature study based on previous research and the concepts of user experience, usability, and universal design. Thereafter, interviews were conducted as a qualitative data collection method. The results show that many older people see difficulties regarding their digital use, they feel an insecurity and fear of making mistakes and sometimes have difficulty understanding how things should be done and have difficulty interpreting the information provided. The elderly wants a simple language and preferably in Swedish. Instructions that explain abbreviations and that not too much information is displayed at once are some of the things that the elderly feel could facilitate their use. This shows that there is more to be done to make everyone in the population feel included within the digitalization and that designing with the user in focus is a step in the right direction.

Hoy en día vivimos en un mundo tan globalizado que la transmedialidad e inmediatez del acceso a la información coloca a la inclusión social como un tema sumamente de interés. Ello, debido a la necesidad constante de convivir con la información no solo en un sentido, como bien lo dice la palabra, informativo, sino también cultural e incluso de entretenimiento (López & Ramírez, 2017). De este contexto, se desprende directamente que la palabra “igualdad” acapare tantos espacios de conversación en diversas áreas, entre estas, el reconocimiento de los derechos de las mujeres y niños. Sin embargo, es importante también reconocer un área a la cual se deja de lado y necesita ser materia de interés público, la accesibilidad para las personas con discapacidad visual. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo indagar en la experiencia del acceso cinematográfico en las personas con discapacidad visual. Para ello, se identificará y reflexionará a partir de algunas soluciones y experiencias de accesibilidad para el consumo cinematográfico de personas con discapacidad visual dentro del panorama peruano, latinoamericano y europeo. Asimismo, se buscará identificar el marco legislativo peruano que regula el acceso al cine en materia de accesibilidad. Por último, se realizará una experiencia de accesibilidad al grupo de estudio básico alternativo y reforzamiento del CENTRO DE REHABILITACIÓN DE CIEGOS DE LIMA a partir de la técnica de audiodescripción y el instrumento de focus group. Ello, con el objetivo de identificar la experiencia al acceso por parte de los participantes. / Today we live in such a globalized world that the transmediality and immediacy of access to information makes social inclusion a highly relevant issue of interest. This, due to the constant need to coexist with information not only in a sense, as the word rightly says, informative, but also cultural and even entertainment (López & Ramírez, 2017). From this context, it follows directly that the word "equality" monopolizes so many spaces of conversation in various areas, among these, the recognition of the rights of women and children. However, it is also important to recognize an area that is neglected and needs to be a matter of public interest: accessibility for people with visual impairment. This research aims to investigate the experience of cinema access for people with visual impairment. To this end, it will identify and reflect on some solutions and experiences of accessibility for the consumption of films by visually impaired people in Peru, Latin America, and Europe. It will also seek to identify the Peruvian legislative framework that regulates access to cinema in terms of accessibility. Finally, an experience of accessibility to the alternative basic study group and reinforcement of the REHABILITATION CENTER FOR THE BLIND OF LIMA will be carried out using the audio description technique and the focus group instrument. The objective is to identify the accessibility experience of the participants. / Trabajo de investigación