Les femmes sont-elles violentes ? Simple question qui appelle a priori une réponse évidente mais qui dans les faits semble avoir quelques difficultés à retrouver une réponse. Vision biaisée, regards troublés, les lectures du rapport des femmes à la violence tendent à réduire, à minimiser ou à réfuter l'exercice quotidien d'une violence féminine renvoyée à l'exceptionnel et à l'anormalité. Les femmes seraient par définition moins violentes que les hommes. Mais quels sont les fondements de pareil postulat ? Afin d'y réfléchir ont été investies dans le cadre de cette thèse les archives du tribunal de la sénéchaussée de Marseille afin de questionner les formes, les occasions et les expériences de la violence ordinaire auxquelles les femmes étaient confrontées. Se défaisant de l'idée d'un phénomène jugé mineur et ponctuel, les sources exploitées ont permis d'appréhender l'ordinaire des violences marseillaises, resituant aux sexes la part respective qui leur revient en la matière et permettant de nuancer l'idée d'une faible participation féminine aux actes violents ainsi qu'une réflexion sur les formes et manifestations des violences. Les femmes tout à tour actrices et victimes de ces usages tiennent une place fondamentale au sein de la société des voisins qu'elles envahissent, modèlent et contrôlent en partie. La litigiosité féminine a constitué l'angle d'approche retenu pur considérer au travers du regard judiciaire et de ses imperfections, le quotidien ordinaire d'une ville importante d'Ancien Régime : Marseille. La violence est processeur d'une dynamique sociale à laquelle les femmes prennent activement part, qu'elle la subissent ou qu'elles l'exercent. / Are Women violent? The answer to this simple question would seem a priori obvious, but in fact it is difficult to offer a convincing explanation. Statistics and data on female violence tend to reduce, minimize or disprove the idea that female violence might take place on a daily basis, suggesting rather that it is the exception, or at the very least an abnormal occurrence. Apparently, women are inherently less violent than men. But what is the basis for such a premise? In order to answer this question, we have studied the records of the Seneschal of Marseilles' court. These judicial archives allow us to understand the forms, opportunities and experience of everyday violence that women faced. Setting aside the idea that this was a minor and irregular phenomenon, these sources provide evidence of violence in the everyday life of Marseilles' inhabitants and attribute to each sex their proper place in this behavior, while enabling a nuanced analysis of the idea that women were less inclined to violence and providing insight into the forms and manifestations of such violence. Women, both actresses and victims of these practices, were key players within the society in their ability to enter, shape and partially control their neighbourhood. By studying cases presented to the courts by women, it is possible to adopt the judge's perspective, with its insight and imperfections, of daily life of a major city under the Old Regime: Marseilles. Violence was a social dynamic process in which women were actively involved, whether as victims or aggressors. By comparing analytical tools and approaches of sources, it is possible to study both the working and the elite classes.

157f. / Submitted by Hozana Azevedo (hazevedo@ufba.br) on 2013-06-25T12:25:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fugindo dos Males da Cidade - Rafael de Aguiar Arantes.pdf: 7060255 bytes, checksum: 21e8cbb74fefc340224ebdae9d432170 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná(dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-06-25T14:09:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Fugindo dos Males da Cidade - Rafael de Aguiar Arantes.pdf: 7060255 bytes, checksum: 21e8cbb74fefc340224ebdae9d432170 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-25T14:09:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fugindo dos Males da Cidade - Rafael de Aguiar Arantes.pdf: 7060255 bytes, checksum: 21e8cbb74fefc340224ebdae9d432170 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / FAPESB / Entre as tendências dominantes na dinâmica atual das cidades mundiais está o aumento da auto-segregação das camadas de média e alta renda e a proliferação de condomínios fechados, fortificados e protegidos, onde essas camadas vêm se refugiando em busca de segurança e qualidade de vida. O presente trabalho analisa este fenômeno, com base em uma pesquisa realizada na Região Metropolitana de Salvador (RMS). Nessa região, os condomínios fechados surgiram de antigos conjuntos habitacionais e loteamentos privados da década de 1970 e 1980. Esses empreendimentos se direcionavam paras as camadas médias, especialmente assalariados, que buscavam ter acesso à casa própria e ter mais qualidade de vida, propiciada pela distância do centro urbano e pelo contato maior com a natureza. Oferecer mais liberdade, autonomia, espaço e opções de lazer para os filhos era um dos elementos centrais nesse contexto. Esses empreendimentos não nasceram fechados, e vão ganhando essa condição ao longo da década de 1980. A partir da década de 1990, contudo, novos empreendimentos surgem, já como condomínios fechados e incorporados pelo mercado, que valoriza através de peças publicitárias a moradia em locais protegidos, seguros e monitorados. Nesse novo contexto, alteram-se o perfil dos moradores, agora também setores das camadas mais altas, e a motivação para se morar nesses espaços. Associados a elementos relativos à qualidade de vida (tranqüilidade, estrutura privativa de lazer, e principalmente morar numa casa) cresce a importância do componente da segurança, de modo que a proliferação de condomínios fechados na RMS passa se configurar como um afastamento dos problemas urbanos, uma busca de tudo aquilo que os moradores acreditam não mais poder encontrar na cidade. Desse modo, a análise dos condomínios fechados na RMS permite inferir que, ao mesmo tempo em que eles são a expressão da crise dos espaços públicos, ao propiciar “soluções” individualistas e privatistas, reafirmam ainda mais aquela crise, contribuindo para o fim de um modelo de cidade moderna, que se pautava nos espaços públicos, abertos e plurais, na diversidade e na heterogeneidade. Among dominant trends in current dynamics of world cities is increasing self-segregation of the middle and upper-classes and the proliferation of gated communities, fortified and protected, where these layers have been taking refuge in a search for security and quality of life. This paper analyzes this phenomenon, based on a research in the Salvador Metropolitan Region. In this region, gated communities have emerged from former housing and private housing developments of the 1970s and 1980s. These projects were directed to the middle classes, especially employees, who sought access to home ownership and have a better quality of life afforded by the distance from the urban center and the greater contact with nature. Offer more freedom, autonomy, space and entertainment options for children was a central element in this context. These projects were not born walled, and moved ahead this condition throughout the 1980s. From the 1990s, however, new developments arise, already as gated communities and incorporated by the market, which values through advertising in local housing safe, secure and monitored. In this new context, change the profile of residents, now also sectors of the higher layers, and the motivation to live in these spaces. Associated with elements of quality of life (quiet, private leisure structure, and mainly live in houses) increases the importance of the security component, so that the proliferation of gated communities in the RMS is to configure itself as a departure from the urban problems a search of all that the villagers believe can no longer find in the city. Thus, the analysis of gated communities in this metropolitan region allows the inference that, while they are the expression of the crisis of public spaces, by providing individualistic and private "solutions", further reaffirm that crisis, contributing to the end of a model modern city, which was guided in public spaces, open and plural, that is, diversity and heterogeneity. / Salvador

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:57:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 YasminieMSFC_DISSERT.pdf: 2326357 bytes, checksum: f56505c188365fefaa07a740a9b6ed48 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-29 / Study public space is studying the city and its dynamics through a representation point. The changes that are observed in these spaces and in the relations established there, or with it, are related to changes that occurred in the city as a whole, in the urban way of living. Study public space allied to urban sociability permits an even better focus on this relation between people in these spaces and with the spaces and in the consequences and fragile aspects this relation can impose to people and cities. This work is aimed towards this relation between public space and urban sociability. Through a conceptual/theoretical discussion aims, specifically, comprehend how to establish and what is the relation between urban space and urban sociability (appropriation/perception of place, tendencies of seclusion), from an isolated analysis of each one of these themes in the contemporaneous city. The Brazilian public space has peculiar characteristics, arising from its historical process of construction, also influenced by the public sphere fragile construction that permeates it, as well as more recent variables such as the sensation of insecurity and commodification of these places. The urban sociability influences and is influenced along all this process of significance and reframing of the public space. The conceptual discussion about each isolate variable provides the necessary coverage for discussion and analysis of the relation between them and the consequence of this relation in the city, such as the notation of relevant experiences of this process of revaluation of the public space. The hereby search is not through a path to reestablish the relation as it already existed, but also for an understanding of the dynamic as is established today and for existing possibilities for maintenance and appreciation of the relation between people and the city by believing in its importance to urban life / Estudar espa?o p?blico ? estudar a cidade e suas din?micas por meio de um ponto de representa??o. As mudan?as observadas nesses espa?os e nas rela??es estabelecidas nele, ou com ele, est?o vinculadas a mudan?as ocorridas na cidade em sua totalidade, na forma urbana de viver. Estudar espa?o p?blico aliado ? sociabilidade urbana permite um enfoque ainda maior na rela??o entre as pessoas nesses espa?os e com esses espa?os e nas consequ?ncias que a fragiliza??o dessa rela??o pode impor ?s pessoas e ?s cidades. O presente trabalho concentra se nessa rela??o entre espa?o p?blico e sociabilidade urbana. Atrav?s de uma discuss?o conceitual/te?rica, visa, especificamente, compreender como se estabelece e qual o tipo de rela??o entre o espa?o p?blico e a sociabilidade urbana (apropria??o/percep??o do lugar, tend?ncias de afastamento), partindo de uma an?lise isolada de cada um desses temas na cidade contempor?nea. O espa?o p?blico brasileiro tem caracter?sticas peculiares, decorrentes do seu processo hist?rico de constru??o, que n?o podem ser desconsideradas. A sociabilidade urbana influencia e ? influenciada ao longo de todo esse processo de significa??o e ressignifica??o do espa?o p?blico. A discuss?o conceitual acerca de cada vari?vel isoladamente prov? o lastro necess?rio para a discuss?o e an?lise da rela??o entre elas e o rebatimento dessa rela??o na cidade, abordada aqui atrav?s do processo de significa??o do lugar.No cen?rio contempor?neo ? ineg?vel a exist?ncia de uma tend?ncia de afastamento desses espa?os, analisada aqui sob a perspectiva de dois processos que atuam como enfraquecedores da rela??o que s?o a mercantiliza??o desses espa?os e a influ?ncia da criminalidade e da sensa??o de inseguran?a na apropria??o dos mesmos. A busca aqui n?o ? por um caminho para reestabelecer a rela??o tal qual j? existiu, mas sim por um entendimento da din?mica tal qual se estabelece hoje e por possibilidades existentes para manuten??o e valoriza??o da rela??o entre as pessoas e a cidade por acreditar na sua import?ncia para a vida urbana

The configuration of cities has invariably impacted the production of public dimension, both in its institutional meaning where the central axis is constituted by the State, as in its relational and spatial aspects. Given this scenario, it is pertinent to question how the public dimension is configured within the framework of today’s cities? This article aims to contribute answering this question by examining three dimensions that are basic in the public dimension of the cities: socio-spatial organization / institutional framework and urban sociability. For this, a theoretical review is made, taking as reference the case of Mexico City, with the aim of shedding light on the processes that mark the limits and contents of what we define as public. As a conclusion, it is argued that the public dimension is highly fragmented, as a result of the way the urban order is structured, the focused and unlinked actions from the governments and the limitations and difficulties for the encounter and dialogue between different. / La configuración de las ciudades ha impactado invariablemente en la producción del ámbito público, tanto en su acepción institucional donde el eje central lo constituye el Estado, como en sus dimensiones relacional y espacial. Ante este escenario, es pertinente preguntarse cómo se configura la dimensión pública en el marco de las ciudades actuales. El presente artículo se propone contribuir a responder esta pregunta a partir de examinar tres dimensiones que son fundamentales en la dimensión pública en la ciudad: la organización socioespacial / el marco institucional y la sociabilidad urbana.Para esto, se realiza una revisión de carácter teórico, teniendo como referencia el caso de la Ciudad de México, con el objetivo de dar luz sobre los procesos que marcan los límites y contenidos de lo que definimos como público. Como conclusión se argumenta que la dimensión pública en la ciudad se encuentra altamente fragmentada, producto de la forma como se estructura el orden urbano, las acciones focalizadas y desvinculadas de los gobiernos y los limitantes y dificultades para el encuentro y diálogo entre diferentes.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:46:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andre Ribeiro Passos Arruda.pdf: 3324349 bytes, checksum: f5a5c233bb9b34c01100632ef0bbe8f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-04 / This research looks at the processes of construction of youth identities. We intend to reflect on the various mechanisms of cultural and political action promoted through media resources, mobilized by young participants of audiovisual creation workshops in civil society organizations, in the suburbs of São Paulo City nowadays. The daily experiments made by these young people through audiovisual recordings, in multiplier institutions which provide them with the knowledge and tools needed, contribute to promoting changes in personal relationships, sociability values as well as to a redefinition of identities day by day. These young people, in varying degrees of organization, build collective identities, get organized in a spirit of solidarity, hold dialogues, recognize themselves as entitled to rights and also as citizens and agents of change in society. We attempted to use an interdisciplinary methodological approach in a perspective related to topics of the areas of Cultural Studies, Anthropology, Discourse Analysis, Languages, History and Sociology, with regard to the dynamics of identity construction processes and social interaction, and urban sociability, for they question the different forms of resistance, as well as the process through which new values, behaviors, identities, new forms of political and cultural action are built. / A presente pesquisa visa apresentar uma reflexão acerca dos processos de construção das identidades de jovens. Pretende-se refletir sobre os diversos mecanismos de ação cultural e política, promovidos por meio de recursos midiáticos mobilizados por jovens participantes de oficinas de criação audiovisual em organizações da sociedade civil, nos territórios periféricos do contexto urbano da cidade de São Paulo na contemporaneidade. As experiências cotidianas realizadas por esses jovens através de registros audiovisuais, nas instituições multiplicadoras dos conhecimentos e ferramentas necessárias, constituem-se em promotoras de mudanças nas relações pessoais, de valores de sociabilidade e de ressignificações das identidades no dia-a-dia. Esses jovens, em diferentes graus de organização, constroem identidades coletivas, organizam-se solidariamente, realizam interlocuções, reconhecem-se como alvo de direitos e constituem-se em cidadãos e agentes transformadores da sociedade. Buscou-se utilizar uma abordagem metodológica transdisciplinar em uma perspectiva relacionada aos eixos temáticos das áreas dos estudos da cultura, particularmente dos estudos culturais e da antropologia, da análise do discurso, das linguagens, da história e da sociologia, no que se refere à dinâmica dos processos de construção das identidades e da interação social, e da sociabilidade urbana, por problematizarem as diferentes formas de resistências, assim como processos de construção de novos valores, comportamentos, identidades, novas formas de ação política e cultural.